Review of Ozone Emissions. Reductions Processes

Transcription

1 Review of Ozone Emissions Inventory and Nonattainment Reductions Processes Peter Bella Peter Bella Alamo Area Council of Governments Air Improvement Resources Advisory Committee May 16, 2013

2 The Nested AQ Authorities Three effective jurisdictions and authorities in a nonattainment (NA) setting: 1. The local area. Subject to nonattainment rules and programs w/ NA boundaries determined by EPA. 2. The state. State: responsible the federal government for statewide FCAA compliance. State: discretion in controlling emissions sources outside NA areas and within the state, t i.e., areas not subject to NA rules, and discretion in determining remedies. 3. The federal. Interstate pollution transport rules beyond states jurisdiction & authority Pre-emptive control of some emissions sources, i.e., emissions standards for engine manufacture and federal fuel formulations to reduce on-road vehicle ce pollution. uto

3 The Past Few Years LOCAL San Antonio in 2013: Largest U.S. City In Ozone Attainment As the federal ozone o standard has become more stringent, our local monitored ozone values climb. 2008: New Ozone Standard Dec. 2013: Standard Review Source: Alamo Area Council of Governments San Antonio Express-News Graphic: "Bexar's air flunks again," SA Express-News: 4/24/13, Colin McDonald

4 Emission Trends for VOC and NOx in San Antonio / New Braunfels MSA 1996 to 2018 LOCAL ation y MSA Popula San Antonio 8-County Does Not Include Eagle Ford emissions

5 LOCAL Ozone Precursor Totals, 2008 & 2013, SA-NB MSA Tons Per Day NOx, Tons Per Day NOx, Tons Per Day VOC, Tons Per Day VOC, On Road Point Area Non Road Does Not Include Eagle Ford Emissions VOC 2013 VOC 2008 NOx 2013 NOx

6 Review of Sources LOCAL Controlling NOx is key to Controlling Ozone in the SA-NB MSA On-Road 53.1 Electricity it Generation NOx tons/d day Cement Industry Does Not Include Eagle Ford emissions 2013 NOx 2013 NOx Point Sources

7 Transport LOCAL / STATE / NATIONAL The Houston urban plume was observed through 163 miles of transport. Image courtesy of the Capital Area Council of Governments

8 Eagle Ford & SA NB MSA LOCAL / STATE Wells Permitted andcompleted in theeagle Ford Shale Play, April 15, Image Source: Texas Railroad Commission

9 LOCAL / STATE C23 Back Trajectories on Days with 8 Hour Ozone > 75 ppb and the Location of Eagle Ford, C23, or San Antonio Northwest C23, is a regulatory ozone monitoring site next door to Marshall High School in northwestern San Antonio. NOAA, Feb. 26, Realtime Environmental Applications and Display system (READY). Available online: Accessed 01/12/12.

10 LOCAL / STATE Eagle Ford Emissions Inventory Group Eagle Ford Emissions Inventory Group Workshops Alamo Area Council of Governments. San Antonio - May 21, 2012 & January 8, 2013 Workshop Purpose Begin the process of the development of an accurate emissions inventory of ozone precursors produced by oil and gas activities in the Eagle Ford. Emissions Inventory Purpose A partnership between the oil and gas industry and AACOG s technical air quality staff is critical for the success of the two distinct final deliverables: A protocol for an ozone precursor emissions inventory due to oil and gas activity in the Eagle Ford. An Eagle Ford emissions inventory for ozone precursors. AACOG will employ the results to refine the ozone photochemical model currently operated in-house. When the model is used to determine policy, decisions must be based on an analysis that is as accurate as possible. EFEIG Partners: Technical Representatives From These Companies Have Participated AACOG Alpha Terra Engineering Anadarko Petroleum Corporation Chesapeake Energy Corporation ConocoPhillips Energy Transfer Corporation EOG Resources, Inc. HOLT Cat Marathon Oil Company Pioneer Natural Resources Shell Exploration & Production Co. South Texas Energy & Economic Roundtable Texas A&M University System Texas Oil & Gas Association

11 Eagle Ford VOC and NO X Emissions by Source Category, 2012 DRAFT PLEASE DO NOT CITE OR QUOTE WITHOUT PERMISSION

12 LOCAL/STATE The SIP & The State Dallas-Fort Worth El Paso Austin San Antonio Tyler-Longview-Marshall Beaumont-Port Arthur Houston-Galveston-Brazoria Victoria Corpus Christi

13 LOCAL/STATE State Strategies, Local NA Measures Mobile Sources Air Quality Rules: Mobile Sources Reductions anywhere help to control transport everywhere.

14 LOCAL/STATE State Strategies, Local NA Measures Area Source Air Quality Rules: Area & Point Sources Point Sources

15 LOCAL/STATE DFW SIP revisions: May 23, 2007 TCEQ Rules Estimated Reductions by June 15, 2010 NOx (tpd) DFW Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Sources Rules 8.88 DFW Electric Generating Facilities 0.4 DFW Minor Sources 2.9 Cement Kilns 9.69 East Texas Combustion Sources 22.4 Total DFW Local Initiatives Estimated Reductions in 2009 NOx (tpd) Voluntary Mobile Emissions Reduction Program 2.63 Transportation Control Measures 1.53 Total 4.16 Federal Measures Estimated NOX Reductions in 2009 (tpd) NOx (tpd) On Road Non Road page iii, or page 3 of 199: May 23, 2007 Adoption of the DFW SIP revisions; Table ExSum-1: Summary of Control Strategy NOX Reduction Estimates for the DFW Eight-Hour Ozone Attainment Demonstration

16 LOCAL/STATE DFW SIP revisions: May 23, 2007 DFW Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Sources Rules New emission specifications for industrial, commercial, or institutional (ICI) boilers and gas turbines; duct burners used in turbine exhaust ducts; process heaters; stationary internal combustion engines; metallurgical heat treating furnaces; and incinerators i are consistent it twith current emission i specifications. New emission specifications are adopted for certain source categories in the DFW eight hour ozone nonattainment area that are not currently regulated by the state. Thesourcecategories categories to be newly regulated include includebrickand ceramickilns; lime kilns; reheat furnaces used in steel production; lead smelting blast (cupola) and reverberatory furnaces; glass melting furnaces; fiberglass and mineral wool fiber melting furnaces; fiberglass and wool fiber curing ovens; and natural gas fired heaters, ovens, and natural gas fired dryers used in organic solvent, printing ink, ceramic tile, clay, and brick drying, and calcining and vitrifying processes. page 4-3, or page 103 of 199: May 23, 2007 Adoption of the DFW SIP revisions

17 Cross State Air Pollution Rule July

18 The arrows show the "linkages" between upwind and downwind states. Arrows point from upwind states that contributed 1% of the NAAQS or more to nonattainment and/or maintenance in other downwind states. A key to these state linkages appears below.

19 LOCAL / STATE / NATIONAL Interstate Transport Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR) July 6, Finalized CSAPR required 28 states to reduce SO2 and/or NOX emissions to help attain the 1997 ozone and fine PM and 2006 fine PM NAAQS. August 21, US Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit vacated CSAPR, ruling that EPA exceeded its statutory authority in making the rule. March 29, The U.S. Solicitor General asked the Supreme Court to review D.C. Circuit Court decision CAIR remains in place States controlled for both fine particles (annual SO2 and NOx) and ozone (ozone season NOx) (20 states) States controlled for fine particles only (annual SO2 and NOx) (3 states) States controlled for ozone only (ozone season NOx) (5 states) States not covered by the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule

20 The Nested AQ Authorities Our local work: focus on local emissions. The most effective ozone controls, ton per ton, are local controls. Cleaner fuels, energy generation, efficiency. Required: Continuing partnerships with The state of Texas due to emission that come from within the state but beyond our region, and The EPA in order to reduce emissions that come from outside of our state, and federally pre empted sources (e.g., cars and trucks).