Climate neutral buildings and districts first projects in Germany Oliver Rosebrock, November 14, New York
Where are we located? 253.000 624.000 8.500.000 NYC 1.250 people / km² 2.855 people / km² Germany 10.350 people / km² Stuttgart Braunschweig 14.11.2017 Page 2
Who we are Technology and Innovation Network MNF UNIV.-PROF. DR.-ING. M. NORBERT FISCH Stuttgart Braunschweig Aachen Shanghai Bangkok Partner in Research + Science Steinbeis-TZ Stuttgart EGS-plan Stuttgart energydesign Braunschweig EGSplan Int. Bangkok Institut für Gebäudeund Solartechnik IGS TU Braunschweig Synavision RWTH Aachen TU Braunschweig renewable energy applications renewable energy applications integral energy concepts integral energy concepts building physics building physics building services building services 14.11.2017 Page 3
change [%] Goals of the future in Germany Long term objectives 2050 100 80 60 electricity consump. 25 % RE + 60 % 40 primary energy consump. 50 % 20 0 1990 2020 2030 2040 2050 CO 2 - emission 80 % 14.11.2017 Page 4
Energy supply today PE MW power plants households, trade, commerce and services PE-consumption electricity industry How? traffic natural gas PE PE 14.11.2017 Page 5
future strategy 1 - RE PE MW power plants households, trade, commerce and services PE-consumption electricity industry traffic natural gas PE PE 14.11.2017 Page 6
future strategy 2 E-Mobility PE MW power plants households, trade, commerce and services PE-consumption electricity industry traffic natural gas PE PE 14.11.2017 Page 7
future strategy 3 efficiency PE electricity MW power plants η households, trade, commerce and services PE-consumption industry η traffic η natural gas PE PE 14.11.2017 Page 8
Vision of energy supply - decentraliaztion industry Smart Homes Green City Tower district e-mobility residential buildings Smart Buildings CO 2 - neutral academy nonresidential builidngs E-- Mobility 14.11.2017 Page 9
Roadmap Germany German National Roadmap Energy efficient buildings and cities Goal: By 2020 all new buildings are nearly zero-energy buildings 14.11.2017 Page 10
The road to climate neutral city districts from buildings to districts Aktivhaus+, Ffm-Riedberg AktivStadthaus, Frankfurt Berghalde, Warmbronn Frankfurt Neumarkt Leonberg Neu-Ulm Konstanz WGG, Neumarkt Schmidtenbühl EPA, Neu-Ulm 14.11.2017 Page 11
EnergyPlus SFH (2010) Berghalde, Leonberg photovoltaics battery-storage heat pump e-mobil LED lighting household appliances Building Management System (BMS) 14.11.2017 Page 12
EnergyPlus SFH (2010) Berghalde, Leonberg 14.11.2017 Page 13
PV-direct self use electricity supply grid energy quantity [kwh] EnergyPlus EnergyPlus SFH (2010) Berghalde, Leonberg total solar (PV) energy gain total electricity consumption 14.11.2017 Page 14
EnergyPlus MFH (2015) Speicherstraße, Frankfurt pictures to be found here: https://www.abg-fh.com/bauen/aktuelleprojekte/aktiv-stadthaus.html 14.11.2017 Page 15
EnergyPlus MFH (2015) Speicherstraße, Frankfurt appartment house 74 flats living area 6.500 m 2 PV- power 330 kw p annual gain 300.000 kwh/a Energy payback time 7 8 years 80 kw P PV 250 kw P 250 kwh 120 kw th sewage heat pump grid 14.11.2017 Page 16
electrical energy [MWh] EnergyPlus MFH (2015) Speicherstraße, Frankfurt 300 total consumption pv-production PV-self use 250 EnergyPlus 200 electricity supply grid 150 100 50 PV-direct self use 0 Apr 16 Mai 16 Jun 16 Jul 16 Aug 16 Sep 16 Okt 16 Nov 16 Dez 16 Jan 17 Feb 17 Mrz 17 14.11.2017 Page 17
Key facts for Energy Plus - residential buildings EnergyPlus up to 5-7 floors achievable Key role: PV + heat pump + Low temperature systems Larger thermal energy storage required Demand site management (DSM) Self-use of PV-electricity more important than EnergyPLUS Interaction between building and grid required 14.11.2017 Page 18
EnergyPlus school (2015) WGG, Neumarkt pictures: http://www.berschneider.com/projekte/oeffentliche-baut en/ab-2010/neubau-wgg-neumarkt/ 14.11.2017 Page 19
EnergyPlus school (2015) WGG, Neumarkt 216 kwp 216 kwp planned PV: 600 kwp implemented PV: 290 kwp 75 kwp 75 kwp 130 kwh 130 kwh 86 kw th 400 kw th 96 x 8-12 m 4.400 m² 96 x 8-12 m 4.400 m² Serverabwärme Serverabwärme 14.11.2017 Page 20
final energy [kwh] EnergyPlus school (2015) WGG, Neumarkt 2016 gas electricity supply grid pv-total electricity total self use PV-direct self use 14.11.2017 Page 21
Climate neutral districts (smart) single family house (smart) multi family house local renewable energy local storage systems cross-linked building functions e-mobility climate neutral city district 14.11.2017 Page 22
Climate neutral districts innovation cycle Building as power plant Net Zero / Surplus energy Optimization of building operation EFH MFH Integrated approach buildings and mobility climate neutral cities and urban districts holistic sustainable renovation of urban settlements 14.11.2017 Page 23
Climate neutrality for districts - definition Fuels Electricity Electricity production credits CO2 - Consumption CO2 - Credits input output 14.11.2017 Page 24
Climate neutrality how? Use of renewable energy reduction of heatand electricity-demand efficient conversion of energy 14.11.2017 Page 25
The road to climate neutral city districts from buildings to districts Campus TU BS, Braunschweig Wolfsburg Braunschweig Wolfsburg Esslingen Esslingen 14.11.2017 Page 26
EnEff Campus TU Braunschweig 14.11.2017 Page 27
EnEff Campus TU Braunschweig 2020: primary energy minus 40% improvement of learn and living conditions 2035: climate-neutral Campus nearly balanced CO 2 - footprint 14.11.2017 Page 28
EnEff Campus TU Braunschweig phase I master plan project term: 2012 2015 delivery BMWi: (1,6 Mio. ) phase II - realization 2015 2018 1,7 Mio. 04/2012 09/2015 master plan realization phase III - continuation.? 2020 2030 2050 monitoring vision 14.11.2017 Page 29
EnEff Campus TU Braunschweig TU Braunschweig 6 faculties 120 institutes 3.500 employees 19.500 students 200 buildings (80 % older than 40 years) 400.000 m² net floor area (NGF) energy consumption heat: 106 kwh/m² NGF a (43 GWh/a) electricity: 87 kwh/m² NGF a (35 GWh/a) energy costs: ca. 11 Mio. /a 14.11.2017 Page 30
EnEff Campus TU Braunschweig 14.11.2017 Page 31
EnEff Campus TU Braunschweig - 8 % building envelope 120 Mio. (300 /m² NFA ) (primary energy savings) - 8 % lighting 2.6 Mio. > 20 a 3 a - 14 % building services 4 Mio. - 6 % photovoltaics -40 % PE - 3 % technical equipment 1 Mio. 2,5 a 5 a 13 Mio. invest - 3 % area efficiency 5 Mio. - < 10 a amortisation time 10? a - 2 % integration CHP 0.6 Mio. - 8 % integration user information CHP 0.1 Mio. 2 a < 1 a 14.11.2017 Page 32
EnEff Campus TU Braunschweig measures 9 PV-plants 615 kwp 3 big ventilation units 3 buildings Verkehrsflächen LED-lighting assumption 100% renewable electricity 14.11.2017 Page 33
EnEff Campus TU Braunschweig electricity electricity electricity electricity heat heat heat heat 14.11.2017 Page 34
Neue Weststadt Esslingen 14.11.2017 Page 35
Neue Weststadt Esslingen Total gross floor area: ~ 105.000 m² residential ~ 56.000 m² ; commercial ~ 24.000 m² ; university ~ 25.000 m² Time schedule: 2016-2022 14.11.2017 Page 36
Neue Weststadt Esslingen energy concept Blocks E + D: Blocks C + B: H 2 - Mobility, buses Power to gas H 2 Electrolyser PEMFC Second Life Battery ~ 500 kwh/block Infrastructure H 2 - / e-mobility Sewage water gas grid electr. grid Bosch AG; SOFC, Solide Oxide Fuel Cell Siemens AG; PEM-Elektrolyseur 14.11.2017 Page 37
Neue Weststadt Esslingen energy concept biogas H 2 14.11.2017 Page 38
Neue Weststadt Esslingen energy concept parkade ~ 250 kwp university ~ 1.000 kwp resid. + commerial ~ 1.250 kwp total ~ 2.500 kwp PV production ~ 2.250 MWh/a Electricity consumption ~ 4.500 MWh/a ~ 50% solar coverage! Additional generation of green electricity necessary! (CHP, additional PV area, regional production of electricity and biomethane) 14.11.2017 Page 39
Neue Weststadt Esslingen energy balance 1 st block 14.11.2017 Page 40
NORDSTEIMKE STEIMKER GÄRTEN HELLWINKEL Outlook: Zukunftsraum Wolfsburg 750 AU 14.11.2017 Page 41
Outlook: Zukunftsraum Wolfsburg Integral research team TU Braunschweig Institut für Gebäude- und Solartechnik Institut für Städtebau und Entwurfsmethodik Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre actors/stakeholders Wolfsburg real estate Stadt Wolfsburg Volkswagen Immobilien Stadtwerke Wolfsburg Neuland Wolfsburg AG VW Zukunftsforschung 14.11.2017 Page 42
Outlook: Zukunftsraum Wolfsburg Scenarios for a systemic cross-linked (nearly) CO 2 -neutral energy supply 1. district level 2. Zukunftsraum Wolfsburg (total system) maximum renewable energies high self-use of local generated electricty cross-linking new build and existing stock linking heat-electricity-mobility benchmarks for CO2-reduction costs Know-How-Transfer for urban planning, energy supplier, investors and planning engineers 14.11.2017 Page 43
districts: summary single family house multi family house - investigations on districts required! City district - various actors and ownerships challenge! - more technical flexibility for cogeneration and implementation of renewable energy - storage systems necessary 14.11.2017 Page 44
Thank you for your attention! Oliver Rosebrock Institute for Building Services and Energy Design TU Braunschweig rosebrock@igs.tu-bs.de +49 531 391 3598