(C-DAP) LAKHIMPUR KHERI District Planning Committee Lakhimpur Kheri (Uttar Pradesh)

[ Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) LAKHIMPUR KHERI District Planning Committee Lakhimpur Kheri (Uttar Pradesh)

[ Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) LAKHIMPUR KHERI District Planning Committee Lakhimpur Kheri (Uttar Pradesh)

PARTICULARS Executive Summary CONTENTS PAGE No. Chapter -1 Introduction 1-6 Chapter -2 Agriculture Profile Uttar Pradesh 7-29 Chapter -3 Farm Profile Of The District 30-39 Chapter -4 Constraints, Potential, strategies and vision for farm sector 40-44 Chapter -5 Proposed Programme In Crop Sector 45- I. Agriculture 45- A. Soil Management and Land Use Project 45-51 i ii iii Establishment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) System Management of Sulphur status in soils in intensive agriculture system to maintain sulphur availability of plants Establishment, Renovation and Strengthening of Soil and Fertilizer Testing Laboratories and Soil Health Card Programme a) Soil testing & fertilizer testing laboratories b) Soil Health Card Programme B. Adoption of organic farming system 52-53 C. D. E. Efficient Use Water Resources and Management 54-56 i ii Adoption and promotion of precision farming techniques through micro irrigation Demonstration cum training of ridge and furrow system of paddy cultivation for increasing water use efficiency and ecofriendly cultivation Seed and Planting Material 57-61 i ii iii Establishment of Seed Treatment and Demonstrations Units at Gram Panchayats Level for early and high germination rate to increase crop yield Production and Supply of Quality Seeds and Planting Material for Improvement of Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) Programme on promotion of cultivation of summer/winter pulses for improving productivity Technology Dissemination 61-71 i Customized Farmer Trainings and Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT ii Establishment of Integrated Farmers Training Center $ (IFTC) at District Level iii Establishment of Agri Knowledge and Market Information i-vii

iv v vi Centres Knowledge Dissemination at Field Level by Subject Matter Specialist (SMS) Publication and mass campaign for resource development of agri and allied sector using ICTS Training and demonstration of Integrated Pest Management in major crop to decrease the pesticide load in food chain F. vii Training and Demonstrations of Weed Management in Major Crop to Reduce the Yield Loss viii Farmers Training for Seed Production at Krishi Vigyan Kendra ix Farmers Study Tour within and outside the State for exposure and Motivation towards Commercialized Agriculture Farm Mechanization 71-73 i. Establishment of farm mechanization centers at Panchayat Level to Minimize the Energy loss of Human resources II. Horticulture 73-78 Programme for Small and marginal farmers and women Empowerment A. i. Promotion of Protected Cultivation of Vegetable Crops under Low Tunnels for Early Production of Vegetables ii. Demonstration and supply of Healthy Nursery in Vegetable crops B. C. iii. Development of nutritional kitchen garden for Balanced Nutrition at Village Level and Involvement of women in Horticulture Entrepreneur Development Programmes 78-81 i. Entrepreneur development in commercial vegetable production ii. iii. Incentive for Backyard Mushroom Cultivation Promotion of Bee Keeping for Honey Production and Processing for Price Realization Commercial Fruits 82-84 i. Promotion of High Density Planting in Mango Fruit Crops III. Promotion of Sericulture for Enhancement of Farmer s Income 84 D. Post harvest & agriculture marketing 84-86 Development of Facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce i ii Improvement and creating of new market facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce Improvement and creating of new market facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce Chapter - 6 Summary of Crop Sector 87-89

Chapter - 7 Proposed New Programme in Livestock Sector 91-100 A B C Animal Husbandry 90-95 i. Programme for year round production of Green Fodder to Provide Balanced Nutrition to Cattle ii. Strengthening of Animal Insemination Centres iii. Improvement of Cattle (Cow & Buffalo) iv. Poultry development v. Goat and piggery development vi. Livestock Disease Surveillance and Quick Alert System Dairy 95-97 i. Programme for Quality and Hygienic Milk Production ii. Promotion of Commercial Dairy Farming Units iii. Mini Milk Processing Unit iv. Dairy Training Workshop for Women Fisheries Development 97-99 i. Demonstration and Training of Fish Culture ii. Renovation of Village Ponds for Fish Production iii. Development of New Hatcheries for production of fingerlings D Planning, monitoring and evaluation of C-DAP. 99 Chapter 8 Summary of Livestock Sector 100 Annexure-I Annexure- II Matrix for Convergence Opportunities in District Lakhimpur Kheri List of on-going projects in district Lakhimpur Kheri in the field of agriculture and allied sector 101-103 104-106 Annexure- III Copy of Approved Letter from District Planning Committee 107-109

Executive Summary Concerned by the slow growth in the Agriculture and allied sectors, the National Development Council (NDC) in its meeting held on 29 th May, 2007 resolved that agriculture development strategies must be reoriented to meet the needs of the farmers. The NDC in its resolution advised the State Governments to prepare Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) that will fully utilize available resources and will include allied agriculture sectors. C-DAP, Lakhimpur Kheri is an innovative way to draw up plans for agriculture sector more comprehensively, taking agro-climatic conditions, natural resource issues and technology into account, and integrating livestock, poultry and fisheries more fully. Accordingly, the C-DAP for district Lakhimpur Kheri has been prepared. Lakhimpur Kheri district lies on the northern fringe of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated on the Indo-Nepal border and surrounded by districts of Pilibhit, Shahjahanpur, Hardoi and Bahraich. The main rivers flowing along the border of the district are Sharda, Ghagra, Koriyala, Ull, Sarayan, Chauka, Gomati, Kathana, Saryu and Mohana. The total area of district is 7680 sq km supporting a population of 32 lakh with a density of 416 persons per square km. Area wise, it is the largest district in U.P. and has 15 blocks. The net sown area is 4.84 lakh ha, out of which 3.23 lakh ha is irrigated. Cropping intensity is 150%. The annual rainfall in the district is 901 mm. While wheat and paddy are the main food crops in the district, sugarcane is main cash crop, which gives assured returns by net productivity of 214557 q/ha. Mango, banana and guava are the main horticultural crops and poplar, eucalyptus, teak and sheesham are the important plantation crops. The district has 3 cold storages with a storage capacity of 14000 MT. As far as the livestock resources are concerned the district comprises total population of 4145 cross breed cows and 12268 breedable buffaloes. There are 28 animal husbandry development centers and 58 artificial insemination centres. i

The major constraints related to the district are usar soil related problems, inadequate irrigation facilities, lack of improved seed varieties, infrastructure related problems, lack of technology dissemination amongst farmers and staff for technology transfer operation and lack of rural godowns and cold storage units. For faster development, various interventions and programmes are proposed depending upon felt need of the people of the district. The major areas of concern of soil management will be handled through Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) system and promotion of organic farming system. For efficient use of water resources and management like micro-irrigation, provision of establishment of soil and fertilizer testing laboratories will be initiated. For efficient water resources, demonstration and training of micro-irrigation and ridge and furrow system will be conducted. For production and supply of quality seeds, seed treatment units will be setup. Farmers training centres will be set up to educate them about latest technology through the use of ICT. Farm mechanization centres will be initiated. There are programmes to start protected cultivation of vegetable crops under low tunnel, nutritional kitchen garden and nursery for vegetable crops. For entrepreneurship development, mushroom, sericulture and beekeeping units will be promoted. There are plans to construct new grading and packaging houses, storages and market facilities. As far as livestock sector is concerned various programmes have been included for distribution of barseem seeds to farmers and for strengthening of artificial insemination centres. Special attention will be given to development of poultry, goatry and piggery. For dairy sector development schemes like establishment of commercial dairy units and milk processing units will be undertaken. For development of fishery sector, old ponds will be renovated and new hatcheries will be started The total cost of the project proposed in C-DAP of district Lakhimpur Kheri is Rs. 11405.6 lakh. The details of the project plan is given in Appendix-I. ii

COMPREHENSIVE DISTRICT AGRICULTURE PLAN OF LAKHIMPUR KHERI AT A GLANCE Appendix-I (OUTLAY AND YEARWISE ALLOCATION) S.No Name of Programme Outlay A. AGRICULTURE 1. Soil Management and Land Use Project 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year (Rs. In lakh) 4 th Year 5 th Year ii. Establishment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) System iii. Management of Sulphur status in soils in intensive agriculture system to maintain sulphur availability of plants 55.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 137.50 27.50 27.50 27.50 27.50 27.50 iv. Establishment, Renovation and Strengthening of Soil and Fertilizer Testing Laboratories and Soil Health Card Programme a) Soil testing & fertilizer testing laboratories b) Soil Health Card Programme 46.60 35.90 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.70 304.55 69.02 59.02 59.02 58.02 59.45 2. Adoption of organic farming 35.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 3. Efficient Use of Water Resources and Management i. Adoption and promotion of precision farming techniques through micro irrigation. ii. Demonstration cum Training of Ridge and Furrow System of Paddy Cultivation for Increasing Water Use Efficiency and Ecofriendly Cultivation 4 Seed and Planting Material 200.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 123.00 33.00 22.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 iii

i. Establishment of Seed Treatment and Demonstrations Units at Gram Panchayats Level for early and high germination rate to increase crop yield ii. Production and Supply of Quality Seeds and Planting Material for Improvement of Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) iii. Programme on promotion of cultivation of summer/winter pulses for improving productivity 5 Technology Dissemination i. Customized Farmer Trainings and Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT 20.25 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 123.00 24.60 24.60 24.60 24.60 24.60 475.00 95.00 95.00 95.00 95.00 95.00 286.50 87.30 49.80 49.80 49.80 49.80 ii. Establishment of Integrated Farmers Training Center $ (IFTC) at District Level 1410.00 600.00 210.00 220.00 230.00 150.00 iii. Establishment of Agri Knowledge and Market Information Centres 613.0 201.0 103.0 103.0 103.0 103.0 iv. Knowledge Dissemination at Field Level by Subject Matter Specialist (SMS) 413.10 82.62 82.62 82.62 82.62 82.62 v. Publication and mass campaign for resource development of agri and allied sector using ICT. 200.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 vi. vii. Training and Demonstrations of integrated pest management in major crop to decrease the pesticide load in food chain Training and Demonstrations of Weed Management in Major Crop to Reduce the Yield Loss 75.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 60.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 viii. Farmers Training for Seed Production at Krishi Vigyan Kendra x. Farmers Study Tour within and outside the State for exposure and Motivation towards Commercialized Agriculture 100.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 112.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 iv

6. Farm Mechanization i. Establishment of farm mechanization centers at Panchayat Level to Minimize the Energy loss of Human resources B. HORTICULTURE 1 Programme for Small and marginal farmers and women Empowerment 1046.00 227.50 227.50 227.50 227.50 136.00 i. Promotion of Protected Cultivation of Vegetable Crops under Low Tunnels for Early Production of Vegetables 62.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 ii. Demonstration and Supply of Healthy Nursery in Vegetable Crops 75.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 iii. Development of nutritional kitchen garden for Balanced Nutrition at Village Level and Involvement of women in Horticulture 2 Entrepreneur Development Programmes i. Entrepreneur Development in Commercial Vegetable Production. ii. Incentive for Establishing Backyard Mushroom Units. 91.50 16.90 17.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 10.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 182.00 36.40 36.40 36.40 36.40 36.40 iii. Promotion of Bee Keeping for Honey Production and Processing for Price Realization 70.00 50.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 3. Commercial Fruits i. Promotion of High Density Planting in Mango Fruit Crops 106.90 21.38 21.38 21.38 21.38 21.38 ii. Promotion of Sericulture for Enhancement of Farmer s Income C. POST HARVEST & AGRICULTURE MARKETING 75.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 5.00 v

1. Development of Facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce i. Improvement and creating of new market facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce ii. Value addition to Horticultural Produce through Establishment of Grading and Packaging Houses D. Livestock Sector 1 Animal Husbandry 25.00 15.00 10.00 - - - 100.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 Sub Total 6633.90 1869.17 1235.27 1231.27 1236.27 1061.90 i. Programme for year round production of Green Fodder to Provide Balanced Nutrition to Cattle ii. Strengthening of Artificial Insemination Centre iii. Improvements of Cattle (Cow and Buffalo) 30.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 30.00 30.00 - - - - 26.80 6.80 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 iv. Poultry development 268.00 53.60 53.60 53.60 53.60 53.60 v. Goat and piggery development 2530.90 506.18 506.18 506.18 506.18 506.18 2 Dairy vi. Livestock Disease Surveillance and Quick Alert System i. Programme for Quality & Hygienic Milk Production 202.50 37.50 37.50 40.50 42.00 45.00 60.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 ii. Promotion of Commercial Dairy Farming Units 650.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 iii. Mini Milk Processing Units 112.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 iv. Dairy Training Workshops for Women 3 Fisheries Development i. Demonstration and Training of Fish Culture 15.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 21.00 10.00 5.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 ii. iii. Renovation of Village Ponds for Fish Production Development of New Hatcheries for production of fingerlings 500.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 300.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 vi

4 Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Of C-DAP Sub Total 4746.70 977.58 940.78 940.78 942.28 945.28 25.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Grand Total 11405.60 2851.75 2181.05 2177.05 2183.55 2012.18 vii

Chapter - 1 INTRODUCTION The impact of the farm sector on the socio-economic fabric of the country can be realized from the fact that still sixty percent population of the country depends upon this sector for their livelihood. The sector contributes around 18.5 percent of the GDP. While the Indian economy had been growing at a rate of 6 percent per annum since 1993, the growth rate has increased to 9 percent during the last four years. This is in stark contrast to the growth rate of the agricultural sector which had witnessed sharp deceleration during the period of last one decade. The sectoral growth rate plummeted from a 3.62 percent per annum during the period of 1984-85 to 1995-96 to less than 2 percent in the subsequent period of 1995-96 to 2004-05. Agricultural growth was slightly above two percent during 2006-07, yet much lower than the targeted growth rate of 4 percent. In brief, Indian agriculture is in crisis and the growth rate is not keeping pace with the growth rate of the other sectors of the economy. To address this vital issue, the concept of Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) has emerged with the basic objective of grass root planning depending upon the felt need of the people covering entire farm sector. Planning and development process in India is constitutionally a state subject and central government's role is restricted to formulating policy guidelines and providing financial resources for the sector. The basic principle of planning is to rely on the people who are the end user. The planning should be for the people, by the people and of the people, rather than the planning by the policy makers and administrators. In order to prepare a developmental plan, it is necessary to assemble a profile of the district. This will lead to an understanding of the development perspectives of the district vis-à-vis the Vision of growth in different sectors and related milestones. The SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis is a strategic planning method which is often used in planning process through identification of the attributed that are helpful streamlining the agricultural development programme of a district, the attributes that may limit in 1

achieving the objectives of development, the internal attributes that are helpful in supportive to achieve the objective and finally the external attributes that may cause damage to the objective. The Agricultural Planning Units should broadly follow the SWOT analysis as the central tool for developing the document. Agriculture Planning requires much of technical support from experts in agriculture and allied sectors. Therefore, Agriculture Planning Units [District Agriculture Planning Unit (DAPU), Block Agriculture Planning Unit (BAPU), Village Agriculture Planning Unit (VAPU)] and at different levels of local bodies need to be constituted involving a group of experts from various disciplines relevant to the needs of the area. These units should assist the Panchayat Raj Institutions. A vision document needs to be prepared based on collective imagination for wellbeing of local community through realizing the potential for agricultural growth. The vision for development of agriculture should flow from the collective aspiration of all the stakeholders of the area. Schemes and programmes operating in the area are not necessary only basis for preparation of the vision document. Vision should also be supported by the strategy of the plan. The objective of the district planning is to design an integrated participatory action plan for the development of local area in general and agriculture and allied sectors in particular. The objective of comprehensive district agriculture plan (C-DAP) is to evolve an action plan for achieving sustainable agricultural growth with food security that will improve farmers income. It must be ensured in the process that in the plan is based on agro-climatic conditions, availability of technology, trained manpower and natural resources; the local needs and priorities in agriculture and allied sectors are reflected; productivity gaps in all such sectors are reduced and returns to the farmers are maximized; leading to quantifiable qualitative changes in agriculture and allied sectors. METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING COMPREHENSIVE - DISTRICT AGRICULTURE PLANS STEP I Primary data was collected through participation of stakeholders through Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools, conducted at Nyaya Panchayat and 2

block level. Strategic Research and Extension Plans (SREP) prepared by Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) of the district were also consulted. Information collected from district offices of the line departments was integrated with the results of PRA and SREP. I. Formation of Three tier Planning Unit; a. District Agriculture Planning Unit (DAPU) b. Block Agriculture Planning Unit (BAPU) c. Village Agriculture Planning Unit (VAPU) These three units have been constructed using the local representatives of that particular area and trained them to make the format and gathering the information. II. Resource Mapping 1. Manual by format designing and approval a. Development of format to gather information on grass root level covering agriculture and allied sector along with entire social, economical and developmental information of the block/village/ district. b. Survey by block/village resource person at block/village level to gather information on available resources and make them use in the planning process. 2. Use of information technology in Resource Mapping a. Use of innovative software for transmitting field data direct from field to on line monitor b. Data Capturing: Providing village & block resource persons with mobile hand sets carrying e-forms for capturing and transmission of data c. Use of mobile hand sets for sending data from field to central computer 3. ICT enabled service was also used for transmission of the results of PRA Surveys. III. Financial Mapping The resources available for the development of district under different central sector and states schemes were also considered and the funds available was tried to be converged along with new intervention to get visible effect and real development. 3

STEP - II Based on PRA, primary data and secondary data, the district profiles of individual districts were prepared. The core committee of experts, along with field officers of the line Departments from the districts analyzed the data and identified the constraints and potentials in the existing agricultural potential pattern of the district. Based on the SWOT analysis, vision for each district was developed and the strategies to boost farm production and profitability of farmers for each district were worked out. a. Formulation of new interventions based on the constraints, potential, vision and felt need emerged from PRA and PRI approach along with the discussion and meetings conducted b. The plan has been Integrated approach to be followed for development of district developed by involving farmers and line department of the district. The plan has been emerged from the bottom-up approach depending upon the local need and the people aspiration. STEP III Programmes both in crop sector and livestock sector were developed for obtaining holistic growth of farm sector as per the information gathered at various level of planning units (DAPU, BAPU and VAPU) of each district and its convergence with resources available from central sector schemes such as NREGS, BRGF and other central/state sector schemes was assessed. The plan documents were consulted for knowing the targets fixed for farm sector growth. Each programme was discussed in detail by the panel of Collect reliable data Identify sources Capacity building & handholding of PCs, Analysis and APUs & others Interpretations List needs, Prioritize & action points Formulation of projects Monitoring & evaluation System Development Plan Fin. Requirement & sources Delivery mechanism 4

experts, garm pradhan and line department officials before its inclusion in the Comprehensive-District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP). Although financial requirements are also given in each of the proposed projects, these were adjusted depending upon the size of the district, number of blocks in the district and other relevant specific features, constraints and potentials that exist. The report so prepared has been arranged in the following chapters: District Agriculture Profile Constrains, potentials, strategies and vision for farm sector of the district Proposed major programmes in crop sector i. Crop Husbandry including Horticulture ii. Irrigation water management iii. Rain water harvesting, conservation and its use iv. Women Empowerment v. Entrepreneur Development vi. Village Artisen vii. Sustainable Management of Natural Resources viii. Agriculture Marketing and Cooperation ix. Food Storage x. Soil and Water Conservation xi. Rural Infrastructure xii. Technology Dissemination to farmers Summary of crop sector Proposed major programmes for the district in livestock sector i. Dairy Development ii. Poultry development iii. Goat and piggery sector iv. Fisheries development v. Livestock disease surveillance and quick alert system Summary of livestock sector Details of the ongoing scheme and budget allocation Budget summary of the Comprehensive - District Agriculture Plan at a glance Convergence Opportunities STEP IV District-wise modification as well as fine tuning of Comprehensive-District Agriculture Plans in consultation with Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI). STEP V The plan developed was discussed with the members of ATMA and officials of line departments for final planning process. Comprehensive-District Agriculture 5

Plan was discussed, amended and approved by ATMA before its presentation and approval by District Planning Committee (DPC), the final approving authority of C-DAP. 6

Chapter - 2 AGRICULTURE PROFILE UTTAR PRADESH Amongst all the states of India, Uttar Pradesh has the highest number of farm holdings i.e. over 20 million, spread across varied agro climatic conditions and soil types. Agriculture is the most crucial sector for economic development of the state. It contributes the highest share of about 33% to the total income of the state. A vast majority of the population in the State relies mainly on Agriculture for its livelihood. The State has significant bearing on the Agricultural performance at the national level. It produces about one fifth of the total food grains in the country, which is the highest among all states. About one third (34.71%) of all wheat produced in the country comes from Uttar Pradesh. Similarly around 45% (44.62%) of the country's sugar cane is produced in Uttar Pradesh. Evidently the State s agriculture has a paramount role to play in the food production and food security of the country. The contribution of U.P. in the total production of the country in respect of major crops is given in Table 2.1. 7

Table 2.1: Contribution of Uttar Pradesh to the Production of Some Agriculture Commodities, 2005-06 Name of Crops Production in Lakh tons India U.P. Contribution of U.P. % Total Food grain 2086.00 404.10 19.37 Rice 917.90 111.30 12.13 Wheat 693.50 240.70 34.71 Jowar 76.30 2.40 3.15 Bajra 76.80 12.50 16.28 Maize 147.10 10.50 7.14 Total Pulses 133.80 22.30 16.67 Gram 56.00 6.60 11.79 Arhar 27.40 3.80 13.87 Lentil 9.90 5.00 50.15 Total Oilseeds 252.90 9.40 3.72 Groundnut 79.90 0.90 1.13 Rapeseed/Mustard 81.30 9.10 11.19 Sunflower 14.40 0.20 8.39 Sugarcane 2811.70 1254.70 44.62 Potato 239.10 99.90 41.78 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 8

2.1. Agro climatic zone wise proportion of districts The state is divided into nine zones. The detailed coverage of districts is given in Table 2.2. Table 2.2: Agro-climatic zones of Uttar Pradesh, 2005-06 S.N. Agro Climatic Zone Districts 1 Tarai and Bhabar Saharanpur (58%), Muzaffarnagar Nagar (10%), Bijnor (79%), Moradabad (21%), Rampur (40%), Bareilly (19%), Pilibihit (75%), Shahjahanpur (6%), Khiri (39%), Bahraich (47%), Shravasti (71%) 2 Western Plain Saharanpur (42%), Muzaffarnagar Nagar (90%), Meerut, Bagpat, Gaziabad, Gautam Budha Nagar, Buland Shahar 3 Mid Western Plain Bareilly(81%), Badaun, Pilibihit(25%), Moradabad (79%), Jyotibaphule Nagar, Rampur (60%), Bijnor (21%), 4 South Western Agra, Firozabad, Aligarh, Hathras, Mathura, Mainpuri, Etah 5 Central Shahjahanpur (94%), Kanpur Nagar, Kanpur Dehat, Etawa, Auraiya, Farrukhabad, Kannauj, Lucknow, Unnao, Raibareilly, Sitapur, Hardoi, Khiri(61%), Fetehpur, Allahabad (58%), Kaushmbi 6 Bundelkhund Jhansi, Lalitpur, Jalaun, Hamirpur, Mahoba, Banda, Chitrkoot, 7 North East Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Deoria, Kushi Nagar, Basti, St. Kabir Nagar, Siddhartha Nagar, Gonda, Baharaich(53%), Balrampur, Shravasti (29%) 8 Eastern Azamgarh, Mau, Balia, Pratapgarh, Faizabad, Ambedkar Nagar, Barabanki, Sultanpur, Varanasi, Chandauli, Jaunpur, Gazipur, St.Ravidas Nagar (86%) 9 Vindhyan Allahabad(42%), St. Ravidas Nagar (14%), Mirzapur, Sonebadhra Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Note: Percentages in parentheses indicate the portion of district falling in respective agro-climatic zone. 9

2.2. Productivity Status of Agro-Climatic Zones, 2006-07 Productivity of different crops in different zones pertaining to the year 2006-07 is indicated below. 2.2.1. Cereals The average productivity of food grains in the state is 20.77 quintals per Ha and in case of cereals; it is 22.90 Q/Ha. The food grains productivity varies in different agro-climatic zones from 10.51 Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to 30.49 Q/Ha (in western plain zone). Similarly in case of cereals it varies from 16.19 Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to 31.40 Q/Ha (in western plain zone). The zone-wise details are presented in Table 2.3. Table 2.3: Zone-wise Productivity of Cereal Crops, 2006-07 (Q/ha) S. N. Zones Food grains Total Cereals Rice Wheat Jowar Bajra Maize 1 Tarai & Bhabhar 23.76 24.82 20.82 30.12 10.87 11.06 10.02 2 Western Plain 30.49 31.40 22.36 35.61 8.08 12.43 18.58 3 Mid- Western Plain 4 South West.Semi-Dry 5 Mid-Plain/ Central 23.73 24.65 19.98 30.26 10.73 13.44 14.97 23.54 24.30 22.98 28.57 11.37 15.70 19.10 22.23 24.00 19.52 29.10 12.08 14.92 13.03 6 Bundelkhand 10.51 16.19 8.20 19.11 8.41 13.61 9.19 7 North Eastern Plain 22.20 21.09 17.42 25.87 11.94 16.48 9.77 8 Eastern Plain 20.37 21.41 17.82 25.91 --- 12.02 11.73 9 Vindhyan 16.22 17.64 18.27 19.94 11.71 9.30 6.30 10 Uttar Pradesh 20.77 22.90 18.78 27.66 10.29 14.55 13.26 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 10

2.2.2. Pulses The average productivity of pulses is 7.25 Q/Ha in the state. It varies in different agro-climatic zones from 6.57 Q/Ha (in Bundelkhand zone) to 8.09 Q/Ha (in mid central plain). The zone-wise details are presented below in Table 2.4. Table 2.4: Zone wise Productivity of Pulses in 2006-07 (Q/ha) S. No. Zones Total Pulses Arhar Gram Pea Lentil Urad 1 Tarai & Bhabhar 7.18 6.70 7.44 9.67 7.22 7.38 2 Western Plain 7.91 9.55 7.30 9.67 5.66 5.61 3 Mid- Western Plain 7.61 6.92 7.30 9.67 7.68 6.63 4 South West. Semi- Dry 7.45 8.31 8.31 9.67 9.05 5.61 5 Mid-Plain/ Central 8.09 8.22 10.66 12.13 7.68 5.17 6 Bundelkhand 6.57 6.40 6.22 9.36 5.52 5.40 7 North Eastern Plain 7.98 6.20 7.39 9.67 8.68 5.47 8 Eastern Plain 8.02 7.66 8.62 9.95 8.47 5.61 9 Vindhyan 7.94 6.90 9.59 10.38 6.88 4.89 10 Uttar Pradesh 7.25 7.49 7.42 9.67 7.05 5.61 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.2.3. Oilseeds The average productivity of Oil seeds is 8.36 Q/ha in the state. It varies in different agro-climatic zones from 3.74 Q/ha (in bundelkhand zone) to 13.03 Q/ha (in south-western semi dry zone). The zone wise details are presented below in Table 2.5. The target for average annual growth rate of agriculture sector during the 10 th Plan was 5.1 percent. However, the achievement was 11

only about 2 percent. A lower growth rate of this order is indicative of the fact that there was something missing in the efforts and strategies for agriculture development. The past growth rates in the agriculture sector show that the state achieved a growth rate of 5.7 percent during the Fifth Plan. Thus, the State has potential for achieving much higher growth in this sector. It is in this background that a growth rate of 5.7 percent has been envisaged in agriculture sector during Eleventh Plan. Table 2.5: Productivity of Oil Seeds, 2006-07 (Q/ha) S. No. Zones Total Oilseeds Rapeseed/ Mustard 1 Tarai & Bhabhar 8.13 8.67 2 Western Plain 9.69 9.78 3 Mid- Western Plain 9.26 10.04 4 South West. Semi-Dry 13.03 13.17 5 Mid-Plain/ Central 8.02 9.28 6 Bundelkhand 3.74 4.49 7 North Eastern Plain 8.26 8.42 8 Eastern Plain 10.39 11.68 9 Vindhyan 5.05 5.46 10 Uttar Pradesh 8.36 10.22 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh As per 2000-01 Agriculture Census, there is a predominance of marginal and small farmers in the State, small farmers and marginal farmers account for 76.9 % and 14.6% of the total holdings respectively. This group of small and marginal farmers own 61.2% of the total land area. Average size of holding is only 0.83 ha. per farmer. However, the average size of holding of marginal farmers is 0.40 hectare. 12

2.3. Land Use Pattern The land use pattern (2005-06) in the State has been indicated in the Table 2.6. The total cultivated area of the state is 166.83 lakh ha. And the gross cropped area is 255.24 lakh ha. The cropping intensity in the state is 153 %. The area sown during rabi is more as compared to area sown in kharif. The area under sugarcane which is an annual crop is 0.38 lakh ha. 2.4. Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) Seed is one of the most vital inputs responsible for higher production and can contribute 10 to 15 percent increase in production. The seed scenario in U.P. during the Tenth Five Year Plan Period has been quite encouraging in case of cereals especially paddy and wheat. An encouraging trend has been noticed in the Seed Replacement Rate also during the Tenth Five Year Plan which is evident from the Table 2.7. The recommended seed replacement rate in case of self pollinated crops is 25%. In case of hybrids e.g. maize, bajra etc and in case of cotton where Bt hybrids have been released, the replacement should be total. As such the SRR, in case of almost all the crops needs improvements. 13

Table 2.6: Land Use Pattern, 2005-06 (lakh ha) S. N. Particulars Uttar Pradesh 1 Reporting Area 242.01 2 Forest 16.88 3 Barren Land 5.30 4 Non Agri. Use 6.49 5 Culturable Waste 4.54 6 Pastures 0.64 7 Misc. Trees etc. 0.44 8 Current Follow 12.17 9 Other Follow 5.74 10 Net Area Sown 166.83 11 Area Sown more than Once 88.41 12 Gross Cropped Area 255.24 13 Cropping Intensity 153.00 14 Kharif 118.57 15 Rabi 128.39 16 Zaid 7.91 17 Area Under Sugarcane (annual crop) 0.38 18 Gross Cropped Area 255.24 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 14

Table 2.7: Crop-Wise Seed Replacement Rate during X th Five Year Plan S. N. Name of Crop X th Plan Target of 02-03 (%) 03-04 (%) 04-05 (%) 05-06 (%) 06-07 (%) (2006-07) 1. Paddy 21.83 15.90 17.25 17.90 20.29 20.54 2. Maize 19.46 7.80 10.90 14.03 12.28 18.67 3. Bajra 51.25 17.70 35.90 41.78 50.54 53.47 4. Jowar 11.36 4.90 5.60 8.28 10.57 14.95 5. Urd 12.40 8.80 10.90 11.45 11.20 9.86 6. Moong 20.00 16.20 15.30 18.99 23.06 56.83 7. Arhar 18.89 13.20 13.50 15.06 18.23 17.62 8. Groundnut 4.17 1.50 2.60 3.57 3.96 3.08 9. Til 9.80 2.50 2.90 5.32 8.84 10.46 10. Soyabean 34.05 13.10 23.90 32.27 31.68 15.18 11. Sunflower 73.33 100 72.60 51.73 14.13 61.93 12. Cotton 72.00 73.80 60.60 39.36 64.00 66.16 Kharif 16.00 17.03 17.09 19.06 19.48 13. Wheat 23.82 16.42 16.88 18.97 21.40 24.14 14. Barley 20.00 11.03 12.09 13.93 18.78 24.60 15. Gram 12.50 8.16 9.14 11.07 11.50 14.36 16. Pea 23.98 9.49 12.90 14.12 23.91 20.96 17 Lentil 12.50 7.08 11.25 0.73 12.42 12.12 18. Rai/Sarson 53.00 38.18 52.87 85.00 52.00 58.38 19. Toria 100 64.96 91.48 23.92 103.00 86.48 20. Linseed 7.50 2.28 4.77 0.44 6.65 8.64 Rabi 16.5 18.14 18.14 20.67 23.29 Annual 15.06 17.91 17.58 18.86 22.46 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.5. Soil Health, Consumption of Fertilizers It has been observed that soil health has deteriorated sharply during the last few years. Indiscriminate and imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers, especially urea along with chemical pesticides and unavailability of organic manures has led to considerable reduction in soil health. Hence restoring soil health has emerged as a major challenge before the farmers and the State. 15

The State Government is taking steps to check the rapid deterioration in soil health in several areas. Although use of chemical fertilizers is very low in comparison to agriculturally advanced neighboring states like Haryana and Punjab and it is even below the national average, yet consumption of chemical fertilizers is increasing constantly and there is an imbalance in their usage which has caused the deterioration in soil health. The recommended fertilizer use in terms of NPK ratio is 4:2:1. When the nutrients are supplied to the field in the ratio of 4:2:1, maximum productivity is obtained. The pattern of fertilizer consumption in the state shows that the NPK ratio is gradually narrowing. During 2001-02 the ratio was 25.2: 7.6: 1. It has tapered down to 10.7: 4.0: 1.0 indicating the efforts at balanced use of fertilizer (Table 2.8). Table 2.8: Consumption of Fertilizers in10 th Five Year Plan Consumption (kg/ha) NPK Ratio Year N P K 2002-03 93.10 28.60 5.60 16.6 : 5.1 : 1.0 2003-04 93.10 30.10 6.00 15.5 : 5.0 : 1.0 2004-05 104.00 32.00 8.00 13.0 : 4.0 : 1.0 2005-06 107.00 34.00 8.00 12.5 : 4.25 : 1.0 2006-07 107.00 40.00 10.00 10.7:4.0:1.0 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.6. District-wise Status of Irrigation The state average of irrigated area is 79% but there is a wide variation in districts. The district wise irrigated area varies from 29% to 100%.The districts have been categorized in different slabs indicating the extent of irrigation as presented in Table 2.9. 16

Table 2.9: Irrigation status of different districts of U.P., 2006-07 S.No Slab No. Name of Districts 1 90 % and above 22 Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Bagpat, Mathura, Shahjahanpur, Aligarh, Hathrus (100%), Firozabad, Mainpuri, Etah, Bareilly, Badaun, Pilibihit, Kannauj Moradabad, Ajamgarh, Lucknow, Faizabad, Ambedker nagar, Chandauli.Gaziabad, 2 80-90 % 23 Bulandsahar, Bijnor, J.B. Fulenagar, Rampur, Farrukhabad, Etawa, Auraiya, Pratapgarh, Varanasi, Gazipur, Jaunpur, S. Rabidasnagar, Mau, Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Deoria, S. Kabirnagar, Unnao, Raibareilly, Sitapur, Hardoi, Sultanpur, Barabanki. 3 70-80 % 9 G.Budhnagar, Kanpur Dehat, Allahabad, Lalitpur, Balia, Khushinagar, Khiri, Gonda. 4 60-70 % 6 Kanpur Nagar, Fetehpur, Kaushmbi, Jhansi, Basti, Siddharthnagar. 5 50-60 % 2 Jalaun, Mirzapur, 6 Less than 50 % 8 Mahoba, Banda, Chitrkoot (29%), Hamirpur, Sonbhadra, Balrampur, Baharaich, Shravasti. Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.7. Agriculture Extension Dissemination of technical knowledge is a very important task. Agriculture Universities and other agencies are involved in the development of new techniques for the benefit of farmers in improving crop production. The knowledge of such techniques has to be transferred to the farmers who are the ultimate users. Through agriculture extension, this information is being disseminated to the farmers. For this purpose, Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMAs) has been set up in 32 districts of U.P. and it is 17

proposed to cover the entire state in the near future. ATMA provides a strong platform for convergence of all extension activities for holistic development of agriculture sector. ATMA has proved to be an effective medium of extension where programmes have been prepared in consultation with stake holders and implemented with their participation. 2.8. Horticulture Uttar Pradesh has diverse agro-climatic conditions and with its vast agricultural & natural resources, it is facilitating production of various food crops like fruits, vegetables, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants etc. The state is fourth in the country with a cultivated area of 15.91 Lakh hectares under vegetables. The state accounts for 16% of India's total population and produces 15% of the country's vegetables i.e. 266.06 Lac ton. UP ranks the second largest producer of vegetables among all states. Major vegetables are potato and peas (leading state), sweet potato (second among states), cabbage (sixth among states). U.P. contributes 40-45% of the potato production of the country. Similarly, UP ranks third in production of fruits among all states in the country. Major fruits grown in the state are Mango (leading state in India in terms of production), Guava (ranked fourth in India), Banana and Litchi. The overall productivity of fruits in the state is 10.79 tons/ha against national average of 11.9 tons per hectares. The important spices produced in Uttar Pradesh are onion (sixth among states), turmeric, chili, garlic, fennel, fenugreek and coriander. Nearly 72% of the total population of the state is engaged in cultivation, out of which approximately 80% farmers are in the small and marginal category. To boost the required horticultural development in the state different schemes / programmes under state / centrally sponsored schemes are being implemented. There is a good scope for vegetables and fruit production in the state, especially quality production through organic farming. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan period (2007-12), the growth rate of this sector has been fixed at 10%. To achieve this growth rate, the department is implementing various developmental schemes i.e. introduction of new 18

varieties of fruits, adoption of hybrid varieties of vegetables and spices of high quality, adoption of new horticultural techniques, production of European vegetables, adoption of new techniques to increase production of flowers and medicinal plants, establishment of high-tech model nurseries, apiculture, mushroom cultivation, establishment of distillation units for flowers and medicinal & aromatic plants, onion stores units and the establishment of semiprocessing and processing units in the state. Recently organic farming has caught the fancy of the farmers and thus effort needs to be encouraged for production of chemical free fruits and vegetables with a provision of reliable traceability in order to improve nutritional security of the country. 2.9. Sugarcane Sugarcane is another important crop in the State. Almost half of the total sugarcane area in the country is in Uttar Pradesh. About 30 percent sugar production in the country is contributed by the State, yet at 58.2 tonnes per hectare, productivity is much below the all India average of 66.9 tonnes and average sugar recovery is almost 75 percent of all India average. Major challenges facing the sugarcane sector in U.P. are (i) Limited availability of water for irrigation; (ii) Depletion of soil fertility; (iii) Increase in the prices of fertilizer herbicides and pesticides (iv) Price escalation of petroleum products; and (v) Limited availability of farm labor. The state is implementing intensive Cane Development Programmes including improved seed production programme, Soil and Seed treatment, and Ratoon management 2.10. Animal Husbandry Uttar Pradesh has a livestock population of 585.31 lakh heads excluding poultry per 2003 Animal census. The cow population stands at 185.51 lakh heads which comprises 16.34 lakh crossbred and 169.17 lakh indigenous breeds. Likewise, the State has 229.14 lakh buffaloes. Sheep population stands at just 14.37 lakh. Although sheep wool constitutes the most important raw material for the carpet industry in the State, yet its 19

population is showing a declining trend. Similarly, the goat population is just 129.41 lakh although it is called the poor man s cow. There are only 22.84 lakh pigs the most proliferate, low input and high output animal and its population is also decreasing over the years. Poultry population is also meager at just 117.18 lakh birds although the State is a major consumer of poultry products. Further, virtually no growth has been recorded in poultry population in the State. Out of 414.65 lakh cattle & buffaloes in the State, there are only about 173.82 lakh breedable animals. Out of 173.82 lakh breedable cows and buffaloes, only 117.81 lakh (68 percent) are milching animals. Table 2.10: Livestock population in the State Livestock Population (000) Percent Increase/Decrease Category 1997 2003 Crossbred cattle 2105 1634-22.38 Indigenous cattle 17911 16917-5.55 Total cattle 20016 18551-7.32 Buffaloes 18996 22914 20.63 Total Bovines 39012 41465 6.29 Sheep 1905 1437-24.57 Goats 11784 12941 9.82 Pigs 3135 2284-27.15 Camels 31 16-48.39 Others 545 388-28.81 Total Livestock 56412 58531 3.76 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Total poultry population in the state is about 11.71 million birds. Over the period of 10 th plan, fowl population has decreased by around 3.5 per cent the total poultry by 3.3 per cent in the State. Ducks and other birds have shown 20

an increase of 2.5 per cent during the period - over 60 per cent of them comprising indigenous fowls in the backyards of rural households. Poultry production in Uttar Pradesh consists of two distinctly different streams: the organized poultry industry made up of exclusively of commercial hybrid birds and the backyard system with indigenous fowl in the rural areas. Organized poultry industry in UP is stagnant and over half of the eggs and poultry meat consumed in the state is imported from States as far away as Andhra Pradesh and some from neighbouring Punjab and Haryana. While the state s neighbouring States (Punjab and Haryana) have a successful and flourishing poultry industry and account for nearly 40 per cent of the table eggs and broiler import into the State, UP itself has lagged far behind in organized egg / broiler production. Overall Uttar Pradesh stands 1 st in milk production, 5 th in wool production, 7 th in egg production and 1 st in meat production in the country. 2.10.1. Livestock Production The livestock of the state contributed to the State s economy by producing 180.946 lakh metric tonnes of milk, 8135.1 lakh eggs, 14.61 lakh kg wool and 2002.31 lakh kg meat in 2006-07. Uttar Pradesh is the largest milk producing state in the country since last many years. Per capita availability of milk in U.P. is 290 gm while the national average is 245 gm/day against the minimum requirement of 280 gram per day per capita as recommended by ICMR. Yet, there is good scope for breeding of cows, especially cross-bred cows for increasing productivity and production of milk. 2.10.2. Meat Production The state also plays a vital role in meat production in the country. Uttar Pradesh is the largest meat exporter in the country with the exports worth Rs.200 crores. Meat production status of U.P. is given in Table 2.12. 21

Table 2.11: Milk Production in U.P., 2006-07 Category / Animal Total milk production (lakh Litres) Percentage Contribution Buffalo 124.139 68.61 Cow 46.276 25.57 Goat 10.531 05.82 Total 180.946 100.00 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Table 2.12: Meat Productivity and Production in U.P., 2006-07 Category / Animal Av. meat productivity (Kg. /animal) Total meat production (lakh Kg) Percent contribution Buffalo 120.759 1475.577 73.69 Goat 16.133 327.921 16.38 Sheep 16.554 52.620 02.63 Pig 44.507 146.191 07.30 Total 2002.309 100.00 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.10.3. Availability of Fodder The state has negligible pasture facilities, inadequate green fodder and concentrate feed availability. Only about 4 per cent of agricultural land is under fodder crop production. Fodder requirement & production status is given in Table 2.13. There is, thus a dire need for improving the productivity of fodder crops and expansion of area under green fodder. For this purpose the fodder seed production facilities in the State need strengthening. Table 2.13: Requirement and availability of fodder, 2006-07 Commodity Requirement (Lakh MT) Availability (Lakh MT) Deficit (Lakh MT) Deficit (%) Green Fodder 933.06 617.62 315.44 33.80 Dry Fodder 571.19 548.60 22.59 03.95 Compounded Feed 120.85 63.25 57.60 47.66 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 22

2.11. Fisheries Importance of aquatic resources in our economy is well recognized. The need for protective food production has assumed vital importance. Hence, use of aquatic resources for developmental purpose such as aquaculture and fisheries at par with the terrestrial resources for agriculture and animal husbandry, has attracted considerable attention in recent years. As a result of intensive efforts, aquaculture has become one of the fastest growing food production sub-sectors over the past two decades in India. Distribution (percentage) of aquatic resources of Uttar Pradesh is detailed in Table 2.14. Table 2.14: Aquatic Resources in the U.P., 2006-07 Resource Percentage Rivers &Canals 62% Large & Medium Reservoirs 12% Ponds 14% Lakes 12% Total 100% Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh The Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) has laid down the monitorable targets for fisheries sector (Table 2.15) and the salient features of this programme are as under: Growth rate to be increased from 7.4% to 13%. Enhancement of productivity from 2.8 t/ha/yr to more than 4 t/ha/yr. Increase in total annual fish production from 2.90 lakh ton to 5.32 lakh ton. Increase in seed production capacity to get about 150 crore standard fingerlings from present 120 crore. Diversifications of fish culture activities for a variety of aquatic products e.g. prawn, catfish, ornamental fish 23

11 th Plan; The following table gives year wise details of physical targets during Table 2.15: Annual Physical Targets during Eleventh Five Year Plan S.No. Activity 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 1 Pond area lease (ha) 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 2 Improvement and 12000 12000 12000 12000 12000 construction of ponds (ha) 3 Fish seed production 126 132 138 144 150 (crore) 4 Establishment of 69 31 33 27 27 hatcheries (No.) 5 Seed rearing units 75 192 169 210 170 6 Training of 8000 8000 8000 7700 7700 fishermen (No.) 7 Fish productivity (kg/ha/yr) 2950 3100 3250 3500 3800 8 Fish production (lakh ton) 3.44 3.78 4.19 4.75 5.32 9 Organization of coop. 140 140 150 160 200 societies 10 Fish development 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 through co-operatives (ha) Source: 11 Development Official website of water of Govt. of 3810 India and 3251 Uttar Pradesh 3251 3251 2692 2.12. Resources Available Through Convergence In view of the resource crunch, loan assistance from NABARD under RIDF is being obtained since 1995-96 with the condition of their utilization in three years from the year of sanction. Further, Central Loan Assistance under Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) is also being provided by Government of India for early completion of the on-going projects, on which substantial expenditure has already been incurred. At present, as per modified guide lines for the accelerated irrigation benefits programme effective from December 2006, the central assistance will be in the form of central grant which will be 25% of project cost. The balance cost of the project as the state s share is to be arranged by the state government from its own resources. 24

The eligibility criteria for funding are as below: Major and medium projects as well as Extension, Renovation & Modernization (ERM) of irrigation projects are categorized for assistance as (a) having investment clearance of the Planning Commission (b) are in an advanced stage of construction and can be completed in the next four financial years (c) are not receiving any other form of financial assistance. Components of the projects not receiving any other form of financial assistance can also be considered for inclusion in the programme. 2.13. Minor Irrigation Ground Water Department is the nodal organization at the State Level, entrusted with the responsibilities of survey and investigation for the assessment of ground water resources and assisting the user departments in the ground water development, management, augmentation, conservation & regulation of ground water resources of the state covering 820 blocks. The proposal for 11 th Five Year Plan (2007-12) was formulated considering the problem arising out of indiscriminate use of ground water, its declining trend & developing scarcity areas. Keeping in mind, the ground water regime (quantitatively and qualitatively) problems arising out of overexploitation, causing declining ground water level and water logging, soil degradation due to shallow water table and excessive use of chemicals in the fields, the programmes of ground water development are being planned/proposed in such away, so as to provide permanent and sustainable solutions to the ground water problems in the State. The following ground water survey programmes are proposed to be carried out during financial year 2008-09. Detailed specific programmes and financial requirements are summarized below: Ground water Resource Estimation and Strengthening of Ground water survey : Monitoring of Ground water Level on hydrograph stations network (Observation well / Piezometer) Construction of Piezometers 25

Estimation of Ground Water Resource Micro Study in Over Exploited / Critical Blocks Quality Assessment / Monitoring of Ground Water Procurement of Drilling, Survey and Monitoring Equipments 2.13.1. Rain water harvesting: In the scheme of Roof top rain water harvesting, ponds and percolation tanks will be constructed for study purpose on model basis. There will be Inter departmental coordination for monitoring and implementation of Rain Water Harvesting / Recharging activities in the State. Impact assessment of rain water harvesting/recharging activities and schemes on ground water regime (ground water level and quality) are to be carried out. An outlay of Rs. 96.00 Lakh is proposed for this work. 2.13.2. Construction of Shallow Tube-Well for Small/Marginal farmers : The major interventions/ facilities for construction of tube wells provided Free Boring Scheme is given in Table 2.16. The salient features of scheme are : Construction of Medium Deep Tube-Well in alluvial areas of State where water bearing strata is between 31 to 60 metre. Construction of Deep Tube Well for deep and difficult areas of state having water bearing strata deeper than Sixty metre. Construction of Blast Well /Deepening of Well in rocky areas. Boring by In well Rig/Wagon Drill in rocky areas. Artesian Well Scheme (Mainly for Jalaun Distt.) Ground Water Recharging/Check dam Scheme in which Renovation of Ponds and construction of check dam is included. 26

Table 2.16: Status of facilities provided for minor irrigation works, 2006-07 S.N. 1 2 Name of Works Eligibility Criterion Free Boring A - Boring B - Pump set (5 Hp) Medium Tube Well 3 Deep Tube Well 4 Artesian Well 5 Blast Well 6 7 8 9 Boring by In well Rig Machine Deepening of Well in Rocky Area Surface Pump set (Rocky area of Bundle khand & Allah bad District) Construction of Check dam Small/Marginal Farmer Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Farmers of All Categories Community Work Average of project cost Rs. 8000/- Rs.18,000/- Rs.1.70 Lakh Rs.3.30 Lakh Rs.12,000/- Rs.1.20 Lakh Rs. 50,000/- Rs.122/- per hole Rs.20,000/- Rs.10.00 Lakh. Renovation of Community 10 Rs.03.00 Lakh Tank Work Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh Detail of Subsidy Provided 1- General Category (1) Small Farmer 3000/- (2) Marginal Farmer 4000/ 2- Small/Marginal Farmers of SC/ST 6000/- 1- General Category (1) Small Farmer 2800/- (2) Marginal Farmer 3750/- 3- Small/Marginal Farmers of SC/ST 5650/- 50% cost of the Tube well with maximum Rs. 75000/- & for water distribution system of cost with 50% maximum Rs. 10000/- Total Rs. 85,000/- 50% cost, maximum Rs. 1.00 lakh. 50% cost, maximum Rs. 5000/- 50% cost, maximum Rs. 50,000/- 50% cost, maximum Rs. 7500/- 50% cost, maximum Rs. 20/- per hole. 25% cost, maximum Rs. 3000/- Cent percent Subsidy. Cent percent Subsidy 27

2.13.3. Availability of Ground Water : As per available data Zone-wise ground water recharge, exploitation and stage of development in different regions of the state is given in Table 2.17. Although overall water balance situation appears to be positive yet, 37 blocks at present are over-exploited, 13 blocks are critical and 88 blocks are semi-critical and 675 blocks are in safe categories as per stage of ground water development. The available ground water balance in the State is 2.13 million hectare-meter (M ha-m) and out of this 1.95 M ha-m is available for irrigation purposes. Table 2.17: Annual Ground water balance in U.P., 2006-07 S.No. Balance Ground Water Ground Water Stage of Ground Zone Recharge Exploitation Development Water (M ha-m) (M ha-m) (%) (M ha-m) 1 East 2.54 1.68 0.86 66 2 West 2.58 2.05 0.53 79 3 Central 1.45 0.96 0.49 66 4 Bundelkhand 0.44 0.19 0.25 43 Total 7.01 4.88 2.13 * 69 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.13.4. Irrigation Potential Created : The irrigation potential from Minor Irrigation works at the start of 1 st five year plan was only 14.44 lakh ha. As per 3 rd Census of Minor Irrigation Works conducted by Govt. of India in the base year 2000-01, the actual irrigation potential created through Minor Irrigation Works came to 158.97 lakh hectares. The position expected at the end of 10 th Five Year Plan, after taking into consideration the depreciation of minor irrigation works at 1% as per 3 rd Census of Minor Irrigation works, is given in Table 2.18 which brings out that the State has made considerable progress through various five year plans and the 10 th plan provided a boost to the development efforts; yet, there remains a tremendous scope for further development in every sub-sector of the agriculture sector including crops, horticulture, animal husbandry and pisciculture. The eleventh 28

plan effort based on district level development plans is envisaged to boost the sectoral growth significantly. Table 2.18: Irrigation potential of U.P. S. No. Year Irrigation Potential Created (Lakh ha) Depreciation (@ 1%) Net Irrigation Potential (Lakh ha) 1 2000-01 - - 158.97 2 2001-02 3.61 1.58 161.00 3 2002-03 3.83 1.61 163.22 4 2003-04 2.92 1.63 164.51 5 2004-05 3.41 1.64 166.28 6 2005-06 4.00 1.66 168.62 7 2006-07 3.95 1.68 170.89 Source: Official website of Govt. of India and Uttar Pradesh 2.14. Over All Thus the state has made considerable progress through various five year plans and the 10 th plan provided a boost to the development efforts; yet, there remains a tremendous scope for further development in every subsector of the agriculture sector including crops, horticulture, animal husbandry and pisiculture. The eleventh plan effort based on district level development plans is envisaged to boost the sectoral growth significantly. The Comprehensive - District Agricultural development plan for district Lakhimpur Kheri, therefore, drawn by the state for consideration of the Planning Commission for the assistance under Additional Central Assistance Scheme in the following pages of the document. 29

Chapter - 3 FARM PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT Lakhimpur Kheri district lies on the northern fringe of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated on the Indo-Nepal border and surrounded by districts of Pilibhit, Shahjahanpur, Hardoi, and Behraich. The main rivers flowing along the border of district Lakhimpur Kheri are Sharda, Ghagra, Koriyala, Ull, Sarayan, Chauka, Gomati, Kathana, Saryu & Mohana. The total area of district is 7680 sq. km. supporting a population of 32.00 Lakh with a density of 416 persons per square km. Area wise, it is the largest district in U.P. It has fifteen blocks, namely Lakhimpur, Behjam, Mitauli, Pasgawan, Mohammdi, Kumbhigola, Bankeyganj, Bijuwa, Paliya, Nighasan, Ramiyabehar, Issanagar, Dhaurahara, Nakaha and Phoolbehar. The majority population is rural and the district has 67 % of the area under cultivation. A net area of 4.86 lakh ha. is under cultivation (sown area) with 3.90 lakh ha. or 67% under irrigation. The land holding is dominated by small and marginal farmers and more than 85 % of holding own less than two ha. 30

A total area of 4,79,215 ha. is under various crops grown during kharif, rabi and zaid. The agricultural potential of the district can be rated as high, which has more than 67.5 % irrigated area. Wheat and Paddy being the main food crops, a thorough study into its cultivation as prevalent in the district reveals that the important gaps are required to be addressed to realize optimum potential. Sugarcane is main commercial crop of the district, which gives assured returns. Mango, Banana and Guava are the main horticulture crops and Poplar, Eucalyptus, Teak and Sheesham are the principal plantation crops. The district has a limited number of cold storages spread in main blocks of the district and provides easy and easy access to farmers for storage of food crops. The district has 3 cold storages with a storage capacity of 14000 MT. The cold storages play important role in value enhancement of potato crop and prevent farmers from distress sale. Table 3.1: District Profile at a Glance (2007-08) 1 Area Item Characteristics Value 1.1 Geographical area (Sq km) 7680 1.2 Forest (ha) 163983 1.3 Net sown area (ha) 484 1.4 Area sown more than once (000 ha) 230 1.5 Gross irrigated area (000 ha) 567 1.6 Cropping intensity (%) 150 % 1.7 Fallow land (ha) 35773 1.8 Land not available for cultivation (ha) 5978 2 Administrative 2.1 No of blocks 15 2.2 No of villages inhabited and electrified 1279 villages electrified out of 1709 2.3 No of villages with potable water supply 1696 3 Rainfall (mm) 901 4 Agro-climatic region and zone Agro - Climatic region: 'Upper Gangetic Plains' & Agro climatic zone: 'Tarai' 5 Population 5.1 Total (000) 3200 31

5.2 Male (000) 1707 5.3 Female (000) 1493 5.4 Population below poverty line (000) 1173660 5.5 Cultivators 554231 (50.61 %) 5.6 Of whom small & marginal ones 360250 5.7 Agricultural labourers 103949 5.8 Artisans 1920 5.9 Household/cottage industries 9924 6 Literacy (%) 6.1 Total 48.40 % 6.2 Male 59.53 % 6.3 Female 35.39 % 7 Banks 7.1 Nationalized bank branches 87 7.2 Regional Rural Banks 43 7.3 Cooperative Banks 60 7.4 Branches of land devl. bank 9 8 Irrigation (000 ha) 8.1 Net irrigated area (ha) 323358 8.2 By channels (ha) 26442 8.3 By Tube wells (ha) 295313 8.4 Other sources (ha) 1603 9 Chemical fertilizers ( kg per ha ) 148.48 10 Agriculture support facilities 10.1 Seed/fertilizers/pesticides depots 163/17600 t 10.2 Rural markets/ mandis (No.) 6 10.3 Rural godowns 138/26000t 11 Dairy animals 11.1 Cattle (cows) 217502 11.2 Buffaloes 112268 11.3 Sheep/goat 25929/319664 11.4 Poultry birds 175885 Source: Potential Linked Credit Plan, NABARD, Lakhimpur. 2008-09 & Department of Agriculture, U.P. 32

Table 3.2: Distribution of Operational Holdings (2007-08) Farm size (ha) Operational holdings Area operated Number % ha % Up to 1 372502 73 181088 35 1 2 79833 16 134624 26 2 4 42468 8.4 116604 22.8 4 10 13119 2.7 69532 13.6 Above 10 591 0.12 10748 2.1 Total 508513 100 512596 100 Source: Potential Linked Credit Plan, NABARD, Lakhimpur. 2008-09 & Department of Agriculture, U.P. Main Industries Agro based industries Sugar mills Sugar cane crushers Rice/flour mills Handicrafts Khadi industry Major Food and Commercial Crops: Wheat, rice, sugarcane. Major Horticulture Crops: Potato, mango, guava, banana, etc. Principal Plantation Crops: Poplar, Eucalyptus, Teak and Sheesham. 33

Table 3.3: Crop wise details of area under Cultivation, production and Average productivity of different crops (2007-08) Name of crops Cropped area (ha) % of total cropped area Production (tonnes) Avg. productivity (q./ha) Paddy 192074 26.73 4001670 20.83 Wheat 204074 28.4 5686580 27.87 Other grains Food 41647 5.8 119830 9.63 Oilseeds 41947 5.84 248560 7.32 Pulses 27697 3.85 98480 6.7 Sugarcane 211097 29.38 12790789 606 Total District 718536 100 Source: Potential Linked Credit Plan, NABARD, Lakhimpur. 2008-09 & Department of Agriculture, U.P. Table 3.4: Block wise total area (ha.) irrigated by different sources (2007-08) Blocks Canal Govt. Tubewell Well Pond Other Total Private 1. Palia 0 0 34902 13 0 0 34915 2. Nighasan 0 0 36041 0 0 0 36041 3. Ramia Behar 0 0 14933 0 0 0 14933 4. Kumbhigola 570 375 25890 0 0 0 26835 5. Bijua 693 0 34481 4 0 32 35210 6. Bankeyganj 2921 434 22983 0 20 0 26358 7. Mohammadi 0 330 33729 0 0 0 34059 8. Mitauli 4728 326 23621 0 0 0 28675 9. Pasgawan 5322 468 27724 0 0 0 33514 10. Behjam 1611 233 20115 9 15 0 21983 11. Lakhimpur 5042 188 23601 56 0 0 28887 12. Phoolbehar 588 160 29942 0 0 0 30690 13. Nakaha 85 34 16849 0 0 0 16968 14. Dhaurehra 0 0 12359 0 0 0 12359 15. Isanagar 0 0 12638 0 0 0 12638 Total District 21560 2548 369808 82 35 32 394065 Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. 34

Table 3.5: Block wise details of area under different crops (2007-08) Blocks Paddy Wheat Barley Maize Total Masoor Total Musta Sugar cereals Pulses rd cane 1. Palia 10923 11003 10 432 22370 646 708 3443 24260 2. Nighasan 18024 16513 12 1427 35981 3444 3604 4556 21442 3. Ramia Behar 13390 10403 49 1664 25512 2017 2276 3110 14744 4. Kumbhigola 11176 14285 13 222 25766 807 1070 1254 12146 5. Bijua 16401 15627 5 178 32213 946 1070 1767 17577 6. Bankeyganj 13276 10664 10 105 24055 667 875 1229 11706 7. Mohammadi 16500 20697 0 130 37392 964 1874 1058 12821 8. Mitauli 9703 13235 25 79 23219 1270 2208 1406 13121 9. Pasgawan 13272 18036 86 73 31637 1032 1951 1391 14679 10. Behjam 9639 9583 13 124 19375 1236 1484 1300 10994 11. Lakhimpur 12924 10426 18 199 23605 1236 1798 1955 12806 12. Phoolbehar 17720 14392 24 415 32553 744 826 1669 12924 13. Nakaha 9312 9895 20 634 19894 1071 1253 1737 11991 14. Dhaurehra 7291 7909 30 754 15997 1795 1930 3190 11595 15. Isanagar 8234 17800 82 2839 29053 2635 2899 2669 11751 Total District 187785 200468 397 9275 398622 20618 25826 31734 214557 Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. Table 3.6: Percentage of production of main crops (qt/ha) S.No. Crop 2003-04` 2004-05 2005-06 1. Rice 23.83 20.83 22.46 2. Wheat 28.55 27.87 27.66 3. Barley 18.63 15.94 15.1 4. Jawar 9.57 11.19 10.58 5. Bajra 7.95 10.48 7.43 Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. and Department of Agriculture, U.P. 35

Table 3.7: Production of main crops in the district (in tons) S.No. Crop 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 1. Rice 429358.00 400167.00 421839.00 2. Wheat 580397.00 568658.00 554423.00 3. Barley 1038.00 652.00 600.00 4. Jowar 309.00 207.00 220.00 5. Bajra 345.00 370.00 266.00 Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. Table 3.8: Block wise agricultural implements in the district (2007-08) Year Wooden Ploughs Iron Advance harrow and cultivator Advance thrasher machine Sprayer number Advance sowing instrument Tractor 1. Palia 699 7137 6293 890 276 1355 2380 2. Nighasan 2820 6187 7877 988 178 1156 1807 3. Ramia Behar 3628 8412 8042 591 148 2175 661 4. Kumbhigola 489 1349 6639 613 132 1845 702 5. Bijua 1270 2724 7392 804 106 2205 474 6. Bankeyganj 277 1308 634 574 57 1310 444 7. Mohammadi 8745 3892 7571 2330 112 2085 2558 8. Mitauli 3864 5639 3987 1747 166 1500 748 9. Pasgawan 3188 6271 6600 1737 117 2065 1653 10. Behjam 1009 3559 6570 600 42 1555 940 11. Lakhimpur 429 4391 3436 1290 196 2175 1468 12. Phoolbehar 1695 4544 4304 2082 128 1455 1802 13. Nakaha 232 3111 3360 693 133 1780 928 14. Dhaurehra 2974 6413 3695 784 206 1315 1491 15. Isanagar 2725 6241 3200 611 190 1659 783 Total District 34707 72180 80901 16393 2302 25790 19094 Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. 36

Table 3.9: Block wise fertilizers distribution in the district (Mt) (2007-08) Blocks Nitrogen Phosphorus Potash Total 1. Palia 6234 1510 580 8324 2. Nighasan 3. Ramia Behar 4. Kumbhigola 5. Bijua 6. Bankeyganj 7. Mohammadi 8. Mitauli 9. Pasgawan 10. Behjam 11. Lakhimpur 12. Phoolbehar 13. Nakaha 14. Dhaurehra 15. Isanagar Total District 5240 1215 490 6945 4920 1140 310 6370 5120 2030 480 7630 4690 1420 430 6540 4630 1810 405 6845 5530 1620 610 7760 5130 1430 369 6929 5630 1410 610 7650 4740 1930 410 7080 6330 1490 690 8510 5220 1120 510 6850 4820 1005 390 6215 4710 1023 350 6083 4223 1300 480 6003 77167 21453 7114 105734 Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. 37

Table 3.10: Capacity and number of food storage in the district S. No. Item 1. Food Corporation of India 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 Number Capacity (Tonne) Number Capacity (Tonne) Number Capacity (Tonne) 7 12240 7 12240 7 12240 2. Central housing corporation 4 27200 4 27200 4 27200 3. State Housing 5 145000 5 145000 5 143450 4. State Government 130 4000 130 4000 130 4000 5. Cooperative 7 19360 7 19360 7 19360 6. Other 23 230 23 230 23 230 Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. Table 3.11: Status of area under horticulture crops in the district (ha) (2007-08) Blocks Potato Vegetables Fruits 1. Nakaha 85 1250 585 2. Phoolbehar 105 1300 598 3. Bankeyganj 68 1505 509 4. Bijua 30 1250 1087 5. Behjam 55 1405 568 6. Lakhimpur 142 1835 998 7. Kumbhigola 96 1865 996 8. Pasgawan 148 1275 992 9. Mitauli 75 1490 792 10. Mohammadi 225 1575 903 11. Palia 113 1425 1065 12. Ramia Behar 68 1665 1168 13. Nighasan 124 1650 665 14. Isanagar 40 1575 680 15. Dhaurehra 30 1675 483 Total District 1460 22740 12100 Source: Official website of Govt of U.P. And Department of Agriculture, U.P. 38

Animal husbandry, Dairy, Poultry and Fisheries In addition to agriculture sector, animal husbandry sector also contributes a lot in the district. Lakhimpur Kheri district is dominated by small and marginal farmers. Each household on an average keeps three animals to meet the requirement of his family. However, there are no organized dairy farms in private sector in the district. Lack of FYM and use of cow dung for burning has added to depletion of organic matter in the soil. Therefore dairy activity in the district can be encouraged for the benefit of the farmers. Table 3.12: Dairy Profile of District 1. Population of breedable Cross bred cows 4145 2. Population of breedable Buffaloes 12268 3. Number of milk producing animals per 100 population 11.13 4. Number of poultry per 1000 population 83.54 5 Number of cattle per 1000 population 442.13 6. Number of cattle per 100 has of area 159.46 7. Artificial breeding centre 58 8. Animal husbandry development Centers 28 9. Deep frozen Semen Sub-center 1 Source: Website-spatrika (Govt. of U.P.) 39

Chapter - 4 CONSTRAINTS, POTENTIALS, STRATEGIES AND VISION FOR FARM SECTOR Agriculture is the main investment activity in the district. The district is primarily agrarian in nature with 67% of the geographical area under cultivation. More than 85% of land holdings are less than 2 ha. Sugarcane is the main cash crop. The other crop raised in the district includes wheat, paddy, pulses, potato, vegetables, and banana. Hot and Humid weather condition in the district is suitable for mushroom cultivation. Majority of the area on the northern belt is covered with forest and thick vegetation and mustard is cultivated on a large scale in the district. Apiculture, therefore, have good scopes. Aromatic and medicinal plants are grown in abundance in the area. Thus, there is good scope for cultivation of aromatic and medicinal plants and extraction of aromatic oils which have great demand in medicinal and perfume industry. Similarly, manufacture of cardboard also has better scopes and can be prepared from baggase (waste from sugar mills and crushers) which is available in plenty in the district. Trade and services can also contribute in improving economy of the districts. There is also a scope for developing integrated fisheries with poultry, production of bio-fertilizer, horticulture and also for the promotion of self help groups for social forestry, vermi compositing, etc. Another constraint faced in the development of the district are the nonavailability of essential inputs, such as quality seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, veterinary services, power supply etc. Similarly, due to natural calamities i.e. drought / floods almost every year, there is soil erosion in some areas of the district which has also affected agriculture reducing net sown area. The floods in rivers cause perennial problem of water logging also. The district has black soils. The black soils are very fertile, moderately deep, poorly drained, but have high water holding capacity. These soils turn 40

sticky when wet and render agricultural operations difficult. The normal annual rainfall of the district is 1093mm. The agro-climatic condition in the district is suitable for rearing of milch animals. As the size of land holdings in each family is gradually reducing and also the number of hands to work is increasing, the dairy farming is becoming acceptable for economic activity among farmers and landless labourers. The major constraints faced in the development of the district are the non-availability of essential inputs, such as quality seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, veterinary services, power supply etc. The district suffers from a chronic problem of being ravaged by the river originating in the foothills of southern Nepal. Trade and services have emerged as another major sector contributing to the economy of the districts. There is scope for developing integrated fisheries with poultry, production of bio-fertilizers, horticulture and also promotion of self help group for social forestry, vermi composting etc. To sum up of constraints limiting the growth and productivity of agriculture in Lakhimpur Kheri district are: 1. Soil and Land Related Constraints Problems related to black soil. Underdeveloped usar land. 2. Water, Power and Water Use Efficiency Related Constraints Electric supply is extremely poor and erratic. Inadequate irrigation facilities. 3. Planting Materials Related Constraints Lack of improved seed varieties. Lack of adequate extension services. 33 % seed replacement rate of wheat. Lack of infrastructure for handling horticulture produce. 41

4. Constraints Related to Adoption of High Value Crops Lack of market infrastructure. New cropping systems are not introduced at suitable time. 5. Technology Related Constraints Customized farming as per prevailing weather and soil conditions. Lack of staff for technology transfer operations and ICT. 6. Infrastructure Related Constraints Inadequate number of cold storage units. Lack of rural godowns Table 4.1: Strategy to achieve higher growth rate in crop sector in district Lakhimpur Kheri Item Present trends / potentials Constraints Strategy Wheat Occupies maximum area of 204074 ha. Productivity is low and yield in last three years is constant around 2787 kg/ha, Achieving a target of 3500 kg/ha would mean annual growth rate of 5.1percent in five years. Poor seed replacement rate. Low fertilizer consumption. Seed replacement with superior varieties. Application of IPM Making excess to farming inputs Full seed replacement with superior varieties Balanced use of fertilizers and organic manures. Farmer Trainings Rice Cultivated on 192074 ha area. Productivity is good (2083 kg/ha). Potential exist to lift this yield marginally to 2500 kg/ha Lack of improved varieties. Poor SRR and poor water management. Follow NFSM guidelines. Improve water management i.e. Adequate water or follow bed and furrow system of cultivation. Maize Productivity is good at 1629kg/ha, Potential exist to take it to1800 kg/ha. Composite varieties be sown. 100 % seed replacement rate required. Balanced use of fertilizers and using of organic manures. New synthetic varieties with 100 % SRR. Improve irrigation. 42

Making excess to Farming inputs Farmer Trainings Sugar cane Cropped area is 211097 ha. Productivity is good enough (60600 kg/ha). Potential exist to lift this yield to 68000 kg/ha. Low seed replacement rate Fertilizer consumption inadequate. Inadequate electricity for tube wells Quality sugarcane seed not available Setting up of sugar mills. Promotion of farmer tie ups with sugar mills. Balanced use of fertilizers and organic manures. Making excess to farming inputs Small and marginal farmers 85 % cultivators are small and marginal farmers. Uneconomical land holdings can not be investing capital. Small and marginal farmers have poor economic base. Arrange customized farmers training. Encourage cooperatives and provide Agro-service centres. Capital subsidy for vocations like bee keeping, dairy and protective vegetable production. Others Presently there is acute shortage of extension staff. Inadequate extension infrastructure and staff shortage Provide need based and location specific farmers training at block level. Create infrastructure for farmers train The Vision Planning at grass root level requires participatory appraisal of different schemes to be implemented. Survey of different blocks of Lakhimpur Kheri shows people aspiration and expectation in the coming years as under : Promotion of Mushroom cultivation. Watershed development Reclamation of usar land. Training of farmers through KVK, Polytechnic EDI. More cold storages for potato and other perishable crops. Capital support to small and marginal farmers. Development of demonstration farms and nurseries for adaptive 43

research in blocks. Regular electricity supply. Based on the existing resources and potentials, following vision will be achievable by the implementation of Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan and state plan schemes. Table 4.2: Productivity Targets in Crop Sector for District Lakhimpur Kheri (kg/ha) Commodity Productivity (kg/ha) Present Potential Percent annual growth to be achieved Wheat 2787 3500 5.0 Maize 1620 1800 2.2 Paddy 2083 2500 4.0 Sugarcane 60600 68000 2.4 Source: Potential Linked Credit Plan, NABARD, Lakhimpur Kheri. 2008-09 & Department of Agriculture, U.P. It will be mainly achieved through high quality seed and planting material, as well as timely supply of other inputs and balanced fertilization. The soil health is an acute problem, encouraging organic farming and addition of organic matter will sustain the increase in productivity. 44

Chapter - 5 PROPOSED NEW PROGRAMMES IN CROP SECTOR So as to tap the existing potential both in crop sector and animal husbandry, there is a necessity to increase the allocation of funds to the ongoing schemes in different line departments, essentially because most of other central sector schemes in farm sector do not fully address block/ panchayat level needs and the available resources are thinly spread over large areas. However, there is a necessity to monitor and evaluate all the existing schemes/interventions and modify the annual plan for the agriculture sector accordingly. Such funds may be set apart for restructuring and assessment of new schemes on annual basis. As per existing farming situation in the State, there exists untapped potential both for increasing cropping intensity and productivity. With the programmes/ interventions proposed hereunder and support to existing schemes, it should be possible for the state to achieve the targets of the 6 percent annual growth rate in crop sector and 12 percent annual growth rate in livestock, dairy, poultry and fisheries sector. Various interventions/programmes proposed to be taken up in the district for this purpose are outlined as follows: A. AGRICULTURE 1. SOIL MANAGEMENT AND LAND USE PROJET Soil health is a serious problem in Lakhimpur Kheri, not only with respect to organic matter, which is low but also imbalance of major nutrients (NPK) and micronutrients effecting crop yield. The following programme is suggested to address this issue in project mode. 45

The soil of entire region is poor in organic carbon. On the other hand, a large portion of cow dung is being used for burning and not for Farm Yard Manure (FYM). Under this programme one component is proposed: i. Demonstrating nutrient management through Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) system (i) Demonstration of Integrated Nutrient Management System (INM) Balanced use of plant nutrients is essential for sustainable intensification of agriculture. The main goal of INM is to integrate the use of all natural and man made sources of plant nutrients, so as to increase crop productivity in an efficient manner. Eight demonstration trials of one forth hectare each will be organized in every block for which an amount of Rs. 5000 per demonstration is required. It is also proposed to provide assistance for application of micronutrients @ Rs 500 per ha in INM package to motivate farmers. A farmer will be given an assistance for a maximum of 2 ha area under pulses each season. The farmer once given assistance will not be entitled to get the assistance for the same land next year. Budget estimates for district are given in table. Table 5.1: Plan for Improving Soil Health (Rs. Lakh) S.N. Item 1. Integrated Nutrient Management Unit cost @ Rs. 5000 / demonstration Support to pulse production @ Rs 500 per ha, area under pulses 1000 ha Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 30.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 25.0 Total 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 55.0 46

(ii) Management of sulphur status in soils in intensive agriculture system In intensive agriculture with high yielding varieties, status of sulphur in the soil has depleted. Wheat and oilseed crops needs sufficient quantum of available sulphur during the crop life to give optimum production. Sulphur is essential element for growth, physiological functioning, production and resistance to environmental stress, and pests. Sulphur can be supplemented in the soil either with crude pulverized sulphur (micronised), incorporation of gypsum or Sulphur oxidizing bacteria slowly. Naturally occurring Sulphur oxidizing bacteria load in the soil is usually very low hence availability takes quite long period. Third source of sulphur supplementation is phosphogypsum available as byproduct in fertilizer industry. It is suggested that phosphogypsum, along with virulent sulphur oxidizing culture can be incorporated in the soil at the rate of 2.5 MT/ha, in the kharif season. This incorporation will normalize the ph to a reasonable extent and also make available required quantum of sulphur to current kharief crop as well as to rabi crops. Cost of treatment per hectare: 2.5 MT phosphogypsum per ha costing @ Rs.2200/MT/year = Rs.5500 per year Table 5.2: Plan for Budget Estimate Area proposed per district 1000 ha/year Total area Unit cost Total budget for 5 years for for 5 years Lakhimpur District (Rs. Lakh) with 50 % subsidy 5000 ha Rs. 5500/ha 137.50 47

(iii) Renovation and strengthening of soil and fertilizer testing laboratories and soil health card programme a) Strengthening of soil and fertilizer testing laboratories It is very important to maintain the soil health in terms of available macro and micronutrients in the soil. Therefore, every farmer must be aware about the soil fertility status of their farms viz, soil ph, organic carbon, electrical conductivity (EC), major and micronutrients in the soil. This is only possible if the soil testing laboratories established at district level are well equipped with latest soil testing equipments like Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Like this, the farmers of the district will be able to get quick and correct result of their soil samples. Therefore, upgrading and strengthening the soil testing lab, is one of the important aspects, under the Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan. The following budget provision is proposed to be made available at each laboratory located at district level. The purchase of Atomic absorption spectrophotometer for accurate estimation and increasing the soil testing numbers in short period are proposed. Along with that, repair of unmanageable labs and furnishing is also considered. The following budget provision is proposed to be made available at each laboratory located at district level. Table 5.3: Budget estimates for upgrading and strengthening of soil testing laboratories S. No. Item I st II nd III rd IV th V th Total (Lakh) 1 Purchase of Atomic absorption 25.90 - - - - 25.90 spectrophotometer (Macro & Micro nutrients) and allied equipments. 2 Furnishing, repairing and maintenance. 10.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.7 20.7 Total 35.9 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.7 46.60 48

(b) Soil testing and health card programme It is proposed to issue soil health cards to all the land holdings clubbed together in clusters. The details of the scheme are under: Project objectives To provide a scientific solution for soil and crop management to farmers and generation of farmers database with respect to various parameters and act for the development of the district/ state. Increase productivity by adoption of scientific management of soil fertility Reduce cost of production by adopting optimum use of fertilizer based on soil testing Quality crop production to obtain better prices Maintain Soil Health and check soil and water pollution Strengthening Agriculture Information System Soil testing data can be utilized for Center/ State Policy implementation Soil health card will cover following information Code No. Name of the Farmer Village Tehsil / Block District Plot No. Operation Holding Size Soil Fertility Status : ph, EC, OC Available major nutrients : N, P, K Available Micronutrients : Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, B,Mo, Mg 49

Mechanical Analysis Soil Texture : Sand, Silt, Clay Fertilizer Recommendations Crop Compost Chemical- Fertilizers Bio-Fertilizers Others Benefits to Farmers / State Govt / Central Govt Increase in crop production and productivity Reduction in cost of production Improvement in soil health Generation of data base for policy planning Sustainable development of environment Integrated soil health development Improvement in socio- economic status of people Increase per capita income 50

Table 5.4: Budget Estimates for Soil testing and health card programme S. No. Head Unit Cost (Rs.) Land Holders/ Clusters (No.) Year wise Cost (Rs Lakh) 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Total Cost (Rs. Lakh) 1 Soil Health Card : Plastic card, 10x5 cm Printing Lab Test Report writing Delivery Cost etc. 12 508513 12.204 12.204 12.204 12.204 12.204 61.02 2 Soil Sample Collection Soil sample packing, levelling, transportation, data sheet, booklet etc 4 508513 4.06 4.06 4.06 4.06 4.06 20.3 Soil Testing 3 One representative sample per farmer NPK, OC, ph,ec Micronutrient 5 sample/ block 5 100 508513 150 5.084 0.075 5.084 0.075 5.084 0.075 5.084 0.075 5.084 0.075 25.42 0.375 4 Hardware & Software system at District Level(Bar code, Hardware, Software integration, Traceability system installation, maintenance etc) _ 10.00 10.00 Man Power: 5 District Manager Block Incharge Data Entry Operator Software professionals 15000 8000 8000 25000 1.80 14.4 14.4 3.00 1.80 14.4 14.4 3.00 1.80 14.4 14.4 3.00 1.80 14.4 14.4 3.00 1.80 14.4 14.4 3.00 9.00 72.0 72.0 15.0 6 Trainer s Cost 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 5.00 7 Misc. Expenditure 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 3.435 14.435 Total 69.023 59.023 59.023 58.023 59.458 304.55 51

2. PROMOTION OF ORGANIC FARMING SYSTEM Farming has become a non-remunerative enterprise in general. However, it is still continuing as a way of life, in most of the rural areas. Such a situation has developed on account of following reasons, which needs to be taken care: Excessive use of chemical fertilizers; Development of high soil ph on account of heavy use of chemical fertilizers; Soil and water pollution; Deficiency of soil micro nutrients; Loss of soil micro flora and fauna; and Higher cost of production due to high input cost. Therefore, Organic Farming is one of the sustainable and viable alternatives to refine conventional farming system. It can improve soil health, utilize natural resources, farm waste, reduce air and water pollution and finally produce high quality end products, having longer shelf life. These days, demand for organic products is increasing both at national and international level and the requirement of traceability in food products has become mandatory in European market and developed countries. Therefore, this programme is proposed to be launched with 100% financial assistance, so that soil health is restored and maintained. Budget Estimates for this activity is proposed in Table. A Cluster of farmers will be registered for organic farming and the number of farmers in a cluster will depend upon size of their holdings. It is proposed to start organic farming systems covering an area of 500 ha in the district. The unit cost of establishing and training for organic farming system is also given in the table. In the second year of the project, the organic farming system will be established but training will start from first year. 52

Table 5.5: Proposed area is in addition to the area already under organic farming under NHM. Item Unit cost Total Cost Farmers Registration, On farm input management, Internal Control System (ICS), Online farm management, critical intervention, external inspection, certification Cluster of farms will be formed according to cropping patterns of the selected areas Rs. 7000 per ha/ year irrespective of number of crops grown. This will involve on-farm input management, internal control system & certification. Rs. 35 Lakh Deliverables /Outcomes from the project: Increase in yield of major crops by 5 to 7 % in a span of 2 to 3 years Reduction in the cost of production Complete recycling of Agri waste reduction in the carbon emission Improvement in animal health Improvement in soil organic carbon level Improvement in the soil micro-flora Normalization of ph Improvement in the availability of nutrient to the crops Ten to twenty percent water saving due to moisture conservation Reduction in the soil pollution, air, water pollution Safe food availability 53

3. EFFICIENT USE OF WATER RESOURCES AND MANAGEMENT Since the availability of water is a major constraint in the district, there is a need to promote water conservation and efficient on farm water management practices to improve the productivity per unit of water consumed. Under this programme, the following components are proposed: (i) Adoption and promotion of precision farming techniques through micro-irrigation Micro irrigation system enhances irrigation and water use efficiency. It also helps to increase the fertilizer use efficiency. Being one of the main components of precision farming, it can be of great help to small and marginal farmers. Use of these techniques involves an expenditure of Rs. 40,000 per ha. It is proposed to cover 1000 hectare area for various crops over a period of five years. In each year, 200 ha area will be covered. It is proposed to provide a subsidy of 50 % for installation of this system. Provision has been made for 40 Lakh per year for a period of five years covering an area of 200 Lakh (Table 5.7). It is proposed to cover this area in addition to area covered under National Horticulture Mission (NHM) or Central Sector Schemes under Precision Farming. The details of budget estimates with total cost would be Rs 200 crores as given in Table 5.7. (ii) Demonstration cum training of ridge and furrow system of paddy cultivation for increasing water use efficiency and ecofriendly cultivation Paddy is generally cultivated in puddled fields and is planted in standing water. Recently a new technique of transplanting paddy seedlings on both sides of ridges under non puddled conditions has been reported to give more yields with only 50 percent quantity of water use along with efficient utilization of added plant nutrients and better micro-climate which reduces the incidence of pests and diseases. This method also improves soil texture and soil health, with lesser pollution of ground water. The weeds problem under this technique can effectively be controlled with the use of new herbicide(s) 54

and with no residual effects on succeeding crops. In this method, bed planter is used for preparing ridges on well prepared field. Three to four weeks old seedlings of paddy are transplanted on both sides of ridges, keeping a distance of 15 centimeters between the seedlings, 10 centimeter above the bottom of the furrow. Thus 33 seedlings per square metre will be maintained as in case of conventional transplanting. It is proposed to conduct demonstrations of this technology to convince the farmers that water can be saved in paddy cultivation without compromising with the yield. Each block will be provided with a bed planter for conducting demonstrations and a total sum of Rs. 30,000 will be spent on each training. Financial Requirement: 1. Bed planter @ Rs 70,000 required one per block 2. Training cum demonstration: five trainings @ Rs. 30,000 per training each year. Table 5.6: Budget estimates for ridge and furrow system for paddy field Item Unit No. of Cost per year Total cost units 1 2 3 4 5 cost @ Rs No. 15 Bed Planter 70,000 per block 1 per block Cost 10.5 10.5 Training cum demonstration @ Rs 30,000 5 per block No. 75 75 75 75 75 112.5 Cost 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 Total 123.00 55

Table 5.7: Budget Estimate for Water Conservation and Water Use Efficiency (Rs. Lakh) Particulars Micro irrigation (Portable sprinkler system) [Add ional Area over NHM & other Central Sector Schemes] Training Cum Demonstrati on of New Technology of Water Saving in Paddy Unit Cost 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year (Rs Lakh) No. Amt No. Amt. No. Amt. No. Amt. No. Amt. Total Rs. 40,000 per ha with 50 % subsidy @ Rs 90,000 200 ha 40 200 ha 40 200 ha 40 200 ha 40 200 ha 40 200 33.0 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 123.00 Total 77.0 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.5 323 Deliverables outcomes Increase in cropping intensity by 15 percent, from 153 % to 175.5 %. Thereby increasing production area by 15 %. Reduction of area under Usar soil. Increase in productivity on account of availability of water at critical stage of requirement. Increase in area under high value crops and profitability of small and marginal farmers. Improvement in quality of produce. Improvement in profitability through sowing at proper time. 56

4. SEED AND PLANTING MATERIAL The seed is the most crucial input for improving production and productivity of crops. Better seed replacement ration coupled with proper seed treatment can improve the yield of crops per unit area. Similarly, availability of certified / quality planting material for horticulture crops can improve their productivity. The following interventions are proposed to be taken up under this programme: (i) Establishment of seed treatment and demonstrations units at gram panchayats level for early and high germination rate to increase crop yield The concept of seed treatment is broadly the use and application of biological and chemical agents that control or contain primary soil and seed borne infestations. The benefits of seed treatment are as follows : Increased germination Ensures uniform seedling emergence, Protect seeds or seedlings from early season diseases and insect pest improving crop emergence and its growth. Improved plant population and thus higher productivity. At present, 70% requirement of seed is met from the farmer s own stock, which goes for sowing without seed treatment. The demonstration and training on seed treatment will be provided at gram panchayat level, and each year 20 % gram panchayats in a district will be covered. The demonstrations will be conducted in one acre area and the farmers will be trained simultaneously on the techniques of seed treatment. The estimated cost is worked out in Table 5.8. 57

Table 5.8: Budget estimates of Seed Treatment cum Demonstrations at Gram Panchayat Level S. N. Items Cost 1 st Year 2 nd Year Cost (Rs. Lakh) 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total (Rs. Lakh) 1. Seeds One demonstration for each gram panchayat. 1/5 th gram panchayat will be covered each year. For 100 demonstration each of 0.4 ha 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 5.0 2 Fungicides @ Rs. 50 / Demo Do 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.25 3 4 Seed treating Drums one for each gram panchayat Operational Charges/ demonstration 1/5 th of the gram panchayat will cover each year. Rs. 1000 per drum Rs. 2000 / demonstration 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 5.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 10.0 Total 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 20.25 (ii) Production and supply of quality seeds and planting material for improvement of Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) The major field and horticultural crops of the district are wheat, potato, maize, pulses, rice and vegetables, where replacement of seed and planting material can boost the production and productivity. This programme is required to be taken in a project mode. Except for hybrids of maize, rice and vegetable crops, the certified seed/ foundation seed (Stage-2) can be produced by the farmers at their fields. It is proposed that the farmer may get his crop inspected, so that instead of certified seed, he is able to produce foundation seed (stage-2). So as to meet the desired seed replacement requirement, the government may provide foundation seed to one fifth of the farmer every year. The seed 58

produced by these farmers will be supplied to the next lot of farmers in subsequent years. To support nutritional kitchen garden as well as production of high value crops by small and marginal farmers, special emphasis is required to be given to provide high quality vegetable seeds to the farmers. Details of estimated budget outlay are proposed in Table. Table 5.9: Estimated cost of Programme on Making Available Quality Crop Seed and Planting Material Total Seed Required each year (q) Foundati on seed required to produce the certified seed (q) Wheat* 204000 226.6 Paddy* 48000 960 Pulses* 21600 24 Vegetables (open pollinated varieties) pea, beans, radish, turnip, okra, cucurbits & onion. Vegetables (small seeded hybrids) tomato, capsicum, chillies, cole crops. 2000 100 0.50 Seed replacem ent every year Fifty % Subsidy to the farmers on foundation seed @ Rs 1000/q [Rs 500 (NFSM) + Rs 500 (RKVY)] @ Rs 1000/q [Rs 500 (NFSM) + Rs 500 (RKVY)] @ Rs 1000/q (100 % convergence with NFSM) @ Rs. 500 / kg (OP varieties) @ Rs. 5000 per kg 1 st Year Total Cost (Rs. Lakh) 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 11.3 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 48 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 1.2 10 10 10 10 10 50 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 12.5 Total 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 123 *In Lakhimpur Kheri NFSM is operating for paddy, wheat and pulses. 59

Note: The convergence of RKVY with NFSM programme of DAC to the extent of 50% each in Paddy and wheat and 100 % in pulses is proposed for the purpose of assistance in foundation seed supply to farmers to produce certified seed. Pulses and open pollinated vegetable seeds will be produced on farmer s fields by the State Seed Corporation under the supervision of the seed testing authority. To the extent possible seed would be purchased from private seed company (holding them fully responsible for outcome) and distributed to the farmers on subsidized rates. Main Outcomes Crop Productivity is likely to increase by 10-15% Certified / quality seed and planting material will become available to the small and marginal farmers particularly of high value crops to boost their profitability. Seed borne diseases and insects can be controlled at a minimum investment of seed treatment and it is expected that all categories of farmers will be benefited and their income is expected to be raised by 10-30 %. High quality planting material will result in better quality of produce, thus higher returns to the farmers. (iii) Programme on promotion of cultivation of summer/winter pulses for improving productivity India in general needs to increase the availability of Pulses, as important source of nutrients contributor, increase in cropping intensity and profitability; Pulse crop additionally contribute fixation of Nitrogen and improves soil health; It is proposed to address enhancement of area and yield for Pulses under NFSM norms. However, two different bases will to be adopted in 60

the efforts : a) In existing Pulses pockets, farmers should be given target of putting 50% additional area under pulses. Farmers should be provided incentive as per NFSM norms; b) In the pockets or farmers where Pulses are not taken incentive to pursue to opt for Pulses cultivation. Incentives S. No. Unit Amount 1 INM subsidy/ha 50% upto Max. Rs.1250/Ha 2 IPM 50% or upto Max. Rs. 750/Ha 3 Distribution of Portable sprinkler 50% or upto Max. Rs. 7500/Ha District Target: 5000 ha.of new pulse area either in existing farmer s field or at new farmers/ new pocket area Table 5.10: Budget estimates for Promotion of Cultivation of summer/ Winter Pulses S. No. Particulars Years/Area 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 5000Ha 1 INM/@1250/Ha 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 62.50 2 IPM/@Rs.750/Ha 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.50 37.50 3 Sprinkler Set@ Rs.7500 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 375.00 Total 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 475.0 Those farmers who are already availing the benefit under NFSM scheme will not be entitled for additional incentives 5. TECHNOLOGY DISSEMINATION The extension services in the State is deficit in staff as well as the present status of extension input is not based on information and 61

communication technology. Therefore, it is required that for reaching out every farm unit a new programme i.e. based on information and communication technology should be adopted. The outline of the programme is as under: (i) Customized farmer trainings and application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) In order to provide training to the farmers, which are need based and location specific and linked to marketing, it is proposed to set up integrated farmer training centres at block level. These centres will be used for organizing the trainings in crop production, efficient use of agriculture machinery, efficient use of pesticides, dairy, animal health and allied agriculture activities. For organizing the trainings for farmers of each block, it will cost Rs. 7.5 Lakh per block per annum, and Rs.286.5 Lakh for five years. This will take care of extension functionaries for all blocks in the district. Table 5.11: Budget Estimates for farmers training at block level Cost Component Unit Cost per block (Rs. Lakh) Cost per district (Rs. Lakh) 1 st Year Annual Cost (Rs. Lakh) 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total (Rs. Lakh) Man power cost Block Level Officer 1.20 18 18 18 18 18 18 90 District Level Officer-2 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 9.0 T.A. & D.A. 1.00 15 15 15 15 15 15 75 Equipments Weather recorder 0.50 7.5 7.5 7.5 Computer with accessories 2 1.00 15 15 - - - - 15 Video phone, GPS, etc 1.00 15 15 - - - - 15 Operational charges and replacements 1.00 15 15 15 15 15 15 75 Total 7.50 287.3 87.3 49.8 49.8 49.8 49.8 286.5 62

(ii) Establishment of Integrated Farmers Training Center $ district level (IFTC) at Agri-technologies are being upgraded all over the world constantly to optimize the production in the changing climatic conditions. Significant improvements have been taken place with respect to varieties; seed technology, fertilizer use, better water management practices and efficient management of pest and diseases, but these have not yet reached the farmers. Therefore, there is a need to start up integrated farm training centres where the farmers can be trained and demonstrated about latest technologies in all aspects of farming including dairy, animal breeding, poultry, fisheries and other ventures such as bee keeping, mushroom production, post harvest handling and marketing. This way transfer of technologies from lab to land can be executed at nominal cost. Training Units Crop husbandry Precision farming Components Natural resource management training Seed and planting material unit Crop protection unit Farm management and marketing unit Organic farming unit Post harvest management unit Animal husbandry, Fisheries and poultry Dairy unit Cattle and livestock improvement unit Veterinary unit Fisheries unit Poultry unit Entrepreneurial ventures Bee keeping Mushroom production Home scale food preservation Sericulture 63

Infrastructure Following minimum Infrastructure would be required at each training centre Hostel for training participants: 30 rooms with the facility to stay 4 persons per room. Halls for training: 4 numbers. Demonstration units: 50 numbers. Fifty staff quarters. Table 5.12: Budget Estimates for Integrated Farm Training Centre (IFTC) Items (Rs. Lakh) Year Year Year Year Year Total 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Capital requirements 500 100* 100 * 100 * 800 Management & operational cost 100 110 120 130 150 610 Total 600 210 220 230 150 1410 * Maintenance and up gradation cost of the training units The Integrated Farm Training Centre will be setup in the existing Agriculture Deptt., Farm Trainees will be provided with subsidized lodging and boarding during their training period which is included in the proposed management budget. (iii) Establishment of agri- knowledge and market information center at block level With the advancement in the field of information and technology, its application in nearly all social and economical fields the rural population which is basically farming oriented is still not able to take benefits as compared to the urban and other economic sectors. Therefore, it is proposed to establish agriculture knowledge and market information centre across the State in all the blocks. The estimated requirement of funds for Lakhimpur Kheri having 15 64

blocks will be Rs 613.00 Lakh as per details indicated below : Table 5.13: Establishment of Agri Knowledge and Market Information Centre at Block Level Cost Component Cost per District Cost (Rs. Lacs) Total block (Rs. 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th (Rs. Lacs) Year Year Year Year Year Lacs) Man power 2 2.40 36 36 36 36 36 180 Equipment Kiosk (Touch screen) Operational charges and contingency 7 105 7 7 7 7 133.0 2.0 30 30 30 30 30 150 Training demonstrations and 2.0 30 30 30 30 30 150 Total 13.4 201 103 103 103 103 613 (iv) Knowledge dissemination at field level by Subject Matter Specialist (SMS) Presently, farmers receive technical knowledge through oral publicity, which may not have scientific back up. The information which reaches to the farmers through such channel is not reliable and correct. Therefore, latest technologies at farm level and as per farmer s need can be disseminated through subject matter specialist by periodical guidance, field visit, capacity building and other such tools. It is therefore, proposed to create a network of subject matter specialists in the districts, to achieve quick dissemination of agriculture technologies at the field level. One subject matter specialist will take care of two Nyaya Panchayats. The total estimated budget for this programme would be as under: 65

Cost Per SMS Salary: Rs. 5000 per month TA and Mobile phone expenses- Rs 3500 Table 5.14: Budget estimates for Farmer Field Level Knowledge Dissemination Centre No. of SMS (one for two Nyaya panchayat) Financials for One year (Lakh) Financials for Five Years (Lakh) 81 82.62 413.10 (v) Publication and mass campaign for resources development of agri and allied sector using ICT The publication training and mass campaign system has a vital role in the overall development of agriculture and allied sector. However, present agriculture extension system is not designed to meet out the integrated requirement of the farmers. According to the multidimensional needs of the farmers, the publication awareness and mass campaign with the full support by training will provide extra and latest information to the farmers in their respective fields as and when required. Therefore, to make timely available and proper use, printing materials and electronic media related to every modern technology can be passed on very quickly up to the grassroot level (learning by doing and seeing by doing ) and to cover every village of the entire district and state. Financial Under the above mentioned project a provision has been made of Rs 2 crores for 5 years i.e. 40 Lakh per annum. (vi) Training cum demonstration of integrated pest management in major crops to decrease the pesticide load in food chain Insects, pests and diseases controlled by chemical insecticides & fungicides affect very badly soil health, environment and quality of food 66

products. The following bad effects and disadvantages need to be looked into: Constant increase in the cost of pest control due to increase in the cost of pesticides. Resistance developed in pest & diseases requires repeated application and involves higher cost. Minor pests are becoming a major problem in certain situations. Heavy residue problems in vegetables & other food products such as food grains, oil seeds, fruits, particularly mango, banana, bittergourd, tomato, brinjal, okra, cabbage, cauliflower. Parasites & predators have been killed Soil, water, air, human and animal milk having high pesticide residues. In order to protect the soil, sub-soil water, air, human beings and animals from this tragic situation, it is essential that Integrated Pest Management programme should be introduced at a massive scale, particularly in cash crops. Introduction of Integrated Pest Management will include following steps : Farmers training Concept of IPM utility over chemical approach Cultural method Mechanical method Biological method & Physical Method Agronomical practices Time of sowing to reduce the incidence of Pests & diseases Mixed Cropping Border catch crop Mixed catch crop Usefulness of Bio-pesticides Useful tool of Bio-pesticides like Beauria Basiana, Verticilium, Metarhizum, Trichoderma, Pseudomonas etc. Use of botanicals, like Neem and its various parts, karanj etc. Liquid herbal base insecticides like fermented cow dung + Cow urine + 67

Leaves of Neem, Ipomea, etc. Use of other tools like sex pheromones, light traps, trench method etc. It is proposed to go for training cum demonstration of IPM technology on the farmer fields with following financial norms. Four training cum demonstrations per block are suggested in one year which will cost Rs. 20,000 per training and Rs. 5,000 for inputs. For demonstration minimum size of area should be half of an acre. Table 5.15: Training Cum Demonstration of Integrated Pest Management Item Unit cost Cost per year Total 1 st year 2 nd year 3 rd year 4 th year 5 th year cost Training & Demonstration Rs 20,000/- No. 60 60 60 60 60 Cost 12 12 12 12 12 60.00 IPM inputs Rs 5,000/ kg No. 60 60 60 60 60 Cost 3 3 3 3 3 15 Total 75 (vii) Training and demonstrations of weed management in major crop to reduce the yield loss The association of weeds with the crops is well known because these compete with the crops for light, space, nutrients, moisture etc. This competition of weeds reduces the crop yield from 15 to 25 percent depending upon the type of weed flora, its intensity and duration of competition. The introduction of dwarf geno-types with the high inputs uses like fertilizers and irrigation requirements has further aggravated the weeds problems. The project will arrange training and demonstrations on chemical weed control in major crops of the district. 68

Table 5.16: Budget Estimate for weed management in major crops (Rs. In Lakh) Item Unit No. of Cost per year Total cost units 1 2 3 4 5 cost Demonstrations 0.20 2 per block No. 30 30 30 30 30 30.00 Cost 6 6 6 6 6 Training 0.20 2 per block No. 30 30 30 30 30 30.00 Cost 6 6 6 6 6 Total 0.40 60.00 (viii) Farmers training for seed production at krishi vigyan kendra KVK / KGK are very important Institutions in the district, which provides latest production technology to the farmers in different ways. It is necessary that KVK / KGK must be up to date to provide latest information and training to the farmers. Therefore, farmers may get proper guidance about latest techniques at their door step. Therefore, strengthening of existing KVK / KGK located in the State to bring changes in crop productivity in agriculture sector. The following budget provision has been proposed for strengthening the KVK/KGK in the district under Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan. Table 5.17: Budget Estimate Strengthening of Krishi Vigyan Kendra/ Krishi Gyan Kendra (Rs. in Lakh) S.No. Items Year 1 Strengthening of lodging and boarding facilities for farmers 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Total 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 75.0 Upgradation of audio visual facilities & Generator/Inverter 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 5.0 69

Organization of trainings 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 20.0 Total 100.0 Training centre would be looked after by Deptt of Agricultural, wherever it can be accommodated at Agriculture farm or may be established at KVK/KGK along with demonstration farm. (ix) Farmer s study tour within and outside the state for exposure and motivation towards commercialized agriculture In order to induce a competitive feeling in the minds of farmers of less developed areas, it is essential to expose them to well developed pockets of U.P. at first stage. These visits will build up confidence of farmers in adopting new technologies after viewing the practical field situation. Personal interaction and listening to success stories will bring changes in the mind set and to adopt changes in their own package of practices. In each district the progressive farmers would be included in the proposed study tour. Various agriculture and allied sectors visit like Fish culture visit from west to east U.P, higher production of potato from all over up to Kannauj / Sitapur / Agra, better mechanization of farms in west U.P from all over U.P will be planned under this activity. Similarly, out side State visit to Maharashtra & Valsad (Gujarat) to see the oranges, mango cultivation, Nasik for grapes, onion, Satara for ginger cultivation, Dairy - Haryana/ Punjab/ Gujarat would be arranged to benefit the farmers. Budget Estimates Budget for study tour in U.P 100 farmers/ block every year i.e., 500 farmers/ Block in 5 years Cost of each visit Rs. 200/ farmer including (Two days) 70

Transportation & Lodging/ Boarding Total Budget requirement /Block - Rs. 5 Lakh / Block/ 5 Yrs Total cost for the district with 15 blocks: Rs. 75 Lakh for 5 years Out of State Study Tour 50 per block @ Rs. 50,000 per visit inclusive of transport, lodging & boarding expenses Total - Rs 2.50Lakhs/ Block/ Yr Total Budget: Rs. 7.5 Lakh/ Block/ 5Yrs Grand Total cost for the district (15 blocks): Rs. 112.5 Rs for 5 years Deliverables of the project: A major constraint in increasing the production and productivity is poor transfer of technology to the farmers as well as lack of on farm trials. The present programme on technology dissemination ensures that latest technology reaches the each and every farm unit in the district / state. This Herculean task shall be possible through application of information and communication technology. It is expected that farmers profitability will at least be enhanced by 25%, simply by adopting latest techniques and technologies in crop sector The global vision of farmers regarding modern agriculture shall be developed. The farmers shall access market information, costly farm machinery and latest know how. The demonstrations on farmers fields shall not only result in higher production directly, but shall also trigger a chain reaction in adopting new technologies by others. The heavy investment in research and education shall be translated into real production. 6. FARM MECHANIZATION Farm mechanization plays a very vital role in timely and precision performers of different farm operations. In areas of intensive agriculture i.e. 71

where two or more than two crops are taken in a year a use of machinery can greatly enhance the productivity by timely performers of various agricultural operations and thereby improving the input use efficiency. However, this is the most capital intensive agricultural input. The various interventions proposed are as follows: (i) Establishment of farm mechanization centers at panchayat level to minimize the energy loss of human resources Interaction with village panchayats in the district revealed that there was need to make available farm machinery to small and marginal farmers. However, they cannot afford to purchase costly farm machinery as it will not be economical for their small holdings. Further lack of farm machinery at small farms brings drudgery on farm women. So the village level cooperative societies or farmers clubs, or entrepreneur should be encouraged to purchase the machinery which may be subsidized @ 50% of the cost and this should be made available to the farmers on custom hiring basis. S. No. Machinery @ cost (Rs Lakh) 1 Bed Planter 0.50 2 Zero seed Drill 0.30 3 Seed cum fertilizer drill 0.30 4 Rotavator 0.65 5 Ridger 0.25 6 Tractor 4.5 Total 6.5 There are 161 Nyaya Panchayats in district Lakhimpur Kheri, it is proposed to provide one set of equipment to each Nyaya Panchayat, which will cost about Rs. 6.5 Lakh per set. By giving 100 % subsidy Rs. 1046.00 Lakh will be required in five years. 72

Table 5.18: Estimate for establishment of agro-service centre at nyaya panchayats S. No. Item Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total (Rs. Lakh) 1 Set of Farm Machinery 227.5 227.5 227.5 227.5 136.0 1046.00 Total 1046.00 Deliverables of the project Will help in mechanization of small and marginal farms at marginal rent. Reduce drudgery on women. Will make crop sowing at optimum soil moisture. Increase efficiency and thus profitability of farm sector. B. HORTICULTURE 1. PROGRAMME FOR SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERS AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT Promotion of protected cultivation of vegetable crops under low tunnels for early production of vegetables Majority of farmers in the district Lakhimpur Kheri are small & marginal, their holdings are uneconomical, if provided with capital support and know how, they can compliment production of cucurbits out of main season in protected structure like low tunnels. The cost of material for structure of low tunnel including plastic for one ha is Rs. 50,000. Small and marginal farmers have very small holding and it is expected that not more than 500 sq mt area will be put under plastic tunnel at one time. Accordingly, the government should support 50 % cost of 500 sq mt per farm unit i.e. Rs. 1250. Every year 73

1000 farm units will be covered and by the end of 5 years 5000 farm units will be covered. Objectives To start early crop of vegetables when the season is still cool. To help off season production of vegetables for higher profits. This technology will improve the productivity and increase cash flow to the farm women. Insect, pest and disease management can be done more effectively. Vegetable being high value crops, a better protection from weather conditions ensures crop safety and safeguards against crop failures. Higher vegetable production leads to better nutritional security. Use of low tunnels for raising nurseries of winter vegetables under protection ensures production of quality planting materials and safeguard of expensive hybrid seed. Table 5.19: Budget estimates for protected cultivation of high value crops (low tunnels) (Rs. Lakh) Items Unit Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total Farm units to be covered each year (No.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 5000 Cost to be borne by the government per farm unit Rs. 1250 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 62.50 Total 62.50 Demonstration and Supply of Healthy Nursery Raising in Vegetable Crops Vegetable crops including onion, cole crops, capsicum, chillies, tomato 74

and brinjal are raised through nursery. All these crops are high value and highly productive. They suit to small and marginal farmers and especially it is the women who take care of vegetable production. Healthy nursery of these vegetables ensures the success of vegetables production venture. It is therefore purposed to train the farmers on the practices of raising healthy nursery. Objectives To raise healthy nursery of the high value crops through high quality seed to ensure crop success. To provide quality planting material of costly seeds i.e. hybrids. To boost the income of small and marginal farmers. To increase cash flow to farm women through raising quality nursery of vegetables crop for own use and for sale to other farmers. Technology Small beds of 3 m X 1 m are made, these are raised by 10 cm. Well rotten FYM or vermicompost is added to each bed. The beds are drenched with formalin solution (1 part formalin: 7 part water). After doing so the beds are covered with polythene sheets and left as such for one week, so that, formalin fumes penetrate into the soil and it is sterilized properly. The covering with polythene also provides solar sterilization of soil. After one week the polythene is removed and the soil is raked a number of times for at least one week, so that, formalin fumes are completely driven out. As a check, a handful of soil is taken out from the bed and smelled to feel if there are any fumes of formalin smell left in the soil. Just in case, if the soil still smells of formalin it should be left for another two - three days. Normally, it takes 2-3 weeks time to prepare the nursery bed and sterilized them for sowing of seeds. Therefore, bed preparation programme should be started at least three weeks in advance of actually planting the seeds in nursery beds. Since the vegetables seeds particularly hybrids are very costly healthy nursery is very important. Further, it should be borne in mind that the seeds are sown in line and it should not be congested. The cost of raising ten nursery beds each of 75

1m x 3m is given here under; Cost of inputs i.e. hybrid / OP seeds, formalin, FYM, vermicompost, fertilizers, polythene sheets, polytunnels Rs. 5000. Fifty man days for preparation of beds and nursery raising for one month.. Rs. 5000. Total : Rs. 10,000 It is proposed to carry out 10 demonstrations per block per year i.e. 5 in the summer vegetables and 5 for winter vegetables. Table 5.20: Budget estimates of Training and Demonstration of Healthy Nursery Raising Item Unit cost No. of units Cost per year 1 2 3 4 5 Total cost Demonstrations @ Rs 10,000 (including seed cost) 10 Demonstrations per block No. of demonstration 150 150 150 150 150 Total Cost 15 15 15 15 15 75.00 Deliverables It will boost vegetable production particularly of tomato, capsicum, chilies, brinjal, cauliflower, cabbage, knol khol, and onion. Lower the cost of production due to less disease attack. Help to produce safe vegetables free of pesticides. Increase farmer profitability. Encourage women to produce and sell vegetable nursery of high quality. Development of nutritional kitchen garden for balanced nutrition at village level and involvement of women in horticulture Rural people particularly women and children suffer from lack of 76

vitamins and minerals. Nutrition garden can play an important role to solve this problem, besides this, nutritional garden also help economy. On an average eight member family will require 2.4 kg vegetables and 800 g fruits per day. This production can be obtained from 500 sq mt area. Twenty villages from each block of the district will be selected and one kitchen garden will be laid out in each village each year. They will be provided with input and training to raise the kitchen garden. Besides, the seed mini kits of summer and winters vegetables, three fruit trees (Amrapali, guvava, banana, citrus/papaya) will be distributed to each unit. Budget estimates are given in Table. Table 5.21: Budget Estimates for Kitchen Garden in Lakhimpur (Rs Lakh) Item Demonstration of Nutritional Kitchen Garden Distribution Seed Kits Fruit (including carriage planting) of plants and Year Year Year Year Year Total 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th No. 300 300 300 300 300 1500 Cost @ Rs. 5000 including inputs 15 15 15 15 15 75 No. 1000 2000 3000 3000 3000 12,000 Cost @ Rs. 50 for summer Rs. 50 for winter 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 12.0 No. 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 15,000 Cost @ Rs. 30 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 4.50 Total Cost 16.90 17.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 91.50 77

Table 5.22: Budget Estimate for Small and Marginal Farmers (Rs Lakh) Item Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Total Protected cultivation of High value crops (low tunnel) 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 62.5 Nutritional Gardens 16.90 17.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 91.5 Total 29.4 30.4 31.4 31.4 31.4 154.00 Deliverables of the project Farm sector in Lakhimpur Kheri is based on small peasantry with 85% holdings being small and marginal. The only way to make these holdings economically viable is through capital support to cottage scale ventures, such as vegetable growing etc It is expected that by adopting above two ventures farm income shall be supplemented to the tune of 30%, if adopted properly. Increase in self employment Increase of cash flow to farm women Increase in entrepreneurs in agriculture Exposure to marketing competition Nutritional kitchen garden shall help provide nutritional food security particularly to women and children 2. ENTREPRENEUR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES (i) Commercial vegetable production at block level A total area of 100 ha. in each block would be selected per year for commercial vegetable production. Quality hybrid vegetable seeds, fertilizer and pesticides will be provided @ 50% subsidy. Accordingly, the government should provide financial support for Quality hybrid vegetable seeds, fertilizer and pesticides are provides @ 50 % subsidy, which cost around Rs 10,000 per ha. Total cost of the project : 10.00 Lakh 78

(ii) Incentive for backyard mushroom unit Uttar Pradesh being an agricultural state, over 65% of the population lives in villages and depends upon agriculture. The land holdings are small. The farmers are generally small and marginal. Most of the farmers are not getting good returns from agriculture and want to adopt other agriculture related activities to enhance their income. Hence adoption of Dairy farming, sericulture, fishery, floriculture, mushroom and bee-keeping avocations are the need of the hour. Mushroom cultivation requires no land and can be grown in the houses / small huts. This crop is of short duration and does not pose marketing problem. Mushrooms have been valued throughout the world both as food and medicine. They are a rich source of nutrition and form a major chunk of health foods. Fat content in mushrooms is low compared to other foods. The fatty fraction consists predominantly of unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid. They are the perfect food for maintaining a healthy heart and cardiovascular system. The two most commonly grown species of mushroom in India are White button mushroom and Oyster mushroom. Cultivation of common white button mushroom can be done in temperatures varying from 15 0-25 0 C. The other mushroom Pleurotus commonly known as Dhingri can be cultivated within a range of 20 0 C to 30 0 C. temperatures. Materials Required Material required for Pleurotus : Wheat/Paddy Straw, plastic sheet, drum, polythene bags, spawn, sprayer, gunny bags, chemicals etc. Material required for button mushroom: Wheat/Paddy Straw, Chicken manure, urea, gypsum, farm yard manure, sheet, polythene bags, spawn, sprayer, gunny bags etc. Benefits of mushroom production The problem of the unemployment for rural youth and others could be considerably reduced by involving the unemployed youth in mushroom cultivation. 79

The mushroom can be successfully grown in small houses and requires no separate land. Mushroom cultivation does not require full time labour and family members can look after different operations easily Domestic market is readily available for sale of mushroom; hence no risk is involved. The agricultural waste material like wheat/paddy straw etc can be utilized for the cultivation. The spawn mushroom substrate can be used as organic manure in the field for all the crops. Economics White button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) a) Infrastructure/equipment/materials Cost of thatched shed having two rooms of 15 x15 with 6 bamboo racks is Rs.35000. b) Operational Costs (for one season) Cost of compost (including raw material) : Rs. 10,000.00 Cost of polythene bags for cultivation : Rs. 500.00 Cost of Spawn : Rs.600.00 Water, electricity etc. : Rs. 500.00 Miscellaneous (Labour charges, chemicals etc.) : Rs. 2500.00 Cost of casing material : Rs. 1000.00 Total : Rs. 15,100.00 One room with 6 racks has capacity of 3000 kg compost: Total yield from one room : 450 kg Total yield from both the rooms : 900 Kg Cost of mushroom/ kg : Rs. 60 Sale price of 900 kg mushroom : Rs.54,000 Net Benefit 54,000-15,100 = Rs. 38,900 (say Rs.40,000) 80

In plains two crops of button mushroom can be grown from September to March. Since the operational expense is Rs 15,000 and with 50 % subsidy a sum of Rs. 7,500 is proposed to be given to each unit. It is proposed to cover 15 farmers per block. Table 5.23: Budget Estimates for Incentive for Backyard Mushroom Unit Item Year Year Year Year Year Rs. 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th (Lakh) No. 225 225 225 225 225 1125 Mushroom Hut Cost @ Rs. Rs. 35000, 25% subsidy 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 98.00 Running Cost (Raw Material) Cost @ Rs. 15000, 50% subsidy 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 84.00 Total 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.4 182.00 (ii) Promotion of Bee Keeping There is a need for installation of Comb foundation mill for sheet production and for this an amount of Rs. 45 Lakh and operational charges at Rs. 5 Lakh per year will be made available. The basic sheet of comb production will be made by cooperative societies. Table 5.24: Budget Estimate for Small and marginal Farmers (Rs Lakh) Item Year Year Year Year Year Total 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Bee Keeping 50 5 5 5 5 70 Total 50 5 5 5 5 70 81

3. COMMERCIAL FRUITS (i) Financial assistance for high density planting in mango & guava: Although India is the largest producer of Mango and Guava, however yields are very poor varying from 6.2 tons/ha in mango and 11.0 ton/ha in guava. The main reasons for low yields are wide spacing, low penetration of improved varieties and poor management practices. Even countries like Brazil, Mexico and Egypt harvest yields up to 9.2 tons/ha to 16.0 tons/ha in mango. It is a common practice to plant mango at a spacing of 10m 10 m and guava at a spacing of 8m 8m between rows and between plants within rows. With the wider spacing it takes 7-10 years to fill the space between plants. Thus there is tremendous scope for increasing orchard productivity by increasing planting density. Along with high planting density, early height control and canopy management are essential to control vegetative growth and to achieve desired results. Research work on high planting density in mango at GB Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pant nagar and on Guava at Central Institute of Subtropical Horticulture at Lucknow has given very encouraging results. Even in countries like Israel and South Africa, tree size control by topping, hedging combined with high density planting are commonly adopted. Mango : Planting density of 2.5 m 2.5 m, 2.5m 5.0m and 5.0m 5.0m were investigated at GBPAUT, Pantnagar in both Dashehari and Amrapali varieties. Yields up to 20 tonnes in Amrapali and 25 tonnes per hectare in Dashehari were obtained with highest planting density. For commercial application planting densities of 5.0m 3.0 m for Amrapali and 5.0m 5.0m for Dashehari can be easily adopted. Such planting densities can easily result in the yield of 18-20 tons/ha in fully grown orchards. Guava : For Guava, researches conducted at Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture at Lucknow have found that a spacing of 6.0m 3.0m has been found most favourable. In this case also, yields of the order of 15-16 tons/ha can be easily obtained in Allahabad Safeda variety. 82

High density planting S.No Crop Spacing Planting Density/ha 1 MANGO Amrapali 5.0m 3.0 m 666 Dashehari 5.0m 5.0m 400 2 GUAVA Allahabad Safeda 6.0m 3.0m 555 Assistance norms under NHM High density planting is also being advocated under NHM with an estimated cost of Rs. 75,000 and assistance is proposed 75% of the cost i.e. Rs. 56250. Financial Assistance under RKVY Financial assistance for cultivation of high density planting under RKVY will be given as per NHM norms which are given above. Additional programme, other than proposed under NHM can be taken up depending upon the requirement of the district. Table 5.25: Budget estimates for high density planting in mango fruit crops Item Unit cost Area covered 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Rs. (Lakh) Cultivation of Mango Cost @ Rs. Rs. 75000, 75% subsidy 95 ha; 19 ha/year 10.69 10.69 10.69 10.69 10.69 53.45 Cultivation of Guava Cost @ Rs. Rs. 75000, 75% subsidy 95 ha; 19 ha/year 10.69 10.69 10.69 10.69 10.69 53.45 Total 21.38 21.38 21.38 21.38 21.38 106.90 83

Districts having scanty rainfall and less fertile soil with gravels and affected with certain degree of salinity can cultivate arid fruit crops. In such situations cultivation of grain crops does not provide enough returns to the farmers. Therefore, to augment the income of the farmers, cultivation of arid fruit crops can give appropriate returns to the growers. C. PROMOTION OF SERICULTURE The State Sericulture Deptt. is providing extension support services and training to the farmers. There is a need to develop demonstration farms in the district and formulate schemes according to achievable targets at the field level. The extension support also needs to be strengthened in the district. The district has potential for development of Sericulture. Table 5.26: Support for Sericulture in Lakhimpur kheri Mulberry Cultivation Activity Unit Unit cost (Rs. Lakh) Govt. Subsidy @ 50% per unit Hectare Ist Year 2 nd Year Physical Units 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total 1.0 50 40 30 20 10 150 25.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 5.00 75.00 Total financial Support from Government 75.00 D. POST HARVEST AND AGRICULTURE MARKETING i. DEVELOPMENT OF FACILITIES FOR MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE For value addition to the agriculture produce as well as to reduce the post harvest losses there is a need to improve the marketing infrastructure both for the field and horticultural crops. This will not only help in improving the income of the farmers but will also help in improving the shelf life of horticultural produce. 84

(i) Improvement and creating of new market facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce In order to provide Marketing facilities, there is a need to offer proper marketing infrastructure so that farmers can market their produce at optimum rates. Further to save the farmer from clutches of local dealers, compelling him for distress sale, it is proposed to provide proper market infrastructure, so that he may sell his produce in a distant market at appropriate prices. Each Market Centre should have an area of 1-2 acres with following facilities. 1. Raised platform (Puckka) - 2 Nos. 2. Sheds over puckka platform- 2 Nos. 3. Office for Market Centre In charge 4. Parking place for Tractor trolleys 5. Shed with animal feeding structure & drinking provision Budget 1. Two puckka platform with shed cost- Rs 10 lakh 2. One parking & animal rest cum feed structure- Rs 5 lakh 3. Office/ Boundary wall and farmers sitting shed- Rs 5 lakh 4. Farmers resting shed- Rs 5 lakh A total budget of Rs 25 lakh shall be needed for establishing one market for sale of Agri produce. Land and financials may be provided by Mandi Board. Deliverables Improvement in Market infrastructure will facilitate following 1. Increase in the procurement of Agri produce 2. Reduce the exploitation of farmers 3. Reduce losses in the unorganized storage facility of farmers 4. Better price realization to the farmers 85

(ii) Value addition to horticultural produce through establishment of grading and packaging houses Improper post harvest handling and storage of horticultural produce results in 40% loss in India. Besides causing heavy losses to the farmers, the quality of the produce is also impaired and the shelf-life is decreased. To minimize post harvest losses and increase farmer profitability, it is proposed that two grading and packing houses shall be provided in the district, with following budget provision. Table 5.27: Estimates for providing grading and pack houses for horticultural produce S. No. Item Unit Cost (in Lakh) Total (Rs Lakh) 1 Cooling and washing sheds @ Rs 10.0 each 20 2 Grading Machines with conveyer belts @ Rs 20 each 3 Pack house @ Rs 10 each 20 4 Operational charges @ Rs 2 per year per unit 40 20 Total 100 86

CHAPTER - 6 SUMMARY OF CROP SECTOR S. No. Name of Programme A. AGRICULTURE Budget estimated (in Lakh) 1 Soil Management and Land Use Project i. Establishment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) System 55.00 ii. Management of Sulphur status in soils in intensive agriculture system to maintain sulphur availability of plants 137.50 iii. Establishment, Renovation and Strengthening of Soil and Fertilizer Testing Laboratories and Soil Health Card Programme a) Soil testing & fertilizer testing laboratories b) Soil Health Card Programme 46.60 304.55 2 Adoption of organic farming 35.00 3 Efficient Use of Water Resources and Management i. Adoption and promotion of precision farming techniques through micro irrigation. 200.00 ii. Demonstration cum Training of Ridge and Furrow System of Paddy Cultivation for Increasing Water Use Efficiency and Eco-friendly Cultivation 123.00 4 Seed and Planting Material i. Establishment of Seed Treatment and Demonstrations Units at Gram Panchayats Level for early and high germination rate to increase crop yield 20.25 87

ii. Production and Supply of Quality Seeds and Planting Material for Improvement of Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) iii. Programme on promotion of cultivation of summer/winter pulses for improving productivity 5 Technology Dissemination 123.00 475.00 i. Customized Farmer Trainings and Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT 286.50 ii. Establishment of Integrated Farmers Training Center (IFTC) at District Level 1410.00 iii. Establishment of Agri Knowledge and Market Information Centres 613.00 iv. Knowledge Dissemination at Field Level by Subject Matter Specialist (SMS) 413.10 v. Publication and mass campaign for resource development of agri and allied sector using ICT. 200.00 vi. Training and Demonstrations of integrated pest management in major crop to decrease the pesticide load in food chain vii. Training and Demonstrations of Weed Management in Major Crop to Reduce the Yield Loss viii. Farmers Training for Seed Production at Krishi Vigyan Kendra ix. Farmers Study Tour within and outside the State for exposure and Motivation towards Commercialized Agriculture 75.00 60.00 100.00 112.50 6 Farm Mechanization i. Establishment of farm mechanization centers at Panchayat Level to Minimize the Energy loss of Human resources 1046.00 B. HORTICULTURE 1 Programme for Small and marginal farmers and women Empowerment 88

i. Promotion of Protected Cultivation of Vegetable Crops under Low Tunnels for Early Production of Vegetables 62.50 ii. Demonstration and Supply of Healthy Nursery in Vegetable Crops 75.00 iii. Development of nutritional kitchen garden for Balanced Nutrition at Village Level and Involvement of women in Horticulture 2 Entrepreneur Development Programmes i. Entrepreneur Development in Commercial Vegetable Production. ii. Incentive for Establishing Backyard Mushroom Units. iii. Promotion of Bee Keeping for Honey Production and Processing for Price Realization 3. Commercial Fruits 91.50 10.00 182.00 70.00 i. Programme for High Density Planting of Mango and Guava 106.90 ii. Promotion of Sericulture for Enhancement of Farmer s Income 75.00 C. POST HARVEST & AGRICULTURE MARKETING 1 Development of Facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce i. Improvement and creating of new market facilities for Marketing of Agricultural Produce 25.00 ii. Value addition to Horticultural Produce through Establishment of Grading and Packaging Houses 100.00 Sub Total 6633.90 89

Chapter 7 PROPOSED NEW PROGRAMMES IN LIVESTOCK SECTOR A. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY To increase the productivity in animal sector the major contribution rests on the genetic up gradation of livestock. So far as Dairy Development is concerned, induction of additional milch animals and transforming the backyard dairy units into commercial dairy farms, minimum ten animals are required. Farmers training for better herd and milk management need to be done through latest techniques and farm practices. (i) Programme for year round production of green fodder to provide balanced nutrition to cattle It has been realized that seed is the most limiting factor in fodder production. The fodder crops being very shy seedsetter, sufficient quantity of good quality seed is not available. In the present situation, the cost of barseem seed is taken as Rs. 100 /kg and 20 kg seed will be needed for one hectare. Accordingly following norms for fodder seed production and seed acquisition by the government for further distribution be followed. Barseem seed may be distributed to registered farmers having mixed farming system @ 4 kg / farmer costing Rs 400. Two hundred farmers per block will be covered each year with 50 % subsidy. The cost to be borne by the government is Rs. 40,000 per block per year (Table 7.1). Table 7.1: Incentive for fodder seed production Item Unit cost No. of units (50% subsidy) 1 st year Cost per year 2 nd year 3 rd year 4 th year 5 th year Total cost (Rs. Lakh) Distribution of barseem seed Rs 400/ kg @ Rs 40,000 per block per year No. 15 15 15 15 15 30 Cost 6 6 6 6 6 Total 30.0 90

Deliverables It will support the dairy farming in the district. Farmers will incentivised to produce their own seed. It will improve the soil fertility. It is self sustaining scheme and the seed of green fodder will remain available even after the termination of the scheme. (ii) Strengthening of artificial insemination centres For genetic up gradation of milch and other cattle, it is proposed that Artificial Insemination (AI) centres will be upgraded, particularly for storage under liquid nitrogen and other facilities. For this an amount of Rs 30 Lakh be provided to each district. Table 7.2: Budget estimates for Strengthening of AI Centres Item Unit cost Cost per year Total cost 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th year year year year year Facilities for storage under liquid nitrogen and replacement and repair of other equipments Rs 30 lakh No. 30 - - - - 30.0 Total 30.0 (iii) Improvements of Cattle (Cow and Buffalo) The average milk production per milch cattle and per capita milk availability is substantially low inspite of largest no. of cattle in India among the various states. One of the contributing factor for the above state affair is lower level of breed improvement. Instead of going for breeds like Jersey, and replacing the existing cattle s genetical material, it is advisable to optimize the yield by sustained breed improvement by using, incase of cow, Red 91

Sindhi/Sahiwal and Murrah breed in case of buffalo. Minimum no. of he-bulls/buffaloes need to be provided to each veterinary hospital for breed improvement. The capital investment for the suggested incorporation will vary from district to district depending upon the no. of breeding facilities available in veterinary hospital. However, general basis of budget calculation is being provided here under: Table 7.3: Budget estimates for improvements of cattle (in Lakh) S.No. Bull/Buffalo Cost/ Total animal Year wise/maintenance Total for breeding unit purchase cost (Lakh) purpose* cost 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th 1 Red Sindhi- 2 no.and or tharparkar- 2 no. and or Sahiwal -2 No 2 He buffalo-2 No-(Murrah) 30,000 1.20 4 4 4 4 4 21.20 30,000 0.60 1 1 1 1 1 5.60 Total 1.80 5 5 5 5 5 26.80 The scheme will be handled by animal husbandry through their veterinary hospitals. The scheme should be introduced in priority basis on those district where cattle population, supportive dairy development is fairly good. (iv) Poultry Development There are estimated 615000 poultry birds in the district. There is good potential to develop poultry but there exists marketing problems. Small poultry units need to be encouraged to help small and marginal farmers. Following plan is given: 92

Activity Unit Size (Nos.) No. of Units Financial outlay (Rs Lakh) Govt. Subsidy Govt. Expenditure (Rs Lakh) Commercial Layer Commercial Broiler 500 750 112.5 25% 28.1 500 200 102.00 25 % 25.5 Table 7.4: Estimates of cost to encourage poultry Item Commercial Layer Commercial Broiler Number and Cost of Units Year wise to Government (Rs Lakh) 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total Number 750 750 750 750 750 3750 Cost 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.1 140.5 Number 200 200 200 200 200 1000 Cost 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 127.5 Total 53.6 53.6 53.6 53.6 53.6 268.00 (v) Improvement of Goat Rearing of goats is quite common in all the blocks of district. Rejected potatoes are used as a feed for pigs. There is a need for promoting commercial goat units. A plan to promote goat rearing and piggery is given below: Budget for Goat Particulars Unit Cost (Rs) No. of Units Total Cost Subsidy cost @ 20% cost (Rs Lakh) Goat (10+1) 67800 3733 2530.9 506.18 Total 506.8 93

Table 7.5: Budget estimate for promotion of goat Item 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total (Rs Lakh) Goat 506.18 506.18 506.18 506.18 506.18 2530.9 (vi) Livestock disease surveillance and quick alert system Indian cattle industry is an integral part of Indian agriculture and contributes to the well being of its people. Population estimates show that India will have to provide food for 1.5 billion people in 2010. In addition to this, India has an equal percentage of livestock population. (vii) Livestock disease surveillance It is recognizing that veterinary diseases pose a significant threat both to the animals and human beings. Livelihood of millions of farmers is dependent on health of livestock. Besides, animal diseases have become a serious threat for contamination of human food chain. Entire farm economics can run into huge losses due to emergence of diseases such as foot and mouth, rinder pest, bird flu to cite a few. There is a need for developing a system of animal disease survey and surveillance and it s on line reporting so that the spread of diseases before reaching epidemic proportion is contained. This will help save huge losses to livestock wealth in particular and farming system in general. Objectives The various objectives of this project are as follow : 1. Development of electronically managed Disease Surveillance System, through customized online data management systems. 2. Development of risk assessment and risk management tools for various endemic diseases The overall mission of this project is to thoroughly revamp the Livestock husbandry so as to erase the stigma of poor hygiene and elevate it to the global standards in production, processing and marketing of Livestock derivatives. 94

Financials Duration of Project: 5 Years Cost per Block per Year: 2.5 Lakh* Cost consists of Veterinary Doctor Expenses, quick alert system, GPS, quick Alert SMS System Table 7.6: Budget estimates for Livestock disease Surveillance Cost Component Year Year Year Year Year Total 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th (Rs. Lakh) Veterinary Doctor Expenses, quick alert system, GPS, quick Alert SMS System Cost Block (Rs. Lakh) Cost District (Rs. Lakh) per in per in 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.0 13.5 37.5 37.5 40.5 42.0 45.0 202.5 B. DAIRY (i) Programme for quality and hygienic milk production Production of clean milk is as important as the production of milk itself. The bacteria in the milk multiply because of the hot environment and dust, dirt and other foreign matter and adulteration. Unhygienic state of utensils used for the storage and transportation of milk adds to the problem. Therefore, there is a dire need to maintain the quality of milk by creating facility of cooling the milk at the source immediately on milking and educating the milk producers and milk handlers to maintain proper sanitation and hygiene. For the cooling of milk at the dairy farm level, Bulk milk coolers are needed to be made available, but the investment is quite high, which cannot be afforded by the milk producers themselves. There is urgent need to maintain quality of milk by creating facility for cooling the milk at source. For cooling the milk at dairy farm level bulk milk coolers are needed to be made available. 95

It is proposed to provide 30 bulk milk coolers of 2000 litres capacity, Two per block in the district. Each unit costing 8.0 Lakh, with 25% subsidy. The subsidy cost will be Rs. 60 Lakh. (ii) Promotion of commercial dairy farming units Dairy is being practiced by the farmers in the area as a house hold enterprise and not as a commercial activity. To promote the commercial dairy farming, it is proposed to provide interest subsidy on the cost of animals for the first year up to a maximum of Rs. 6000 per animal. It is proposed to encourage to setting up of 50 commercial dairy farms units in the district with minimum 10 milch animals in each; thereby 500 new additional milch animals will be inducted. Unit cost of each dairy will be about Rs 60000. This cost of subsidy on interest for first year will be Rs. 30.0 Lakh. In addition, every commercial dairy farm unit will be provided with Rs 2 Lakh as capital subsidy to develop infrastructure like animal sheds, milching parlours with machines. This will entail a cost of Rs 100 Lakh as capital subsidy, the total cost of the project being Rs 130 Lakh annually and Rs 6.5 crores for 50 units in next five years. (iii) Mini Milk Processing Unit Preservation and value addition in milk and milk products can be done at cottage level. A mini milk plant of 500 litres per day capacity can be set up in each block for making ghee, cheese, butter, lassi, etc. These products can earn handsome returns to milk producers. The producers can avail the benefit of forward linkages and can become successful dairy entrepreneurs. Such mini plants will cost Rs. 25.00 Lakh, on which 30% capital subsidy is proposed to be provided. Total subsidy cost would be Rs. 112.5 Lakh. (iv) Dairy Training Workshop The first step will be to sell the idea of dairy farming aggressively in the target area. This will be done by holding Dairy training workshops extensively in the district, so as to cover the entire area repeatedly. These will be high tech camps wherein the requisite message will be passed across the 96

audience in a very cordial, conducive and friendly environment. Dairy training workshop will be conducted to encourage and equip with knowledge to prospective dairy farmers and 50 percent target beneficiary should be women. It is proposed to hold 75 such workshops in the district. An expenditure of Rs. 20,000 per workshop will be incurred. It will cost Rs. 15.0 Lakh. Table 7.7: Total requirement of funds for animal husbandry sector (Rs. Lakh) Hygienic Milk 1 Production 12 12 12 12 12 60 Programme 2 3 Setting Up Commercial Dairy Farming Units with infrastructure Mini Milk Processing Unit 0.6 + 2.0 130 130 130 130 130 650 7.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 112.5 Dairy Education, 4 Training & Extension (I) Dairy Training 0.20 per workshop 3 3 3 3 3 15 workshops Total 167.5 167.5 167.5 167.5 167.5 837.5 C. FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT (i) Demonstration and training of fish culture Now a day s fish culture is developing at alarming rate in India especially in rural areas because most of the people are habitual to relish fish food along with rice. The fish farming is also providing an extra income to the poor and small farmers, another advantage of fish culture is to increase the level of underground water and utilization of rain water. 97

Therefore, the demonstration on fish culture in each block of the state would provide a technology of fish cultivation along with various advantages like nutrient support, extra income, increase underground water level etc. The budget provision under Proposed Programmes is to be made available at block level for conductivity as demonstration unit. Table 7.8 : Budget estimates for demonstration and training of fish culture (Lakh) S.No. Items Year 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th Total 1 Digging of Ponds, Lining, Pumping set and boring, culture and net etc. 10.0 5.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 21.0 Total 10.0 5.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 21.0 (ii) Renovation of village/ urban ponds for fish production Ponds left unattended or new ponds for water harvesting need to be made. These ponds can be used for fish culture. The water of these ponds can be purified by dutch -weed technique and fish farming can be done to cater additional income by panchayats. This job will include excavation, boundary lining and development of existing ponds. Fifty ponds per year are planned covering 250 ponds in five years. The cost of new pond will be Rs. 2.0 lakh per pond. The total cost involved for new ponds will be Rs. 100 Lakh per year and Rs. 500 Lakh in five years. It is also proposed that this project may be converged with National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme. (iii) Development of New Hatcheries for production of fingerlings It is proposed that Rs. 10.00 Lakh per hatchery be provided to the department of the fisheries for developing new hatcheries. Thirty new 98

hatcheries are required to be developed in the district at a total cost of Rs. 300 Lakh under Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan. Table 7.9: Budget estimates for fisheries development Activity Unit Cost (Rs. Lakh) Number of Units Year Wise 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total (Rs Lakh) Demonstration on Fish Culture 10.0 5.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 21.0 Renovation of New Ponds 2.0 Hatchery 10.0 Num 50 50 50 50 50 ber Cost 100 100 100 100 100 500.00 Num 6 6 6 6 6 ber Cost 60 60 60 60 60 300.00 Total 170 165 162 162 162 821.00 Deliverables Hygienic and safe food production. Increase in fish production, sale and consumption. Organized Market facility in the centre of production area. Brand development based on area and kind of fish. Better prices realization. D. PLANNING, MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF C-DAP Annual assessment and Restructuring of Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan @ Rs 5 lakh per year, which costs Rs 25 lakh. 99

Chapter - 8 SUMMARY OF LIVESTOCK SECTOR Name of the programme Budget estimate (in Lakh) LIVESTOCK SECTOR A. Animal husbandry Programme for year round production of green fodder to provide balanced nutrition to cattles 30.00 Strengthening of Artificial Insemination Centre 30.00 Improvement of cattle(cow and buffalo) 26.80 Poultry development 268.00 Goat and piggery development 2530.90 Livestock disease surveillance and quick alert system 202.50 B. Dairy Programme for quality and hygienic milk production 60.00 Promotion of commercial dairy farming 650.00 Mini milk processing units 112.50 Dairy training workshop for women 15.00 C. Fisheries development Demonstration and training of fish culture 21.00 Renovation of village ponds 500.00 Development of new hatcheries for production of fingerlings 300.00 Sub-total 4746.70 D. Planning, monitoring and evaluation of C-DAP 25.00 Grand Total 4771.70 100

Annexure-I MATRIX FOR CONVERGENCE OPPORTUNITIES IN DISTRICT LAKHIMPUR KHERI S. No. Area of Farm Name of C-DAP Name of Central Estimated Sector Programmes into which Sector Scheme Budget of Addressed convergence is Proposed proposed programmes (Lakh) 1 Land, Soil Enrichment of organic Strengthening of Soil 35.00 Health & carbon content using health (New scheme Fertility green manuring Establishment of w.e.f. 2008-09) Integrated Nutrient Management System Soil Health Card 55 304.55 2 Water Resources Management 3 Seed and Planting material 4 Production Technologies Setting up of new soil testing laboratories Microirrigation (Sprinkler & Drip) Distribution of Seeds Establishment of Seed treatment and Demonstration units at Distribution gram panchayat of Planting level material Programme on Promotion of Cultivation of Summer/Winter Pulses for Improving Productivity Project on Balanced 46.6 Use of fertilizer Micro Irrigation in 200.00 Horticulture (80:20) & National Horticulture Mission Macro Macro - Management in Agriculture(MMA) Beej Gram Yojana 20.25 (100 % CS) NHM 123.00 475.00 101

5. Horticulture & Plantation Promotion of sericulture for enhancement of farmers income NREGS 75.00 6 Technology Dissemination Farmers Study Tour Within and Outside the Agriculture Technology and State for exposure Management Agency Farmers training and (ATMA) Demonstration at KVK 100.00 60.00 Training and Demonstrations of Weed Management Farmers Study Tour Within and Outside the State for exposure and Motivation towards Commercialized Agriculture Farmers Welfare Scheme (Kisan Hit Yojana) - 112.5 Knowledge Dissemination Support to extension 413.10 at farmers field level by programmes for Subject Matter Specialists Extension Reforms (SMS) (90 CS: 10% State) 7 Entrepreneur Incentive for Sawarn Jayanti 182.00 Development Establishment of SawRojgar Yojana Backyard Mushroom Units Entrepreneur (75: 25%) 10.00 Development in Commercial vegetable production 8 Post Harvest Value addition to State Horticulture 100.00 and Marketing horticultural produce Mission (85: 15) through grading & packaging houses establishment 102

Improvement and creation of new market facilities for marketing of Agricultural Produce Practices 9 Dairy Programme for quality and hygienic milk production Promotion of Commercial Dairy Farming Units Dairy Training workshop for women 10 Fisheries Renovation of village ponds for fish production 11 Animal Artificial insemination Husbandry & Veterinary Livestock Disease Surveillance and Quick Alert System Programme for year round production of Green Fodder 12 Farm Establishment of Farm Mechanization Mechanization Centres at Panchayat Level NREGS 25.00 Clean milk 60.00 production (100%) Intensive Dairy 650.00 Development Programme (100% CS) Mahila Dairy Project 15.00 (100% CS) National Rural 500.00 Employment Guarantee scheme (NREGS) National Project for 30.00 Cattle and Buffalo Breeding Livestock (NPCBB) Health & 202.5 Disease Control (LH & DC); Directorate of Animal Health Scheme Feed and fodder 30.00 development Agriculture 1046.00 Mechanization (MMA) 103

Annexure-II List of the on-going projects in district Lakhimpur Kheri in the field of agriculture and allied sector Project Expenditure Incurred (Rs in lakh) 2007-08 2008-09 Source of Funding AGRICULTURE Crop production Natural resource management Production, Storage & Distribution of Quality seeds 56.27 State Sector ISOPOM 36.60 29.10 Centrally Sponsored Farmer Friend Scheme 56.08 139.23 State - Sector Timely Reporting Scheme (T.R.S.) 1.20 3.59 Centrally Sponsored Krishak Istar Par Parmanit Beej Utpadan 1.51 State Sector Pramanit Bejon Per Anudan 30.70 36.50 State Sector Computerization 0.20 0.51 State - Sector Data Bank 10.45 3.53 Takniki Prabandhan 7.35 14.55 State Sector Keet Rog Niyantaran 24.46 54.11 Rabi Dalhan Utpadan 5.74 30.34 State - Sector Crop Yield 0.08 0.03 Macro -Mode Niji Kshetron me Prasar Sewano 5.96 State Sector Special Jute Programme 1.77 Centrally Sponsored Tharu Jan Jati Yojana 40.96 Dev of extension services in Private Sector 9.96 State - Sector Demonstration of New Development Agril. 0.97 Centrally Sponsored Equipment Transfer of Technology 2.29 2.18 Macro -Mode Strengthening of Deptt Press 2.28 Central Micromode Agriculture Engineering 5.22 6.58 Agriculture Engineering (Rice) 23.47 Macro -Mode Seed Treatment 0.23 State Sector Beej Gram Yojana 5.54 Centrally Sponsored Boosting Cereal Production (Rice) 42.38 125.68 Central Micromode NWDPRA Barani 57.84 119.82 Micro Mode Central Sector Rain Water management 477.97 593.51 State - Sector Kisan Hit 224.51 323.90 State - Sector 104

Minor Irrigation Horticulture ANIMAL HUSBANDRY FISHERIES Krishi Kshetra Hetu Kushal Jal Prabandhan Mrida Swastha ka Sudharanikarn Javik Khad Prasar 4.67 67.20 91.19 State - Sector 32.77 49.75 State Sector Micro Mode Central Sector Bhoomi Sena Yojana 23.03 State - Sector Dr. Ambedkar Gramin Samagr Vikas Yojna Strengthening of Horticultural production Horticultural Development in Urban area Horticultural programme development Strengthening of Jatropha cultivation - 46.40 1.35 1.84 192.77 131.42 2.50 6.48 Rinder Pest Programme 0.18 0.12 Control of Livestock Disease 1.85 5.32 Scheme on Artificial Insemination 5.20 2.29 Production of frozen Seamen - 11.18 Scheme on infertility of animal 0.07 0.10 Facility of Sheep Breeding 0.86 - Goat Rearing - 8.00 Goat Breeding 0.40 0.40 Training of Livestock Owner 0.46 0.46 Livestock Statistics 0.03 - Livestock census Prog 0.22 36.28 Establishment of Livestock Hospital 31.79 31.79 Extension Education Prog - 2.46 Artificial Insemination - 0.84 Disease Investigation 9.00 8.32 Artificial Insemination 3.60 1.69 Paravet Training 3.20 5.46 Backyard Poultry 4.15 5.46 Integrated Piggery Development - 8.00 Pig Breeding Prog 0.60 0.89 Integrated Goatry 4.00 12.00 Fish farmers development agency 14.26 1.20 National Scheme of Welfare of Fishermen 5.20 3.75 75% central + 25% state 50% central + 50% state 105

Krishi Vividhikaran Pariyojna National Fishermen insurance Scheme Fisheries development through Cooperatives Development of water logged area for fish culture 7.00 7.14 50% central + 50% state - 1.45 100% state - 2.50 100% state 86.25 R KVY 106

Annexure-III 107

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