Read pg Answer pg 157 #1-5, & pg159 #2-7

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1 4.2 Physical Properties HOMEWORK Read pg Answer pg 157 #1-5, & pg159 #2-7

2 HOMEWORK Read pg Answer pg 157 #1-5, & pg159 #2-7

3 Learning Goals I can describe the physical properties of matter qualitatively and quantitatively. I can carry out calculations and solve problems involving density.

4 Key Concepts: (Page 159) A physical property of an element or a compound can be observed without a change to the substance. Qualitative physical properties include colour, odour, taste, texture, luster and malleability. Quantitative physical properties include viscosity, melting point, boiling point, solubility, hardness, conductivity, and density.

5 Take out any object Take out any object you might have in your bag or pencil case. Name and describe the object - be specific

6 Physical Properties: 1. Define physical property of matter A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed and measured without changing the identity of the substance.

7 Qualitative Physical Properties Non- numerical Property Examples 1. Colour red, black, blue Sulfur is yellow. 2. Odour pungent, mouldy The fruit smells mouldy 3. State solid, liquid, gas Water is liquid. 4. Texture rough, smooth Sand paper is rough. 5. Lustre shiny, dull Diamonds are shiny. 6. Malleability pliable, non- malleable Gold is malleable.

8 Property Quantitative Physical Properties Numerical Examples 1. Viscosity resistance to flow Honey has a high viscosity. It has 2000 centipose rating. 2. Melting point temperature of melting M.P. of iron is 1535 C 3. Boiling point temperature of boiling B. P of iron is 2861 C 4. Solubility ability to dissolved in The solubility of NaCl another substance is 39.5g/100mL. 5. Hardness ability to scratch another Diamond is the hardest material substance. It has a Mohs scale of 10. continues on next slide

9 Quantitative Physical Properties Property Examples 1.Conductivity ability to conduct Metals are good conductors electricity and heat of electricity and heat. 2. Density ratio of mass to volume The density of water D = m / V is 1 g/ml or 1 g/cm 3 Ductility ability to form a wire Copper is ductile

10 3. What are the three states of matter? Solid, Liquid and Gas 4. What are the different changes of state of matter? Evaporation, condensation, melting, boiling, freezing, sublimation and deposition.

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12 6. What is solubility? How do you express solubility of matter? What are the units used? Solubility is the measure of the ability of a a substance to dissolve in another substance. The solubility of a substance is expressed as a concentration. UNITS - mass of solute/mass of solvent or mass of solute/volume of solvent

13 7. What is the reported solubility of sodium chloride? NaCl in water at 25 C at STP is 39.5 g/100 ml. 8. What is an aqueous solution? Aqueous solution means solution with water as a solvent. (Water is known as the universal solvent.)

14 9. Differentiate between a solute and a solvent and give two examples? A solute is the substance that is being dissolved. Solvent is the substance that dissolves. Examples: salt and water, sugar and water

15 10. Where are diamonds used? List its different properties? The majority of diamonds are used in industry to aid in drilling, cutting and grinding. Properties hardness, high lustre, transparency, low reactivity with chemicals, high thermal conductivity, low electrical conductivity, and high density.

16 11. Why do you think people often check to see if diamond is real by rubbing it against glass? Because a diamond is much harder than glass, a diamond will scratch glass. If no scratches appear, this may indicate the diamond is not genuine. diamond glass cutter

17 12. Why is copper used as electrical wires? Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity. This means it can carry an electrical current without much energy loss. This makes it ideal for electrical wires, since the primary purpose of a wire is to provide a pathway for electrical energy.

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