Hydro-Quebec s experience with HYPERSIM Real-time Power System Simulator Christian Larose, Power System Simulation, Hydro-Québec (CANADA) June 26, 2013
Presentation overview > Application of Hypersim at Hydro-Quebec, for both HIL testing and off-line simulation FACTS HVDC Wind Power Smart grid, Wide-Area Control Systems Specific Protection System and Protection relays 2
Hydro-Québec s Power System: Major Generating and Transmission Facilities > Hydro-Québec generates, transmits and distributes electricity, mainly using renewable energy sources, in particular hydroelectricity. > Installed capacity: 37 000 MW Québec > 15 interconnections with systems in neighboring provinces and states. > Very long transmission line with series compensation. Numerous FACTS devices. > By 2015, HQ will be carrying about 4 000 MW of wind power over the transmission system. 3 Ontario Vermont New-York USA Maine New- Brunswick
Wind Generation in Quebec Actually in service: ~2000 MW In service by 2015: ~4000 MW Technical challenges of wind power in the gaspe peninsula Very low short-circuit Remote network with no other generation Connected at Levis substation with series compensated lines Approx. 2000MW of Wind Power from various manufacturer and technology (Type II-III-IV) 4
Hardware-in-the-Loop testing at Hydro-Quebec simulation labs 1996 Analog simulator (TNA) 2013 Hypersim Digital simulator «Hypersim gathers more than 30 years of experience in Real-time Power System simulation» 5
What is HYPERSIM? > HYPERSIM Is a Real-Time Power System Simulator developed by Hydro-Quebec for Electro-Magnetic Transient (EMT) Is used by Hydro-Quebec for HIL testing of all critical controls connected to its power system HVDCs, SVCs, Protection relays, PSS, etc Is also used for off-line simulation, in complement of traditional tools, for fast-simulation of complex network Example: Wind Power Plant detailed simulation 6
HYPERSIM s unique features? > HYPERSIM has been designed by power system engineer for power system engineer Automatic task mapping according to available processors and I/O constraints The same simulation can be performed on a supercomputer or any linux PC Great flexibility to integrate user-defined model into simulation Simulink model, C-Coded model, DLL or «black-box» model 7
The benefits of power system simulation > Over the years, EMT simulation and real-time HIL testing has proven to be very cost-effective Testing of Control and Protection Commissioning of interconnections Operating strategies Optimisation and settings Maintenance and training New concepts validation 9
Application examples: FACTS testing > Chenier Static Var Compensator (Quebec) > Levis Synchronous Condenser (Quebec) > Langlois Variable Frequency Transformer (Quebec-USA) 10
Application examples: HVDC testing > Outaouais HVDC Interconnection, (Quebec-Ontario) > Châteauguay HVDC Interconnection (Quebec-USA) > Radisson-Nicolet-Boston Multi-terminal HVDC line Comparaison of simulation results vs field measurements 11
Application examples: Wind Power > Hypersim is used for 1. Model Validation 2. Aggregation techniques of Wind Power Plant 3. Large-Scale Integration Studies (Real-time or Off-line) > Hypersim is the perfect tool for Wind Power integration Any user s model can be integrated into simulation Simulink model, C-coded model, any DLL or «black-box» model supplied by manufacturer Detailed simulation of Wind Power Plant with all turbines represented can be achieved. «While traditional synchronous generation modeling relies on physics, Wind Generation modeling is all about controls» 12
Application examples: Wind Power User s Wind turbine model Modeling the Wind Power Plant, including the collector system To 230kV network #25 3-phases fault Grounding transformer #62 PCC 34.5kV Integration into Hypersim simulation 1-phase fault #64 13
Application examples: Wind Power > The ability to simulate Wind Power Plant with all turbines represented brings unique research opportunity Capability to evaluate the reliability of reduced/aggregated model Fault current contribution of WT/WPP Impact of individual control and protection Situation where only few turbines trip Research that are still under progress at HQ Interaction with SSR, control interaction, resonance, harmonic/inter-harmonic emissions, voltage flickers Operation strategies, inertial response WPP: «Wind Power Plant» 14
Application examples: Wind Power 1- Model Validation > Results of «on-line monitoring» are used to fine-tune and validate EMT model of WT EMT model of WPP (non-public model) Comparison at turbine level during a remote fault «On-line monitoring» vs «EMT model» Lessons learned «Various cases of disturbances and operating conditions must be used to increase the validity of the model» WT: «Wind Turbine» WPP: «Wind Power Plant» 16
Application examples: Wind Power 2- Aggregation techniques of WPP > The validity of the «NREL equivalencing method» has been demonstrated Lessons learned «More than one equivalent WT is not necessary for modeling a WPP when all WT are exposed to the same wind speed» Comparison of 4 different WPP models during a 2-phase fault. - a detailed WPP model with 73 WTs - a 1-, 2- and 4-WT equivalent WPP models WPP detailed model (73 WTs) WPP equivalent models 1-WT Eq 2-WT Eq 4-WT Eq 17
Application examples: Wind Power 3- Large-scale integration studies Real-time simulation of the Hydro-Québec power system with HVDC interconnections and 25 Wind Power Plants* (see next slide) * Hydro-Québec received the «2011 UWIG Achievement Award» for Contributions to the Large-Scale Real-Time Simulation of Wind Power Plants 18
Wind Power - Example of large-scale integration studies Hydro-Québec power system HVDC line Quebec-USA (HIL) New England Eastern Network Eastern Network Gaspé Peninsula Simulation overview - 780 bus & 189 power lines - 25 WPPs (DFIG single- eq.) - 35 Synchronous Generators - 7 SVCs & 6 Synch. Condensers - More than 150 sat. transformers -1 Multi-Terminal HVDC line 19 using HIL controllers (3x)
Applications examples: Smart grid, Wide-Area Control Systems and Specific Protection System > Smart grid and Wide Area Controls (WACS) testing PMU «Phase Measurment Unit» PDC «Phasor Data Concentrator» SSU «Substation Synchronous Unit» > Local controls & Specific Protection System (SPS) testing LID, OLD, RPS, SMCT, MB-PSS, Protection relays 20
Applications examples: Smart grid, Wide-Area Control Systems and Specific Protection System > Testing the performance of a «Local Instability Detector» (LID) Voltages at specific buses during a SLG-fault followed by loss of 3 lines. Without «LID» With action of «LID» 21
Partnership > Strategic partnership for technical exchange and R&D collaboration China-EPRI The Mathworks http://www.epri.sgcc.com.cn/en/facilities/stategrid/ http://www.mathworks.com/company/user_stories/userstory51076.html 22
Conclusions > Over the years, HIL testing of all critical controls using Hypersim has proven to be very cost-effective for Hydro-Quebec. We will be pleased to receive you in Hydro-Quebec simulation labs for more technical discussions Thanks for your time! 24