ETHANOL COOK STOVES IN KENYA

Transcription

1 ETHANOL COOK STOVES IN KENYA PRESENTATION TO AFDB WORKSHOP 11 TH APRIL 2017

2 CLIMATECARE Started in 1997, certified B Corporation Offices in UK, Kenya, India Work with corporate and government partners to develop and implement their carbon management strategies Develop carbon reduction projects, specialising in community energy access programmes that deliver sustainable development alongside emission reductions Founding members of ICROA the international voluntary carbon market industry alliance promoting best practices Strategic Partners of Gold Standard for Global Goals

3 PAMOJA LIFE ClimateCare has created Pamoja Life Distribution network of 120 employees across the country Selling and maintaining clean cooking stoves, solar home systems and other life-improving products Providing credit through employers, savings and credit co-operatives and even self help groups, which have little formal structure Developed a revolving fund model Credit is extended Goods are delivered Payments are made to employer and the funds are re-used

4 KENYA COOKING: BASELINE POSITION What is the need? Wood continues to be the primary source of energy in Kenya 3 stones fires in rural areas Charcoal in urban areas Both drive deforestation and create indoor air pollution Solutions need to: Increase individual, household and community resilience Improved health Household economy Reduce pressure on the local environment Protect jobs and create employment opportunities

5 TIER 4 COOKING SOLUTION A Tier 4 cooking stove has low indoor emissions This is best achieved by using a high grade fuel such as: Ethanol, Biomass Pellets, LPG or Electricity Ethanol and biomass pellets have the added benefit of being renewable Challenge is to change the cooking equipment and the cooking fuel at the same time, this takes extra effort and cost

6 CREATING A MARKET FOR ETHANOL COOKERS THE MODEL ClimateCare is using an innovative Revolving Fund model to create a new market for clean burning ethanol cookers in Kenya ADAPTATION BENEFITS Job Creation The distribution chain for ethanol fuel and cookers creates jobs for residents Improved Health The initial project will improve the health of over 8,000 families Empowering women Stoves cook cleaner and quicker reducing illness and freeing up time for work and study. Emissions Reductions 5 tonnes of CO 2 per year, per cooker

7 MAKING THE MODEL WORK Pamoja Life potential model: Workplace cooking club Revolving Fund with an employer or estate manager Members receive a cooker at no up front cost Cooker paid for through: Slight increase in cost of the fuel ABU Funding Overall, the cost to cook should be lower than the baseline Cooking experience should be better than the baseline Cooks should be incentivised to use only your fuel!

8 ADDING VALUE, REDUCING RISK Renewable energy reduces emissions by c.5 t CO 2 per year / household Switch from Charcoal to Ethanol Ratio to an Ethanol stove when measured in (mg/mj delivered) Ethanol Stove Kenya Ceramic Jiko (Charcoal Stove) Particulate matter 1 35 times Black Carbon 1 22 times Organic Carbon 1 37 times Change in Indoor Air Pollution 28% reduction in Kibera 68% reduction in Kisumu ADALYs averted per 1000 stoves per year 15 in Kibera 36 in Kisumu This result is because background pollution in Kibera is much higher and so people are exposed to high levels of pollution, even if they use an ethanol stove

9 ADAPTATION BENEFIT UNITS We propose that one family cooking with ethanol for a year be one ABU Health improvement can be demonstrated by the research above Monetary savings demonstrated vs. varying price of charcoal / kerosene from year to year Jobs created reported year to year Avoided degradation of the landscape, from reduced charcoal we suggest a standardised metric for this In above model, user pays for cooker over time (c. $70) but: ClimateCare needs to pay for that up front Cost of fuel cannot increase dramatically No outright subsidy (ie no free cooker) Cost to set up supply chain and fuel distribution ABU value c.$50 per family for three to four years