IESNA Daylighting Roadshow 20 April 2015 Portland, OR Christopher Meek, AIA, IESNA Integrated Design Lab Research Associate Professor University of Washington Department of Architecture cmeek@uw.edu http://www.bullittcenter.org http:/www.joelrogers.photoshelter.com http:/www.djc.om @ the Bullitt Center The Integrated Design Lab The Discovery Commons UW Integrated Design Lab, 2015 www.idlseattle.com 1
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Light Regulates Our Brain Chemistry 7
Seasonal Affective Disorder Newborn Intensive Care Units Breast Cancer Night Shift Workers Sleep Disorders Alzheimer s Disease 8
Lighting is 20%! 9
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Having Our Cake and Eating it Too Careful Application of Building Design Strategies and New Technology Allow for High Quality Daylit Environments with a REDUCTION in Energy Use. Create Small Loads! Use Daylight as the Primary Source of Illumination 11
Create Small Loads! Optimize Building Orientation and Shade the Building Skin N Giadrone MS, NAC Architecture 2003 Create Small Loads! Don t Overglaze Optimize Glazing Patterns for Daylight Photo: Benjamin Benschneider Benjamin Franklin ES, Mahlum Architects 12
Create Small Loads! Control Electric Lighting when Daylight is Present Herzog and DeMeuron Offices UNDERSTAND THE SKY AS A LIGHT SOURCE Photos: Max Foley 13
Regional Patters of Cloud Cover Portland: Annual Cloud Cover % Jan Mar June Sept Dec 14
Patterns of Direct Sun 15
Portland : Shading for Thermal Load Reduction Sun Rises and Sets ~25 deg N of E & W in June 68 Deg. 42 Deg. 21 East West Climate Consultant 3.0 UCLA Dept. Of Architecture Murray Milne Simulation and Performance Criteria IESNA Recommended Practices for Electric Lighting Design LEED 8.1 + New IESNA RP? 16
Common Daylighting Metrics: 1. Daylight Factor (Overcast Only) 2. Presence of Direct Sunlight (Shadow studies) 3. Illuminance at a single point in time 4. Climate based metrics (Annual) Daylight Autonomy (DA) Continuous DA (Photocell) Useful daylight Illuminance (UDI) 5. Luminance based metrics (Glare/Contrast) Daylighting Simulation : UW IDL 17
Weather-file Based Simulations Images: McNeil, A; LBNL; Three-Phase Method for Simulating Complex Fenestrations with Radiance; 2013 Annual Illuminance Data Day, Month, Hour Light Levels (lux) 18
Simulation Example Daylight Illuminance Evaluations % 6am-7pm % 19
Daylight Illuminance Evaluations % % Daylight Illuminance Evaluations 20
Shading System Integration 21
With Auto-Reset Blinds (Roller Shades) -IESNA Daylighting Metrics Committee, 2012 22
Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sda) Percent of an analysis area (space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year. sda 300/50% is the percentage of a space that exceeds 300 lux for 50% of the occupied time. Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE) Percent of an analysis area (space) that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance level for more than a specified number of hours per year. ASE 1000/250h is the percentage of a space that exceeds 1000 lux for 250 (~10%) of the occupied hours. Note: This is performed in a zero-bounce lighting simulation, so it does not included inter-reflected diffuse sunlight. 23
CASE STUDY: Programming for Daylight Defining Criteria in Pre Design Diagram: Mahlum Architects 2006 Issaquah HS, Mahlum Architects 2006 Define Performance Goals and Design Priorities Is daylight important for this space? Are views to the exterior important? How often is this space occupied? What time of day and time of year will the space be occupied? 24
Define Performance Goals and Design Priorities What are the minimum daylighting requirements? What are ambient and task illumination requirements? How crucial is direct sun and glare control? What is the minimum design illumination? Are there maximum light levels allowable? What might be the ideal solar orientation of particular program elements? What might be a good strategy for providing daylight (or not) at each particular space? Sidelighting? Toplighting? Other strategies? How does the daylighting strategy align with the geometric requirements of the program elements? Programming for Daylight Applying Criteria in Early Schematic Design Diagram: Mahlum Architects 2006 25
Programming for Daylight CORE INSTRUCTION: Classrooms Daylight: Very Important (DA > 75) (75% of lighting needs met by daylight) Views: Needed, Glare Control Crucial, Some Room Darkening Required Design Illumination: 45fc Orient Glazing: South/North (maybe West, NOT East), Side Lit/Top Lit Diagram: Mahlum Architects 2006 Programming for Daylight GYM / SHOPS Daylight: Very Important (DA > 75) (75% of lighting needs met by daylight) Views: Needed at Shops, Provide Glare Control Design Illumination: 45fc Orientation: Not Critical Daylight From Above Must be Top Floor Diagram: Mahlum Architects 2006 26
Programming for Daylight THEATER Daylight: Not Important Views: Not Desirable Design Illumination: 30fc/Dimming/Specialty Lighting Orientation: Not Critical (Bury) Diagram: Mahlum Architects 2006 Programming for Daylight CIRCULATION Daylight: Nice Amenity (Can tolerate wide range including full sunlight) Views: Not Critical, Shade for Thermal Performance Design Illumination: 15fc Direct Sun: OK Orientation: Not Critical Diagram: Mahlum Architects 2006 27
Visual Character: Novelty Hill Winery Retail/Experiential Zone Function Room Tasting Room Critical Visual Task Based Zone Tank Room Barrel Room Novelty Hill Winery, Mithun 28
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Analysis Methods: Daylight Metrics http://patternguide.advancedbuildings.net/home 33
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Terry and Thomas Building, Weber+Thompson 44
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IES EDUCATION STRATEGIC PLAN Provide effective lighting education opportunities in various forms and levels to IES members, nonmembers, allied professionals, educators, and students. 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 95 DAYLIGHTING RESOURCES 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 96 48
IES WEBCASTS IES DAYLIGHTING PODCASTS 5-Part Series 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR Sample slides 97 PUBLICATIONS IES SEM-6-12 Daylighting 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 98 49
PUBLICATIONS IES RP-5-13 Recommended Practice for Daylighting Buildings Sample figure 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 99 PUBLICATIONS IES LM-83-12 Approved Method: IES Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sda) and Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE) 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 100 50
PUBLICATIONS IES HB-10-11 THE LIGHTING HANDBOOK Tenth Edition, Reference and Application Design Application Framework 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 101 PUBLICATIONS ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2010 (I-P) Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (ANSI Approved; IES Co-sponsored) 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 102 51
PUBLICATIONS ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES 189.1-2011 Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings (ANSI Approved; USGBC and IES Co-sponsored) 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 103 PUBLICATIONS IES LEM-7-13 Approved Method: Lighting Controls for Energy Management 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 104 52
PUBLICATIONS IES LM-81-10 Approved Method: Photometric Testing of Skylights and Tubular Daylighting Devices Under Hemispherical Sky Conditions 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 105 PUBLICATIONS AEDG-7-11 Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small to Medium Office Buildings: 50% Energy Savings (ASHRAE/AIA/IES/USGB C with support from the DOE) Free PDF Download (see http://www.ies.org/store/aedg.cfm) 2013-14 EDUCATION DAYLIGHTING TOUR 106 53
Daylighting Design in the Pacific Northwest by Meek and Van Den Wymelenberg University of Washington Press 2012 http://www.washington.edu/uwpress/search/books/meeday.html Thank you! Questions? Christopher Meek, AIA Integrated Design Lab Seattle Research Associate Professor University of Washington Department of Architecture cmeek@uw.edu 54