PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Introduction Maiia Guermanova behalf of Email: maiia.guermanova@sturgis.co.uk
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit What is a PassivHaus/ Passive House? Passivhaus is not a brand name but a building standard that provides a high level of occupant comfort while using very little energy that is truly energy efficient, comfortable, ecological and affordable. They are built with meticulous attention to detail and rigorous design and construction according to principles developed by Passivhaus Institute in Germany and Prof. Dr Wolfgang Feist. Passivhaus can be certified through a quality assurance process. Typical house 100W /m 2 Passivhaus 10W /m 2 A PassivHaus is a building, for which thermal comfort (ISO 7730) can be achieved solely by post-heating or post-cooling of the fresh air mass, which is required to achieve sufficient indoor air quality conditions without the need for additional recirculation of air. Passivhaus Introduction - Page 2
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit First Passivhaus Darmstadt-Kranichstein (1991) Passivhaus used energy sources inside the building such as the body heat from the people and solar radiation entering the building. Passivhaus still needs heating but very little. Heating loads occurring in the Passivhaus during the winter is less than 10 W/m². The remaining heating could be easily supplied via the supply air system. images courtesy: PHI Passivhaus Introduction - Page 3
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit PassivHaus criteria MHRV 75% efficiency Elec. demand 0.45Wh/m 3 Uw 0.8 W/m 2.K g-value 50% n 50 0.6 ach @50Pa U 0.15 W/m 2.K Psi-value 0.01W/m.K images courtesy: New Avenue Blog Heating/ cooling demand 25 kwh/m 2.annum Total primary energy demand of 120 kwh/m 2.annum Passivhaus Introduction - Page 4
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit EnerPhit criteria (developed in 2011) images courtesy: bere:architects Heating/ cooling demand 25 kwh/m 2.annum Total primary energy demand 120 kwh/m 2 per annum + heat load factor Airtightness n 50 1.0 ach @ 50Pa Passivhaus Introduction - Page 5
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Why build Passive? Passivhaus is a fabric-first building standard that can be applied to all building types. Traditional: Lena Gardens PH retrofit, London - CIBSE Building Performance Award 2013 Social housing: Tigh-Na-Cladach (house by the shore), Dunoon - first domestic PH is Scotland 2010 Non-domestic: Mayville Community Centre - first nondomestic PH retrofit 2011 images courtesy: Green Tomato Energy images courtesy: Scottish Passivhaus Centre images courtesy: bere:architects Passivhaus Introduction - Page 6
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Why build Passive? PassivHaus allows for energy savings of up to 90% compared with typical central European buildings and over 75% compared with new dwellings in UK. This offers a great saving on the house owner s energy bills! A typical 3-bed Passivhaus in the UK would have heating bills as low as 100 per year. images courtesy: Green Tomato Energy Passivhaus Introduction - Page 7
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Why build Passive? PassivHaus is built to last. Institutes ensures the quality of construction is achieved whereby the designer has to provide proof there are no cold bridging in the building and the contractor has to monitor and record the progress of the project. Thus avoiding risks of interstitial condensation occurring on cold surfaces in the fabric and vapour diffusion where there are gaps in waterproofing layer. Passivhaus Introduction - Page 8
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Why build Passive? PassivHaus is a fabric first approach. It does not rely on renewable energy sources for energy savings. Heating can be delivered using traditional wet heating system, through the air or any other system. Opt 1: Wet heating system Opt 2: Air heating Opt 3: Solar thermals/ PVs not Opt 4: essential Passivhaus Introduction - Page 9
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Why build Passive? Triple-glazed windows ensure there is no radiation temperature asymmetry, with all surfaces above 17 o C making the building very comfortable to live in. Monitoring data (Temp and Relative Humidity) for Passivhaus Retrofit, Dec 2011 images courtesy: bere:architects Passivhaus Introduction - Page 10
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Why build Passive? The continuously operating comfort ventilation system provides a constant supply of fresh air. The intake filter keeps the home dust free and healthy. Passivhaus Introduction - Page 11
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Why build Passive? PassivHaus performs as designed compared to the majority of buildings that tend to consume considerably more energy than estimated. MEASURED vs PREDICTED heat losses for 16 new dwellings in UK images courtesy: Bell M., Smith M.B., and Palmer J. (2010) Review of the implementation of Part L 2006 Passivhaus Introduction - Page 12
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Why build Passive? Passivhaus Planning Package (PHPP) software is used to accurately estimate the building s energy demand that takes into consideration all thermal elements, cold bridging, shading, MHRV and all electrical appliances. Specific building demands with reference to the treated floor area use: Annual method Treated floor area 74.4 m! Requirements Fulfilled?* Space heating Annual heating demand 22 kwh/(m 2 a) 25 kwh/(m!a) yes Heating load 15 W/m 2 - - Space cooling Overall specific space cooling demand kwh/(m 2 a) - - Cooling load W/m 2 - - Frequency of overheating (> 25 C) 0.0 % - - Primary Energy Space heating and cooling, dehumidification, DHW, household electricity. Auxiliary Electricity and 125 kwh/(m 2 a) 129 kwh/(m!a) yes DHW, space heating and auxiliary electricity 94 kwh/(m 2 a) - - Specific primary energy reduction through solar electricity kwh/(m 2 a) - - Airtightness Pressurization test result n 50 1.0 1/h 1 1/h yes Specific losses, gains, heating demand [kwh/(m! month)] 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Sum Spec. Gains Solar + Internal Spec. Heating Demand Sum Spec. Losses Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Passivhaus Introduction - Page 13
PassivHaus/ EnerPHit Certification process The Passivhaus Institute has developed a series of certification processes to ensure the quality of any official Passivhaus buildings and practitioners: 1. Designers who have the expertise to deliver Passivhaus buildings. 2. Passivhaus building which applies both to the proposed design and the completed building. 3. Components can be recognised by the use of the PassivHaus Institute logo and include windows and ventilation heat recovery systems.
Passmore Street EnerPHit Case Study Maiia Guermanova behalf of Email: maiia.guermanova@sturgis.co.uk
Case Study Passmore Street EnerPHit Passivhaus Introduction - Page 16
Case Study Planning & Conservation triple glazing PassivHaus certified window Uw = 0.8W/m 2 K & Ug = 0.6W/m 2 K Passivhaus Introduction - Page 17
Case Study Planning & Conservation mock sashes Triple glazed mock sash Uw = 0.8W/m 2 K & Ug = 0.6W/m 2 K Passivhaus Introduction - Page 18
Case Study Planning & Conservation mock sashes Passivhaus Introduction - Page 19
Case Study Planning & Conservation exterior insulation PROPOSED REAR WALL INSULATION (Type C) RISK ASSESSMENT HAZARD RISK CONTROL MEASURE - - - kemparol roof insulation over joist decking 4 1 joist firring FOR ALL OTHER RISKS REFER TO CONSULTANT'S RISK ASSESSMENT. SCHEDULES ALSO SEE DETAIL DRAWING WHERE REFERENCED. total build up: 150 mm 2 4 1 3 total build up: 150 mm 2 BRICK SLIPS SYSTEM 3 REV DESCRIPTION DATE 2 PL_110 scale: 1/20 PROPOSED REAR WALL SECTION (roof level) 1. Do not scale this drawing. The Contractor is to verify all dimensions & conditions on site and report any discrepencies to the Architect before proceeding. 2. This drawing is to be read in conjunction with all relevant project documentation. 3. This drawing is subject to the approval of the appropriate Statutory Authorities. BRICK SLIPS SYSTEM S T U R G I S A S S O C I A T E S 5 1 total build up: 150 mm total build up: 150 mm 4 1 3 2 Project : STURGIS ASSOCIATES LLP 20 Perseverance Works Hackney Road London E2 8DD (T) +44 (0) 20 7613 2500 (F) +44 (0) 20 7613 3455 mail@sturgis.co.uk www.sturgis.co.uk 13/21/23/25 PASSMORE STREET 21 PASSMORE STREET - rear KEY 4 3 2 Title : PROPOSED REAR WALL INSULATION SECTION TYPE C 1 Existing solid brick wall Scale : Date : 2 3 4 New external aerogel insulation (total build up 150 mm) Slip mounting system fixed to insulation Brick Slip layer to match existing brickwork (25 mm) 1 PL_110 PROPOSED REAR WALL SECTION (first floor level) scale: 1/20 2 PL_110 PROPOSED REAR WALL SECTION (foundation level) scale: 1/20 1:20 @ A3 June 2013 Drawn by : Checked by : DLG Drawing No. : Revision : 5 New concrete cill to match existing cill appearence C1301_115_PL_110 13 PASSMORE STREET - rear Note1: All existing features, window cills, plinths reproduced to match existing Status : PLANNING STURGIS ASSOCIATES LLP Passivhaus Introduction - Page 20
Case Study Planning & Conservation front door Passivhaus Introduction - Page 21
Case Study Loosing area using internal insulation Proposed plans Passivhaus Introduction - Page 22
Case Study Loosing area using internal insulation Aerogel insulation Plastic anchors Cellular glass insulation Passivhaus Introduction - Page 23
Case Study Loosing area using internal insulation Vermiculite/perlite chimney fill Passivhaus Introduction - Page 24
Case Study Loosing height ventilation ducts Posi-joists Laminated timber I-beams Passivhaus Introduction - Page 25
Case Study Risk of interstitial condensation Lime parge coat Intelligent membrane 80% RH Lime Parge Coat Interior Surface WUFI analysis Construction Moisture Removal RH below 80% threshold images courtesy: PassivHaus Trust Passivhaus Introduction - Page 26
Case Study Difficulty Achieving Airtightness Air tests every 3 weeks Continuous airtightness using red line Service zone = no penetrations images courtesy: PassivHaus Trust Passivhaus Introduction - Page 27
Case Study Unavoidable thermal bridges images courtesy: PassivHaus Trust Passivhaus Introduction - Page 28
Case Study Unavoidable thermal bridges 31 Software: Therm 7.2.5 Date: 18/06/2014 Job Name: 11/19 Passmore Street Job No: C1301_477_300_1 20 Perseverance Works, Hackney Road, London E2 8DD Tab name: Ambient Junction (2) Completed by: MF T +44 (0) 20 7613 2500 F +44 (0) 20 7613 3455 W www.sturgiscarbonprofiling.com Descrip: Main Roof - rear wall junction Checked by: MG Heat Flux Data colum Row Name Ufactor name Length mm U factor L2D W/Km Black = no heat flow (Heatflow through materials) White = high heat flow! S 16 Roof External 1850 0.1004 T 16 Rear wall Internal 1850 0.1799 U 16 L2D Internal 3339 0.1564 0.5222 U - value calculation for data row Roof Check surface resistances correct Checl total length correct y y Modelling U Value ( W/m2K) 0.100 U - value calculation for data row Rear wall Check surface resistance correct Checl total length correct y y Modelling U Value ( W/m2K) 0.180 Psi calculation length U-value/L2D1 heat flow psi value mm W/m2K W/mK W/mK L2D 0.522 Roof Length time U value: 1677 0.100 0.168 Rear wall Length time U value: 1637 0.180 0.294 0.059 psi Internal 0.06 W/mK Isotherms Cold Outside (0 C)! Psi calculation length U-value/L2D1 heat flow psi value (Lines of constant temp) mm W/m2K W/mK W/mK L2D 0.522 Roof Length time U value: 2120 0.100 0.213 Rear wall Length time U value: 1988 0.180 0.358-0.048 psi External -0.05 W/mK Error in calculation: From therm report - worst cell 1.4 % Warm Inside (20 C)! Junction (inc reference planes) Elements Roof Rear Wall Passivhaus Introduction - Page 29
Case Study Unavoidable thermal bridges Bauvorhaben: Datum: 30.5.2014 Psi-Therm 3D 3D Wärmebrückenberechnung Detail Drg 305 Detail 2 Description Double PFC / Ext Wall / Extension Roof T in calc Proposed Base Difference Chi ºK Q (W) Q (W) Q (W) (W/K) 20 111.35282 111.32981 0.02301 0.001 Passivhaus Introduction - Page 30
Case Study Quality Control Passivhaus Introduction - Page 31
PassivHaus Introduction Thank you! If you have any questions contact Maiia Guermanova Email: maiia.guermanova@sturgis.co.uk