Prepared by the Operation of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants Task Force of the Water Environment Federation

Transcription

1 Operation of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants WEF Manual of Practice No. 11 Chapter 5 Safety Sixth Edition Prepared by the Operation of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants Task Force of the Water Environment Federation Michael D. Nelson, Chair Paul E. Fitzgibbons, Ph.D. Roger A. Migchelbrink Kim R. Riddell Martin Weiss Under the Direction of the MOP 11 Subcommittee of the Technical Practice Committee 2007 Water Environment Federation 601 Wythe Street Alexandria, VA USA 1

2 About WEF Formed in 1928, the Water Environment Federation (WEF) is a not-for-profit technical and educational organization with 32,000 individual members and 80 affiliated Member Associations representing an additional 50,000 water quality professionals throughout the world. WEF and its member associations proudly work to achieve our mission of preserving and enhancing the global water environment. For information on membership, publications, and conferences, contact Water Environment Federation 601 Wythe Street Alexandria, VA USA (703) IMPORTANT NOTICE The material presented in this publication has been prepared in accordance with generally recognized engineering principles and practices and is for general information only. This information should not be used without first securing competent advice with respect to its suitability for any general or specific application. The contents of this publication are not intended to be a standard of the Water Environment Federation (WEF) and are not intended for use as a reference in purchase specifications, contracts, regulations, statutes, or any other legal document. No reference made in this publication to any specific method, product, process, or service constitutes or implies an endorsement, recommendation, or warranty thereof by WEF. WEF makes no representation or warranty of any kind, whether expressed or 2

3 implied, concerning the accuracy, product, or process discussed in this publication and assumes no liability. Anyone using this information assumes all liability arising from such use, including but not limited to infringement of any patent or patents. Copyright 2007 by the Water Environment Federation All Rights Reserved. Water Environment Research, WEF, and WEFTEC are registered trademarks of the Water Environment Federation. 3

4 Manuals of Practice of the Water Environment Federation The WEF Technical Practice Committee (formerly the Committee on Sewage and Industrial Wastes Practice of the Federation of Sewage and Industrial Wastes Associations) was created by the Federation Board of Control on October 11, The primary function of the Committee is to originate and produce, through appropriate subcommittees, special publications dealing with technical aspects of the broad interests of the Federation. These publications are intended to provide background information through a review of technical practices and detailed procedures that research and experience have shown to be functional and practical. Water Environment Federation Technical Practice Committee Control Group B. G. Jones, Chair A. B. Pincince, Vice-Chair S. Biesterfeld-Innerebner R. Fernandez S. S. Jeyanayagam Z. Li M. D. Nelson S. Rangarajan E. P. Rothstein A. T. Sandy A. K. Umble T. O. Williams J. Witherspoon 4

5 Contents Chapter 5 Safety Introduction Community Right-to-Know Occupational Safety and Health Administration Hazardous Communication Standard Hazardous Chemicals Control Measures Elimination Engineering Controls Work Practices Common Chemicals Storage Guidelines Standard for Fire Protection Practice for Wastewater Treatment Plants and Collection Facilities Chlorine Storage and Chlorine Room Design Chemical Delivery and Distribution National Fire Protection Association Microbiological Hazards Amoebic Parasites Entamoeba hystolitica Giardia lamblia Cryptosporidium 5

6 Other Parasites Hepatitis Hepatitis A and E Hepatitis B, C, D, and G Human Immunodeficiency Virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Leptospirosis Aerosols Personal Hygiene and Health Protection Confined Spaces Limited Entry and Egress Ventilation Hazards Limited Occupancy Hazards Precautions Permit- Versus Non-Permit-Confined Spaces Requirements of a Written Program Permit System Entry Permits Training and Education Authorized Entrant s Duties Attendant s Duties Entry Supervisor s Duties 6

7 Emergencies Confined Space Regulations for Collection System Workers Trenching and Excavation Safety Ladder Safety Lifting Laboratory Safety Fire Safety Machine Safety Logout/Tagout Programs Traffic Safety Defensive Driving Drinking and Driving Cell Phone Usage Signage and Traffic Patterns Safety Considerations in Plant Design Accident Reporting and Investigation Occupational Safety and Health Administration 300 Logs Safety Programs and Administration Management Responsibilities Employee Responsibilities Training References 7

8 LIST OF TABLES 5.1 List of common chemicals found in wastewater treatment, their characteristics, and the most common immediate dangers they can pose to a wastewater employee. 5.2 A standard immunization program. 5.3 Suggested distances between common warning devices. LIST OF FIGURES 5.1 Tier 2 document. 5.2 Examples of common DOT placards. 5.3 Brief description of NFPA symbol system. 5.4 Other symbols, abbreviations, and words that some organizations use. 5.5 Permit-required confined space decision flowchart. 5.6 (a) Sample permit and (b) entrants log. 5.7 Fire triangle. 5.8 Illustrations of (a) 480v lockout device, (b) circuit breaker lockout device, (c) circuit breaker panel lockout device, and (d) electrical panel lockout device. 5.9 Supervisor s report of accident Description of accident Employee accident/incident report Log of work-related injuries and illnesses, OSHA form

9 5.13 Summary of work-related injuries and illnesses, OSHA form 300A Injuries and illnesses incident report, OSHA form

10 Preface This sixth edition of this chapter was produced under the direction of Michael D. Nelson, Chair. The principal author of this chapter is Roger A. Migchelbrink. The revised version of this chapter contains basic safety for the operations, maintenance, and administration of wastewater plants and collection systems. It includes new material on parasites and updated information on regulations. Authors' and reviewers' efforts were supported by the following organizations: Capital Environmental Engineering, North Reading, Massachusetts City of Delphos, Delphos, Ohio Mike Nelson Consulting Services LLC, Churchville, Pennsylvania 10