Agency / Administration Single administrator; Near-Cabinet status President Executive Office of the President Cabinet Departments Independent Agencies Authority / Corporation Board and manager; Business-like activities Commission Regulates business activities; Investigates or advises INFLUENCE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE BUREAUCRACY SHAPE POLICY ADMINISTRATE POLICY INITIATE PROVIDE EXPERTISE HANDLE THE DAY TO DAY OPERATIONS THE BUREAUCRACY BUREAUCRACY - defined large, complex organization of appointed, not elected officials BUREAUCRATIC MYTHS Americans dislike them most work in Washington, DC they are inefficient and always mired in red tape WEBERIAN MODEL A WELL ORGANIZED, COMPLEX MEANS TO ORGANIZE BUSINESS POWER flows from top down and RESPONSIBILITY from bottom up labor division provides expertise rules govern responsibility and authority jobs and promotions based on ability NOT patronage all treated impartially and equally BUREAUCRATIC ORGANIZATION 1
METHODS OF MANAGING OFFICE PERSONNEL CIRCULAR-everyone reports to the President PYRAMID-assistants report to a Chief of Staff that reports to the President AD HOC-many groups, task forces, committees WHITE HOUSE OFFICE CHIEF OF STAFF KEY MEMBERS OF INNER CIRCLE NERVE CENTER 15 CABINET LEVEL DEPARTMENTS NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL ALL LED BY A SECRETARY EXCEPT FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ATTORNEY GENERAL ALL CHOSEN BY THE PRESIDENT AND CONFIRMED BY THE SENATE EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET COMPLEX ORGANIZATION OF AGENCIES STAFFED BY MOST OF THE PRESIDENT S CLOSEST ADVISORS AND ASSISTANTS THIS IS AN UMBRELLA AGENCY!!! LARGEST UNIT IN THE EOB PREPARES THE FEDERAL BUDGET 2
REGULATORY AGENCIES RESPONSIBLE FOR A SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY governed by a small commission make, enforce, and judge rules to protect public interest ALPHABET SOUP FCC, FEC, FTC, SEC, ETC FOURTH-BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT CAPTIVE THEORY indicates that the AGENCIES ARE CAPTIVES OF THE INDUSTRY they regulate BUREAUCRACIES AS POLICY MAKERS BY IMPLEMENTING, ADMINISTRATING, AND REGULATING GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS Provide a service that could be provided in the private sector they charge reasonable rates for services TVA, AMTRAK, FDIC, U.S. POSTAL SERVICE ELEMENTS NEEDED FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICY create an agency or assign to an already established one translate goals into rules and guidelines coordinate resources and personnel INDEPENDENT EXECUTIVE AGENCIES PERFORM SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS President appoints the administrators of these agencies-like NASA IMPLEMENTATION they carry out the decisions of Congress, the President, and the Courts policies are normally goals stated in broad terms and the bureaucracies work out the details 3
IMPLEMENTATION BREAKDOWN program design defect unclear law or policy resources not available to carry ou the task assigned RED TAPE or S.O.P. DEREGULATION PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT THIS WILL RELIEVE COMPLEX AND BURDENSOME POLICIES ELEMENTS NEEDED FOR REGULATION SUCCESS by controlling or changing some private sector practice this is the most controversial element regulation has grown and supporters say it is essential to protect air, land, water, and the citizenry PROBLEMS WITH DEREGULATION environmental damage rising utility costs high rate of insurance premiums Texas state college tuition financial meltdown of 2008 REGULATION PROBLEMS raises prices hurts competition abroad does not always work IRON TRIANGLES OR SUBGOVERNMENTS ARE DEFINED AS A SHARED WEB OF INTERESTS 4
FEDERAL PROGRAM OR AGENCY 1. MAKES RULINGS/REGULATIONS AND IMPLEMENTS POLICY 2. PROVIDES EXPERT INFORMATION FOR COMMITTEE / SUBCOMMITTEE EXAMPLE: VETERAN S AFFAIRS INDUSTRY OR INTEREST GROUP 1. SUPPORTS APPROPRIATIONS FOR PROGRAM / AGENCY 2. PROVIDES EXPERT INFORMATION TO AGENCY / PROGRAM 3. PROVIDES EXPERT INFORMATION TO COMMITTEE / SUBCOMMITTEE 1. MAKES CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS TO MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE / SUBCOMMITTEE EXAMPLE: VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE OR SUBCOMMITTEE 1. APPROVES PROGRAM / AGENCY BUDGET 2. PASSES LEGISLATION AFFECTING INDUSTRY / INTEREST GROUP EXAMPLE: HOUSE VETERANS AFFAIRS COMMITTEE 5