Promoting Building Energy Efficiency in Germany

Transcription

1 EGS-plan International GmbH Promoting Building Energy Efficiency in Germany 1. Introduction 2. Promoting Building EE in Germany 3. Zero & Plus Energy Buildings 4. Conclusion and outlook Dr.-Ing. Robert Himmler Bangkok, Steinbeis-Transferzentrum Energie-, Gebäude- und Solartechnik

2 Who are we? 1990: Founding of Steinbeis-Transferzentrum Energie-, Gebäude- und Solartechnik Research Projects 2001: Founding of EGS-plan Ingenieurgesellschaft für Energie-, Gebäude- und Solartechnik mbh Energy Concepts, HVAC Design 2007: Founding of EGS-plan International GmbH International Projects Office Stuttgart 20 HVAC engineers 5 Building Physicists 10 energy and sustainability engineers 10 engineers for international projects 2

3 Engineering services Energy and Sustainability Concepts Computational Building Simulation Design Services (HVAC, Electrical) Measurement and Verification Green Building Certification (LEED & DGNB) Development Services and Technical Cooperation 3

4 End Energy [kwh/(m²gfa*a)] Averagenew German office Buildings Low Energy Office Building In Hyderabad 1200 International Comparison of End Energy Demand of Office Buildings (no climate correction) Green Building Heating Electricity DIC Bur Dubai Deira Grand Hammad New Tower EVA Study* INFOSYS** United Arab Emirates Qatar Germany India 4

5 Public awareness in Germany regarding global warming! Only 7 percent of the Germans believe there is no climate change! * IPCCIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change *Survey from 2012 of TNS Emnid 5

6 Development of rental and heating costs Increase in percent starting value 1995 = 100 % Average heating costs (oil, gas, dh) Rent 6

7 Subsidies KfW-70, KfW-50, KfW-40: Loans with reduced interest rates for energy efficient residential buildings Feed in tariff for electricity from photovoltaic Feed in tariff for electricity from CHP 7

8 Heating Demand in Residential Buildings [kwh/(m 2 a)] Regulations Development of Building Energy Codes in Germany Energy Conservation Law 1976 Amendment September DIN WSVO 1977 U-value method 2. WSVO 1982 U-value method st Oil Crises 2nd Oil Crises 3rd Oil Crises WSVO 1995 Heating Energy Balance [kwh/m 2 a] EnEV 2002 Primary Energy Balance Primary Energy Demand [kwh/m 2 a] Building Physics + Heating System EnEV 2006/ DIN V Holistic Method to Calculate the Energy Demand for Heating, Cooling and Electricity 8

9 Energy Conservation Regulation 2007 (EnEV 2007; actual: 2009) Proposed Building Baseline Building Proposed Building Envelope and HVAC Geometry, Area, Orientation, Use Building Envelope and HVAC according to EnEV Calculation of Primary Energy Demand according to DIN Calculation of Primary Energy Demand according to DIN Verification: Q P,Proposed Q P,Baseline 9

10 Calculation of Primary Energy Demand according to Standard DIN Energy Balance Part 1 Boundary Con. Part 10 HVAC & Cooling Part 7 Ventilation Res. Part 6 Useful Energy Vent. Part 3 Lighting Part 4 Domestic Hot Water Part 6 Room Balance Part 2 Heating Part 5 CHP Part 9 10

11 Baseline Building (EnEV 2009) Roof U base = 0,20 W/(m 2 K) Wall U base = 0,28 W/(m 2 K) Heat Bridge U HB = 0,05 W/(m 2 K) Ceiling of 1/3 für Gebäude cellar U base = 0,35 W/(m 2 K) Curtainwall facade U base = 1,4 W/(m 2 K); g = 0,48 Solar thermal collector (if the building has high domestic hot water demand) HVAC (same system in baseline and propsed Building, but higher efficiency) Windows U base = 1,3 W/(m 2 K); g = 0 Lighting Motion sensor Daylight control Heating/Domestic Hot Water Condensing boiler 55/45 C 11

12 Example Energy Passport elobau production building (plus energy factory) Requirements fulfilled Basic building data Primary energy demand of proposed building Minimum primary energy demand (new / renovation) Minimum requirements regarding building envelope Minimum requirements regarding shading Useful energy End energy Primary energy Energy carriers 12

13 Primary Energy Demand Heating [kwh/(m²a)] Development of the Energy Demand of Buildings in Germany Pilot Projects and Real Estate Market Legal Requirements (German Building Energy Code) Solar Buildings Real Estate Market Pilot Projects as Knowledge / Innovation Transfer Low Energy Buildings Research (Pilot Buildings) 3-Litre-Houses Zero-Heating-Buildings Plus-Energy Buildings 13

14 Definition of Energy Benchmarks Energy supply to public grid Energy supply greater than energy demand Plus energy Energy supply to building Energy supply to public grid EGS-plan International. ENNA Energy supply less than energy demand Energy savings (Primary) Energy demand 14

15 SMA Solar Academy - building as power plants HHS- Architects, Kassel Energy Design, Braunschweig 15

16 Energy Concept Grid independent renewable energy supply 67 kw PV generator roof 31 kw PV generator facade ca. 130 kw P, el 60 Heat Recovery Cooling 40 kw PV mover 30 Training center 40 Electricity demand Heating ca. 70 kw el Converter ca. 230 kwh Renewable energy production portions Cogeneration unit Grid Battery Natural / Biogas Groundwater Facade Roof 16

17 SMA 33 Comparison Simulation - Measurement SMA 33, Electric Energy Demand Electric Energy Demand [kwh/month] Simulated energy demand Measured energy demand 17

18 Netto-Energie-PLUS-Gebäude in Berghalde, Leonberg 18

19 Energy Plus Concept PV 15,3 kw P Solar Energy Lead battery 7 kwh Feed in and back-up Electricity for lighting, utilities, auxiliary, entertainment Domestic hot water heat 3 Earthpobes 100 m each Heatpump 9,6 kw Thermal storage Ambient air Earth-Soil heatexchanger Fresh air ventilation with heat recovery Supply Air 19

20 Measurement Results 2011 and 2012 PV feed in PV self use PV Gains PV self use / feed in Electric Consumption PV Gains PV self use / feed in Electric Consumption 20

21 Energy supply today central Gas distribution system Office building Electricity network megawatt power stations flexible? sustainable? factory oil 23

22 Our Future Vision: Decentralized Energy Supply Smart Grids Smart Homes Smart Buildings E-Mobility Virtual power station 24

23 Thank you for your Attention! Gropiusplatz 10 D Stuttgart Tel Fax