Hydraulic Fracturing Test Site (HFTS) > September 28, 2016 > OGIF 2016 Washington, DC > Presented by: Eddie Johnston, Vice President Research Operations
ESTABLISHED 1941 Company Overview > Independent, not-for-profit established by the natural gas industry > GTI tackles tough energy challenges turning raw technology into practical solutions > Downhole to the burner tip including energy conversion technologies OGIF 2016 2
Hydraulic Fracturing Test Site (HFTS) - Project Overview Ground Truth: Through-Fracture Cores > In an $21 million project sponsored by a public-private partnership, GTI is collaborating with hydraulic fracturing experts from industry, academia, and government on a Hydraulic Fracturing Test Site (HFTS). OGIF 2016 3
Goals and Objectives > The primary goal of the HFTS is to minimize current and future environmental impacts by reducing number of wells drilled while maximizing resource recovery. > Objectives Assess and reduce air and water environmental impacts Optimize hydraulic fracture and well spacing Improve fracture models Conclusively determine maximum fracture height Aerial view of well sites in Texas OGIF 2016 4
HFTS Team Site Host Research Team Sponsors OGIF 2016 5
Test Site Location - Extensive Nearby Science Data > Data from 87 nearby wells made available to research team > 11 new wells Test Site Area 6 Upper Wolfcamp 5 Middle Wolfcamp Test Site Area > 2 Offset legacy wells Testing re-fracturing Whole Core Production Log Microseismic Dipole Sonic Log Petro Logs 3-D seismic LPI Leasehold LPI leasehold Laredo Acreage Reagan North corridor area UWC Hz MWC Hz OGIF 2016 6
One-of-a-Kind Data Set > Water and air sampling before and during fracturing, during flowback and production > Comprehensive geophysical open-hole well logs in horizontal laterals image + quad combo > Side wall cores 60 rotary and 50 pressurized > Diagnostic fracture injection tests 14 vertical, 4 horizontal > Cross-well seismic survey between 4 wells, before and after fracturing > Production and pressure monitoring during fracturing and ongoing > Radioactive and chemical tracers > Colored proppants > Microseismic and tilt-meter monitoring > Fiber optic coil tubing production logs > Through fracture whole cores > More OGIF 2016 7
Through-Fracture Core Recovery > Completed Slant Core Well Nearly 600 feet of whole core through two hydraulically fractured reservoirs Upper Wolfcamp Middle Wolfcamp > CT scanned all cores > Logged and cased well Quad Combo, including spectral gamma and image log > Mass Spectroscopy analysis in entire slant lateral > Core description completed > Installed 8 isolated bottom hole pressure gages to monitor reservoir depletion through created fractures Image Courtesy: Laredo Petroleum OGIF 2016 8
Through Fracture Core Highlights >Results challenge industry assumptions and understandings >Insights expected to increase resource recovery and spur new technology development Image Courtesy: Laredo Petroleum OGIF 2016 9
Groundwater monitoring > 5 groundwater wells within 2 miles of HFTS sampled for ground water quality before, during, and after hydraulic fracturing operations. Water Well > RESULTS No methane or BTEX measured in groundwater Conductivity and TDS increased during fracturing due to large volumes of water being withdrawn Aquifer chemistry returned to normal within 6 weeks > No evidence of subsurface migration of produced water or natural gas to aquifer OGIF 2016 10
Air Quality > Air quality was measured before, during, and after hydraulic fracturing operations 1,000ft upwind and 1,000ft downwind from HFTS pad to assess impact on local air quality. Wind Direction Air Quality Sampling Locations > RESULTS: Air quality during hydraulic fracturing, flowback, and production did not significantly differ from baseline measurements or from air quality in Midland TX. VOCs of interest measured during flowback were considerably lower than NIOSH time weighted average exposure limits. > No meaningful impact on local air quality OGIF 2016 11
Impact: Prudent Resource Recovery > Refinement of the Reservoir Model, implementation of optimized completions, and applied learnings from the GTI proprietary Hydraulic Fracturing Project, have resulted in a significant production uplift. > We anticipate that as the project advances, additional learnings will further enable efficiency gains, leading to safe, environmentally responsible, efficient, and commercial production in the Permian Basin. Source: Laredo Petroleum September 2016 Corporate Presentation OGIF 2016 12
Going Forward > Continue field data collection Pressure Monitoring, Production Monitoring, Environmental Sampling > Complete core description & develop methods for proppant detection in fracture surfaces and drilling sludge in core sleeves > Transition from field data acquisition to analysis and integration of data > Redefine the understanding of hydraulic fracturing via the research collaboration of world class subject matter experts > Elevate the learnings of HFTS and extrapolate the environmental impacts of precision well spacing and increased hydraulic fracturing efficiency on ground water resources to West Texas basins > Provide valuable scientific findings that inform the general public, policy makers, regulators, and operators to ensure prudent resource recovery as a key element of US energy security OGIF 2016 13
Contact information: Eddie Johnston Vice President Research Operations 847-768-0889 Office edward.johnston@gastechnology.org OGIF 2016 14