Te Manaaki Te Awanui Charitable Trust

Transcription

1 Te Manaaki Te Awanui Charitable Trust

2 Manaaki Taha Moana Restoring and enhancing coastal ecosystems and their services of importance to Hapu and Iwi. How can we best enhance and restore the value and resilience of coastal ecosystems so that it makes a positive contribution to Iwi identity.

3 Manaaki Taha Moana Projects

4 Mediated Modeling Stakeholder Led workshops in 2010/11 System Dynamics model of harbour built Highlighted key variables such as Sedimentation, Climate Change, Seagrass Loss, Nutrient build up Led to Summer 2011 ecological survey with emphasis on intertidal sampling and cultural values in environmental monitoring Helped identify for further research to invest/co-invest to get better results

5 Tauranga Harbour Ecological Survey Identify hot spots where marine ecology may be at risk. Analyse data to determine what are the main stressors that cause ecological degradation. Provides information to determine best land management and restoration initiatives.

6 Data Collection Collect Sediment Core Samples; - Quantify animals within sediment - Grain size - Total organic carbon - Nutrients - Heavy metals - Chlorophyll a (food) Quadratic Photographs; - Identify macro algae (e.g. sea lettuce, sea grass, mangrove) - Count animals on surface (epifauna)

7 Survey Data Quantify current health of harbour; - Biodiversity - Presence or loss of key species (shellfish) Link changes in communities with changes in key anthropogenic stressors. Develop a Benthic Health Index that can be used to track degradation or improvements over time.

8 Species Specific & Benthic Health Models Inform future research in Tauranga Harbour Areas for potential research include; Areas for potential research include; - Changes in shellfish populations - Loss of seagrass habitats - Spread of mangrove areas

9 Sites 75 sites consisting of ten replicated core samples per site (750 Core Samples) Focused in the intertidal zone Includes 12 shellfish beds

10 Low tide Bowentown Pacific Ocean Normal Pesticides Seagrass Shellfish North Island ± km Mt Maunganui

11 Sediment grain-size Most sites predominantly sandy except Sites 37 (MotungaioIsland), 38 (Ngakautuakina), 48 (Omokoroa), which were mainly mud Highest silt content at Sites 48 (pesticides), 38 (pesticides) and 37 (normal) = 76, 49, 48% Lowest silt content at Sites 20 (normal), 60 (low)and 18 (normal) = <0.1, 0.6, 1.3% Organic content Highest AFDW at Sites 48 (pesticides), 50 (pesticides) and 37 (normal) = 10, 4.5, 4.5% Lowest AFDW at Sites 18, 25, 9 (normal) = 0.89, 0.91, 1%

12 Bowentown ± Site 9 Pacific Ocean North Island Site 18 Site 20 Site 60 Site 25 Site 37 Mt Maunganui Site 38 Site 48 Site km

13 Nutrients (N & P) Nitrogen tended to be highest at pesticide sites with all pesticide sites in the top 14 TN concentrations TN was highest at Sites 48, 10 and 50 (all pesticides) = 1900, 1000, 920 mg/kg TN was lowest at Sites 18, 25 and 74 (all normal sites) = 140, 180, 180 mg/kg Phosphorus also tended to have higher concentrations at pesticide sites but the correlation was not as strong TP was highest at Sites 48, 10 and 14 (all pesticides) = 580, 340, 330 mg/kg TP was lowest at Sites 25, 18 & 9 (all normal sites) = 51, 53, 78 mg/kg

14 TN (mg/kg) Bowentown Pacific Ocean < > 1000 North Island ± km Mt Maunganui

15 TP (mg/kg) Bowentown Pacific Ocean < >500 North Island ± km Mt Maunganui

16 Metals All metals well below ANZECC ISQG (low trigger = Cu 65, Pb50 and Zn 200 mg/kg) Site 48 (pesticides) had the highest Cu (6.1 mg/kg) and Pb(13 mg/kg) concentrations and the second highest Zn (46 mg/kg) concentration Site 10 (pesticides) had the second highest Cu (3 mg/kg) and Pb(5.6 mg/kg) concentrations Site 49 (seagrass) had the highest Zn concentration Chla No obvious correlation between Chla concentrations and site type/nutrients Highest at Sites 55 (normal), 56 (shellfish) and 71 (low) = 16000, 15000, ug/kg Lowest at Sites 18 (normal), 10 (pesticides) and 15 (seagrass) = 210, 1100, 1200 ug/kg

17 Bowentown ± Site 10 (Cu, Pb, TN, TP) Pacific Ocean North Island Site 14 (TP) Site 49 (Zn) Site 48 (Cu, Pb TN, TP) Site 50 (TN) Sites 55 & 56 High Chla Mt Maunganui km Site 71 High Chla

18 Next Stage for Results Measures impacts with biodiversity abundance Develop a benthic health index Build a report card based on benthic ecosystem health based on land based impacts

19 Shellfish Survey Base Line of shellfish stocks Focus on Pipi and Tuangi Understand population structures and recruitment patterns Examine impacts from land on population structures and recruitment Examine Metals (Zinc, Copper, Lead, Arsenic) Sediment inputs Nutrient inputs PAH s

20 Sites Completed Northern Harbour Pipi (green) & Tuangi (Red) Sites were aimed to be at various distances away from Bowentown entrance Gives indication of population structures along tidal flush system of northern harbour

21 Sites Completed Southern Harbour Pipi (green) & Tuangi (Red) Sites were aimed to be at various distances away from Bowentown entrance Gives indication of population structures along tidal flush system of northern harbour More sites than northern harbour

22 Coastal Cultural Health Index Aims are focused at providing hapū and iwi of Te Awanui with a practical guide for developing a Coastal Cultural Health Index (CCHI) that can be used to acknowledge and value Mātauranga Māorias an environmental management tool. Uses Amonitoring tool for iwi and hapū use Build robust and justifiable information on the health of Te Awanui Form baseline information from a cultural perspective of the environmental integraty of Te Awanui. This may assist exercising kaitiakitanga, development of iwi/hapū management plans, development of iwi/hapū basedstate of the Environment (SOE) reports, identifyingenvironmental trends sensitive to Māori values, identifyingareas for enhancement and rehabilitation, compare and/or validate with western forms of science and, ultimately inform policy making decisions in local and regional government.

23 Indicator development methods Indicators are developed by hapu This is guided by three formats Three Formats 1. Te Kupenga Tairoa Framework 2. Principles of Mātauranga Māori Research 3. Data Management Protocol

24 Te Kupenga Tairoa Framework Ngā Wahanga Ngā Taura Here Te Kupenga Ngā Punga Ngā Pōito Ko Te Kikokiko Ngā Whainga Literature Review To conduct a literature review to establish the foundations for the development of CCHI Tauranga Moana Tauranga Tangata Customary Case Studies To acknowledge the value of Matauranga Māori for CCHI development. To customise CCHI for Te Awanu based on hapu feedback. TodevelopCCHIuniqueandspecifictoTeAwanuianditspeople. Collaborative Analysis/ Draft CCHI for Te Awanui To conduct a collaborative and comparative analysis of Tauranga Moana, Tauranga Tangata Customary Case Studies with the literature review findings. To develop draft CCHI. CCHI Trial Study/ CCHI Refinement Design a working plan for trailing the draft CCHI. TotestandrefinedraftsetofCCHIforTeAwanui. To conduct trial study of CCHI. Final CCHI for Te Awanui Report To produce final CCHI Report. TofinaliseasetofCCHIforTeAwanui(CCHItoolkit).

25 Principles of Matauranga Maori Research Tino Rangatiratanga - The Principle of Selfdetermination Tikanga/ Kawa -The Principles of Conduct Taonga Tuku Iho - The Principle of Cultural Aspiration Kotahitanga - The Principle of Collaboration Whanaungatanga The Principle of Building Relationships Āta - The Principle of Respect Manaakitanga/Kaitiakitanga The Principle of Care and Guardianship Māramatanga - The Principle of Understanding

26 Data Management Protocol Acknowledges the significance of Mātauranga Māori and the responsibility tangata whenua have as kaitiaki of their hapū knowledge. The key considerations regarding the management and security of Mātauranga Māori Data collection within MTM Data Management Tangata Whenua rights /Intellectual Property of Mātauranga Māori Information dissemination

27 Indicators Developed Indicators are aimed to stem from hapu temporal observations This shows hapu uniqueness within Te Awanui Indicators are then put in a weighting system This ensures that indicators can be measured and compared against CCHI Categories Cultural Environmental Mahinga Mataitai

28 Web based GIS mapping Server and website Digitally display the physical environments (before, after and present) using the 3DPM Table Digitally display biodiversity change in relation to cumulative impacts Develop a Web Mapping Server with Localised base layer and relevant GIS layers for wastewater project from multiple sources to create a visual database and storyboard. Development of website with communication and social networking functions to communicate to stakeholder Ability to deploy an online secured Repository (library) with searchable functions Ability to deploy a audio visual platform

29 Kapowai-1 : Aerial Droid Creating a visual database of relevantareas to this project (similar to Google street view) Creation of relevant fly through of portions of the harbour. Ability to access and visualise GIS layers on the online map server. We will gather imagery using a drone (Kapowai) as below

30 Display Visual and GIS layers on the 3DPMTable of Tauranga harbour