Changing energy infrastructure and the potential role of new forms of energy storage Mike Colechin 2013 Energy Technologies Institute LLP The information in this document is the property of Energy Technologies Institute LLP and may not be copied or communicated to a third party, or used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied without the express written consent of Energy Technologies Institute LLP. This 2013 information Energy is given Technologies in good faith based Institute upon the latest LLP information - Subject available to to notes Energy on Technologies page 1Institute LLP, no warranty or representation is given concerning such information, which must not be taken as establishing any contractual or other commitment binding upon Energy Technologies Institute LLP or any of its subsidiary or associated companies.
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ESME Outputs for CO2 reduction targets 600 Net CO2 Emissions 500 400 Mt CO2/year 300 200 100 0-100 2010 (Historic) 2020 2030 2040 2050-200 DB v3.2 / Optimiser v3.2
UK heat and electricity demand variability (commercial & domestic - 2010) 250 200 Heat Electricity Heat / Electricity (GW) 150 100 50 0 Jan 10 Apr 10 July 10 Oct 10 Source: UKERC (2011)
Storage Solutions for Balancing Generation and Demand Storage Solutions (GWh availability) Pumped Storage of Electricity Compressed Air Storage of Electricity 6.00E+02 5.00E+02 Battery Storage of Electricity Geological Storage of Hydrogen 4.00E+02 Building Space Heat Storage 3.00E+02 Building Hot Water Storage 2.00E+02 District Heat Storage 1.00E+02 Geological Storage of SeasonalH2 0.00E+00 2010 (Historic) 2020 2030 2040 2050 Distribution Scale Electricity Storage
The Future Energy System?
Storage Services Value Chain Application Description 1 Wholesale Energy Services Utility-scale storage systems for bidding into energy, capacity and ancillary services markets 2 Renewables Integration Utility-scale storage providing renewables time shifting, load and ancillary services for grid integration 3 Stationary Storage for T&D Support Systems for T&D system support, improving T&D system utilization factor, and T&D capital deferral Generation & System-Level Applications T&D System Applications 4 Transportable Storage for T&D Support 5 Distributed Energy Storage Systems Transportable storage systems for T&D system support and T&D deferral at multiple sites as needed Centrally managed modular systems providing increased customer reliability, grid T&D support and potentially ancillary services 6 ESCO Aggregated Systems Residential-customer-sited storage aggregated and centrally managed to provide distribution system benefits 7 C&I Power Quality and Reliability 8 C&I Energy Management Systems to provide power quality and reliability to commercial and industrial customers Systems to reduce TOU energy charges and demand charges for C&I customers 9 Home Energy Management Systems to shift retail load to reduce TOU energy and demand charges End-User Applications 10 Home Backup Systems for backup power for home offices with high reliability value T&D = Transmission and Distribution; C&I = Commercial and Industrial; ESCO = Energy Services Company; TOU = Time of Use Source: Electricity Energy Storage Technologies, EPRI, 2010
Summary Services and Storage Modes
Technology Map of Capability Source: The Future Role for Energy Storage in the UK, ERP, 2011
Distribution Scale Pumped Heat Electricity Storage Demonstration of the Isentropic electricity storage system 11kV connected substation on Western Power Distribution s network 1.4 MW / 4 hour (5.6 MWh) rating Design, development, construction, testing & in-service operation for up to 2 years Achievable price target 460/kW, 55/kWh Rountrip efficiency up to 75% Scaleable by MW or MWh
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BACKUP
Changes to Space Heating? 450 Space Heat Production TWh 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 DB v3.2 / Optimiser v3.2 2010 (Historic) 2020 2030 2040 2050
Changes to Water Heating? 100 Water Heating 90 80 70 60 TWh 50 40 30 20 10 0 DB v3.2 / Optimiser v3.2 2010 (Historic) 2020 2030 2040 2050
GW Generating Capacity with and without CCS 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2009 2020 2030 2040 2050 Wave Power Tidal Stream Hydro Power Micro Solar PV Onshore Wind Offshore Wind H2 Turbine AD CHP Plant IGCC Biomass with CCS Nuclear CCGT with CCS CCGT IGCC Coal with CCS PC Coal with CCS PC Coal OCGT Oil Fired Generation Interconnectors
Storage Solutions for Balancing Generation and Demand CCS Comparison Storage Capacity adjusted for no CCS (GWh availability) Pumped Storage of Electricity 4.00E+03 3.50E+03 Compressed Air Storage of Electricity 3.00E+03 Battery Storage of Electricity 2.50E+03 Geological Storage of Hydrogen 2.00E+03 Building Space Heat Storage 1.50E+03 Building Hot Water Storage 1.00E+03 District Heat Storage 5.00E+02 Geological Storage of SeasonalH2 0.00E+00 2010 (Historic) 2020 2020 2030 2030 2040 2040 2050 2050 Distribution Scale Electricity Storage