Medicines Access, Pricing, and Affordability: Discussions from the Third International Conference on Improving Use of Medicines.
|
|
- Grace Dalton
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Medicines Access, Pricing, and Affordability: Discussions from the Third International Conference on Improving Use of Medicines Dennis Ross-Degnan, ScD Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care WHO Collaborating Center in Pharmaceutical Policy Boston, USA International Pricing Workshop National Training Institute Cairo, Dec 6-7, 2011 Overview Pricing in the context of the pharmaceutical system Global and regional data from WHO/HAI Medicines Price Surveys International Conference on Improving Use of Medicines Overview Selected results related to access and pricing Policy recommendations and research gaps 2 Competing Pharmaceutical Policy Objectives Encouraging Appropriate Use Necessary, safe, effective, properly taken Improving Equitable Access Available to the poor Keeping Costs Affordable To patient and to the health system Access and Pricing in a Pharmaceutical Systems Context SUPPLY Public Transparent sector procurement supply Supply chain efficiency Government procurement systems Government health facilities International manufacturers Drug importers Professional standards Unbiased information Insurance and risk protection DEMAND Expand coverage Cost-efficient utilization Domestic manufacturers ` Manufacture & import Other key stakeholders: Drug regulatory agency Manufacturers associations Reasonable profit to manufacturers Fair supply chain mark-ups Private sector supply Balanced incentives Other key stakeholders: Wholesale & pharmacy orgs Wholesalers and Professional associations distributors Ethical Health promotion delivery systems Private and NGO facilities Trade and IP policy Industrial policy Taxes and tariffs Private physicians/ other providers Regulatory enforcement Pharmacies and retail outlets Patterns of careseeking and utilization Information about availability, price, quality Access to low-cost, Consumer high quality demand generics Other key stakeholders: Consumers and Consumer & patient orgs patients Third party payers Employers WHO/HAI Medicines Price Surveys: Global and Regional Evidence How Much Do Patients Pay for Medicines? Data from 36 WHO/HAI Price Surveys 5 A Cameron, M Ewen, D Ross-Degnan, D Ball, R Laing. Lancet
2 Procurement Efficiency in EMR Countries: Data from 9 WHO/HAI Surveys CPI-adjusted MPRs of procurement prices across basket of medicines Error bars represent interquartile range. Private Sector Patient Prices in EMR Countries: Data from 9 WHO/HAI Surveys CPI-adjusted MPRs of patient prices across basket of medicines Error bars represent interquartile range. Medicine prices, availability, affordability and price components. WHO-EM/EDB/089/E Medicine prices, availability, affordability and price components. WHO-EM/EDB/089/E Taxes, Duties, and Supply Chain Mark-ups in EMR WHO-HAI Medicine Price Surveys Treatment Affordability in EMR Countries: Estimates from WHO/HAI Price Surveys Medicine prices, availability, affordability and price components. WHO-EM/EDB/089/E A Cameron, M Ewen, D Ross-Degnan, D Ball, R Laing. Lancet History of International Conferences on Improving Use of Medicines ICIUM 2011 Objectives 1997 Chiang Mai, Thailand 272 participants, 46 countries 2004 Chiang Mai, Thailand 472 participants, 70 countries 2011 Antalya, Turkey 588 participants, 80 countries Antalya, Turkey, 594 participants, 86 countries Live webcast in Egypt, 262 participants, Alexandria and Pharos Universities Assemble state-of-the-art knowledge Improve health through improved medicines use Focus on vulnerable populations Recommend evidence-based strategies Multiple stakeholders Different levels of the health care system Develop future research agenda Fill gaps in current knowledge Focus on emerging challenges & opportunities Evaluate impacts of change Plan dissemination and implementation Globally, regionally, nationally, locally 11 12
3 ICIUM 2011 Contributions Disappointing Global Progress But Suggestions for a Way Forward Oral Presentations 268 Plenary sessions 38 Methods and early sessions 41 Parallel track sessions 189 Posters (presented in sessions) 554 (189) Policy, regulation, governance 128 (25) Access to medicines 104 (27) Economics, financing, insurance systems 74 (24) HIV/AIDS & TB 65 (27) Antimicrobial resistance 57 (22) Chronic care 52 (24) Child health 42 (20) Malaria 32 (20) 13 Little progress over the past decades, despite existing knowledge and effective policy tools. Kathy Holloway, SEARO Regional Medicines Advisor, Delhi, India Create an independent think-tank, comprising a small group of responsible actors (including research-based and generic manufacturers) who identify win-win situations for collaboration of all stakeholders on medicines access and use Klaus Leisinger, Novartis Foundation for Sustainable Development, Basel, Switzerland 14 General Conclusions about the Evidence for Pricing Policies Lack of well-designed research on pricing policies in LMICs Urgent need to evaluate the impact of pricing interventions and policies Need for more longitudinal studies with sound research designs A plan for monitoring and evaluation should be built into every policy change Use strong research designs that compare preand post-policy outcomes If possible, include a control group Selected Results from the Economics Track Related to Access and Pricing 15 Pros and Cons of Taxes and Tariffs on Medicines Creese et al. #498 Regulating Supply Chain Mark-ups to Control Medicines Prices Ball #287 Case for taxing medicines Large potential revenue source Record-keeping for prescribed medicines is relatively good Demand is relatively inelastic Case against taxing medicines Taxes add to the price of medicines Higher prices reduce consumption, particularly by the poor Alternative taxes exist to improve health (e.g., tobacco) General conclusion: Taxes on medicines, such as VAT and sales tax, increase the price of medicines. These taxes are inequitable and add to the unaffordability of medicines. 17 Public and private drug distributions systems are complex and multi-leveled Literature review to describe evidence base for regulating supply chain mark-ups in LMIC to lower medicine prices Widely regulated in OECD countries Extent of regulation less clear in LMIC WHO/HAI data show wide ranges Wholesale mark-ups : 10% 35% Retail mark-ups: 0% 76% Total mark-ups 17% 84% in the public sector and 11% 6,894% in the private sector 18
4 Conclusions about Regulating Supply Chain Mark-ups Ball #287 Evidence on Tiered Pricing of Originator Products Moon et al. #1209 Evidence base is weak Regulating mark-ups without regulating either manufacturer s selling price or retail selling price unlikely to be effective Regulating mark-ups may affect viability of some wholesalers/retailers Reliable price monitoring system is essential to examine effects of regulations Properly structured mark-up regulation can be used to promote generics Tiered pricing: Selling of health technologies in LMIC at prices systematically lower than those in industrialized countries TP widely applied for HIV/AIDS, malaria, TB drugs; vaccines; contraceptives Renewed interest in TP as emerging markets strategy (e.g. Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Roche) Tiered pricing may not result in lower prices than competition and encouraging use of lower priced generic alternatives Most evidence is from HIV medicines More information is needed on the actual prices paid under tiered pricing arrangements Tiered Pricing: The Middle Income Country Problem Moon et al. #1209 WHO/HAI Policy Review on External Reference Pricing Tiered pricing: wide variation, no norms Per capita GNI (low vs. middle-income countries)* HIV prevalence UN-classified least-developed countries Human Development Index Regions Which countries pay more? Why? What is fair? 33 ARVs with LIC and MICs prices Price difference : USD; 4.5% to 177% No norms, no transparent basis for pricing Tiering can seem arbitrary Definition: Using prices of a pharmaceutical product in one or several countries to derive a benchmark or reference price for setting or negotiating price Literature review of global evidence about impacts Survey of selected countries (emphasis on LMIC) *World Bank classifications (per capita GNI): low income <$996; lower middle, $996 - $3,945; upper middle, $3,946 - $12,195; high, >$12, ERP Benefits and Costs ERP Comparators in WHO-HAI Survey Implicit benefits: Compare prices in a set of countries to obtain Similar prices Same price as the lowest country Differential - usually lower prices Potential problems No clear rationale or theoretical foundation, and little evidence about positive impact on prices Considerable resources (human and material) needed Difficult to identify products due to different commercial names, dosages, and packaging Price comparisons complex because of taxes, supply chains, profit margins, etc. Confidential agreements often provide buyers with discounts or other hidden benefits 23
5 Some Conclusions about External Reference Pricing Impacts of Targeted Price Reductions in China: Oral Hypoglycemics Lu et al. #878 All countries cannot simultaneously apply ERP No country would find prices to reference Countries applying ERP give up some control over pricing criteria Rely on pricing policies of reference countries ERP has prompted manufacturers to set up international pricing strategies Single international price, delaying launch, reduced price transparency Possible negative effects in lower income countries include higher prices and delays in new drugs Market Volume Before and After 2006 Price Reduction Increase in sales volume (10.3 standard units sold/1000 people/quarter) No change observed in overall market share of price-regulated products. Conclusions about China s Price Control Policies and Open Questions Lu et al. #878 Price Information Transparency China s targeted approach to drug price reductions : Associated with increases in utilization of oral antidiabetics and insulin Improved access to essential medications OR increased quantities prescribed OR both Open research questions: Were results similar for other waves of price controls and other classes of medication? Did price and volume changes result in cost savings for patients, hospitals, or the health system as a whole? Did price and volume changes result in better quality of care? Accurate and timely information can lead to more informed decisions in medicines procurement An electronic medicines price information exchange is being developed, in line with a resolution of the Regional Committee, in order to facilitate efficient and informed public sector procurement of medicines. Eastern Mediterranean Region: Annual Report of the Regional Director, Western Pacific Regional Medicine Price Information Exchange Arifaj-Blumi #883 Arifaj-Blumi #883 Survey on medicines prices in public sector procurement (2009, 2010)
6 Generic* Market Share in LMICs with IMS Health Data, , by Region Kaplan et al. #716 Generic Market Share Is Growing in All EMR Countries Measured Kaplan et al. #716 Bangladesh, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, South Africa Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela * Includes both generics marketed under trade name and INN Addressing Perceptions about Generics Role of Health Insurance Systems in Improving Use of Medicines in LMICs Garabedian et al. #236 Perceptions that low cost medicines (generics) are of low quality have a significant impact on patient behavior, access, and affordability Quality of generics should be addressed: First at the regulatory level to ensure that only high quality generics are registered Secondly at the prescriber and patient level through education and transparent information Research is needed on the impacts of interventions to increase use of generics that align incentives to patients, providers, and industry 33 Rationale for focus on insurance and risk protection programs in LMICs Lack of affordable access to essential medicines Insurance systems can potentially improve access and cost-effective, appropriate use Increasing interest in universal coverage Systematic literature review Describe strategies used by insurance systems Evidence of successful strategies 63 publications from LMICs 34 Evidence on Effectiveness of Medicines Policies in Insurance Systems Garabedian et al. #236 Some Key ICIUM Policy Recommendations Good evidence that insurance coverage improves access and increases utilization Many active management strategies tried Purchasing (negotiating with suppliers, bulk purchasing, generic reference pricing) Selection (formularies, consumer cost-sharing, generic substitution) Utilization management (incentives for quality, separate prescribing and dispensing, provider and consumer education, disease management) Contracting (capitation, case-based payment, reducing reimbursement, preferred networks) Few well-designed evaluations of impacts 35 Significant efforts should be made to share medicine prices and procurement practices in a structured/standardized way at regional level Governments should strictly regulate inappropriate marketing practices To health professionals and consumers By both multinational companies and generic manufacturers 36
7 Key Research Gaps on Pricing, Access, and Affordability Key Research Gaps on Private Sector and Consumer Preference More and better-designed studies of the impact of national policies to reduce medicines prices Impact of reducing financial barriers to health care (such as medicine price reduction or insurance coverage) on affordability, utilization, outcomes (quality of life, mortality and morbidity), financial burden, and non-health expenditures Impacts of improved affordability on adherence and sustainability of financing for patients taking medicines for chronic illness 37 Performance of private sector providers related to appropriate use of medicines and its determinants Targeted analyses of policy changes in insurance systems, such as changes in formulary management, benefit design, provider contracting, or educational outreach activities Research on supply chain mark-ups and a reasonable markup for private sector sellers that can be standardized and monitored Joint facility and household surveys to link care seeking, provider choice, medicines availability, and household access 38 Thank you very much! 39
Medicine prices, availabilty, affordability and price components
Medicine prices, availabilty, affordability and price components Margaret Ewen, Coordinator, Global Projects (Pricing) Health Action International WHO, WIPO and WTO Joint Technical Symposium 16 July 2010
More informationLancet article* on medicine prices, availability and affordability Questions and Answers, January 2009
Lancet article* on medicine prices, availability and affordability Questions and Answers, January 2009 *Cameron A, Ewen M, Ross-Degnan D, Ball D, Laing R. Medicine prices, availability, affordability in
More informationCost savings of switching private sector consumption from originator brand medicines to generic equivalents
Cost savings of switching private sector consumption from originator brand medicines to generic equivalents Alexandra Cameron and Richard Laing World Health Report (2010) Background Paper, 35 HEALTH SYSTEMS
More informationChallenges and Opportunities in Pharma: Perspective for an Emerging Middle East April 24th, 2015
Challenges and Opportunities in Pharma: Perspective for an Emerging Middle East 2020 April 24th, 2015 Content Pharma Market Landscape Global Pharma Market Market Categories Middle East Markets Major Challenges
More informationThe need for generic policies as part of health reform
The need for generic policies as part of health reform Richard Laing EMP/WHO for PPRI Conference Vienna September 30 th 2011 The US Generics Market reaches $107.5bn with growth four times higher than total
More informationPrices and availability of locally produced and imported medicines in Tanzania
Prices and availability of locally produced and imported medicines in Tanzania Report of a survey conducted in August 2013 Margaret Ewen, Health Action International Warren Kaplan, Boston University Mary
More informationPrinciples for the Rational Use of medicines. Nina Sautenkova, WHO, Regional Office for Europe
Principles for the Rational Use of medicines Nina Sautenkova, WHO, Regional Office for Europe More than 4000 years of regulation in medicines area Hammurabi code (~ 2000 b.c.): Doctor s fee depends on
More informationAddressing the global shortages of medicines, and the safety and accessibility of children s medication
EXECUTIVE BOARD EB138/41 138th session 18 December 2015 Provisional agenda item 10.5 Addressing the global shortages of medicines, and the safety and accessibility of children s medication Report by the
More informationTechnical Briefing Seminar - Pricing Policies
Technical Briefing Seminar - Pricing Policies Geneva, Switzerland 10 October 2017 Andrew Rintoul Scientist Innovation Access and Use Essential Medicines and Health Products Outline Access to Medicines
More informationMEDICINES PRICES IN INDONESIA
MEDICINES PRICES IN INDONESIA Ms. Selma Siahaan Center for Health Services and Technology R&D National Institute of Health R&D Indonesia 14 June 2006 Geographic regions II IV III I Medicines Prices Survey
More informationPills and pocketbooks: Equity pricing of essential medicines in developing countries
Pills and pocketbooks: Equity pricing of essential medicines in developing countries Ellen t Hoen, LLM, Suerie Moon and B Pecoul (Adapted by B Pecoul from a presentation made by Ellen t Hoen, Médecins
More informationPrices and availability of locally produced and imported medicines in Ethiopia
Prices and availability of locally produced and imported medicines in Ethiopia Report of a survey conducted in August 2013 Margaret Ewen, Health Action International Warren Kaplan, Boston University Teferi
More informationInformation Systems: Unique Challenges of Managing Medicines Information
Information Systems: Unique Challenges of Managing Medicines Information Dennis Ross-Degnan, ScD Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute Medicines as a Key Component of Universal
More informationBi Regional Consultation on Good Governance
Pharmaceutical Services Ministry of Health Malaysia GGM PROGRAMME IN MALAYSIA WHO Collaborating Centre For Regulatory Control of Pharmaceuticals Bi Regional Consultation on Good Governance 9 th November
More informationImplementation of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform. Andreas Seiter Senior Health Specialist Access to Essential Medicine The World Bank
Implementation of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform Andreas Seiter Senior Health Specialist Access to Essential Medicine The World Bank Sector issues Critical sector for health outcomes Characterized by market
More informationACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY IN PHARMA SUPPLY CHAIN 6/26/2018. Presentation to UN 2018 Public Service Forum. Richard Bergström External Lead Pharma
ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY IN PHARMA SUPPLY CHAIN Presentation to UN 2018 Public Service Forum Richard Bergström External Lead Pharma Enabling trust 1 SICPA: GLOBAL ROLE Protection of 85+% world currency
More informationPharmaceutical Pricing Policy Options. Andreas Seiter The World Bank June 2008
Pharmaceutical Pricing Policy Options Andreas Seiter The World Bank June 2008 Basic Definitions Manufacturer price COGS* plus profit margin Regulated price set as price ceiling or fixed price based on
More informationRegulatory system strengthening
SIXTY-SEVENTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY A67/32 Provisional agenda item 15.6 14 March 2014 Regulatory system strengthening Report by the Secretariat 1. The Executive Board at its 134th session noted an earlier
More informationPharmaceuticals in a Global Environment
Pharmaceuticals in a Global Environment The Story of Heartburn Anne Johnson, M.D. 100 University Dr. Long Beach, CA 90840 Lic No: 1234 DEA #: 98765 The Purple Pill Prilosec, 20 mg As needed for acid reflux
More informationPharmaceutical pricing, i reimbursement, Europe: an overview (I) Elias Mossialos and Reinhard Busse
Pharmaceutical pricing, i reimbursement, HTA and cost containment measures in Europe: an overview (I) Elias Mossialos and Reinhard Busse Policy issues in pharmaceutical markets Structure of the pharmaceutical
More informationV3P Project Vaccine Product, Price and Procurement Data and Information Miloud Kaddar Senior Adviser, V3P coordinator
V3P Project Vaccine Product, Price and Procurement Data and Information Miloud Kaddar Senior Adviser, V3P coordinator DCVMN Meeting HANOI, October 2013 1 V3P LTS October 2011 Plan WHY THIS PROJECT? WHY
More informationPharmaceutical Sector Governance in the Middle East and North Africa Region A Regional Review by the World Bank
Pharmaceutical Sector Governance in the Middle East and North Africa Region A Regional Review by the World Bank Presented at the Workshop on Governance of Pharmaceuticals in MENA Amman, Jordan June 6,
More informationV3P Project Vaccine Product, Price and Procurement Data and Information. Miloud Kaddar Senior Adviser, V3P coordinator
V3P Project Vaccine Product, Price and Procurement Data and Information Miloud Kaddar Senior Adviser, V3P coordinator 1 Project Plan Why this project? Why this topic? Project action plan and what has been
More informationMoving from volume to value in the generic business model
Moving from volume to value in the generic business model CPhI Pre-connect conference Frankfurt 23rd October 2017 Copyright 2016 QuintilesIMS. All rights reserved. Key drivers to 2021 Global growth moderating
More informationPhilippines. Components of medicine price
Philippines Components of medicine price Medicine prices matter Rapidly rising costs of health care and high medicine prices are a growing concern worldwide, especially in developing and transitional countries
More informationPhilippines. Public procurement prices of medicines
Philippines Public procurement prices of medicines Medicine prices matter Rapidly rising costs of health care and high medicine prices are a growing concern worldwide, especially in developing and transitional
More informationPharmaceutical Prices: International Issues
Pharmaceutical Prices: International Issues Patricia M. Danzon The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania Presented at National Health Policy Forum Session, Pharmaceutical Marketplace Dynamics, May
More informationThe Drug Importation Debate: An Economic Perspective
The Drug Importation Debate: An Economic Perspective Patricia M. Danzon PhD The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania http://hc.wharton.upenn.edu/danzon/index.htm Effects of Legalizing Drug Importation
More informationDaniel López Salcedo Ecuadorian National Service on Public Procurement 7th Joint Trilateral Symposium WHO, WIPO, WTO Geneva, February 26th, 2018
Daniel López Salcedo Ecuadorian National Service on Public Procurement 7th Joint Trilateral Symposium WHO, WIPO, WTO Geneva, February 26th, 2018 LEGAL FRAMEWORK Montecristi as a starting point for a new
More informationIntroduction to the Generic Drug Supply Chain and Key Considerations for Policymakers
Association for Accessible Medicines Introduction to the Generic Drug Supply Chain and Key Considerations for Policymakers Key Takeaways Generic drugs play an important role in the U.S. health care system,
More informationFUTURE OF BUSINESS SURVEY
Future of Business Survey 01 FUTURE OF BUSINESS SURVEY TRADE REPORT JULY 2017 Future of Business Survey 02 INTRODUCTION¹ In January 2017, we published a report² based on findings from the Future of Business
More informationStatistics and recommendations from the First Global Forum on Medical Devices 9-11 September, 2010 in Bangkok
Statistics and recommendations from the First Global Forum on Medical Devices 9- September, 200 in Bangkok Participants to the Global Forum Professional and International Organizations 9% Independent consultants
More informationPHARMA MARKET REPORT- UGANADA
PHARMA MARKET REPORT- UGANADA PHARMEXCIL Hyderabad Contents DEMOGRAPHY...1 Introduction...2 Latest Updates...3 Strengths...3 Weaknesses...3 Opportunities...3 Market...3 Regulations:...4 Epidemiology...4
More informationHTA value based pricing vs fair pricing. Which delivers universal health coverage?
HTA value based pricing vs fair pricing. Which delivers universal health coverage? ISPOR Europe Monday, 12 November 2018 Dr Sarah Garner Coordinator - Innovation, Access and Use Essential Medicines and
More informationExecutive Summary. Variation in per capita expenditure on pharmaceuticals is relatively low across OECD countries...
ISBN 978-92-64-04414-2 Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies in a Global Market OECD 2008 Executive Summary Variation in per capita expenditure on pharmaceuticals is relatively low across OECD countries... The
More informationValue Based Pricing- New Concept
37 Review Article Value Based Pricing- New Concept Shwetlata Singh Department of Pharmaceutical Management, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Delhi, India shweta.kul99@yahoo.com ABSTRACT
More informationA WHO Perspective. International Congress on Reform and Development of the Health Care System in Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Erbil.
Issues and Challenges for Iraq in Pharmaceutical Sector A WHO Perspective International Congress on Reform and Development of the Health Care System in Kurdistan Region-Iraq Erbil. 2-4 February 2011 Ezechiel
More informationCountry Data Profile on the Pharmaceutical Situation in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) SWAZILAND
Country Data Profile on the Pharmaceutical Situation in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) SWAZILAND THIS DRAFT is not a formal publication of WHO and does not necessarily represent the
More informationPopulation Distribution by Income Tiers, 2001 and 2011
1 Updated August 13, 2015: This new edition includes corrected estimates for Iceland, Luxembourg, Netherlands and Taiwan, and some related aggregated data. TABLE A1 Distribution by Income Tiers, 2001 and
More informationYASHAJIT SAHA & ABHISHEK SHARMA, SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTS, RESEARCH & ANALYTICS ADVANCED ANALYTICS: A REMEDY FOR COMMERCIAL SUCCESS IN PHARMA.
YASHAJIT SAHA & ABHISHEK SHARMA, SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTS, RESEARCH & ANALYTICS ADVANCED ANALYTICS: A REMEDY FOR COMMERCIAL SUCCESS IN PHARMA wns wns ADVANCED ANALYTICS: A REMEDY FOR COMMERCIAL SUCCESS IN
More informationD&E DATOS Y ESTRATEGIAS PHYSICIANS PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE PROMOTIONAL PRESSURE BY NATIONAL AND MULTINATIONAL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES
PHYSICIANS PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE PROMOTIONAL PRESSURE BY NATIONAL AND MULTINATIONAL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES FOR THE PERIOD 2005-2013 Survey 2013 1 CURRENT SCENARIO IN ARGENTINA The pharmaceutical industry
More informationCURRENT ISSUES IN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: A PATIENT PERSPECTIVE
CURRENT ISSUES IN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: A PATIENT PERSPECTIVE Consumer Advocare Network s submission to WHO's Second Public Hearing on Public Health Innovation and Intellectual Property The Consumer Advocare
More informationManaging Procurement and Logistics of HIV/AIDS Drugs and Related Supplies. World Bank Training Program. Jabulani Nyenwa, MD, MPH, MBA May 2005
Managing Procurement and Logistics of HIV/AIDS Drugs and Related Supplies World Bank Training Program Jabulani Nyenwa, MD, MPH, MBA May 2005 Acknowledgements Jillian Clare Cohen Heather Bennett Patrick
More informationEnsuring Safe, Abundant Crops for a Growing World Population
Ensuring Safe, Abundant Crops for a Growing World Population Our Challenges Global population to exceed 9 billion by 2050, with most growth occurring in developing countries Our Challenges Population growth
More informationSeizing E-Government Opportunities: Assessment, Prioritization, & Action. June 12, 2001
Seizing E-Government Opportunities: Assessment, Prioritization, & Action June 12, 2001 Today s Topics Understanding E-Readiness Assessing Readiness for E-Government Learning from Successes Prioritizing
More informationPrescription Medicines: Costs in Context
Prescription Medicines: Costs in Context 2018 We are in a new era of medicine where breakthrough science is transforming care with innovative treatment approaches... Then Now Medicines made of chemical
More informationUNITAID. Increasing access to quality medicines and diagnostics for HIV/AIDS,TB and Malaria
UNITAID Increasing access to quality medicines and diagnostics for HIV/AIDS,TB and Malaria 4 th Consultative Stakeholder Meeting UN Prequalification of Diagnostics, Medicines and Vaccines 03 February 2009
More informationStrategic vision of Pharma Market
Strategic vision of Pharma Market Evolution 2012-2016 ACIP Presentation, Paris January 30, 2013 Introduction This presentation draws strategic orientations for pharma companies considering the expected
More informationIndex. Africa See Central Africa; East Africa; Southern Africa; West Africa
Index Page numbers followed by n. and a number refer to numbered notes. Page numbers followed by t or f refer to tables or figures, respectively. Page numbers in italic refer to boxed text. A Africa See
More informationA Case Study of Wind Power
How Trade in Renewable Energy Technologies Takes Place: Barriers and Opportunities to Increasing Deployment in Developing Countries A Case Study of Wind Power Jim Hight Project Manager, Environmental Business
More informationCross-National Effects of Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies. Patricia M. Danzon PhD The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania
Cross-National Effects of Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies Patricia M. Danzon PhD The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania Implications of Globalization for Pricing of Pharmaceuticals Pharmaceuticals
More informationFOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE LOWER DRUGS PRICES IS A MANDATORY REQUIREMENT
FOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE LOWER DRUGS PRICES IS A MANDATORY REQUIREMENT Assistant Director, Professional Courses, Akbar Peerbhoy College of Commerce & Economics, Mumbai (MS) INDIA For
More informationMaking the entire pharmaceutical chain sustainable. Bengt Mattson. Policy Manager, LIF (Manager,CSR & Environmental Affairs, Pfizer AB)
Making the entire pharmaceutical chain sustainable Bengt Mattson Policy Manager, LIF (Manager,CSR & Environmental Affairs, Pfizer AB) www.ansvarsblogg.se Twitter: CSRBengt LIF, Feb 15, 2017 Sustainability
More information1. Introduction People have more chance to treat their health care problems if medicines are available at an affordable price (Everard, 2003). In fact, one third of the population lack access to medicine
More informationCo sourcing -> Shared sourcing
Co sourcing -> Shared sourcing Let s MEET 2 QUESTIONS 3 What to SHARE(or not)? What to REDUCE? What to EXPECT? 4 WHO WE ARE? 5 Talented Together PRÉSENTATION CORPORATE DE SOPRA Mars 2014 6 Présentation
More informationLinking Drug Pricing with Pharmaceutical Patents in Canada. Roy Atkinson. Presented by
Linking Drug Pricing with Pharmaceutical Patents in Canada Presented by International Seminar on Pharmaceutical Pricing & Regulatory Framework for Affordable Medicines New Delhi, India April 12, 2008 Overview
More informationContents. Abstract 3. Switzerland 90 Venezuela 91
Contents Abstract 3 Accuracy 4 Retail Validation 6 Algeria 9 Argentina 1 Australia 11 Austria 12 Bangladesh 13 Belgium 14 Bolivia 15 Brazil 16 Bulgaria 17 Canada 18 Central America 19 Chile 2 Colombia
More informationNews For Immediate Release
News For Immediate Release Contact: Gary Gatyas IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics (610) 244-2600 ggatyas@us.imshealth.com IMS Study Forecasts Rebound in Global Spending on Medicines, Reaching Nearly
More informationGlobal Serialisation Developments and the Need for Convergence. Ulrike Kreysa, Vice-President, GS1 Global Office 3 rd June 2015
Global Developments and the Need for Convergence Ulrike Kreysa, Vice-President, GS1 Global Office 3 rd June 2015 Developments across the world Regulatory bodies need to address Public Health issues one
More informationThe Middle East. 15 Countries*, 5 Time Zones. Population > 333 millions** GDP: $3.13 Trillions*** 58% of world oil reserves
Pharmaco-Economical Overview of Healthcare Omar Rifi, R.Ph., M.B.A. January, 2012-1- The Middle East 15 Countries*, 5 Time Zones Population > 333 millions** GDP: $3.13 Trillions*** 58% of world oil reserves
More informationPolicy principles for a competitive healthcare environment
Policy principles for a competitive healthcare environment Pharmaceutical Research and Development Industry Malta Association (PRIMA) PRIMA is an affiliate of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical
More informationLinking INDCs and Agenda A sustainability analysis
Linking INDCs and Agenda. A sustainability analysis Francesco Bosello *, Lorenza Campagnolo * Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, * Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei *University of Milan Workshop Paving
More informationIntegrated strategies that prioritize disadvantaged groups are essential to ensure that no one is left behind, accelerating progress towards UHC and
42 Integrated strategies that prioritize disadvantaged groups are essential to ensure that no one is left behind, accelerating progress towards UHC and the SDGs. Health Systems Introduction 1. Partnering
More informationPrescription Drug Pricing. Page 1
Prescription Drug Pricing Page 1 Prescription Drugs As a Percent of Total National Health Expenditures, 1991-2014 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
More informationIPRs in the pharmaceutical industry
IPRs in the pharmaceutical industry The Development Implications of Intellectual Property Rights and TRIPS Washington, DC, June 4-5, 2008 CARSTEN FINK Overview The structure of the pharmaceutical industry
More informationHNP Brief #3. Pharmaceuticals: Local Manufacturing. March Introduction. Overview of pharmaceutical companies in lowand middle-income countries
HNP Brief #3 Pharmaceuticals: Local Manufacturing March 2005 Introduction Pharmaceuticals are essential in every health care system. The objective of pharmaceutical policy is to make sure that there is
More informationSIAPS assistance is grouped into four technical areas
Our specific approaches to each of the five result areas follows Governance Under SIAPS, our approach to improving governance and accountability focuses on establishing transparent management systems grounded
More informationA Ten Year Strategic Outlook for the Global Flexible Plastic Packaging Market. Sample pages. Commodity Inside Ltd
A Ten Year Strategic Outlook for the Global Flexible Plastic Packaging Market Sample pages Chapter 1- Executive summary 1.1 Changes in the global flexible plastic packaging industry 1.2 Cost effectiveness
More informationONSITE GLOBAL CONSULTING. Past Client Projects
ONSITE GLOBAL CONSULTING Past Client Projects 2010 2014 Switzerland Create a business plan and identify greatest areas of opportunity for the establishment of a brewery. Nicaragua Assess the viability
More informationGlobal Forum on Competition
Unclassified DAF/COMP/GF/WD(2014)51 DAF/COMP/GF/WD(2014)51 Unclassified Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Économiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 14-Feb-2014 English
More informationClimate Change, trade and production of energy-supply goods: The need for levelling the playing field Veena Jha
Climate Change, trade and production of energy-supply goods: The need for levelling the playing field Veena Jha Presentation at the WTO workshop on environmental goods and services. This presentation is
More informationGlobal Food Security Index
Global Food Security Index Sponsored by 26 September 2012 Agenda Overview Methodology Overall results Results for India Website 2 Overview The Economist Intelligence Unit was commissioned by DuPont to
More informationAccess to Medicines: Pricing and Procurement Practices
TECHNICAL SYMPOSIUM Access to Medicines: Pricing and Procurement Practices Summary and key issues On July 16, 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
More informationSugar: World Markets and Trade
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Sugar: World Markets and Trade May 218 Elevated in 218/19 Keeps Stocks High, Pressuring Prices Ending Stocks 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 Other
More informationInnovative Approaches to Saving Patients Money on Prescription Drug Costs
Innovative Approaches to Saving Patients Money on Prescription Drug Costs April 2018 1 Innovative Approaches to Saving Patients Money on Prescription Drug Costs Executive Summary As prescription drug prices
More informationEssential Medicines Kits
Essential Medicines Kits Combining with pull mechanisms and using data Concrete example of Zambia Presented by presented by Ms. Anne Zulu, Ministry Of Health, Zambia. Medical Stores Limited. COUNTRY BACKGROUND
More informationIP, LOCAL MANUFACTURING, INDUSTRIAL AND ACCESS POLICIES
IP, LOCAL MANUFACTURING, INDUSTRIAL AND ACCESS POLICIES Prof Frederick Abbott FSU College of Law, USA UNDP and WHO Consultant CONSULTATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN SOUTH AFRICA 28-30 September
More informationPrescription Medicines: Costs in Context
Prescription Medicines: Costs in Context 2018 We are in a new era of medicine where breakthrough science is transforming care with innovative treatment approaches... Then Now Medicines made of chemical
More information2015 MERCER LIFE SCIENCES REMUNERATION SURVEY
2015 MERCER LIFE SCIENCES REMUNERATION SURVEY MAKE SMART COMPENSATION DECISIONS BY JOINING THE 2015 MERCER TOTAL REMUNERATION SURVEY FOR THE LIFE SCIENCES SECTOR THE LIFE SCIENCES REMUNERATION SURVEY PROVIDES
More informationDelivering Sustainable Food Supply chains. Stuart Lendrum Sainsbury s Head of Sustainable & Ethical Sourcing
Delivering Sustainable Food Supply chains Stuart Lendrum Sainsbury s Head of Sustainable & Ethical Sourcing Agriculture Strategy Agenda Our context Our approach Underpinning our work Taking a total value
More informationCadenas de suministro que sirven a los clientes en la base de la pirámide
SERVICIO AL CLIENTE Cadenas de suministro que sirven a los clientes en la base de la pirámide PRASHANT YADAV JOSEPH Director de FRANCIS Healthcare Research William Davidson Institute Universidad de Michigan
More information2015 REGIONAL SENIOR EXECUTIVE REWARD SURVEY MERCER EXECUTIVE REMUNERATION GUIDES (MERG) CHINA, HONG KONG, INDIA, JAPAN AND SINGAPORE
2015 REGIONAL SENIOR EXECUTIVE REWARD SURVEY MERCER EXECUTIVE REMUNERATION GUIDES (MERG) CHINA, HONG KONG, INDIA, JAPAN AND SINGAPORE MERCER EXECUTIVE REMUNERATION GUIDES MERCER S NEW ASIA SENIOR EXECUTIVE
More informationRunning an RTB Network Across 10 Markets Publisher Opportunities ATTILA BARTA
Running an RTB Network Across 10 Markets Publisher Opportunities ATTILA BARTA Head Cadreon PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING THE SELLERS PERSPECTIVE The Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and the Pitfalls for
More informationFRANCISCO P. TRANQUILINO, M.D., FPCP
FRANCISCO P. TRANQUILINO, M.D., FPCP PHAP Consultant on Ethics Matters Chair, Ethics Committee, Philippine College of Physicians Special Assistant to the Dean and College Secretary University of the Philippines
More informationEnergy Efficiency & the Energy Future in ASEAN Amit Bando, Executive Director, IPEEC Bangkok, Thailand 5 June 2013
Energy Efficiency & the Energy Future in ASEAN Amit Bando, Executive Director, IPEEC Bangkok, Thailand 5 June 2013 1. What is IPEEC? 1 2 3 IPEEC is a high level international forum Provides global leadership
More informationClimate Change, trade and production of energy supply goods: The need for levelling the playing field -Veena Jha
Climate Change, trade and production of energy supply goods: The need for levelling the playing field -Veena Jha Presentation at OECD seminar on the 10 th of May, 2009 Introduction Economic crisis implies
More informationThe Climate for Development: Where Next on Climate Change. Dr. Andrew Steer Special Envoy for Climate Change, World Bank Group
The Climate for Development: Where Next on Climate Change Dr. Andrew Steer Special Envoy for Climate Change, World Bank Group Public Seminar at the World Bank Tokyo Office March 2, 2012 Are You Concerned
More informationHEALTH WEALTH CAREER MERCER LIFE SCIENCES REMUNERATION SURVEY
HEALTH WEALTH CAREER MERCER LIFE SCIENCES REMUNERATION SURVEY MAKE SMART COMPENSATION DECISIONS BY JOINING THE 2016 MERCER TOTAL REMUNERATION SURVEY FOR THE LIFE SCIENCES SECTOR THE LIFE SCIENCES REMUNERATION
More informationMonitoring medicine prices and availability
14 Monitoring medicine prices and availability 14.1 Introduction All countries use certain schemes for monitoring and evaluating their health-care system to assess the performance and appropriateness of
More informationIndian Pharmaceutical Industry. January 2018
Indian Pharmaceutical Industry January 2018 Introduction The pharmaceutical Industry around the world is one of the fastest growing industries and a major contributor to the world economy. 2020 55 1400
More informationMalaria RDT Market Creation and Stimulation The Kenya Experience - Patricia Njiri Clinton Health Access Initiative Kenya
Malaria RDT Market Creation and Stimulation The Kenya Experience - Patricia Njiri Clinton Health Access Initiative Kenya Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and fever case management in the private health
More informationITC Project on Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) Understanding the non-tariff obstacles to trade exporters and importers experience when trading their goods
ITC Project on Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) Understanding the non-tariff obstacles to trade exporters and importers experience when trading their goods To: Presentation to STDF Working Group By: Mondher
More informationThe Challenge of Energy and Poverty Reduction. Dominique Lallement & Douglas Barnes Energy and Water-ESMAP April 20, 2005
The Challenge of Energy and Poverty Reduction Dominique Lallement & Douglas Barnes Energy and Water-ESMAP April 20, 2005 Presentation Outline The Challenge of Energy Vulnerability Energy and Poverty: Meeting
More informationFunding Climate Action - Thursday, 4 December
GDF SUEZ Energy Latin America Funding Climate Action - Thursday, 4 December GDF SUEZ ENERGY LATIN AMERICA Philipp Hauser VP Carbon Markets philipp.hauser@gdfsuezla.com Tel: +552139745443 GDF SUEZ supports
More informationPrescription Medicines: Costs in Context
Prescription Medicines: Costs in Context 2017 We are in a new era of medicine where breakthrough science is transforming care with innovative treatment approaches... Then Now Medicines made of chemical
More informationContents. Turkey 66 United Arab Emirates 67 United Kingdom 68 Uruguay 69 USA 70 Venezuela 71 Vietnam 72. Abstract 3. Ten Leading Pharm.
Contents Abstract 3 Ten Leading Pharm. Markets 5 Accuracy 9 Retail Validation 1 Algeria 15 Argentina 16 Austria 17 Bangladesh 18 Bolivia 19 Brazil Bulgaria 21 Canada 22 Central America 23 Chile 24 Colombia
More informationDistortions to Agricultural Incentives Project lead by Kym Anderson. Signe Nelgen University of Adelaide
Distortions to Agricultural Incentives Project lead by Kym Anderson Signe Nelgen University of Adelaide Workshop on Meeting Food Security Goals with Good Policy, Medan, Indonesia, 26-27 June 2013 Outline
More informationPharmaceutical Pricing Regulation and Central Health System Structures
Pharmaceutical Pricing Regulation and Central Health System Structures Panos Kanavos London School of Economics NPPA Seminar, New Delhi, 12 April 2008 Pricing of Medicines: The Context Supply-side Regulatory
More informationLife Science Challenges and Opportunities in Latin America
Life Science Challenges and Opportunities in Latin America Roy Bateman, Trifermed Latin America One Nucleus Meeting, 29 January 2014 Overview of Latin America Basic facts, healthcare issues and the Pharmaceutical
More information