INDOOR AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT

Transcription

1 INDOOR AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT Biddeford Intermediate School Biddeford Primary School JFK Memorial Kindergarten Center Biddeford High School Air Quality Management Services, Inc. PREPARED FOR Biddeford School Department C/o Mr. Phil Radding PO Box Main Street Biddeford, Maine Date of Inspection April 7 th & April 10 th, 2009 AQM PROJECT # Paul S. Jurgiewich Industrial Hygienist OFFICE: PO Box 865, Gray, Maine Phone Fax

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS A Biddeford High School PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION Air Sample Analysis B JFK Memorial Kindergarten Center PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION Air Sample Analysis C Biddeford Primary School PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION Air Sample Analysis D Biddeford Intermediate School PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION Air Sample Analysis GENERAL INDOOR AIR QUALITY GUIDELINES AND TESTING METHODOLOGIES COMPACT DISC Report AQM

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4 AQM SUMMARY REPORT: Project # A Report Type: IAQ Inspection Date: April 7 th, 2009 Onsite Industrial Hygienist: Paul S. Jurgiewich Client: Biddeford School Department Property: Biddeford High School Mr. Phil Radding Mailing Address: PO Box 1865 Biddeford, Maine Location: 20 Maplewood Avenue Biddeford, Maine Reason: Pro-active air quality evaluation Actions to Date: No Known Actions To Date Repairs Made See Comments Installed Fresh-air Source and/or Air Exchange Unit Cleaned Mechanical System - including Ductwork Mechanical System Filter(s) Changed Carpeting Cleaned / Extracted / Treated Area(s) HEPA Vacuumed and Damp Dusted HEPA Air Cleaners Installed - Portable Water-damaged Materials Removed See Comments Dehumidifier Installed Other: TESTING Sampling Decision Logic Air samples were collected to determine airborne influences. Surface samples were collected to characterize suspect contamination. Comments: None RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES TESTING METHOD Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) ASHRAE 1000 ppm Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Airborne Mold OSHA 5000 ppm AQ 5000 Gray Wolf DirectSense ASHRAE 9 ppm Carbon Monoxide (CO) 100 Surface Mold OSHA 50 ppm AQ 5000 Relative Humidity (%) ASHRAE 30 60% Gray Wolf DirectSense Airborne 100 Particulate AQ 5000 Gray Wolf DirectSense Optimal Recommended Summer F 100 Temperatures ( F) AQ 5000 Winter F WBGT Special Conditions Noted None # of Air Samples 14 # of Surface Samples 0 # of Bulk Samples FINDINGS Air Quality Monitoring Readings Location CO 2 (ppm) CO (ppm) Temp. F Allergenco-D AQM All Rights Reserved AQM 1 of 2 N6 Tape Swab ARTI HHPC-6 NIOSH/EPA 0 # of Swab Samples 0 Particulates RH% 0.3um 0.5um 0.7um 1.0um 2.0um 5.0um Pre-Ambient Media Center Room Room Room Room Post-Ambient Room Room Room Room Room Room Room Fungi Samples / Air Quality Testing - See laboratory results for details Results are as follows: Air Samples: Surface Samples: Concentrations similar to outdoor control (Sample A1) Concentrations above background (outdoor control) Trace Low Moderate High Air sample analysis suggests surface contamination is influencing the overall airborne fungal burden. No fungi detected for surfaces tested No surfaces tested Fungal Growth Detected Trace Low Moderate High Personal contents have visible fungal growth or impact. Fungal contamination appears to be isolated to surfaces with minimal airborne influences.

5 AQM Project # A Fungi Samples / Air Quality Testing (Continued) Comments: The air samples collected the day of the evaluation revealed that airborne mold spore levels within the school building (as sampled) were not elevated relative to the outdoor control and/or typical levels seen in occupied indoor environments. Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, temperature, and relative humidity were within ASHRAE comfort guidelines and/or similar to ambient control levels with exception to the carbon dioxide in classrooms 116, 200, 115, 14, 13, 113, 114, and 103 (highlighted above). These classrooms exceeded the ASHRAE Carbon Dioxide upper recommended threshold of 1278 ppm (highest ambient reading plus 700 ppm). The Particulate readings for all areas evaluated indicated there were concentrations exceeding the ambient comparative levels, likely due to high activity in some areas but also indicating the need for either filter changes, system cleanings, and/or increased housekeeping efforts which should include HEPA vacuuming and damp dusting of accessible surfaces. Concentrations of Carbon Dioxide and Particulates do not suggest a significant risk is present, although do suggest actions are warranted to reduce factors that may cause irritations. In General, Headaches and fatigue can occur given extent and duration of exposure (8-hour work shift) in the areas with elevated carbon dioxide levels. Carbon Dioxide can be controlled by increasing fresh-air introduction and air exchange rates. Observations: Most of the classrooms have ongoing moisture intrusion issues around the exterior window systems resulting in stained ceiling tiles and moisture impacted wall/cabinet materials. At the time of the evaluation Room 14 had standing water on the floor reportedly from the cement foundation wall system. Comments: Remove & replace or repair affected window systems. Remove and replace stained or water-damaged materials following repairs to eliminate water intrusion. Controlled removal of materials may be warranted to minimize contact with mold contamination if present. RECOMMENDATIONS Ensure adequate fresh-air source to mechanical system with a minimum of 20 cfm of filtered fresh-air per occupant. Ensure the system filters are pleated with an efficiency rating of at least 40% (or greater) and properly sized for the system. Consult a Professional Engineer or Qualified Contractor to determine the appropriate mechanical system modifications. The HVAC system should be cleaned (including the ductwork) based on the report that the system has not been cleaned since the original install. The HVAC system should be part of a maintenance plan that includes monthly inspections of the filters and total system cleanings every three (3) to five (5) years, based on location and environmental influences. Enlist the services of an HVAC Cleaning Contractor that is competent / knowledgeable with NADCA ACR-2005 Cleaning Standards. Upgrade Housekeeping - Detail clean (HEPA vacuum & damp dust) to control dust / particulate levels within the heating cabinets. A resilient floor covering (vinyl tile / linoleum) or like product should be considered as a finished floor covering to afford ease of maintenance and resists moisture influences. Control water intrusion into area / space. Mold Remediation Should be undertaken by a qualified Contractor in accordance with the IICRC S520 Standard or other similarly recognized protocols. See Comments and CAD Drawings if Provided. Areas of immediate impact should be isolated from the unaffected areas of the building to prevent contaminant communications thus limiting damages and exposure risks. High Temperature Steam Clean and Treat all carpeting and ensure areas are rapidly dried to reduce microbial influences. Comments: Remove and replace or repair affected window systems. Remove and replace stained or water-damaged materials following repairs to eliminate water intrusion. Controlled removal of materials may be warranted to minimize contact with mold contamination if present. Based on the physical evaluation and the analytical results (for fungi), no actions are warranted. Carbon dioxide and particulates - Ventilation adjustments / maintenance and proper operation may improve comfort levels. END OF SECTION AQM All Rights Reserved AQM 2 of 2

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7 AQM SUMMARY REPORT: Project # B Report Type: IAQ Inspection Date: April 7 th, 2009 Onsite Industrial Hygienist: Paul S. Jurgiewich Client: Biddeford School Department Property: JFK Memorial Kindergarten Center Mr. Phil Radding Mailing Address: PO Box 1865 Biddeford, Maine Location: 64 West Street Biddeford, Maine Reason: Pro-active air quality evaluation Actions to Date: No Known Actions To Date Repairs Made See Comments Installed Fresh-air Source and/or Air Exchange Unit Cleaned Mechanical System - including Ductwork Mechanical System Filter(s) Changed Carpeting Cleaned / Extracted / Treated Area(s) HEPA Vacuumed and Damp Dusted HEPA Air Cleaners Installed - Portable Water-damaged Materials Removed See Comments Dehumidifier Installed Other: Comments: None TESTING Sampling Decision Logic Air samples were collected to determine airborne influences. Surface samples were collected to characterize suspect contamination. Comments: None RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES TESTING METHOD Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) ASHRAE 1000 ppm Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Allergenco-D Airborne Mold OSHA 5000 ppm AQ 5000 N6 Carbon Monoxide (CO) ASHRAE 9 ppm Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Tape Surface Mold OSHA 50 ppm AQ 5000 Swab Relative Humidity (%) ASHRAE 30 60% ARTI HHPC- Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Airborne 6 Particulate AQ 5000 NIOSH/EPA Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Optimal Recommended Summer F AQ 5000 Temperatures ( F) Winter F WBGT Special Conditions Noted None # of Air Samples 3 # of Surface Samples 0 # of Bulk Samples 0 # of Swab Samples 0 FINDINGS Air Quality Monitoring Readings Particulates CO Location 2 CO Temp. RH% 0.3um 0.5um 0.7um 1.0um 2.0um 5.0um (ppm) (ppm) F Pre-Ambient Room Room Post-Ambient Fungi Samples / Air Quality Testing - See laboratory results for details Results are as follows: Air Samples: Concentrations similar to outdoor control (Sample A1) Concentrations above background (outdoor control) Trace Low Moderate High Air sample analysis suggests surface contamination is influencing the overall airborne fungal burden. Surface Samples: Comments: Observations: No fungi detected for surfaces tested No surfaces tested Fungal Growth Detected Trace Low Moderate High Personal contents have visible fungal growth or impact. Fungal contamination appears to be isolated to surfaces with minimal airborne influences. The air samples collected the day of the evaluation revealed that airborne mold spore levels within the school building (as sampled) were not elevated relative to the outdoor control and/or typical levels seen in occupied indoor environments. Room 13 had ten (10) children and Room 11 had 13 children up to 15 minutes before the evaluation. Children were in cafeteria during the evaluation and the doors were open. The presence of the children would likely have inceased CO2 levels to above the recommeded comfort threshold in Room 13. AQM All Rights Reserved AQM 1 of 2

8 AQM Project # B Fungi Samples / Air Quality Testing (Continued) Comments: Particulate levels, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, temperatures, and relative humidity were within comfort guidelines and/or similar to ambient control levels documented. The ASHRAE upper threshold limit for Carbon Dioxide is the highest Ambient concentration plus 700 ppm or 1305 ppm in this case. All readings noted were below the upper threshold noted. RECOMMENDATIONS Ensure adequate fresh-air source to mechanical system with a minimum of 20 cfm of filtered fresh-air per occupant. Ensure the system filters are pleated with an efficiency rating of at least 40% (or greater) and properly sized for the system. Consult a Professional Engineer or Qualified Contractor to determine the appropriate mechanical system modifications. The HVAC system should be cleaned (including the ductwork) based on the report that the system has not been cleaned since the original install. The HVAC system should be part of a maintenance plan that includes monthly inspections of the filters and total system cleanings every three (3) to five (5) years, based on location and environmental influences. Enlist the services of an HVAC Cleaning Contractor that is competent / knowledgeable with NADCA ACR-2005 Cleaning Standards. Upgrade Housekeeping - Detail clean (HEPA vacuum & damp dust) to control dust / particulate levels in heating cabinets. A resilient floor covering (vinyl tile / linoleum) or like product should be considered as a finished floor covering to afford ease of maintenance and resists moisture influences. Control water intrusion into area / space. Mold Remediation Should be undertaken by a qualified Contractor in accordance with the IICRC S520 Standard or other similarly recognized protocols. See Comments and CAD Drawings if Provided. Areas of immediate impact should be isolated from the unaffected areas of the building to prevent contaminant communications thus limiting damages and exposure risks. High Temperature Steam Clean and Treat all carpeting and ensure areas are rapidly dried to reduce microbial influences. Comments: Based on the physical evaluation and the analytical results (for fungi) no actions are warranted. Ventilation adjustments / maintenance and proper operation may improve comfort levels. END OF SECTION AQM All Rights Reserved AQM 2 of 2

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10 AQM SUMMARY REPORT: Project # C Report Type: IAQ Inspection Date: April 7 th, 2009 Onsite Industrial Hygienist: Paul S. Jurgiewich Client: Biddeford School Department Property: Biddeford Primary School Mr. Phil Radding Mailing Address: PO Box 1865 Biddeford, Maine Location: 320 Hill Street Biddeford, Maine Reason: Pro-active air quality evaluation Actions to Date: No Known Actions To Date Repairs Made See Comments Installed Fresh-air Source and/or Air Exchange Unit Cleaned Mechanical System - including Ductwork Mechanical System Filter(s) Changed Carpeting Cleaned / Extracted / Treated Area(s) HEPA Vacuumed and Damp Dusted HEPA Air Cleaners Installed - Portable Water-damaged Materials Removed See Comments Dehumidifier Installed Other: Comments: None TESTING Sampling Decision Logic Air samples were collected to determine airborne influences. Surface samples were collected to characterize suspect contamination. Comments: None RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES TESTING METHOD Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) ASHRAE 1000 ppm Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Allergenco-D Airborne Mold OSHA 5000 ppm AQ 5000 N6 Carbon Monoxide (CO) ASHRAE 9 ppm Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Tape Surface Mold OSHA 50 ppm AQ 5000 Swab Relative Humidity (%) ASHRAE 30 60% ARTI HHPC- Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Airborne 6 Particulate AQ 5000 NIOSH/EPA Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Optimal Recommended Summer F AQ 5000 Temperatures ( F) Winter F WBGT Special Conditions Noted Rain # of Air Samples 5 # of Surface Samples 0 # of Bulk Samples 0 # of Swab Samples 0 FINDINGS Air Quality Monitoring Readings Particulates CO Location 2 CO Temp. RH% 0.3um 0.5um 0.7um 1.0um 2.0um 5.0um (ppm) (ppm) F Pre-Ambient Room Room Room Room Post-Ambient Fungi Samples / Air Quality Testing - See laboratory results for details Results are as follows: Air Samples: Concentrations similar to outdoor control (Sample A1) Concentrations above background (outdoor control) Trace (mixed types) Low Moderate High Air sample analysis suggests surface contamination is influencing the overall airborne fungal burden. Surface Samples: Comments: Observations: No fungi detected for surfaces tested No surfaces tested Fungal Growth Detected Trace Low Moderate High Personal contents have visible fungal growth or impact. Fungal contamination appears to be isolated to surfaces with minimal airborne influences. The air samples collected the day of the evaluation revealed that airborne mold spore levels within the school building (as sampled) were not significantly elevated relative to the outdoor control and/or typical levels seen in occupied indoor environments. Fungal fragments and mixed spore types were slightly (trace) elevated in all areas, likely resulting from settled dust and particulates from outdoor air. Typical occupent density was not represented on the day of the evaluation. AQM All Rights Reserved AQM 1 of 2

11 AQM Project # C Fungi Samples / Air Quality Testing (Continued) Comments: Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, temperature, and relative humidity were within ASHRAE comfort guidelines and/or similar to ambient control levels with exception to the carbon dioxide in three of the classrooms evaluated. The classrooms (except Room 3 & 102) exceeded the ASHRAE Carbon Dioxide upper recommended threshold of 1260 ppm (highest ambient reading plus 700 ppm). The Particulate readings for all areas evaluated indicated there were concentrations exceeding the ambient comparative levels which may be in some cases related to occupant activity but in general indicate the need for either filter changes, system cleanings, and/or increased housekeeping efforts which should include HEPA vacuuming and damp dusting of accessible surfaces. Concentration of Carbon Dioxide and Particulates do not suggest a significant risk is present, although do suggest actions are warranted to reduce factors that may cause irritations. In General, Headaches and fatigue can occur given extent and duration of exposure (8-hour work shift) in the areas with elevated carbon dioxide levels. Carbon Dioxide can be controlled by increasing fresh-air introduction and air exchange rates. Whenever feasible windows should remain in the closed position. HVAC systems are designed to operate with windows and doors closed to efficiently exchange air to reduce carbon dioxide concentrations and filter out / reduce contaminants and particulates. When windows remain in the open position, the effectiveness of the ventilation is compromised and overall testing is not representative of conditions anticipated by design. RECOMMENDATIONS Ensure adequate fresh-air source to mechanical system with a minimum of 20 cfm of filtered fresh-air per occupant. Ensure the system filters are pleated with an efficiency rating of at least 40% (or greater) and properly sized for the system. Consult a Professional Engineer or Qualified Contractor to determine the appropriate mechanical system modifications. The HVAC system should be cleaned (including the ductwork) based on the report that the system has not been cleaned since the original install. The HVAC system should be part of a maintenance plan that includes monthly inspections of the filters and total system cleanings every three (3) to five (5) years, based on location and environmental influences. Enlist the services of an HVAC Cleaning Contractor that is competent / knowledgeable with NADCA ACR-2005 Cleaning Standards. Upgrade Housekeeping - Detail clean (HEPA vacuum & damp dust) to control dust / particulate levels in heating cabinets. A resilient floor covering (vinyl tile / linoleum) or like product should be considered as a finished floor covering to afford ease of maintenance and resists moisture influences. Control water intrusion into area / space. Mold Remediation Should be undertaken by a qualified Contractor in accordance with the IICRC S520 Standard or other similarly recognized protocols. See Comments and CAD Drawings if Provided. Areas of immediate impact should be isolated from the unaffected areas of the building to prevent contaminant communications thus limiting damages and exposure risks. High Temperature Steam Clean and Treat all carpeting and ensure areas are rapidly dried to reduce microbial influences. Comments: Based on the physical evaluation and the analytical results (for fungi) no actions are warranted. Ventilation adjustments / maintenance and proper operation may improve comfort levels. Room 3: The Teacher in this room has experianced respiratory discomfort warrenting the evaluation. Based on analytical results the Room's air quality is within the comfort limits and fungal levels are less than ambient levels. During the evaluation it was noted that the Teacher's desk is placed directly under one of the rooms two air conditioners, and air was directly impacting her head. Air conditioned air can cause direct discomfort as well as dry mucous membranes, resulting in respiratory irritation. This air should be re-directed or the desk should be relocated. END OF SECTION AQM All Rights Reserved AQM 2 of 2

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13 AQM SUMMARY REPORT: Project # D Report Type: IAQ Inspection Date: April 10 th, 2009 Onsite Industrial Hygienist: Paul S. Jurgiewich Client: Biddeford School Department Property: Biddeford Intermediate School Mr. Phil Radding Mailing Address: PO Box 1865 Biddeford, Maine Location: 335 Hill Street Biddeford, Maine Reason: Pro-active air quality evaluation Actions to Date: No Known Actions To Date Repairs Made See Comments Installed Fresh-air Source and/or Air Exchange Unit Cleaned Mechanical System - including Ductwork Mechanical System Filter(s) Changed Carpeting Cleaned / Extracted / Treated Area(s) HEPA Vacuumed and Damp Dusted HEPA Air Cleaners Installed - Portable Water-damaged Materials Removed See Comments Dehumidifier Installed Other: Comments: None TESTING Sampling Decision Logic Air samples were collected to determine airborne influences. Surface samples were collected to characterize suspect contamination. Comments: None RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES TESTING METHOD Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) ASHRAE 1000 ppm Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Allergenco-D Airborne Mold OSHA 5000 ppm AQ 5000 N6 Carbon Monoxide (CO) ASHRAE 9 ppm Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Tape Surface Mold OSHA 50 ppm AQ 5000 Swab Relative Humidity (%) ASHRAE 30 60% ARTI HHPC- Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Airborne 6 Particulate AQ 5000 NIOSH/EPA Gray Wolf DirectSense 100 Optimal Recommended Summer F AQ 5000 Temperatures ( F) Winter F WBGT Special Conditions Noted None # of Air Samples 5 # of Surface Samples 0 # of Bulk Samples 0 # of Swab Samples 0 FINDINGS Air Quality Monitoring Readings Particulates CO Location 2 CO Temp. RH% 0.3um 0.5um 0.7um 1.0um 2.0um 5.0um (ppm) (ppm) F Pre-Ambient Room Room Room Post-Ambient Fungi Samples / Air Quality Testing - See laboratory results for details Results are as follows: Air Samples: Concentrations similar to outdoor control (Sample A1) Concentrations above background (outdoor control) Trace (mixed types) Low Moderate High Air sample analysis suggests surface contamination is influencing the overall airborne fungal burden. Surface Samples: No fungi detected for surfaces tested No surfaces tested Fungal Growth Detected Trace Low Moderate High Personal contents have visible fungal growth or impact. Fungal contamination appears to be isolated to surfaces with minimal airborne influences. AQM All Rights Reserved AQM 1 of 2

14 AQM Project # D Fungi Samples / Air Quality Testing (Continued) Comments: The air samples collected the day of the evaluation revealed that airborne mold spore levels within the school building (as sampled) were not significantly elevated relative to the outdoor control and/or typical levels seen in occupied indoor environments. Fungal fragments and mixed spore types were slightly (trace) elevated in all areas, likely resulting from settled dust and particulates from outdoor air. Carbon monoxide, temperature, and relative humidity were within ASHRAE comfort guidelines and/or similar to ambient control levels documented for Rooms 107 and 211. However, all three exceeded the ASHRAE upper recommended threshold of 1407 ppm (highest ambient reading plus 700 ppm). The Particulate readings for these areas indicated there were concentrations exceeding the ambient comparative levels which may be due to occupant activities but in general indicate the need for either filter changes, system cleanings, and/or increased housekeeping efforts which should include HEPA vacuuming and damp dusting of accessible surfaces. Concentration of Carbon Dioxide and Particulates do not suggest a significant risk is present, although do suggest actions are warranted to reduce factors that may cause irritations. In General, Headaches and fatigue can occur given extent and duration of exposure (8-hour work shift) in the areas with elevated carbon dioxide levels. Carbon Dioxide can be controlled by increasing fresh-air introduction and air exchange rates. Observations: Windows & doors were open in all three rooms for up to 10 minutes before the evaluation. Comments: Whenever feasible windows should remain in the closed position. HVAC systems are designed to operate with windows and doors closed to efficiently exchange air to reduce carbon dioxide concentrations and filter out / reduce contaminants and particulates. When windows remain in the open position, the effectiveness of the ventilation is compromised and overall testing is not representative of conditions anticipated by design. RECOMMENDATIONS Ensure adequate fresh-air source to mechanical system with a minimum of 20 cfm of filtered fresh-air per occupant. Ensure the system filters are pleated with an efficiency rating of at least 40% (or greater) and properly sized for the system. Consult a Professional Engineer or Qualified Contractor to determine the appropriate mechanical system modifications. The HVAC system should be cleaned (including the ductwork) based on the report that the system has not been cleaned since the original install. The HVAC system should be part of a maintenance plan that includes monthly inspections of the filters and total system cleanings every three (3) to five (5) years, based on location and environmental influences. Enlist the services of an HVAC Cleaning Contractor that is competent / knowledgeable with NADCA ACR-2005 Cleaning Standards. Upgrade Housekeeping - Detail clean (HEPA vacuum & damp dust) to control dust / particulate levels in heating cabinets. A resilient floor covering (vinyl tile / linoleum) or like product should be considered as a finished floor covering to afford ease of maintenance and resists moisture influences. Control water intrusion into area / space. Mold Remediation Should be undertaken by a qualified Contractor in accordance with the IICRC S520 Standard or other similarly recognized protocols. See Comments and CAD Drawings if Provided. Areas of immediate impact should be isolated from the unaffected areas of the building to prevent contaminant communications thus limiting damages and exposure risks. High Temperature Steam Clean and Treat all carpeting and ensure areas are rapidly dried to reduce microbial influences. Comments: Based on the physical evaluation and the analytical results (for fungi) no actions are warranted. Ventilation adjustments / maintenance and proper operation may improve comfort levels. END OF SECTION AQM All Rights Reserved AQM 2 of 2

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