SFB 564 The Uplnds Progrm Sustinble Lnd Use nd Rurl Development in Mountinous Regions of Southest Asi Soil conservtion: Hox or blessing? Recent experiences from Southest Asi Thoms Hilger, Wnwis Pnsk b, Vu Dinh Tun, Chlermchrt Wongleechroen, Khlid Hussin, Alwin Keil, Thnuchi Kongkew c, Jn Diels d, Jn Vnderborght d,f, Srh Grré d, Trn Duc Vien e, Georg Cdisch University of Hohenheim, Stuttgrt, Germny, b Nresun University, Nresun, Thilnd, c Ksetsrt University, Bngkok, Thilnd, d KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, e Hnoi University of Agriculture, Hnoi, Vietnm, f Reserch Centre Jülich, Germny Slide 1
SFB 564 1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs Introduction Strong nthropogenic chnges of the terrestril biosphere Popultion pressure Agriculturl intensifiction People s encrochment on steep slopes Consequences Erosion Soil degrdtion Flooding & sedimenttion Soil conservtion Old debte & long list of scientific publictions Vrious concepts proposed Poorly dopted by frmers Cn soil conservtion be ttrctive to frmers? Slide 2
1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs SFB 564 Experiences from SE Asi 13 C isotopic discrimintion: A strting point for new insights in competition for nitrogen nd wter under contour hedgerow systems in tropicl mountinous regions Pnsk et l. 2007. Plnt nd Soil 298: 175-189 Chnges in the reltionship between soil erosion nd N loss pthwys fter estblishing soil conservtion systems in uplnds of Northest Thilnd Pnsk et l. 2008. Agriculture, Ecosystems nd Environment 128: 167-176 Assessing soil conservtion strtegies for uplnd cropping in Northest Thilnd with the WNuLCAS model Pnsk et l. 2010. Agroforestry Systems 79: 123-144 Slide 3
SFB 564 1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs Previous results Bn Bo Mung Noi, Loei Province, NE Thilnd: Soil loss in mize under minimum tillge nd rely cropping o with ruzi grss brriers Δ with vetiver grss brriers with leucen hedges open symbols: F filled symbols: + F Slide 4
1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs SFB 564 Previous results Bn Bo Mung Noi, Loei Province, NE Thilnd: Reltive grin nd stover mize yields under minimum tillge nd rely cropping (Jck ben) o with ruzi grss brriers Δ with vetiver grss brriers with leucen hedges open symbols: F filled symbols: + F Mize* under minimum tillge nd rely cropping (Jck bens) without fertiliztion recorded in 2003 represents 100%. Verticl brs indicte LSD (p 0.05). * Note: 100% = 1528 kg h -1 Slide 5
SFB 564 1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs Previous results Bn Bo Mung Noi, Loei Province NE Thilnd: Soil loss simultions of mize by using WNuLCAS. Left: impct of tillge. Right: impct of Jck ben rely cropping; ) without nd b) with hedgerows. Slide 6
1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6 Future needs SFB 564 Reserch sites Bn Bo Mung Noi, Loei Province NE Thilnd: 17 33 N, 101 1 E; 572 m.m.s.l.; Lixisol; slope grdient: 21-28% Chieng Hc, Son L Province NW Vietnm: 21 00 N, 104 22 E; 290 m.m.s.l.; Luvisol, slope grdient: ~35% Chieng Khoi, Son L Province NW Vietnm: 21 01 N, 104 18 E; 470 m.m.s.l.; Luvisol, slope grdient: ~53% Queen Sirikit Reserch Sttion, Rtchburi Province W Thilnd: 13 30 N, 99 15 E; 280 m.m.s.l.; shllow Hplustolt; slope grdient: 10-20% Tropicl monsoon climte, nnul rinfll: 1000-1300 mm Slide 7
Soil loss [t/h] Soil loss [t/h] 1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs SFB 564 Soil loss 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2010 2011 T1 T2 T3 T4 2010 2011 T1 T2 T3 T4 Chieng Hc (bove) nd Chieng Khoi (below), Son L Province NW Vietnm: T1 mize under frmer s prctice T2 mize with P. mximum grss brriers T3 mize under minimum tillge with A. pintoi s cover crop T4 mize under minimum tillge rely cropped with P. clcrthus Slide 8
SFB 564 1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs Soil response Bn Bo Mung Noi, Loei Province NE Thilnd: mize under minimum tillge nd rely cropping ( ), with Ruzi grss brriers (o), with Vetiver grss brriers (Δ), with Leucen hedges ( ); open symbols: F, filled symbols: + F; Verticl brs show stndrd errors of the differences in men, vlues followed by the sme letter re not significntly different t P 0.05 mong yers. Slide 9
Grin yield [Mg h -1 ] Grin yield [Mg h -1 ] SFB 564 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 6 5 4 3 1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs n.s. n.s. Yield performnce b b b b b b Chieng Hc (bove) nd Chieng Khoi (below), Son L Province NW Vietnm: T1 mize under frmer s prctice T2 mize with P. mximum grss brriers T3 mize under minimum tillge with A. pintoi s cover crop T4 mize under minimum tillge rely cropped with P. clcrthus Vlues followed by the sme letter re not significntly different t P 0.05 within yer. 2 1 0 2009 2010 2011 T1 T2 T3 T4 Tests with chilli-mize intercropping t Queen Sirikit Reserch Sttion: Yields, competition & soil improvement. Slide 10
SFB 564 1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs Soil conservtion: Hox or blessing? Minimum tillge nd rely cropping Positive Yield response Soil loss & runoff reduction Infiltrtion Soil structure Negtive Weed control Work lod Lck of knowledge on rely crops & supply Slide 11
1. Introduction 2. Experiences from SE Asi 3. Reserch sites 4. Min findings 5. Conclusion 6. Future needs SFB 564 Future needs Identifiction & evlution of suitble rely crop options; Testing of pprorite mixed cropping systems, e.g. Chillies, crop mngement options; Trining of extension service in prticiptory pproches; Testing economic vible crop combintions under minimum tillge in coopertion with locl frmers; Demonstrtion plots & field dys on soil conservtion technology. Slide 12
SFB 564 The Uplnds Progrm Sustinble Lnd Use nd Rurl Development in Mountinous Regions of Southest Asi Thnk you for your ttention! Slide 13