Final Report on the determination of the odorous substance concentration in the screening building Dinslaken sewage treatment plant with and without the use of a test facility for the reduction of odour Client: Lippeverband Kronprinzenstrasse 24 45128 Essen Order number: 0020-4500215727-72087 ANECO-order number: 09 0550 P Advisors: Dipl.-Chem. M. Robert Dipl.- lng. T. Diesler No. of pages: 14 pages + 6 pages attachment Date: 31 August 2009
C O N T E N T S 1. Summary 2. General objectives and terms of reference 3. Conduction of the olfactometric determination 4. Results 5. Discussion of the results 6. Literature Attachment (6 pages)
1. Summary The Lippeverband operates a sewage treatment plant at Voerder Strasse in 46535 Dinslaken and is currently taking measures in various parts of the plant to reduce odours. A test facility to reduce odour has been operated in the screening building by the Finnish company Desinfinator as a trial. In order to prove whether a measurable reduction in odour can be achieved with the procedure, odour measurements were taken in the screening building on two separate dates (with and without the operation of the test facility). In addition, ozone measurements were conducted during the operation of the test facility. The Lippeverband commissioned the ANECO Institut für Umweltschutz GmbH & Co., appointed by a decree by the Ministry for Environmental Protection and Nature Conservation, Agriculture and Consumer Affairs of North-Rhine Westphalia [1] pursuant to 26, 28 BImSchG [2], with the conduction of the odour measurements in the screening building with and without the operation of the test facility. The measuring point was set up in consultation with the Lippeverband at a position in the screening building that was as representative as possible and in the same place for each of the two sampling dates. All operational parameters were maintained as constant as possible on both measurement dates. Three samples each were taken on two measurement dates, on 20.08.09 without and on 25.08.09 with the operation of the test facility, with a duration of 30 minutes in each case. A total of 6 samples were taken and analysed. In addition, the ozone concentration in the screening building was determined on the second date with the test facility. In the operation of the screening plant without test facility, odour concentrations of 13300 OUE/m³ were identified. Upon the deployment of the test facility, the odorous substance concentration fell clearly to 4000 OUE/m³. A reduction in odorous substance concentration of 9300 OUE/m³ was observed. According to a statement by the Lippeverband, the operational conditions were comparable on both measurement dates. The ozone concentration during operation of the test facility was < 3.0 µg/m³. As there is currently no new workplace limitation for ozone in interior spaces, the TRGS 900 workplace limitation value of 200 µg/m³, which is no longer valid for technical reasons, is taken as a reference.
2. General objectives and terms of reference The Lippeverband operates a sewage treatment plant at Voerder Strasse in 46535 Dinslaken and is currently taking measures in various parts of the plant to reduce odours. A test facility to reduce odour has been operated in the screening building by the Finnish company Desinfinator as a trial. In order to prove whether a measurable reduction in odour can be achieved with the procedure, odour measurements were taken in the screening building on two separate dates (with and without the operation of the test facility). The Lippeverband commissioned the ANECO Institut für Umweltschutz GmbH & Co., appointed by a decree by the Ministry for Environmental Protection and Nature Conservation, Agriculture and Consumer Affairs of North-Rhine Westphalia [1] pursuant to 26, 28 BImSchG [2], with the conduction of the odour measurements in the screening building with and without the operation of the test facility. The following picture shows the location of the screening building in the sewage treatment plant. PICTURE 1: Location of the screening building of the Dinslaken sewage treatment plant
The test facility of the company DESINFINATOR OY LTD to reduce odours is presented in the following picture. During the second sampling date on 25 August 2009 the devices were operational with sufficient lead time. PICTURE 2: Test facility of the company DESINFINATOR OY LTD
3. Conduction of the olfactometric determination 3.1 Samples The conduction of the measurements took place in accordance with the provisions of DIN EN 13725 Air quality Determination of odorous substance concentration with dynamic olfactometry [3]. Static sampling procedures were employed based on the source to be examined. In static sampling the sample is taken according to the lung principle in an odourless sample container. The sample bag is placed in an airtight container and air is removed from the container by means of a pump. The negative pressure in the container causes the bag to fill up. In addition, the air temperature and the relative moisture in the screening building are specified. In order to determine the ozone concentration in the screening building during operation of the test facilities, a discontinuous sampling was conducted with two Muenke wash bottles that were darkened and connected one behind the other. Here the air sample was taken by means of a potassium iodide solution. The extinction of the iodine solution is proportional to the ozone concentration of the air sample and was recorded spectroscopically at a wavelength of 350 nm. 3.2 Measuring point The measuring point was set up in consultation with the Lippeverband at a position in the screening building that was as representative as possible and in the same place for each of the two sampling dates. All operational parameters were maintained as constant as possible on both measurement dates. The schematic structure of the screening building and the sampling point is illustrated in the following picture.
PICTURE 3: Schematic representation of the screening building, the test facility (red) and the sampling point
The sampling point in the screening building is shown in the picture below. PICTURE 4: Sampling point in the screening building
3.3 Measuring height The odorous substance and ozone samples were taken at a height of around 1.75 m above the ground and at a distance of more than 1.5 m from the side walls or other obstacles. 3.4 Duration of the sampling and number of samples Three odorous substance samples each were taken on two measurement dates with a duration of 30 minutes each. A total of 6 samples were taken and analysed. In addition the ozone concentration in the test facility was determined on the measurement date with repeat determination and a sampling duration of 2 hours. 3.5 Transport and storage of the samples prior to measurement During transport and storage the samples were kept at 25 C and not exposed to direct sunlight in order to minimise photochemical reactions and diffusion.
3.6 Presentation of the odorous substances to the examiners The odorous substance concentration is determined by a panel of selected and verified persons, who are presented with this sample in different concentrations by means of dilution with neutral air. The purpose is to find the dilution factor at which in 50 % of cases an odour is perceived (Z 50 ). The presentation was carried out according to the yes/no model, i.e. the examiners are asked to evaluate the gas presented and to state whether an odour is perceived (yes/no). Three measurement rounds were conducted for each of the 6 sample bags, i.e. three measurement values were determined for each sample taken and the average was calculated. The measurement unit for odorous substance concentration is the European Odour Unit per cubic metre [OU E /m³]. The odorous substance concentration is measured by determining the dilution factor that is necessary to reach the perception threshold. The odorous substance concentration at the perception threshold is defines as 1 OU E /m³. The odorous substance concentration is then expressed as a multiple of the perception threshold. The field of measurement usually lies between 10 1 and 10 7 OU E /m³.
3.6.1 Olfactometer The data of the olfactometer used are summarised in the following list. Olfactometer Make: ECOMA GmbH, Kiel Type: TO7 Year of construction: 1997 Series number: EO.033 Dilution principle: gas jet pump Integrated predilution: pre-mix ratio adjustable with gas jet pump Dilution air: ambient air Preparation of the diluted air: particle filter, silica gel and activated carbon filter Control mechanism of the flow rates: variable area flow meters; optical control of the dilution setting Excess outlet for air samples: pre-mix expelled air by means of activated carbon filter Number of outlets for odour samples: 1 per test person position Number of test persons working at the device at the same time: 4 Design of the olfactometer outlet: unsealed stainless steel Volume flow of the odour sample: 1.2 m³/h per measuring point during the inhalation phase Largest variable dilution with / without predilution: 640 / 64000 Smallest variable dilution with / without predilution: 2.5 / 62.5 Standard deviation of the settings of the dilution stages: < 10 % Detection limit of the olfactometric measurement facility: 7 OU E /m³ Repeatability r: 0.126 Accuracy σw: 0.096 Date of the last calibration: factory calibration by the company Ecoma (05.02.09) Humidifying unit for neutral air: no Humidifying unit for odour sample: no Response time: < 1 s Adjustment time: < 1.5 s
3.6.2 Panel of test persons In order to determine the odorous substance concentrations a panel of 4 test persons was selected. Prior to the olfactometric examinations the odour thresholds of the test persons are checked in accordance with the requirements of the Odour Emissions Guidelines (Geruchsimmissions-Richtlinie GIRL [4]) with the test gases n-butanol, and for internal quality control, with hydrogen sulphide. The features of the test gases used are summarised in the following list. Test gas n-butanol: Manufacturer: Date of production: Stability guarantee: Certified: Test gas cylinder no: Traced: Test gas H 2 S: Manufacturer: Date of production: Stability guarantee: Certified: Test gas cylinder no: 60 ppm in nitrogen Westfalen AG 25.09.2008 12 months yes / 5 % G 317897 NMI-Standard 4.08 mg/m³ in nitrogen Air Liquide 31.10.2008 12 months yes / 3 % 8101 H Verification of the certificate by: ANECO Laboratory
4. Results The values of the odour measurements are presented in the following tables and diagrams, with and without the operation of the test facility. Measurement Without operation of the test facility: Sample label Measurement time Start End Odorous substance concentration [OU E /m³] Temperature [ C] relative moisture [%] 1 Lip1-11:28 11:58 13000 25.4 68 2 Lip2-12:00 12:30 16000 25.4 73 3 Lip3-12:35 13:05 11000 25.4 73 Average: 13300 25.4 71 Measurement With operation of the test facility: Sample label Measurement time Start End Odorous substance concentration [OU E /m³] Temperature [ C] relative moisture [%] 1 Lip1-12:05 12:30 5300 22.4 84 2 Lip2-12:32 13:02 2800 22.4 86 3 Lip3-13:05 13:30 4000 22.4 90 Average: 4000 22.4 87
The values of the ozone concentration (repeat determination) in the screening building are presented in the following table. Measurement Sample label Measurement time Start End Ozone concentration [ug/m 3 ] Temperature [ C] 1 LipAB-250809 12:05 14:05 < 3.0 22 2 LipCD-250809 12:05 14:05 < 3.0 22
5. Discussion of the results During operation of the screening plant without test facilities, odorous substance concentrations of 13300 OU E /m³ were found. The deployment of the test facility greatly reduced the odorous substance concentration to the degree of 4000 OU E /m³. According to Lippeverband the operational conditions on both measurement dates were comparable. The ozone concentration during operation of the test facility was < 3.0 µg/m³. As there is currently no new workplace limitation for ozone in interior spaces, the TRGS 900 workplace limitation value of 200 µg/m³, which is no longer valid for technical reasons, is taken as a reference.
6. Literature [1] Bekanntgabe des Ministeriums für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz NRW vom 18.07.2005; Az.: V-3-8817.4.2 [2] Bundesimmissionsschutzgesetz Gesetz zum Schutz vor schädlichen Umwelteinwirkungen durch Luftverunreinigungen, Geräusche, Erschütterungen und ähnliche Vorgänge (Bundesimmissionsschutzgesetz - BlmSchG) vom 09. Oktober 1996, zuletzt geändert am 23.10.2007 (BGBI. I, S. 2470) [3] DIN EN 13725 Luftbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung der Geruchsstoffkonzentration mit dynamischer Olfaktometrie Stand: April 2006 [4] Feststellung und Beurteilung von Geruchsimmissionen (Geruchsimmissions-Richtlinie GIRL), mit Begründung und Auslegungshinweisen in der Fassung vom 29. Februar 2008. A N E C O Institut für Umweltschutz GmbH & Co. Monchengladbach, 31 August 2009 /TD The specialist responsible: The advisor: (Dipl.-lng. Torsten Diesler)
A T T A C H M E N T : Measurement and calculated values
NOTE: This is an example table with the translations. Original tables are in German. Location of the measurement: ANECO GmbH & Co. <> Wehnerstrasse 1-7 <> 41068 Mönchengladbach Olfactometry (measurement data reading) analogue to EN13725 Attachment F page 58 Sample label Order number Company: Lippeverband Lip-1 090550P Lab staff : Borcherding Field staff Type of odour Serial no. Time sample Time Lab Diesler Sewage plant 8260 end 11:58 16:41 Description of the strongly putrid odour Predilution >= 1: 1 Time sample end to lab 4:43 Breathing [ms]: 2200 Break betw. samples [s]: 60 Rinse duration [s]: 5 % zero samples: 51 Temp. measuring room 22 Temperature drift[ C]: < 3 [ C] : Okay Precision from 23.6.08 Accuracy from 23.6.08 0.1034 0.1582 Odour neutrality of TO7: yes= X no = Sampling Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Entries from T07 HeP ReS GiF SaS 16000 8000 16000 32000 16000 4000 8000 8000 8000 8000 2000 16000 Round 1 Test person All values within tolerance - - Z IET First reading Second reading Z IET 8Z Z IET 8Z max 5 max 5 HeP 16000 ReS 8000 GiF 16000 SaS 32000 22627 1.7 22627 1.7 11314-1.2 11314-1.2 22627 1.7 22627 1.7 45255 3.4 45255 3.4 Round 2 Z IET Z IET 8Z Z IET max 5 8Z max 5 HeP 16000 ReS 4000 GiF 8000 SaS 8000 22627 1.7 22627 1.7 5657-2.4 5657-2.4 11314-1.2 11314-1.2 11314-1.2 11314-1.2 Round 3 Z IET Z IET 8Z Z IET max 5 8Z max 5 HeP 8000 ReS 8000 GiF 2000 SaS 16000 11314-1.2 11314-1.2 11314-1.2 11314-1.2 2828-4.8 2828-4.8 22627 1.7 22627 1.7 13000 GE/m 3 8 Z IET (Z 50) 13454 Value without any predilution