OVERVIEW OF BIOGAS IN INDIA ANIL DHUSSA ADVISER, MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY, NEW DELHI

OVERVIEW OF BIOGAS IN INDIA ANIL DHUSSA ADVISER, MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY, NEW DELHI

Indian Pwer Sectr at a Glance Renewable, 13% Nuclear 2% Gas, 9% Thermal, 58% Hydr, 18% Ttal installed capacity : 2,30,000 MW Thermal 1,56,000 Hydr 40,000 Gas 21,000 Renewable 30,000 Nuclear 4800

Indian Renewable Energy at a Glance Small Hydr 3,770 MW 13% Slar 2200 MW 4% Ttal Installed capacity 30,000 MW Bi Pwer, 3,800 MW 14% Wind, 20300 MW 69%

Renewable Energy in India - Credentials 5 th Psitin in verall RE Capacity Installatin wrld-wide 5 th largest Wind Pwer capacity 2 nd largest number f Bigas plants 6 millin decentralized RE systems Renewable is the secnd largest surce f pwer generatin after thermal.

Ptential f Bigas in India Agricultural residues / energy crps 141 M.ha. f arable land prducing ver 700 MTA bimass estimated surplus ~ 150 MTA 50 M.ha arable land is under mn crpping - ptential fr shrt cycle cellulsic bimass. Cattle dung and Pultry drppings 1000 MTA frm 300 millin cws & buffales. 8 MTA frm 500 millin pultry birds. MSW By 2020 urban ppulatin likely t be 550 mil - wuld generate > 100 MTA f MSW

Imprtance and Relevance f Bigas Agricultural residues / energy crps Bimethanatin f Bi-waste enhances energy security thrugh efficient utilizatin f lcal resurce. Manure AD prduces superir rganic manure, required fr sustaining sil fertility. Industrial AD Plant residues can be treated t prduce rganic fertilizer f assured quality Municipal Slid Waste Rapidly grwing urban pllutin and scarcity f land necessitate alternate slutins t landfills Decentralised Bigas Plants fr treating segregated rganic MSW wuld be an effective slutin

Bigas in India A few brad applicatins 4.7 M Husehld bigas plants based n cattle manure mainly fr prducing cking fuel Mid sized bigas plants based n cattle manure and ther similar wastes fr heat, electricity r mtive pwer Bigas frm urban and industrial wastes and effluents C-digestin f farm / agricultural residues with urban and industrial wastes

Sme Recent Prjects 2.4 MW prject based n mix f pultry drppings, cattle manure alng with sme agr industrial wastes after MW scale prjects based n nly cattle dung Abut ten prjects n prductin and upgradatin f bigas t Cmpressed Natural Gas Quality fuel. Capacity ranges frm 0.4 t 8 TPD bi-cng. 1.6 MW pwer frm sugar industry slid waste Bi-CNG and Pwer frm bigas at distilleries and STPs Bigas upgradatin t Natural Gas Quality, Bi-CNG, fr use as transprt fuel These prjects are in additin t the husehld units, small and large pwer generatin prjects based n cattle manure and industrial wastes

Bigas Plant Designs Tp: Flating drum Bttm:Fixed dme

Bigas frm Industrial Wastes Likely WTE Capacities Distillery effluent : 1 MW / 30 kl Dairies (milk prcessing) : 100 kw / 3 lakh litres Paper Mills (Black Liq.+) : 1 MW / 60 TPD paper Slaughterhuse waste : 100 kw / 10-12 TPD Pultry drppings : 1 MW / 1 Millin birds Cattle manure : 100 kw / 25 TPD

Bigas frm distillery spent wash: Capacity Bigas prductin Pwer generatin : - Steam turbine rute - Reciprcating Engine 30 kl 12000 cum./day 0.5 MW 1 MW One f the majr surces Cst Payback perid Rs. 45 Mill / MW 3-4 years

Bigas Prject at a Dairy Cmplex in Ludhiana Capacity: 1.0 MW pwer frm bigas prduced frm abut 250 tnnes/day f cattle manure

1.2 MW pwer prject based n cattle manure Dairy Clny in Jabalpur

Bigas frm bagasse wash water Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Cmpany

Bigas frm slid waste at Slaughterhuse Capacity: 3000 cum / day

Bigas frm Sugar Industry Slid Waste (Press mud) Sugar Industry prduces slid waste knwn as Press Mud Quantity f Press Mud prduced is abut 3.5 t 4% f the sugarcane crushed Bigas yield per tnne f press mud : 100 cum. (40 kg Bi-CNG r 50 litres diesel) Bigas yield per tnne f cane crushed: : 4 cum. (1.6 kg Bi-CNG r 2 litres diesel)

Characteristics f Bi-CNG Parameters Bigas Bi-CBG Methane (v/v) 55-65% 92-98% CO 2 (v/v) 35-45% 2-8% H 2 S (ppm) 500 30,000 <20 ppm Misture Saturated < -40 deg Other Impurities Present Nt present Calrific Value (LCV) 1 kg f BiCBG= 1.5 liter f Petrl ~ 19500 kj/kg ~ 52000 kj/kg 17

First large scale Bi- CNG plant in India 18

Bigas cleaning system fr H 2 S remval 19

Bigas cleaning system fr CO 2 remval 20

Bi-CNG Cascade 21

Use f digested press mud as Organic manure Maize Cabbage 22

Gvernment Supprt fr Bigas Prgramme Subsidy fr installatin : ~20% f cst Preferential tariff fr sale f generated electricity Fiscal Incentives / Cncessins - Accelerated depreciatin - Imprt duty - Excise duty fr RE devices - Incme Tax Spnsrship fr Research and Develpment

Other Plicy Measures fr prmtin f Bigas Prgramme Open access t electricity grid fr the pwer frm renewable surces including AD Preferential tariffs assigned by State regulatrs fr sale f electricity RE Pwer Obligatins fr Transmissin Cmpanies Captive generatin decntrlled Plicy framewrk fr pumping upgraded Bigas int gas grids and fr price fixatin fr Bi-CNG wrk in prgress

Thank Yu akdhussa@nic.in anildhussa@yah.cm