International Conference: Climate Risk Management HEALTH AND RISK MANAGEMENT. Mercy Borbor Viceministra Ministerio del Ambiente

Transcription

1 International Conference: Climate Risk Management HEALTH AND RISK MANAGEMENT Mercy Borbor Viceministra Ministerio del Ambiente

2 Climate Change in Ecuador Source: Second National Communication, 2011

3 Potential Impacts

4 Impacts in Ecuador 131 events in 1970's-2010's affected people droughts 1407 events in 1970's-2010's affected people floods Desinventar SNGR,2010 landslides 1050 event in 1970's-2010's affected people

5 Social Impacts

6 Management Health Risks and Impacts Heatwaves Effects Risk Management thermal stress Early Warning Systems Other services demanded Adaptation Measures Urban Heat Island Olas de Calor

7 Cold Waves Ecuador Effects Risk Management Lung Diseases Other services demanded Adaptation Measures Elderly and Children Vulnerable Groups Social Welfare Programs

8 + Social Welfare Programs Droughts Ecuador Effects Risk Management Decreases: food supply population migration Other services demanded Adaptation Measures Increases: 1) Malnutrition, 2) Poverty & Indigence + Employment + Nutrition

9 Floods Ecuador Effects Risk Management Property Losses Casualties Disabilities Water pollution Diarrhea Production losses

10 Vector-Borne Diseases Ecuador Effects Risk Management Changes in phenology (vectors) New vector distribution Others... Early Warning Systems Chagas... other vectors

11 Vector-Borne Diseases: Malaria Many studies agree that there is a direct relationship between increased temperature and higher rainfall (El Niño) with increasing cases of malaria. In Ecuador, El Niño Phenomenon (ENSO) boosted malaria cases to 84,000 by (during the 90's there were 60,000 cases of malaria per year). In 1997, there were 16,325 cases of malaria, increased significantly in 1998 to 42,987 and 70,052 cases in 1999 (because of ENSO).

12 Vulnerable People Children Homeless Population living in poverty Elderly

13 What are we doing in Ecuador?

14 Constitution of Ecuador 2008 Art.14: The right of the population to live in a healthy and ecologically balanced environment... Art. 395: Environmental management policies shall be applied cutting across all sectors and dimensions and shall be mandatory enforced by the State at all of its levels (legal entities and civil society) Art. 413: The State shall promote energy efficiency, the development and use of environmentally clean and healthy practices and technologies, as well as diversified and low-impact renewable sources of energy that do not jeopardize food sovereignty, the ecological balanced of the ecosystems or the right of water. Art. 414: The State shall adopt adequate and cross-cutting measures ofr the mitigacion of climate change, by limiting greenhouse gas emission, deforestation, and air pollution; it shall teake measures for the conservation of the forests and vegetation; and it shall protect the population at risk. 2 / 14

15 National Plan for Good Living National Objective 4: Policy 4.5. To promote the adaptation to and mitigation of the variability of weather and climate with an emphasis on the process of climate change. Policy 4.6. To reduce social and environmental vulnerability produced by natural and anthropic processes.

16 National Environmental Policy P2.4.3: Manage the adaptation to global warming to reduce social, economic and environmental vulnerability. Estrategias: Mitigate the impacts of global warming and other natural and manmade events in the population and ecosystems. Implement the integrated risk management to cope with the extreme events associated with global warming. Reduce emissions of the greenhouse effect in the productive and social sectors. 4 / 14

17 Decree 1815, Climate Change State Policy (July 2009) Article 1 Adaptation to and mitigation of climate change: State Policy "The Ministry of Environment will be responsible for formulating and implementing the national strategy and plan that can generate and impulse actions and measures to raise awareness in the country about the importance of fighting climate change that includes mechanisms of coordination at all levels of the State" 5 / 14

18 Decree 104 (October 2009) Art. 1: To include the Climate Change Undersecretary, as an added value unit that reports directly to the Minister and Deputy Minister of Environment... Mission: Leading the mitigation and adaptation of the country to tackle climate change, including the implementation of mechanisms to facilitate technology transfer, financing and communication. 11 / 14

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20 Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change To guide To coordinate To assessr Interagency working groups Inter-Agency Commitee on Climate Change Technical Secretariat (Undersecretary of Climate Change) Implementing agencies GADs Public entities Private entities

21 Estrategia de CC en validación CICC,2011 Climate Change Strategy VISION Strategic Axes General and Specific Objetives Priority Sectors To achieve this, we work in... Inter-Sectoral Inter-institutional Implementation Mechanism Where? Who? How? Capacity building Information generation and dissemination Involving civil society Technology Transfer and Financing

22 VISION Ecuador timely handling the challenges of climate change by 2030, guaranteeing the rights of nature and ensuring the good life (Buen Vivir). Strategic Axes Reduce social, economic, and environmental vulnerability to climate change impacts. Health Priority Sectors Ecosystems SECTORS Food Sovereignty Water Resources Implementation Mechanism National Adaptati on Plan COMO? Capacity building Information generation and dissemination Involving civil society Implementation of measures Policy Building Plan

23 Ecuadorian programs to help prevent health risks associated with Comprehensive Care (Child, Youth and Senior) Intercultural Health (Strengthening Medical System) Development of Science and Technology in Health Implementation of the Integrated Epidemiological Surveillance Ecuador - Food Supply Millennium Educational Units Emergency Solidarity Protection Network Care for Children and Families at Risk and Emergency (INFA) Prevention of Vectorborne diseases Alimentate Ecuador Environmental Health Food Supply Program

24 Ecuadorian programs to help prevent health risks associated with Housing Voucher Socio Vivienda Popular Finance Programme, Entrepreneurship and Economic Solidarity Interconnected Social Programs Microfinance Strategy for sustainable land management and adaptation to climate change in Ecuador Human Development Voucher Agenda social Ministerio de Cordinación de Desarrollo Social

25 Towards to a Health Programme, Climate Change and Risk Management Objective 1. collection Test Case: El Oro and information analysis (climate - health) Objective 2. system Information (Climate and Health) Objective 4. State Policy Objective 3. Surveillance and control of climate sensitive diseases System

26 Health Challenges and Risks Include risks and CC approach in government programs. Coordination between different levels of government, academia and civil society.. Training on climate change (at diferent government levels and civil society) Develop a civic culture society (risk and CC) Local health research and climate change

27 Opportunities for Health and CC Develop comprehensive models of health Generate a local research Opportunities on Information Technology (cell phones, telemedicine, internet, etc) Previous experience with eco-epidemiological models (Sistema Nacional de Erradicación de la Malaria)

28 Actions Started Predictability of malaria in Ecuadorian Coast Strengthen Health Working Group and CC Models of Climate and Health (Dengue) Microfinance Strategy for sustainable land management and adaptation to climate change.

29 Actions Started National Awareness and Communication of Climate Change Plan. Training modules for water users on Water Resources and Climate Change Capacity Building National Climate Change Strategy

30 Thank You