No Cost/Low Cost Energy Saving Strategies Randall D. Manteufel University of Texas at San Antonio Energy Efficiency in Local Government andschool Districts in the Border Region No Cost/Low Cost Relatively Easy to Identify Within Existing Budget (or small additional costs) Look at 12 items: 1 Energy/Environmental Policy 2 Energy/Environmental Manager 3 Turn it Off Don t Allow 4 Turn it Down 5 The Electric Bill 6 Benchmark Performance Categories: Organizational Turn it off/down/automate Fix, clean, maintain Know the system Occupant behavior Communicate 7 Walking Audit 8 Operations & Maintenance 9 Meet with Staff & Occupants 10 Automate 11 Electric Load Profiles 12 Outreach & Recognition 1
1. Energy/Environmental Policy High level organizational buy in essential Authority promotes action New buildings should consider the use of sustainable features and be designed to LEED Silver Authority Acountability Responsibility Example UTSA Energy Management Program Program Goals and Objectives The present UTSA main campus and downtown energy reduction primary goal is to reduce cumulative electrical, natural gas, chilled water and steam consumption (on a building square footage basis) by 10% over the next five (5) years. Organizational Structure energy manager, facilities operations and planning Energy Consumption and Monitoring utility bills, records, evaluate, compare Energy Audits regular walk through of buildings continuous auditing using energy management system Capital Outlay Plan identify and prioritize energy savings projects Energy Education dissemination information UTSA Handbook of Operating Proceedures http://www.utsa.edu/hop/chapter9/9-24.cfm 2
Example Independent School District Texas Association of School Boards www.tasb.org 2. Energy/Environmental Manager Need someone with Director Facilities Responsibility Authority M&O Within Facilities Campus I Operations Maintenance Planning Construction Energy/Environmental M&O Campus II M&O Campus III Planning Construction Supervision Energy /Envir Management 3
3. Turn it Off Don t Allow Lights Interior Classrooms Hallways Bathrooms Gym, band hall, cafeteria, theatre, shop, labs Exterior Building doors/sidewalks Parking Based on time/day: Occupied, Evening, Night Occupance Sensor Plug Loads Computers (Off nights/weekends) Personal refrigerators/appliances Personal space heaters 4. Turn it Down Temperature Setbacks Time: occupied/evening/night Day: M F, weekend, vacations Temperature on Hot Water Heater Very high: above 170 F High: 140 169 F Medium: 130 139 F Medium Low: 120 129 F Low: less than 120 F Exhaust Rates Toilet, Shop, Lab, Locker, Kitchen Install Programmable Thermostat Room Temp Hot Water Temp www.thedailygreen.com www.rusticgirls.com husbandtribe.com 4
5. The Electric Bill Need to understand current use, 12 months data Electricity Natural gas Other? Review Electric Bills Demand charges? Power factor penalties? Monthly Use, kwh 180000 $14,000 160000 $12,000 140000 $10,000 120000 100000 $8,000 80000 $6,000 60000 Use, kwh $4,000 40000 Monthly Bill 20000 $2,000 0 $0 Nov 07 Feb 08 Jun 08 Sep 08 Dec 08 Monthly Bi ill 6. Benchmark Performance Use Energy Star Portfolio Manager Building EUI Building EUI Compare with Similar Buildings 5
7. Walking Audit Walk through the Buildings Graph of Space Temperature and Heater Coil Current Temperature Heater Coil Current Look for waste Simultaneous heating & cooling Leaky envelope Lights Use Forms Date/time Check list Temperature 72 70 68 66 64 62 60 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 Hour of Day 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Heater Coil Current (A Observations www.energy.wsu.edu/documents/rem/ energyaudit/audit1.pdf 8. Operations & Maintenance Staff know how the building operates Match the following: Stuck Air Filters Leaky Cooling Coils Clogged Valves and Ducts Missing Dampers Dirty Insulation Encourage Preventative Maintenance Program Buildings don't run themselves. 6
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9. Meet with Staff & Occupants Regular meetings Explain Policies Our utility bills are more than Show Impact of Action all the money we spend on textbooks. tb Savings, $$$ Positive Feedback Who to invite? Cleaning staff Maintenance staff Teachers/Parents/Students Focus on Continuous Improvement Any waste? Ideas for improvement? Dialogue (not monologue) www.photonics.com.cn 10. Automate Programmable Thermostats Some occupant control Reasonable over rides rides Lighting control Switch in room Occupancy sensor Energy Management System Monitory Use Look for patterns Opportunities for setbacks Opportunities for VSD Record d& Rti Retain Energy Use Dt Data Record Upgrades to System Evaluate Energy Savings Upgrade may be major investment Siemens Building Technologies 8
11. Electric Load Profiles Understand Energy Use Look for patterns Night use Peak Demand/Time Evening use Wednesday, Jan 14 Feb 4, 2009 100 300 Monday, June 2008 Demand, kw 80 60 40 20 0 14 Jan 21 Jan 28 Jan 4 Feb Demand, kw 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 6 12 18 24 2 Jun 9 Jun 16 Jun 23 Jun 30 Jun 0 6 12 18 24 Hour of Day HVAC Cycling? Something is happening here. Hour of Day 12. Outreach & Recognition Programs Watt Watchers Edu Watts not Kilo Watts Positive feedback Use Newsletter/Media Monthly Newsletter/Email Engage Students/Teachers Conservation competitions Increase the visibility of energy www.reducethejuice.ca www.pasadenaisd.org www.austingeosoc.org 9
Summary Looked at 12 Low /No Cost Suggestions: 1 Energy/Environmental Policy 2 Energy/Environmental Manager 3 Turn it Off Don t Allow 4 Turn it Down 5 The Electric Bill 6 Benchmark Performance 7 Walking Audit 8 Operations & Maintenance 9 Meet with Staff & Occupants 10 Automate 11 Electric Load dprofiles 12 Outreach & Recognition Know more great suggestions exist out of time 10