The KISR-JCCP Joint Conference on Renewable Energy Petroleum Research Center (Lecture Hall, New Building) February 3, Wednesday, 2016 KHI Activity for Hydrogen Supply Chain Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hydrogen Project Development Center Corporate Technology Division
KHI products Aerospace(Boeing 787) Motorcycles Transportation Energy Environment Gas turbine power generation Refuse incineration Rolling stock (Shinkansen) Ships(LNG carrier) Energy plant (Coal-fired power generation plant) 2
Contents 1. Movement to hydrogen utilization 2. Concepts of hydrogen supply chain 3. Technologies for hydrogen infrastructure 4. Progress of the project 3
Contents 1. Movement to hydrogen utilization 2. Concepts of hydrogen supply chain 3. Technologies for hydrogen infrastructure 4. Progress of the project 4
Japanese government energy policy In April 2014, the Japanese government released the Japanese Basic Energy Plan. Hydrogen is expected to become one of important future secondary energy sources besides electricity and heat. Extraction from Japanese Basic Energy Plan (1) Spread and expansion of the introduction of Stationary Fuel Cells (Ene-Farm etc.) (2) Creating an environment for acceleration of introduction of fuel-cell vehicles (3) Realizing new technologies such as hydrogen power generation for full-scale usage of hydrogen (4) Promoting development of production and storage/transportation technology for stable supply of hydrogen (5) Formulating a road map toward the realization of a "hydrogen society" 5
Hydrogen/FC Strategic Roadmap 1. Movement to hydrogen 2009 Release Micro-CHP FC 2014 Release FCV 2020 Achieving a reduction of hydrogen price to a level equal to or lower than that of fuels for hybrid vehicles 2025 Installation fuel cell Phase 1 Achieving a reduction of FCV prices to the level of hybrid vehicles Hydrogen power generation / Mass hydrogen supply chain Phase 2 Mid 2020s Introduction of hydrogen from overseas Around 2030 Production, transportation and storage of hydrogen derived from unutilized energy resources imported from overseas Zero-carbon emission hydrogen (CO2 free hydrogen) supply system Phase 3 Around 2040 Zero-carbon emission hydrogen with a CCS process or others 6
1. Movement to hydrogen Demand growth FCV to Olympic/Paralympics Process gas FCV Power generation Vast demand for hydrogen Diffusion of power generation and FCV Tokyo Olympic/Paralympics As Hydrogen Olympics Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCV) Released 2014 2020 2025 Process usage 7
Contents 1. Movement to hydrogen utilization 2. Concepts of hydrogen supply chain 3. Technologies for hydrogen infrastructure 4. Progress of the project 8
Concepts of CO 2 free hydrogen supply chain Oversea Japan 2. H 2 Supply chain Our target is brown coal in Australia Fossile energy H 2 Renewable energy Liquefied hydrogen container Use in processes Semiconductor, solar cell productions oil refining and desulfurization Transportation equipment Refueling station Fuel cell vehicles CO 2 CO 2 Capture Storage (CCS) Liquefaction & storage CO 2 free H 2 Liquefied hydrogen carriers C JAXA Liquefied hydrogen storage tanks Distributed power generation Hydrogen gas turbines and engines, fuel cells etc. Power plants Combined cycle power plants Hydrogen production Transport & storage Utilization 9
Hydrogen potential from overseas 2. H 2 Supply chain Wind, hydro, oil & gas H2 Hydro H2 Hydro H2 Wind H2 10
Liquefied hydrogen for mass transport Feature of liquefied hydrogen Very low temperature : boiling point at -253 Volume : 1/800 of gaseous states 2. H 2 Supply chain Already implemented transportation medium for process usage and space rocket fuel. High purity = no need for refinement (readily usable for fuel cell after vaporization) Storage tanks largest in Japan (Tanegashima rocket launch base) LNG carrier ship (mass energy transport) 11
Rough study on commercial supply chain 2. H 2 Supply chain CO2 free Hydrogen production CO 2 1 Coal+CCS Liquefaction Storage and loading Transport Unloading and storage CO 2 2 NG+CCS 3 RE(Water electrolysis) Operation system: 160,000m3 Carrier 2 Hydrogen Production Transport & Storage Utilization 1 2? Material CCS Location Brown coal 15$ AU$/t Natural gas 5$ /MMBtu? 3 RE 20$/MWh? Water electrolysis 15 AU$/t-CO2 15$/t-CO2 Australia Middle East - Middle East It s very reasonable cost as CO2 free hydrogen in Japan Equate Hydrogen CIF cost 30 JPY/Nm 3 12
Power generation cost [ yen/kwh] Comparison of power generation costs 2. H 2 Supply chain It is More expensive than fossil fuels, but cheaper, more stable and massively available than renewable energy among CO2 free energy Feed-in Tariff from July, 2012 for 20 years 20.0 CCS + Nuclear LNG Coal Oil Hydrogen Wind Solar 13
Concept of mass hydrogen introduction 2. H 2 Supply chain Industrial demand (Cogeneration, furnace) Refueling station FCV Fuel cell Hydrogen GT/GE Hydrogen reduction iron-making Oil refining desulfurization Low cost CO 2 free hydrogen Mass supply Hydrogen production from fossil energy with CCS Mass demand Hydrogen power generation Renewable energy hydrogen(future shift) 14
Contents 1. Movement to hydrogen utilization 2. Concepts of hydrogen supply chain 3. Technologies for hydrogen infrastructure 4. Progress of the project 15
Hydrogen liquefaction 3. Tech. for hydrogen Original key hard, expansion turbine, realizes hydrogen liquefaction system Very high revolution Hydrogen gas bearing Liquefaction temperature:-253 16
Liquefied hydrogen carrier ship 3. Tech. for hydrogen For realization of the world first liquefied hydrogen carrier ship 2500m 3 freight pilot ship Unique dome structure to keep vacuum Vacuum dual shell with stainless steel Highly insulated support structure Cargo tank Approval in principal is provided from ClassNK 17
Storage of liquefied hydrogen 3. Tech. for hydrogen Liquefied hydrogen tank Specifications Type Spherical double-shelled tank Volume 540m 3 Pressure 0.686MPa + vacuum Temperature -253 Thermal Insulation Vacuum perlite powder insulation Boil off rate: 0.18%/day 18
Onshore transport of liquefied hydrogen Liquid hydrogen container truck Specifications 3. Tech. for hydrogen Type ISO 40ft-type container Volume 45.6m 3 Liquid H2 Load Capacity Thermal Insulation Auxiliary 2.9 tons Vacuum multilayer insulation Evaporator for pressurized gas 19
Hydrogen gas turbine generator Combustion technologies being developed 3. Tech. for hydrogen Original burner attains stable combustion and suppression of NOx emission Fuel flexible with hydrogen and natural gas Key hard : combustor Natural gas 100% 60% 20% 0% Hydrogen burner 0% 40% 80% 100% Hydrogen 20
Contents 1. Movement to hydrogen utilization 2. Concepts of hydrogen supply chain 3. Technologies for hydrogen infrastructure 4. Progress of the project 21
Progress of the project 4. Progress Technologies of Kawasaki 2014 2020 2025 Basic Energy Plan Tokyo Olympic/Paralympic Pilot chain Commercial chain LNG Liquefied hydrogen 22
Pilot chain demonstration project Under planning toward 2020 Brown coal Hydrogen production H2 Liquefaction, storage & loading base Capacity: 2500m3 LH2 carrier LH2 unloading & storage base Hydrogen power generation Australia Japan 23
HyGrid society for the study on smart energy Society comprised of diversified energies via electricity and hydrogen 5. Progress http://www.hygrid.jp/index_e.html Members Iwatani corp., Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.(chair), International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (I2CNER), Research Institute for Systems Technology, Technova Inc.(secretariat), Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota Tsusho corp., Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Honda R&D Co., Ltd., Mitsui & Co., Ltd., Roland Berger Strategy Consultants. (As of Dec., 2013) 24
Scale of energy kw GW TW Role of hydrogen in HyGrid 5. Progress Compensate large fluctuation of renewable energies HyGrid Hydrogen Variation of wind power Battery Variation of solar power min hr day week season Time scale 25
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