Emissions Control Project Addressing Public Call for Better Air Quality - A Solution to Sustainable Power Generation Hong Kong Institution of Engineers (Environmental Division)
Sustainable Power Generation CLP s Proactive Approach CLP Generation Portfolio Emissions Controls Project CLP Energy Vision Low Carbon Emissions is a Strategic Initiative 2
Air emissions reduced by nearly 85% while electricity demand rose 80% in the past 20 years 3
Key Responsibilities Safe, reliable electricity supply World class reliability with less than 3 customer minutes lost per year Affordable electricity price Pricing less than comparable world cities such as Tokyo, Sydney, Singapore, New York and London Minimize Environmental Impact Carbon intensity has been reduced >30% since mid-90s 4
CLP/CAPCO s Electricity System Guangzhou Pumped Storage Daya Bay Nuclear Black Point 2500 MW (Natural Gas) Castle Peak 4108 MW (Coal) Penny s Bay 300 MW (Oil) CLP HE C CLP/CAPCO 2010 Operating Statistics Gross Capacity Population Served CLP/CAPCO Local Sales % of Total HK Sales 8,888 MW 5.66 million 30,929 GWh 74% 5
Power Stations in HK Castle Peak Power Station A Station 4 x 350 MW Coal/Oil fired units B Station 2 x 677 MW Coal/Oil fired units 2 x 677MW Coal/Oil/Gas fired units Penny s Bay Power Station 3 x 100 MW Gas Turbine units; Diesel fired Black Point Power Station 8 x 312.5 MW Gas/Diesel fired Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) units Total Capacity 6908MW 6
Daily Plant Utilization MW 9000 8000 CPK A 13.2% PST 1.1% NUC 27.9% Pumped Storage Generation Sharing 7000 CPK B 34.9% BKP 22.9% Castle Peak A Pump Storage 1.1% 6000 5000 4000 Castle Peak B Castle Peak A Coal Castle Peak B Coal 13.2% 34.9% 3000 Black Point Black Point 22.9% 2000 Nuclear 27.9% 1000 Nuclear 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Hours 7
Role of Generation Assets Black Point Power Station (BPPS) Best environmental performance High efficiency but relatively high fuel costs Castle Peak B Station (CPB) CAPCO s flagship coal plant with large relatively high efficiency units Sophisticated emissions controls equipment One of lowest emissions coal power plants in the world Castle Peak A Station (CPA) Older, less efficient coal units Uses ultra low sulphur coal to minimize emissions Critical generation source provides necessary reserve and peaking requirements Penny s Bay Power Station Peaking units with shortest start-up time and supplies Lantau in emergency case Diverse technologies and fuel types are important to manage supply risks 8
2008 2009 2010 Diversified Fuel Mix 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 Gas Coal 10000 5000 Oil Nuclear 0 Balanced, diversified fuel mix is essential for reliability and good environmental performance 9 Sent-out Generation (GWh) 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year
Castle Peak Power Station The Emission Control Project (Not Just an FGD Project) 10
Project Overview - Process Diagram Stack Emissions BOFA + In-duct SCR to remove NOx Existing ESP Stage to remove PM Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) to remove SO 2 and PM NOx: BOFA + In-duct SCR SO2 PM Removal Efficiency 50% 90% 99% Precipitator BOFA Coal Air In-duct SCR Flyash Limestone Store Ash Extensive Relocation & Plant Modifications Water, Steam, Gas, Fuel Oil, Air, HV Electrical, CO2 11
Technical Scope - FGD Technology FGD applies the B&W patented TRAY TOWER which absorbs from flue gas: Sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, fly ash, soluble oxides of metals Clean Flue gas + Carbon dioxide Reagents: Limestone, air (Oxygen) Make up water Gypsum Process waste water Key factors affecting process efficiency: 1. Reactivity of limestone 2. Encountering time of flue gas with slurry 3. FGD by-passed during oil burner in services 12
FGD Island (SO2 reduction) 2. Technical Scope - FGD Overall Limestone consumption 37.6 te/hr for 4 units Gypsum production 64 te/hr for 4 units In conjunction with precipitator, remove particulates to meet 2010 RSP target 13
Technical Scope Boiler Island Boosted Over-fire Air (BOFA) Scope Booster fans, over-fire air ports, pressure parts, dampers, ductworks, electrical, control and instrumentation, integrated modifications to boiler control In-duct Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Units Urea handling system, urea to ammonia conversion system, ammonia injection system, catalyst, reactor box, ductwork, electrical, control and instrumentation BOFA SCR Reactor 14
Technical Scope - NOx Reduction by BOFA BOILER Principles Reduce NOx formation by further staging the combustion in boiler BOFA BOFA Features 300m new ductwork inside the boiler envelop High speed injection of combustion air at boiler high level 600-tonne steel for structural support Key factors affecting efficiency Not in service during low-load condition 15
Technical Scope - SCR Particulars 16
Technical Scope - Material Handling Plant FGD Absorbers Grinding Mills Limestone flow Gypsum flow Slurry flow Dewatering belts Solution Tank Emergency Gypsum Warehouse Combined Loader/Unloader At Material Handling Jetty 11 Gypsum Conveyors Gypsum Store 12 Limestone Conveyors Limestone Store Limestone Feeders Limestone day silos 900 ton x 2 17
Supporting Facilities Technical Scope - Major Material Handling Systems Combined ship loader/unloader (capacity 350 t/hr) 26 totally enclosed conveyors & 16 transfer towers Total run of conveyors approx. 2km 2 enclosed storage yards limestone storage capacity : 15,000 te gypsum storage capacity : 25,000te Gypsum store CPPA coal yard Limestone Storage Yard Gypsum Storage Yard Gypsum Storage Yard 18
Technical Scope - WWTP discharged to the sea. Waste water from FGD Waste Water Treatment Plant Effluent goes to reuse water system. Sludge Treatment in 3 stages including physical; chemical and biological process. Off-take as low grade gypsum for commercial use. 19
Before After 20
The Emissions Control Project - A Major Undertaking A complex project involving installation of equipments in an existing plant that provides approximately 1/3 of CLP s electricity supply Extensive relocation works Limited footprint - Limited outage windows Maintaining a reliable electricity supply is a must throughout the project Special customization of emissions control equipment to meet specific site and plant conditions Construction completed in phases from 2009 to 2010 Supports a regional environmental initiative Completed with over 12million man-hours Over 10 million without a safety or environmental issue Better performance in all areas than that targeted by the respective governments Completed to budget and ahead of schedule 21
CLP is facing increasingly stringent emissions targets 80 Total emissions (KT) 60 40 RSP - 57% SO 2-48% NO X - 32% RSP - 33% SO 2-64% NO X - 34% 20 0 1997 (Base Year)? 2010 2015 2020 RSP SO 2 NO x 22
Strong public call and policy drive for better air quality and low carbon emissions 23
Increase use of gas 24
Feasibility study of offshore wind project off Sai Kung of up to 200MW supplying 80,000 families save 300,000 tonnes of CO2 Promote Renewable Energy Sources Supporting small scale renewable energy projects Facilitate easier connections to CLP grid Provide free technical advice >70 projects connected CLP s first commercial standalone renewable energy 200 kw (672 solar panels, 2 wind turbines) To be completed in 2012 on Town Island 25
Climate Vision 2050 Targets Declaration of Climate Vision 2050 CO2 Emission Intensity (kg/kwh) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.84 0.80 + 5% RE* 0.70 0.60 + 30% NCE* Target tightened in 2010 0.45 0.20 ~75% Reduction from 2007 levels 2007 2010 2020 2035 2050 Ongoing review of targets * RE = Renewable energy / *NCE = Non-carbon-emitting generation 26
Our values Powering Asia Responsibly: To provide affordable energy to support the development of the Asia-Pacific region in a financially sound manner while minimising the environmental impacts of power generation. 27
Powering Asia Responsibly 28