WG on Determination of Fluid Loss Screen Life API SC 10 Scott Jennings 25 June, 2013 2013 Exploration and Production Standards Conference on Oilfield Equipment and Materials
Current Situation Currently, Sec. 10 Static fluid-loss tests The screens shall be replaced when they show visible plugging, wear, damage, or distortion. (API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 10B-2 SECOND EDITION, APRIL 2013) Problems noticed when testing FLAs for acceptance criteria & comparing FL data with SC. API spec for Blade Wear: Discard if mass loss >10 % 2
Review Average of 11 tests ARAMCO vs SC A = 15.3% ARAMCO vs SC B = 45.8% ARAMCO vs SC C = (-13.6%) 3
FL Cell 4
Water Test New Fluid Loss Screens Time for 165 ml to pass through 325 mesh screen 1 2 3 4 5 Ave Rate Time (sec) ml/sec 41.4 39.1 41.5 41.7 40.2 40.78 4.05 42.5 40.8 40 42.1 41.3 41.34 3.99 H 39.7 42.1 42.2 41.9 40.5 41.28 4.00 41.3 39.5 40.2 41.5 39.6 40.42 4.08 L 40.3 42.4 40.8 39.9 41.7 41.02 4.02 A Screen Weight Average time for all 40.97 4.03 H Heavy L Light A Average 5
20 tests ran 6
Used FL Screens 13 used screens weighed (metal backed) Ave. 20.33 gr. High 22.59 gr. Low 19.31 gr. 5 screens selected for water flow test Weight (high and low) Visibility (best and worst) Water gravity flow test 165 grams of water flow through cell (SG-1.00) 3 test times recorded (sec) Rates calculated (ml/sec) 7
Water Test Used Screens Weight Used Fluid Loss Screens Screen Grams Visibility 1 2 3 Ave. Rate No. Time (sec) ml/sec 1 19.67 Worst 300+ 82.7 ml left 300.00 <0.55 5 19.31 Low 93.6 92 105.4 97.00 1.70 8 20.52 72.3 69.7 72.8 71.60 2.30 11 22.59 High 48.5 50.3 47.1 48.63 3.39 13 20.31 Best 49.7 44.7 49.8 48.07 3.43 8
Future Work 21.99 New 4.03 Any Interest to Pursue? 9
WG Formed 10
Needed volunteers to run the non perforated disk backed screen CSI ran 30 tests Chandler Engineering designed water test Apparatus Saudi Aramco (perforated disk) ran 10 more test (total 30 tests) 10 tests with Latex cement 11
Both FL Screens 12
10 Tests Using Latex Cement 13
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New Screen 10 Tests Using Latex Cement 15
10 Tests Using Latex Cement 16
10 Tests Using Latex Cement 17
CSI Testing Procedure from previous testing used Newer non-backed screens used Two slurries tested 18
Slurry #1 16.4 ppg Class H + 0.3% bwoc fluid loss additive Ten fluid loss tests run Initial fluid loss: 46 ml Final fluid loss: 37 ml Initial screen weight: 19.202 g Final screen weight: 19.252 g Initial average water flow rate: 8.02 ml/sec Final water flow rate: 0.26 ml/sec 19
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Slurry #2 16.4 ppg Class H + 0.2% bwoc fluid loss additive Ten fluid loss tests run Initial fluid loss: 207 ml Final fluid loss: 215 ml Initial screen weight: 19.252g Final screen weight: 19.594 g Initial average water flow rate: 0.4 ml/sec Final water flow rate: 0.11 ml/sec 24
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Pre Slurry #2 Post FL #2 Post FL #3 29
Post FL#4 Post FL #5 Post FL #6 30
Post FL #8 Post FL #9 Post FL #10 31
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3 Choices 1. Change complete screen every time Costly 2. Change the 325 mesh screen every time (split rings) 60 mesh screen half thickness ring 325 mesh on top and blank ring on top. Need perforated disk type for strong backing 3. Use Plastic FL screen tester to determine flow rate Continue with screens currently provided 35
Water Tests Variable Results Aramco flow rate 3.95 ml/sec screen backing 4.03 ml/sec perforated backing Chandler flow rate 1.96 ml/sec screen backing CSI flow rate 1.69/1.83 ml/sec screen backing 36
Water Test Variances Lab Saudi Aramco Water rate - perforated back screen (ml/sec) Water rate - screen back (ml/sec) 4.03 3.95 Exit Valve Full opening Ball valve 37
Choice 2 Split ring New 325 mesh screen every test Metal support ring 60 mesh screen or Perforated disk 325 mesh screen 38
Choice 3 Use Fluid Loss Screen Tester Drawings by Chandler Engineering 39
Work Continues with Water Tester Fabrication in Progress 40
Questions 41
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Lab Lab Results Variables running the test are: Technician accuracy of performing FL test Pressure delivered Screen Visibility Weight Flow rate 43
Initial Findings Labs discard screens at technician discretion (Vis.). Unattended test lead to higher degree of uncertainty. Tech. around but not totally on top of test. N2 source should have a defined min. starting supply pressure for the static test. regulated pressure down to 1000 psi diff. 1200 psi on stirred FL apparatus 44
Flow Rate Determination Procedure (New Screen) 1. Weigh FL screen dry 2. Soak in water for 2 mins. 3. Assemble FL cell 4. Fill cell with 165 gr. Water SG=1.00 5. Open drain valve and start clock simultaneously 6. Stop clock and record time when water level has left the inside of the cell. 7. Dry with compressed air 8. Repeat steps 4-7 four more times 45
Initial Study 26 new screens weighed (metal backed) Ave. 21.99 gr. High 22.24 gr. Low 21.52 gr 5 screens selected for water flow test Water gravity flow test 165 grams of water flow through cell (SG-1.00) 5 test times recorded (sec) Rates calculated (ml/sec) Best match to average was selected (screen no. 5) 46
New FL Screen no. 5 Selected 20 FL Tests Performed 10 slurries selected 115-283 cc s/30 mins. Screen weighed before FL test Water Flow Rate determined before FL test 2 tests made 30 mins. Same 10 slurries repeated 120-215 cc s/30 mins. Screen weight increased from 22.01 to 22.08 gr. 4 tests made 30 mins. Can continue if SC 10 is interested. 47
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Flow Rate Determination Procedure (Used Screen) 1. Weigh FL screen dry 2. Soak in water for 2 mins. 3. Assemble FL cell 4. Fill cell with 165 gr. Water SG=1.00 5. Open drain valve and start clock simultaneously 6. Stop clock and record time when water level has left the inside of the cell. 7. Dry with compressed air 8. Repeat steps 4-7 two more times 50
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