CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen 2012

Transcription

1 CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen 2012 SC C2 System Control and Operation Susana de Graaff en Roy Besselink Arnhem, August 2012 CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August 2012

2 Preferential Subjects SC C2 in 2012: PS1 - Methods to overcome operation challenges caused by the combination of intermittent generation and changes in electrical loads behaviour from a TSO perspective - Methods to improve the awareness of the overall status of the interconnected system and the coordination of TSO actions CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

3 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 Repower Systems, McGill University, Canada The paper demonstrates that wind generators can be designed to meet: Low voltage ride-through Power System Stabilizer function WPSS to damp low frequency oscillations Inertial response emulation for frequency support CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

4 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 Russian Power System companies + universities Presents Estimation of efficiency of modern excitation controllers of synchronous machines Excitation control of synchronous generators plays an important role in the Russian Power System. A certification technique for automatic excitation controllers were developed to test all prototypes and simulate the performance in a physical model A working system in Russia. CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

5 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 Italian TSO The growth of non dispatchable renewable energy sources such as PV and Wind makes it necessary to develop new short-term dispatching tools Method and tool based on very short-term load forecast, balancing market simulation for the hours ahead, a system adequacy check and automatic generated remedial action suggestions to the operator. This Advance Dispatching method/tool is now in a trial phase Interesting for TenneT and other TSOs CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

6 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 EirGrid, Ireland Presents operational challenges to maximize wind penetration (40% in 2020), such as: Frequency Response Synthetic inertia could help to improve Increasing ramping requirements Voltage Control CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

7 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 Netherlands TenneT Presents the implementation of the congestion management principle in the Dutch system and gives a practical example Market mechanism for the distribution of scarce grid capacity in case of network constraints due to new connected generators or consumers Since April 2011 CM is being applied in Z-H Presents limitations in the methodology: - Insufficient amount of up- and downward bids - Incorrect prediction of congestions due errors in production and load forecasts - Bid periods are not flexible CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

8 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 German Transmission System Presents a framework for technical and economical cross-border optimization for load-frequency control Several hundreds of millions of EURO yearly savings already in Germany alone Also millions of EURO yearly savings in surrounding countries participating in the international GCC Next to Energinet.dk (Denmark), also Seps (Czech Republic), Swissgrid and TenneT TSO B.V. also joined the international GCC. Elia (Belgium) will follow soon. CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

9 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 REE, Spain Presents the results of the tests carried out on DFIG (double-fed induction generator) and SCIG (squirrel cage induction generator) wind farms connected to a 400kV and 220kV node Study performed in order to verify the performance of a new proposal for voltage control and its impact on system stability Tests have demonstrated the feasibility of continuous regulation of the transmission network voltage profile by wind farms with modern based technology At this moment less important for the Netherlands as the installed RES power is rather low CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

10 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 ISO New England - USA Presents the robust optimization concept and potential applications for power system operation, which include unit commitment and economic dispatch. Many formulas but descriptions and examples unclear Not of importance for the Netherlands CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

11 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 KPX South Korea Presents the smart grid development strategies in Korea and introduces developed dispatch instructions and exchange of operating information A three phase implementation plan for smart grid developments determined High level description of the smart grid development CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

12 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 Japanese Power System Presents the results of a large photo-voltaic (PV) and battery demonstration facility Battery to control PV output Available guidebook on gained knowledge CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

13 PS1 C2-101 C2-102 C2-103 C2-104 C2-105 C2-106 C2-107 C2-108 C2-109 C2-110 C2-111 C2-112 C2-113 European Power System Presents a framework for technical and economical cross-border optimization for load-frequency control 4 methods and a simulation tool have been developed to improve bias factor (K) sizing for non- interactive control; further research is necessary to verify the methods It becomes more important to pay attention to efficient use of ancillary services; frequency control might become subject to the EC s Framework Guidelines CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

14 Norwegian system Describes the usage of System Integrity Protection Schemes (SIPS) in the Norwegian system and the importance of N-k contingency analysis to extend the secure operating zone of the power system Presents special protection schemes to increase the transfer capabilities and increase the overall power system reliability by selective tripping Recommends stability evaluation as purely LF calculations will not detect instabilities introduced by multiple contingencies. CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

15 JSC Research Centre, Russia Presents a real time model of an electrical power system and a simulator wizard for a grid company s top management dispatcher. Provides information support to operating/dispatching personnel, combined with a multipurpose mode simulator (MMS) for operating personnel The problem of having a real time dynamic model is solved by using as initial data the result of the solution of the State Estimation and SCADA data. Not to implemented yet in a grid company. Interesting approach also for training simulation but seems not applicable on short term. CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

16 PEGASE R&D Project Presents PEGASE project: advanced algorithms for state estimation and simulation of the Pan-European power system PEGASE Strutucture Takes advantage of existing PMU data for state estimation Developed a Security Constrained OPF (to be used also in itesla) PEGASE final dissemination event: on 5 th of September in Brussels CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

17 CSM - CWE region Increasing volatility due to increasing cross-border trade, market mechanisms such as market coupling and intraday cross-border trade which demand closer coordination in different time horizons Presents the cooperation of TSO s to coordinate the security analysis and planning in CWE region from D-2 to real time In case of congestions in the power system, a list of remedial actions can be proposed and agreed among the participating TSO s Challenges: - common objective function for optimum PST coordination - creation of DC loopflows using HVDC cables (BritNed and IFA) CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

18 Amprion and University of Wuppertal Presents a visualization concept for the global system state and to enhance situation awareness Whole Observability Area This PhD work is being implemented in Amprion s SCADA system new Man-machine interfaces It enables intuitive situation awareness by improving visual perception (e.g. pattern recognition, cognitive principles) CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

19 European Power System Presents a European wide real-time awareness system (EAS) for TSOs of ENTSO-E Common visualization of TSOs system state ( world map ) which will help to improve TSO coordination on security of supply Challenges: common definitions, common indicators, common procedures for EAS use CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

20 RTE and ENTSO-E Presents the incident classification scale for ENTSO-E transmission system operators (request from ENTSO-E) It describes the reporting methodology and the investigation procedure, which takes into account the influence on: Aims: Cross-border transfer capacity and trade Social consequences Degradation of system s reliability and adequacy Elaboration of European-wide statistics (Load loss, Frequency deviation) Review of security level Improvement of communication between TSO Major orientations concerning Network Code improvements CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

21 CORESO Partners Describes the experiences of 3 years of Coreso as the regional coordination center of Elia, RTE, NG, 50Hertz and Terna Technical achievements, benefits of operation in a single room and the advantages of shared learning Is promoting Coreso and the Coreso model. No comparison with other approaches: decentralized/virtual as TSC Interesting for TSOs and others involved in regional coordination initiatives. CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

22 United Arab Emirates Power System Presents the outline of operational studies done for the long distances AC 400 kv and HVDC back-to-back interconnected system Careful assessment of total transfer capacity and transmission reliability margins is crucial New challenges: data management and modeling coordination, static and dynamic observability, development of an unified technical code CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

23 Korean Power System Presents voltage control schemes to improve short-term and longterm voltage stability Multi-step under voltage load shedding scheme and a new voltage management system using phase measurement units (PMUs) Interfacing power flows vs bus voltage curve as index for voltage stability Next steps: introducing Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) and Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMAC) CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

24 Indian TSO and Ministry of Power Handles al lot of issues related to the organization of the Load Dispatch Centres (control centres) in India. Main issue is the coordination of the close to 40 control centres. Control of the Indian grid becomes more challenging (as we already discovered some weeks ago). The paper describes proposals for the way to organize the coordination between the centers but also the establishment of raining and certification program for operators. Interesting for NL and other European TSOs involved in regional coordination and operator certification developments or plans. CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

25 Power Grid Corporation of India Presents the advantages of using PMU data in a fast growing economy like the Indian one, such as: Wide-area visibility of real-time conditions Early evidence of emerging grid problems Post-mortem analysis and implementation of remedial actions Optimization of transmission line capacity (enhanced efficiency) Applications using PMU data: Dynamic state estimator and on-line computation of line parameters Protection systems: Differential protection of lines / Zone3 protection blocking, detection of faults, fault location, etc. Low frequency oscillation monitoring and model validation On-line calibration of Capacitive Voltage Transformers CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

26 ONS Brasil Presents the conception of a new Special Protection System involving long distance coordinated remedial actions Remedial actions for reducing the consequences of multiple simultaneous outages in a large system (distances up to 3500km). A special (long distance) protection scheme disconnecting generators to avoid tripping of more generators. Has already successfully in operation CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

27 Brazilian C2 group Presents lessons learned from recent blackouts in Brazil related with: Restoration process Problems between national and regional centers Improvement actions It refers to the work made by the WG SC C2.21 Three lines of action: 1. Reducing severity through reinforcements in the Transmission system 2. Special protection schemes implementation 3. Reduction of restoration time CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

28 TEPCO - Japan Presents the integrated power system simulator and its control system for a large interconnected system The power system simulator is developed in order to implement practical joint training functionalities to enhance operators knowledge and skills The simulator has been used in combined training of several load dispatching offices and power plant operators to cover multiple contingencies and wide spread disturbance CIGRE voorbereidingsdagen SC C2 August

29 System Operations: never a dull moment Thank you for your attention! TenneT is Europe s first cross-border grid operator for electricity. With approximately 20,000 kilometres of (Extra) High Voltage lines and 35 million end users in the Netherlands and Germany we rank among the top five grid operators in Europe. Our focus is to develop a north-west European energy market and to integrate renewable energy. Taking power further