Cargotec improves the efficiency of cargo flows on land and at sea Cargotec s daughter brands Hiab, Kalmar and MacGregor are recognised leaders in cargo and load handling Cargotec s sales totalled EUR 2.6 billion in 2009 and it employs more than 9,500 people, MacGregor sales totalled EUR 1.0 billion in 2009 and it employs more than 2,300 people Hatch Covers Cranes Lashing RoRo & Naval Equipment Land & Port Systems Bulk Handling Systems Offshore Equipment Service Slide 2 9/24/2010
Container carriers MacGregor fully integrated cargo flow solutions: Hatch covers Fixed and loose container lashings for deck and hold Lashing bridges on deck Cell guides on deck and in the hold LashMate lashing calculation software Services: Container carrier cargo concept design Lifecycle services Installation concept and supervision Slide 3 9/24/2010
WHY CONTAINER SECURING? Slide 4 9/24/2010
Good reasons to secure the containers The container is a weak box loaded with heavy cargo inside and above. The mass of the cargo will be accelerated by the movements of the ship as response of the sea conditons. Vertical acceleration up to 1,5 x mass Transversal acceleration up to 0,7 x mass Longitudinal acceleration up to 0,4 x mass Additionally wind and green sea is loaded to the containers in exposed areas. The container is the weakest link in the lashing chain! Slide 5 9/24/2010
Typical damages of containers (1) Racking Racking is the deformation of the container end or side frame resulting from transversal or longitudinal forces. ISO container racking limit nominally 150kN Horizontal supports for example, diagonal lashings help to shift the force to deck. Slide 6 9/24/2010
Typical damages of containers (2) Toppling Tendency of a container to pivot on its bottom edge and to overturn by rolling motions of the ship. Twist locks with SWL of 250 kn are used to hold containers. Lashings applied help to keep containers down. Slide 7 9/24/2010
Typical damages of containers (3) Container collapse Container collapse results from exceeded allowable compression on the container corner posts or corner castings. Allowed corner post compression abt 850 kn and corner castings 1000 kn Limiting stack weight, high number of lashings increase compression. Slide 8 9/24/2010
Typical damages of containers (4) Local structural failure Is the separation of structural components of a container. The most common type involves the separation of the corner casting and end of side rails. Lashing load limits on a corner casting typically 150kN horizontally and 300 kn vertically should be adhered to in order to prevent this type of failure. Slide 9 9/24/2010
CONTAINER SECURING SYSTEMS DECK Slide 10 9/24/2010
Lashings and locks between containers On deck between container layers twist-locks or other locks. In end of the containers lashing applied from deck or from lashing bridges 24.9.2010 11
Lashings and locks between containers 20 containers in a 40 bay also without lashings between or topped up with 40 containers Automatic locking between stacks 24.9.2010 12
Paralash single or double cross Turnbuckle and lashing bar SWL 250 kn. SWL for locks between containers 250 kn 24.9.2010 13
Paralash external system Lower angle for lashing better stack weight and higher gravity center 24.9.2010 14
Cellguides on deck No locks or lashings needed Bays deducated for 20 or 40 containers 24.9.2010 15
Lashingbridges on deck Turnbuckles and locks as from deck Higher stack weight and gravity center due to higher lashing connection point 24.9.2010 16
Lashingbridges on deck MacGregor Top Lashing Bridge with raised lashing level Better loading as with standard Lashing Bridge 24.9.2010 17
Lashing system effect to stack weight 24.9.2010 18
CONTAINER SECURING SYSTEMS HOLD Slide 19 9/24/2010
Mixed stowage system with cell guides Terminal stackers between containers OSHA proof Stackers with flange or w/o flange. 20 containers with reduced stack weight also topped up with 40 containers Slide 20 9/24/2010
Block stowage pressure system Stacking cones and pressure elements fitted in hold non OSHA proof Can be used for 20 ends combined with 40 cells. Full stack weights Hold can be fitted both for mixed stowage system and block stowage system Rows to have same height of containers and no empty rows or partial opening possible Slide 21 9/24/2010
Block stowage pressure/tension system Rows to have same height of containers Empty rows and partial opening possible Slide 22 9/24/2010
Anti rack spacer system Spacers fitted in hold non OSHA proof Used for 20 ends combined with 40 cells. Full stack weights Hold can be fitted both for mixed stowage system and ARS system Partial opening possible Slide 23 9/24/2010
SECURING FITTINGS DECK Slide 24 9/24/2010
Fixed fittings - deck Raised twist-lock foundations For moving locations sliding or elongated hole Fixed lashing plate Dovetail foundation for smaller loads D-ring lashing for flat needs 24.9.2010 25
Loose fittings - deck Manual twist-locks, for OSHA only bottom tier Reinforced type with wear indicator Midlock for 20 automatic locking 24.9.2010 26
Loose fittings - deck Fully symmetrical semi automatic lock CV-20 Dual function semi automatic or manual Can be left on vessel or lift with container ready to go ashore safely locked 24.9.2010 27
Loose fittings - deck One wire semi automatic lock C5AM-DF Dual function semi automatic or manual Can be left on vessel or lift with container by handle operation direction 24.9.2010 28
Loose fittings - deck FAL lock Symmetrical FAT automatic twist-lock Automatic locking and unlocking Positive locking for locations with lashing to sustain calculated lashing loads 24.9.2010 29
Loose fittings - deck Multilash system diagonal and vertical lashings Fast adjustment for different container heights 24.9.2010 30
Loose fittings - deck Turnbuckle with slack reducer safety by sure locked turnbuckle 24.9.2010 31
Loose fittings - deck Operation rods for semi-automatic twist-locks 24.9.2010 32
SECURING FITTINGS HOLD Slide 33 9/24/2010
Fixed fittings - hold Welding cones for cell guide location Guide fitting for 20 intermediate ends Doubling plate or twistlock pockets for multipurpose or combined systems 24.9.2010 34
Loose fittings - hold Flangeless terminal stacker for mixed OSHA system Terminal stacker with flange for mixed OSHA system 24.9.2010 35
Loose fittings - hold Fittings for transversal systems Fittings for ARS system 24.9.2010 36
Loose fittings - hold Flats and storage bins for convinient storage and transport of fittings for pier or deck operation 24.9.2010 37
Loose fittings - hold Cargo securing manuals LashMate loading caluculation program 24.9.2010 38
Service kits Service kits for loose fittings 24.9.2010 39
Design services Cell guide systems Stanchions and platforms 24.9.2010 40