Biology Multiple Choice 016074 BIOLOGY LTF DIAGNOSTIC TEST DNA to PROTEIN & BIOTECHNOLOGY Test Code: 016074 Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. 1. Which of the following best describes the flow of information in a cell? A) mrna DNA trna B) trna mrna protein C) DNA mrna protein D) protein DNA mrna E) DNA protein mrna 2. Which of the following actions occurs during replication? A) RNA is translated into proteins B) amino acids are linked into a polypeptide C) hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and uracil D) hydrogen bonds are formed between cytosine and guanine E) repeating DNA fragments are inserted into another organism 3. What is the end result of translation in protein synthesis? A) Carbohydrates are produced from monosaccharides B) Proteins are synthesized from amino acids C) Lipids are made from glycolysis and fermentation D) mrna is divided into 3 parts E) RNA is made from DNA nucleotides 1
Questions 4-6 refer to the following processes. I. Transcription II. Translation III. Replication 4. Occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells D) I and II only E) I and III only 5. Doubles the amount of DNA D) I and III only E) I, II and III 6. Occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells D) I and II only E) I and III only 2
Questions 7 and 8 refer to the following diagram of a nucleotide. 7. If the nucleotide shown belongs to an RNA molecule, the structure labeled C could be any of the following EXCEPT A) adenine B) thymine C) uracil D) guanine E) cytosine 8. If the nucleotide shown belongs to a DNA molecule, the structure labeled B would be A) uracil B) adenine C) deoxyribose D) phosphate E) ribose 9. Which of the following are joined by peptide bonds during the process of protein synthesis? A) Monosaccharides B) Triglycerides C) Nucleotides D) Amino acids E) Fatty acids 10. James set up an experiment to test if bacteria without antibiotic resistance can be transformed into antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The procedure included introducing a plasmid containing the gene of interest into bacterial cells. The bacteria was then streaked across one agar plate without antibiotic and across another agar plate containing the antibiotic ampicillin. Which of the following statements best explains the function of the plate with ampicillin? A) The ampicillin insures that no contamination has occurred. B) The ampicillin provides a nutrient source for the growing bacteria. C) The ampicillin protects the growing bacteria from invading viruses. D) Bacterial growth on the ampicillin plate is evidence of transformation. E) Bacterial growth on the ampicillin plate is a control in the experiment. 3
Questions 11-12 refer to the following nitrogen bases. I. Adenine II. Guanine III. Uracil IV. Cytosine V. Thymine 11. Which base can pair with two others in the list? D) IV only E) V only 12. The bases of DNA include A) I, II, III, and V only B) I, II, IV and V only C) II, III, IV and V only D) I, III, IV and V only E) I, II, III, and IV only 13. If there was a change in the DNA sequence, this occurrence would be called A) translation B) a terminal sequence C) a mutation D) a repressor E) a stimulator 14. Which of the following would be an end product of the process of transcription? A) A protein B) A segment of RNA polymerase C) A segment of messenger RNA D) A segment of DNA E) An enzyme 4
15. Which of the following sets of terms are arranged from largest to smallest? A) Chromosome DNA molecule nucleotide gene B) DNA molecule gene nucleotide chromosome C) Nucleotide gene DNA molecule chromosome D) Chromosome DNA molecule gene nucleotide E) Gene nucleotide chromosome DNA molecule Questions 16-19 refer to the following DNA sequence and genetic code chart that is provided below. DNA sequence: TATGCCGGGAAAATT 16. Which of the following is the correct sequence of amino acids coded by the DNA strand? A) Asparagine tyrosine serine lysine B) Phenylalanine proline argenine isoleucine C) Methionine alanine glutamine D) Isoleucine alanine glycine lysine E) Isoleucine arganine proline phenylalanine 5
17. The first codon to be decoded is A) T B) AUA C) CGG D) Ile E) GCC 18. Which of the following is coded for by the DNA sequence ATT? A) Methionine B) Cystine C) Adenine D) All amino acids E) Stop protein production 19. All of the following mrna sequences code for argenine (arg) EXCEPT A) AGC B) AGA C) CGG D) CGC E) AGG 20. Which one of the following contains all the others? A) Deoxyribose B) Phosphate C) Adenine D) Covalent bonds E) DNA nucleotide 21. DNA controls the traits of an organism through the arrangement of its A) phosphate molecules B) nucleotides C) chromosomes D) hydroxyl groups E) deoxyribose 6
Questions 22 and 23 refer to the following biomolecule. 22. Which number indicates guanine? A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 4 only E) 1 and 2 23. Which statement best describes the molecule shown in the diagram above? A) It contains the base uracil. B) It contains the sugar ribose. C) It is frequently found in the cytoplasm. D) It is formed through the process of transcription. E) It contains nucleotides. 7
Questions 24 and 25 refer to the following terms. I. Repressible II. Inducible III. A promoter IV. Homeotic 24. The diagram above represents A) mrna B) an entire chromosome C) an operon D) translation in protein synthesis E) a plasmid 25. If an operon is normally off but can turn on in the presence of a specific metabolite, the operon is called D) I and II only E) III and IV only 26. During protein synthesis the ribosome may A) produce mrna start and stop codons B) detect mutations in the genetic code and correct them C) signal for the replication of DNA D) move along the rough endoplasmic reticulum to make more ribosomes E) allow trna a site to attach when making a protein 8
Directions: The group of questions below consists of five lettered answers followed by a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence select the one answer that is most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all in each group. Questions 27-31 refer to the following cellular process. 27. The process of transcription is occurring in the structure labeled 28. Which letter indicates the ribosome? 29. Which letter represents transfer RNA bringing its associated amino acid to the ribosome? 30. Which letter represents the messenger RNA? 31. Which letter represents a structure containing rrna? 9
Questions 32-35 refer to these biotechnology terms. A) Plasmids B) Recombinant DNA C) Electrophoresis D) Restriction Enzymes E) Cloning 32. Can create DNA fragments with sticky ends 33. Naturally occurring short, circular pieces of DNA 34. A hybrid of DNA from two or more sources 35. Used in separating DNA fragments 10
Biology Multiple Choice 016075 BIOLOGY LTF DIAGNOSTIC TEST DNA to PROTEIN & BIOTECHNOLOGY Test Code: 016075 Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Questions 1 and 2 refer to the following biomolecule. 1. Which number indicates guanine? A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 4 only E) 1 and 2 2. Which statement best describes the molecule shown in the diagram above? A) It contains the base uracil. B) It contains the sugar ribose. C) It is frequently found in the cytoplasm. D) It is formed through the process of transcription. E) It contains nucleotides. 1
3. Which one of the following contains all the others? A) Deoxyribose B) Phosphate C) Adenine D) Covalent bonds E) DNA nucleotide 4. If there was a change in the DNA sequence, this occurrence would be called A) translation B) a terminal sequence C) a mutation D) a repressor E) a stimulator 5. DNA controls the traits of an organism through the arrangement of its A) phosphate molecules B) nucleotides C) chromosomes D) hydroxyl groups E) deoxyribose 6. During protein synthesis the ribosome may A) produce mrna start and stop codons B) detect mutations in the genetic code and correct them C) signal for the replication of DNA D) move along the rough endoplasmic reticulum to make more ribosomes E) allow trna a site to attach when making a protein 7. Which of the following would be an end product of the process of transcription? A) A protein B) A segment of RNA polymerase C) A segment of messenger RNA D) A segment of DNA E) An enzyme 2
Questions 8-11 refer to the following DNA sequence and genetic code chart that is provided below. DNA sequence: TATGCCGGGAAAATT 8. Which of the following is coded for by the DNA sequence ATT? A) Methionine B) Cystine C) Adenine D) All amino acids E) Stop protein production 9. The first codon to be decoded is A) T B) AUA C) CGG D) Ile E) GCC 10. Which of the following is the correct sequence of amino acids coded by the DNA strand? A) Asparagine tyrosine serine lysine B) Phenylalanine proline argenine isoleucine C) Methionine alanine glutamine D) Isoleucine alanine glycine lysine E) Isoleucine arganine proline phenylalanine 3
11. All of the following mrna sequences code for argenine (arg) EXCEPT A) AGC B) AGA C) CGG D) CGC E) AGG 12. Which of the following are joined by peptide bonds during the process of protein synthesis? A) Monosaccharides B) Triglycerides C) Nucleotides D) Amino acids E) Fatty acids Questions 13 and 14 refer to the following nitrogen bases. I. Adenine II. Guanine III. Uracil IV. Cytosine V. Thymine 13. Which base can pair with two others in the list? D) IV only E) V only 14. The bases of DNA include A) I, II, III, and V only B) I, II, IV and V only C) II, III, IV and V only D) I, III, IV and V only E) I, II, III, and IV only 4
Questions 15 and 16 refer to the following diagram of a nucleotide. 15. If the nucleotide shown belongs to an RNA molecule, the structure labeled C could be any of the following EXCEPT A) adenine B) thymine C) uracil D) guanine E) cytosine 16. If the nucleotide shown above belongs to a DNA molecule, the structure labeled B would be A) uracil B) adenine C) deoxyribose D) phosphate E) ribose 17. Which of the following actions occurs during replication? A) RNA is translated into proteins B) amino acids are linked into a polypeptide C) hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and uracil D) hydrogen bonds are formed between cytosine and guanine E) repeating DNA fragments are inserted into another organism 5
Questions 18 and 19 refer to the following terms. I. Repressible II. Inducible III. A promoter IV. Homeotic 18. The diagram above represents A) mrna B) an entire chromosome C) an operon D) translation in protein synthesis E) a plasmid 19. If an operon is normally off but can turn on in the presence of a specific metabolite, the operon is called D) I and II only E) III and IV only 20. Which of the following best describes the flow of information in a cell? A) mrna DNA trna B) trna mrna protein C) DNA mrna protein D) protein DNA mrna E) DNA protein mrna 6
21. James set up an experiment to test if bacteria without antibiotic resistance can be transformed into antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The procedure included introducing a plasmid containing the gene of interest into bacterial cells. The bacteria was then streaked across one agar plate without antibiotic and across another agar plate containing the antibiotic ampicillin. Which of the following statements best explains the function of the plate with ampicillin? A) The ampicillin insures that no contamination has occurred. B) The ampicillin provides a nutrient source for the growing bacteria. C) The ampicillin protects the growing bacteria from invading viruses. D) Bacterial growth on the ampicillin plate is evidence of transformation. E) Bacterial growth on the ampicillin plate is a control in the experiment. 22. Which of the following sets of terms are arranged from largest to smallest? A) Chromosome DNA molecule nucleotide gene B) DNA molecule gene nucleotide chromosome C) Nucleotide gene DNA molecule chromosome D) Chromosome DNA molecule gene nucleotide E) Gene nucleotide chromosome DNA molecule 23. What is the end result of translation in protein synthesis? A) Carbohydrates are produced from monosaccharides B) Proteins are synthesized from amino acids C) Lipids are made from glycolysis and fermentation D) mrna is divided into 3 parts E) RNA is made from DNA nucleotides Questions 24-26 refer to the following processes. I. Transcription II. Translation III. Replication 24. Occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells D) I and II only E) I and III only 7
25. Doubles the amount of DNA D) I and III only E) I, II and III 26. Occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells D) I and II only E) I and III only Directions: The group of questions below consists of five lettered answers followed by a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence select the one answer that is most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all in each group. Questions 27-30 refer to these biotechnology terms. A) Plasmids B) Recombinant DNA C) Electrophoresis D) Restriction Enzymes E) Cloning 27. A hybrid of DNA from two or more sources 28. Used in separating DNA fragments 29. Can create DNA fragments with sticky ends 30. Naturally occurring short, circular pieces of DNA 8
Questions 31-35 refer to the following cellular process. 31. Which letter indicates the ribosome? 32. Which letter represents a structure containing rrna? 33. Which letter represents transfer RNA bringing its associated amino acid to the ribosome? 34. Which letter represents the messenger RNA? 35. The process of transcription is occurring in the structure labeled 9