Recycling & Solid Waste APPA Institute New Orleans, LA 1/18/16 Ed von Bleichert University of Colorado Boulder Contributors: Jessica Bradley Meggan Foster Housekeeping In the right room? Welcome and Thank you! Giveaways Attendance list Break? There are silly questions (Favorable) Session Evaluations (Expected) Have your name, e-mail, D.O.B., and SS# Personal Introduction Facilities Operations division of Facilities Management Assistant Director for Environmental Operations Manage integrated waste program Recycling Composting Landfill Zero waste events Twenty three years of waste management experience Organizational Introduction C.U Recycling (CURE) established in 1976 Student / Administrative partnership est. 1991 20 permanent staff (13.7 FTE) ~ 40 student staff 800 volunteer hrs. annually 1100 CSW hrs. annually Strong student support & involvement 1
Facilities Management Breakdown Recycling & Composting 11.2 FTE over 17 positions; 4 students 3 box trucks, 2 rear loaders, 2 front loaders Over 1200 locations 2 Front-End Loaders arrived in December Graduate level study Concluded $1.5 to $2.2 million in cost avoidance Vehicles Rear-End loader out to bid this summer Allows for potential inhouse compost collections Solid Waste / Landfill 2.5 FTE 2 Front loaders 120 dumpsters 90% diversion rate by 2025 Currently 43.7% (FY15) Zero Waste events Can parity Indoor organics pilot Procurement reform Replacing oldest rear-load compactor truck New facility opened June 15 Current Efforts 2011 - RFI: Recycling collections 2012 - Kessler Consulting, Inc. (KCI) Strategies to achieve Zero Waste 2013 RFP s: Landfill & Sale of Recyclables 2013 - Waste Mgmt. Sustainability Services (WMSS) Waste Composition Analysis Diversion Potential Assessment 2013 Internal Review Cost effectiveness of solid waste collections Who s in the Audience? Robust programs represented Portland State UT Austin UW-Madison California State system Directly responsible for Waste Management? Custodial or Grounds collections? In-house vs. contracted? What would you like to cover? Course Goals Integrating Recycling and Solid Waste View of the Larger Recycling Process Ideas to Improve Your School s Program Opportunities for Involving Students Access to Additional Resources 2
Course Agenda Overview of Solid Waste Management in U.S. Integrated Approach to Disposal UCB Program Details Waste composition studies Single Stream vs. Source Separation Bin Parity Collection Equipment / Vehicles Zero Waste Events Outreach and Education Lessons Number of Landfills in the United States, 1988 to 2009 How Waste is Managed in the U.S. EPA MSW 2009 Facts and Figures EPA MSW 2013 Facts and Figures Diversion Rate FY15 Summary (Boulder) Diversion Rate: 43.7% (+1.0%) Tied for highest ever Pounds of Diverted Materials (Recycled, Composted, Re-used / Donated) Pounds of Diversion + Pounds of Landfill (Total Waste Generated) x 100 Landfill: 3278 tons (+113 or 3.6%) 2 nd largest increase since FY2002 Diversion: 2541 tons (+183 or 7.8%) Highest total ever Total: 5820 tons (+297 or 5.6%) 3 rd largest increase since FY02 3
Municipal Solid Waste Generation in 2013 (254 Million Tons) MSW Generation Rates, 1960 to 2013 EPA MSW 2013 Facts and Figures EPA MSW 2013 Facts and Figures MSW Recycling Rates, 1960 to 2013 Per day Per week Per month Per year EPA MSW 2013 Facts and Figures Recycling Rates of Selected Products, 2013 Recovery Rate The amount of a particular material you were able to divert out of the waste stream If you have 100 lbs of cans & bottles and you divert 25 lbs Recovery rate is 25% Subset of a Diversion rate 4
Robust Waste Assessments University of British Columbia 2011 Arizona St. 2012 Waste Stream Assessment Shows where to best target your efforts Gives information on container capacities, equipment needs, labor requirements Provides feedback to refine trash disposal scheduling Helps measure diversion and recovery rates Ideal opportunity for class project C.U. Boulder 2013 Others? UCB Audit Details Contracted Waste Management Sustainability Services Analyzed ~ 10,500 lbs over 77 samples Focus Waste Composition Analysis Diversion Potential Assessment 5
Single Stream Collections? Majority of suggestions are basic collection / infrastructure / logistical items. Resist the shiny objects! Misnomer Cardboard often separate Separate glass collections? (EU) Dozens more materials beyond cans, bottles, papers Automated vs. manual collections Different pros & cons Dual collections Grounds, Custodial, Food service staff SW Cost Per Yard Comparison Cardboard Collection Costs vs. BVSD Rates 6
Bin Parity: Outdoor ZW Stations Exposed aggregate trash cans through 2000 50 cans campus wide Subject to vandalism Previous attempts at dual collections or matching w/ recycling bins Conversion to black metal cans in 2001 Bolted to the ground Expanded as part of litter control program in 2001 $250K funded for new trash cans only No $ for recycling Attempts to Catch Up Student funding for recycling cans 04: 16 of 125 (13%) 07: 45 of 205 (22%) Waste sort of outdoor trash & recycling Majority in both recyclable Sustainability funding Parity Color coded lids & labels Can Parity Results University of Colorado Boulder - Outdoor Recycling Stations Aug/Sep 2012 5775 Aug/Sep 2011 5768 * Trash & Recycling Parity Achieved Aug/Sep 2010 Aug/Sep 2008 3096 * Outdoor ZW Stations Funded April, 2010 3297 Pounds of Commingled Containers Aug/Sep 2006 1553 * 45 stations out of 205 trash locations (22%) Aug/Sep 2004 507 * 16 recycling stations : 125 trash locations (13%) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 Final Results Glass, Plastic, Aluminum FY11: 8,210 lbs. FY13: 25,052 lbs. 205% increase Papers FY11: 1,187 lbs. FY13: 1,931 lbs. 63% increase 7
Vertical Labels Critical Indoor ZW Stations Newest Approach Penn State Boulder Co. Courthouse Ohio State 8
D.I.A Airports O Hare LaGuardia Vancouver Ft. Lauderdale U. Of Oregon Arenas & Stadiums UC Davis Pittsburgh Expo Ctr. Oh So Close 9
Seattle Tacoma Separate Bins = Mixed Waste Washington National Bin Parity? Bin (Collection) Parity Lessons Eliminate stand alone trash cans Reduce total number of locations Repurpose bins Lower collection costs Simple (vertical) signs & Color coding Co-collections!!!!! don t send 2 crews 10
Use of Existing Systems Grounds - FM, Housing, and Athletics Outdoor ZW stations Special events Distribution Center / Property Services Mail back system Pallets Custodial RR compost Classroom recycling / ground trash (blue bags) Team Work Makes the Dream Work Promoting the Desired Behavior Penn State - No Can Do Program UC Boulder - deskside recycling collections no trash service Shaver s Creek Environmental Ctr. Collection Methods 11
Side Loaders Trash Compactors (Self-Contained or Stationary) Ideal for (food service) Cardboard Generally not suited for campuses Front-End Loaders (FEL) Rear-End Loaders (REL) Box Truck / Cube Van Michigan State 12
University of Colorado - Boulder Temporary Facilities June 14 - June 15 New Facility Update Grounds & Recycling Operations Center (GROC) to open early June, 2015 Roll-off Truck Material Recovery Facility 13
Zero Waste Events Zero Waste 101 Defined as 90% diversion rate at a minimum Recycling is reactive Zero Waste is proactive Vendor / Contract / procurement reform Design for recycling & composting Biodegradeable is not Compostable Can Parity Goalies / 1 on 1 outreach Routine training Waste sorts USA Pro Cycling Challenge Breckenridge, CO Zero Waste at Folsom Field 83 Zero Waste at Folsom Field 84 14
Clubs & Suites Zero Waste at Folsom Field 88 Compost Sort ROTC Bowl Pick 15
Zero Waste at Folsom Field 2014 Ralphie s Green Stampede GENERATION COMPOST: 29,206 lbs. 56.7% RECYCLING: 16,885 lbs.* 33.6% DIVERSION RATE Season Average: 90.3% Season High: 92.2% Season Low: 86% TRASH: 4,994 lbs. 9.7% * includes fryer grease Zero Waste Stadiums CU Boulder 53,000+ attendees Most services in-house Levy is concessionaire No public trash cans Compost is food, fiber, and most plastics (#7 PLA) 90% diversion rate Tailgate recycling Ohio State 103,000+ attendees All services contracted Levy is concessionaire No public trash cans Compost is food, fiber, and some plastics (#7 PLA) > 90% diversion rate Tailgate recycling Penn State 100+ acres of Tailgating Operations Collections Processing Special event support Waste audits Applied academics Student Roles Outreach & Education Promotional Face to face ARD Creative dramatics EIR s Operational Posters, stickers, brochures Door hangers, table tents Special event support Goalies Displays Applied academics 16
Calculating Recycling s Impact U.S. EPA s WARM model http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/wycd/waste/calculators/warm_form.html Recycling Organizations of North America Waste Management and Energy Savings: Benefits by the Numbers ZW Transition Plan Identify specific waste generation Front-end: estimate most effective and cost effective strategies to minimize waste Back-end: divert as much as possible from the landfill. 2896 Add l Tons Available Fit into Existing Campus Systems: 2266 tons Programs implemented to varying degrees 84% diversion rate Current ZW Board Initiatives: 79% diversion Easily Divertable : 74% diversion 1972 tons 1716 tons Lessons & Take Aways Aversion vs. Diversion Contract / vendor reform All forms of waste disposal cost $ Bldg. Standards Growths pays its way Bin parity Easiest & most cost effective way to raise diversion Don t stop short Handle materials as late in the process as possible 17
Don t dismiss/ forget about volume Driver of labor costs Organics are a significant component of waste stream Lessons Lessons Co-collections Maximize equipment / vehicles Breakdown silos w/ custodial, grounds, food service, surplus Pilot, pilot, pilot Tell your story All waste is local Ed von Bleichert CU Recycling vonb@colorado.edu www.colorado.edu/recycle 18