GFAR 2003-03-03b.en 2 nd Triennial GFAR Conference 22 24 May 2003 Méridien Président Hotel, Dakar, Sénégal Linking Research and Rural Innovation to Sustainable Development Successful Experiences in ARD: China/Canada Dryland Farming Project: A Case Study Powerpoint Presentation
China/Canada Dryland Farming Project A Case Study
China GansuInner Mongolia Shanxi Hebei Beijing Shandong Population: 1,284,303,705 Area: 9,596,960 sq km Arable land: 13.31% Irrigated land: 525,800 sq km GDP: $US 6 trillion agriculture 18%
Grain production from 1970 to 2001 450 Total grain yield x 10 6 (M t) 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 Maize Wheat Rice 50 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Year
Total production x 10 6 (M t) 100 80 60 40 20 Meat and milk production from 1970 to 2001 Milk Meat 0 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Year
Fertilizer usage from 1970 to 2000 40 Total fertilizer (M t) 35 30 25 20 15 10 K P N 5 0 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 Year
Hebei Lowland Plain Water table is dropping 1 m per year due to over irrigation Excessive tillage and removal of crop residue are causing soil deterioration Unbalanced fertilization and excessive pesticide application are causing soil and water pollution
Project Objective Improve rural well being through sustainable and profitable agriculture in the Hebei Lowland Plain
Funding Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) funded both phase I ($4.9 M) and Phase II ($4.9 M) China Governments matched equal amount through cash and in-kind
How >>>Capacity building: Human resource Management Scientific Infrastructure Laboratory Equipment Research Development Outreach Program
Capacity Building: Human Resource Over 100 scientists, extension specialists and managers trained in Canadian institutions Training duration ranged from 1 to 36 months Most trainees returned to their respective work unit
Capacity Building: Infrastructure Equiping soil chemical analysis, soil physics, soil microbiology, plant pathology and GIS labs Upgrading field equipment
Research Development Irrigation water use reduced by 30% Fertilizer efficiency increased by 50% Herbicide efficacy increased by 75-90% Bio-control to control crop disease and insect and to reduce pesticide usage
Over 90% of corn field in Hebei seeded with zero till (2.4 M ha with 3 M farms) Pesticide usage reduced by 30-100% Income increased by 10-30% compared to conventional farming
Outreach program 11 extension sites established in Hebei in 1996 2 extension sites established in Hebei and 1 each in Shandong, Gansu, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia in 2000
The objective of the outreach program is to transfer farming technologies developed by the Hebei Dryland Project to other regions of northern China
Liangcheng Xingtang Ningjin Lincheng Zhenyuan Lishi
Organizational model Hebei Dryland Project Management County Agri. Academy HAAFS Prov. Agri.Dept Village This is the first time in China that a provincial agency extends technologies beyond its boundary Extension Team Producers
Delivery Mechanism Class room lecture Field instruction Field demonstration Field days
Performance Measurement Baseline household survey prior to extension activity 2nd survey after two years of implementation Comparing the changes in the farm households to evaluate the impact
Technologies extended: Drought-resistant resistant crop varieties and alternative crops Water-saving cropping systems Integrated water management technology Conservation tillage and fertilizer application Integrated Pest Management Plastic film mulching
Liangcheng, Inner Mongolia 140 120 Monthy Precipitation 2001 Long-term Precipitation (mm) 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Month
Corn (2001) conventional drip irrigation balance fertilization seed coating mulch minimum-till 0 100 200 300 400 500 Yield (kg mu -1 ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Input (RMB mu -1 )
conventional drip irrigation balance fertilization seed coating mulch minimum-till 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Net income (RMB mu -1 )
Beneficiaries The outreach program satisfies the needs of farmers, has gained the government recognition and produces great soil impacts
Potential Dryland Benefits Potential average net income gain 100 RMB/mu Potential area to adapt proper technologies: IMAR 30 M mu Shanxi 50 M mu Gansu 20 M mu Hebei 30 M mu Potential economic benefit 13 B RMB+ annually Soil and water conservation