SISO-PN-013-DRAFT. Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture. Version November 2014

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1 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture 0 Version.0 November 0 SAC Approved: mm/dd/yyyy EXCOM Approved: mm/dd/yyyy

2 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture 0 Copyright 0 by the Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization, Inc. P.O. Box Orlando, FL -, USA All rights reserved. Permission is hereby granted to quote any of the material herein, or to make copies thereof, for noncommercial purposes, as long as the proper attribution is made and this copyright notice is included. All other uses are prohibited without written permission from the SISO, Inc. Board of Directors. SISO Inc. Board of Directors P.O. Box Orlando, FL -, USA Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

3 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture Revision History Version Section Date (MM/DD/YYYY) V All //0 original version Description Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

4 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture Table of Contents. Product title *.... Proponent name(s) and contact information.... Type of product(s) (*Balloted Products).... Product description.... Identification of the community to which product applies.... Problem(s) and/or issue(s) that the proposed product addresses... a) Provide details on the specific need or requirement for this product in the community.... b) Provide details on the discussion of the need for this product in the community.... c) Have you investigated similar products in the community to ensure no overlap exists?.... Indication of the maturity of the product... a) Detailed description on HOW the problem/issue will be solved (approach).... How to perform distributed simulation using OMG DDS.... How this approach maps onto the concepts of IEEE HLA and DIS.... Simulation Data Exchange Model... b) Brief discussion on the maturity of the proposed product.... c) Brief discussion on alternative approaches to the proposed product... d) Provide examples of prototypes of the proposed product or reasons why this product will not be prototyped.... e) What impact will the proposed product have on the M&S community?... f) What impact will this proposed product have on the SISO community?... 0 g) What is the impact to the community on the LACK of this proposed product?... 0 h) What are the domain implications for this proposed product?... 0 i) State which SIW conference forum(s) take an active interest in the development of this proposed product? Planned compliance testing Schedule of product development milestones including reviews and reports 0. Candidate volunteers for the product development effort.... Suggested product periodic review cycle (timeline)... Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

5 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture Product title * Layered Simulation Architecture (LSA) SISO Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture SISO-PN-0-DRAFT. Proponent name(s) and contact information First name: Dan Last name: Gregory Affiliation: Thales Street Address: City: State: Zip: Phone #: + Fax #: dan.gregory@thalesgroup.com First name: Jose-Maria Last name: Lopez-Rodriguez Affiliation: NADS Street Address: City: State: Zip: Phone #: + 0 Fax #: jmlopez@nads.es First name: Jose-Ramon Last name: Martinez-Salio Affiliation: NADS Street Address: City: State: Zip: Phone #: Fax #: jrmartinez@nads.es Additional proponents: Name Organization Address Phone Numbers Diallo, Saiku Virginia Modeling Analysis and sdiallo@odu.edu Simulation Center Gupton, Kevin University of Texas, Austin kgupton@arlut.utexas.edu Ruiz, Jose DGA/DS/CATOD (French MoD) jose.ruiz@intradef.gouv.fr. Type of product(s) (*Balloted Products) X Standard* Guidance* Reference Administrative Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

6 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture Product description One SISO Standards Product is proposed that will specify and define LSA middleware, common services, and mapping to the Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) and to High Level Architecture (HLA). The proposed standard will provide an interoperable means of conducting distributed simulation and integrating simulation related technologies, specifications, and standards - such as HLA, DIS or Coalition Battle Management Language (C-BML) - using the Object Modelling Group (OMG) Data Distribution Service (DDS) specification and more specifically using The Real-time Publish-Subscribe Wire Protocol DDS Interoperability Wire Protocol Specification (also known as DDSI) as the common real time communication hub. DDS/DDSI is a widely-used data-centric real time middleware specification that supports modular open systems architecture and real time communication across different operating systems (OS) and platforms.. Identification of the community to which product applies The product is relevant to organizations that want to achieve: Connectivity: require a System of Systems (SoS) approach to build their simulation systems; require real time distributed simulation over any kind of network in any geographical distribution in a variety of different OS (Linux, Windows, Real time OS) and platforms (PCs, Android, etc.);require an open-systems architectural approach for simulation; wish take advantage of the advanced data distribution functionality of DDS; wish to have fine-grained control over the distribution of simulation data; wish to facilitate a distributed infrastructure in which flexibility and efficiency is required when connecting different sites and simulation applications in short timescales; already use DDS for distributing operational data and wish to rationalize their middleware, or take advantage of existing DDS skills or wish to more closely couple simulation with an operational system for the purposes of embedded training, test and evaluation or course of action analysis; Reusability: want to reuse already existing simulators running in HLA and DIS and incorporate them to distributed simulation over any geographical area and any kind of network; want to reuse simulation services and incorporate them to distributed simulation over any geographical area and any kind of network; want to integrate implementations of other simulation related standards (such as C-BML) to distributed simulation over any geographical area and any kind of network; want to integrate implementations of other standards that can use DDS as the communication layer -e.g. robotic standards like Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems (JAUS) or Robotic Operating System (ROS) - to distributed simulation over any geographical area and any kind of network; Already use DDS: already use DDS for simulation; already use DDS for any other area (including real element) and want to connect DDS data to simulation; have technical expertise or license agreements for DDS implementations they wish to reuse.. Problem(s) and/or issue(s) that the proposed product addresses a) Provide details on the specific need or requirement for this product in the community. Studies such as the Live, Virtual, Constructive Architecture Roadmap (LVCAR) and NATO Modelling and Simulation Group Simulation Interoperability (MSG ) final report identified Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

7 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture difficulties and limits of distributed simulation and interoperability among simulation technologies and standards. Current simulation standards such as HLA are evolving, incorporating new features. Several organizations (Thales, CAE, N.A.D.S., etc.) are already developing or using modular open systems architecture, supported by data-centric middleware such as OMG DDS, for real time distributed simulation. DDS is mandated by a number of organizations for net-centric operations given its support for modular open systems architecture. Such organizations include the US Navy and Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA). Other standardization activities such as C-BML are also interested in the use of DDS. Finally, reusability of existing simulators and simulation services if often cited as an important factor for organizations and simulation projects. Simulation is being used in an increasing number of embedded applications, and is increasingly being implemented by engineers with experience of operational middleware such as OMG DDS, instead of simulation specific middleware. As such different approaches to simulation architectures over DDS are being developed in parallel. The proposed standard will provide a common approach to provide real time interoperability among simulations, based on current simulation standards as well as OMG DDS, over wide area or local area networks, in a variety of OS and platforms. This standard is also being proposed as the common architecture for a future Modeling and Simulation as a Service (MSaaS) standard. b) Provide details on the discussion of the need for this product in the community. Discussions were held during four SISO Simulation Interoperability Workshops (SIWs) and a web conference demonstration. The following presentations and papers were presented on the subject at SISO SIWs, and the subject was presented at ITEC 0. These events stimulated discussion and interest. The approach was also discussed with the Architecture Neutral Data Exchange Model (ANDEM) study group. Support for this approach was aired by UK Ministry of Defence which is specifying DDS for its Generic Vehicle Architecture and has incorporated DDS as an M&S interoperability standard in its DTEC M&S Standards Profile (DMSP) and sees value in having a common architecture. It is also being considered by the French association for simulation (ADIS) which set up a study group on the subject. Discussions covered resolving the conflict perceived by HLA vendors and steered the proposed standard towards an independent stack rather than a layer to be inserted beneath the HLA API. Implementers will use it under HLA if they choose, but there was more support for interfacing to the proposed standard via a gateway. Another discussion covered whether ANDEM would provide the capability to generate Interface definition language (IDL) to enable the automatic generation of semantically correlated data exchange formats. A conclusion on this topic was not reached by LSA or ANDEM. Future of LVC Simulation Evolving Towards the MSaaS Concept. JrMartinez, JmLopez. ITSEC 0 Go to for the full collection Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

8 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture c) Have you investigated similar products in the community to ensure no overlap exists? There is no known standard that enables the distribution of simulation data over OMG DDS. The combination of OMG DDS and this proposed product will provide a similar capability to IEEE HLA, however it will be provided in a different manner, with the benefit of the advanced data distribution capability of DDS and providing benefit to the abovementioned communities, not currently catered for by HLA. Creating a new standard and testing demand for it was considered to be a better approach than changing HLA to incorporate DDS as a lower level protocol.. Indication of the maturity of the product a) Detailed description on HOW the problem/issue will be solved (approach) It is proposed that a standard be developed, hereafter referred to as LSA, which describes: i) how to perform distributed simulation using OMG DDS; ii) how this approach maps onto the concepts of IEEE HLA and DIS.. How to perform distributed simulation using OMG DDS A core set of simulation services built upon OMG DDS will be defined. These will cover key functions such as how to perform object attribute reflection, interactions and time management. These functions will be described using Unified Modeling Language (UML) and IDL, the latter specifying the data model of DDS topics necessary to support the functions. For example, time may be represented by a time topic which publishes the simulation time along with state and mode information such as frozen, real-time, continuous or discrete advancement etc. UML activity diagrams or state transition diagrams will be provided to support understanding of the sequences and states of the distributed simulation. Additional services relevant to supporting simulation such as exercise management, entity handover, weather representation, viewer control, Computer Generated Forces (CGF) control, after action review, and dynamic terrain will not be included in the first version of LSA, but will be considered for inclusion in later versions, and effort will be coordinated with the relevant SISO groups such as Real-time Platform Reference Federation Object Model (RPR-FOM) Product Development Group (PDG).. How this approach maps onto the concepts of IEEE HLA and DIS A mapping will be made between the functions of HLA and the LSA core simulation service. Another mapping will cover DIS. This will provide guidance on how to implement gateways between implementations of the standards, and also how a HLA Run-time infrastructure (RTI) could be implemented that uses LSA core simulation services to provide its communication capability. The first version of LSA will focus on the core simulation functionality; therefore not all HLA services will be covered by this mapping. Particular attention will be given to how HLA FOMs map to DDS IDL. Furthermore other simulation related data models such as C-BML will be discussed.. Simulation Data Exchange Model Due to the differences between HLA and DDS, FOMs such as the RPR-FOM cannot be used directly. The PDG may have to either: i) provide an IDL model that is semantically equivalent to RPR-FOM ii) provide an IDL model that is semantically equivalent to a subset of RPR-FOM b) Brief discussion on the maturity of the proposed product. DDS is used by a number of companies for distributing simulation data. It has been used in different real project like NOGESI (NOdo GEnerico de Simulation) and CATIZ in Spain These Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

9 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture projects test and prove many of the concepts involved in LSA. The proposed standard will take into account lessons learned from this work. These projects have tested: Use of the abovementioned core simulation services with OMG DDS to facilitate distributed simulation; Use of DDS as the communication layer of a HLA RTI; Use of a gateway to interconnect multiple HLA federations, using multiple vendor RTI implementations, with a DDS federation; Use of a gateway to interconnect a DIS exercise with a DDS federation; Use of some of the abovementioned additional simulation services; Use of fixed data models based on RPR-FOM. c) Brief discussion on alternative approaches to the proposed product The following alternative approaches were identified and discounted: i) The development of a new data centric middleware that provides the functionality of OMG DDS. This was discounted due to the inefficiency of developing something that already exists and as it would defeat the purpose of a standard that capitalizes on operational middleware. ii) The evolution of the IEEE HLA to include a specification of an open communications layer to support modular open systems architecture. This was discounted due to a reluctance of the HLA RTI vendors change their technology. It was considered that the LSA approach should be developed without any direct impact on current SISO standards. iii) The use of a message oriented middleware specification such as the Java Messaging Service (JMS) or Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP). These were discounted as it was determined that a data centric middleware would be better suited to simulation than a message oriented middleware. d) Provide examples of prototypes of the proposed product or reasons why this product will not be prototyped. NADS has a set of products collectively called Simware that implement some of the proposed LSA functionality (especially in interoperability and integration of different standards). These products have been used in real projects and have proved some the feasibility of LSA. These commercial off-the-self (COTS) products are a real prototype of the core LSA proposed capabilities. The use of these COTS has proven: Data distribution concepts: use of LSA-like architecture in Wide Area Network (WAN) and Local Area Network (LAN) and also in DILs (Disconnected, Intermittent, Limited or Lossy) networks; Integration by the direct use of DDS as the communication layer of HLA and the use of gateways with DIS, JAUS and C-BML; Use of simulation services in operational systems in several projects like NOGESI, CITIUS and CATIZ ; Use of fixed data models based on RPR-FOM. e) What impact will the proposed product have on the M&S community? The proposed standard will facilitate interoperability among simulation applications developed using OMG DDS. See projects NOGESI and CITIUS whitepapers in: Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

10 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture It will also facilitate the employment of advanced functionality provided by OMG DDS that is not currently included in existing simulation standards such as security, fine-grained quality of service policies, resilient persistence, WAN traversal. OMG DDS has a user-base that is much larger and wider than that used by the simulation community, so the implementation of new functionality (some of which is being discussed as an evolution for standards such as HLA) can be specified and implemented more cost effectively, leading to a faster and richer evolution. The standard will support the development of embedded simulation in operational systems that use OMG DDS for course of action analysis and training. f) What impact will this proposed product have on the SISO community? The use of OMG DDS and the desire to embrace modular open systems architecture is of interest to a niche community within SISO. It will develop without impact to existing standards, providing a complimentary approach that addresses the needs of the community identified above. These needs are not being met by existing standards and their planned evolution. There may be an impact on larger SISO communities such as CSIM which can benefit from a closer integration with operational data centric middleware, i.e., OMG DDS, which is currently used by many operational Command and Control (C) systems. g) What is the impact to the community on the LACK of this proposed product? The lack of this product and its consequences are stated in LVCAR conclusions and also in some MSG- conclusions. h) What are the domain implications for this proposed product? As above. i) State which SIW conference forum(s) take an active interest in the development of this proposed product? LSA Study Group. Planned compliance testing Specification of compliance tests will be included in the standard, but there is no planned compliance service. LV CAR%0-%0%0of%0%0-%0Final%0Report%0-%0000.pdf Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page 0 of

11 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture Schedule of product development milestones including reviews and reports 0-0: Technical specifications of LSA LSA PDG Kickoff Jan 0 Mar 0 Specification and definition of LSA middleware Apr 0 Sep 0 First draft for PDG discussion 0 Fall SIW Sep 0 LSA first draft approval Sep 0 Dec 0 Specification and definition of LSA middleware (continued) Dec 0 Sep 0 - Services Dec 0 Sep 0 o Specification common services LSA - Mapping Mar 0 Sep 0 o DIS LSA o HLA LSA Second draft for PDG discussion 0 Fall SIW Sep 0 LSA Second draft approval Sep 0 Dec 0 SAC and EXCOM Processing LSA PDG provide Circulation Package to SAC Dec 0 SAC conduct Initial Ballot Beginning 0 LSA PDG conduct Balloter Comment Resolution LSA PDG document Comment Resolution in Comment Tracking System 0 Spring TIM 0 Spring TIM SAC conduct Recirculation Ballot (if needed) Jul 0 LSA PDG conduct Balloter Comment Resolution (if needed) 0 Fall SIW Sep 0 LSA PDG document Comment Resolution in Comment Tracking System (if needed) Sep 0 LSA PDG provide Product Approval Package to SAC for processing Oct 0 EXCOM approval Dec 0 SAC publish approved SISO Standard Jan 0 LSA PDG provide SAC Terms of Reference for Product Support Group (PSG) Feb 0 0. Candidate volunteers for the product development effort Name Organization Address Phone Numbers Gregory, Dan Thales dan.gregory@thalesgroup.com + Lopez-Rodriguez, Jose-Maria NADS jmlopez@nads.es + 0 Martinez-Salio, Jose-Ramon NADS jrmartinez@nads.es Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of

12 SISO-PN-0-DRAFT, Product Nomination for Layered Simulation Architecture. Suggested product periodic review cycle (timeline) The LSA PSG will conduct and document formal Periodic Reviews IAW SISO-ADM-00 and SISO-ADM- 00 (and future updates of those document) of this product at least every five years from the date of publication. The LSA PDG will conduct informal reviews of published products as new information becomes available, technology changes, etc., and process change requests through the PSG for future consideration in revised products. Copyright 0 SISO. All rights reserved. Page of