INTERNATIONAL ALFALFA CONFERENCE 25-26-27 OCTOBER 2015 BENGBU - CHINA ERIC GUILLEMOT - SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE CIDE 1
PLAN Introduction European Union: background, features and key figures Alfalfa and green fodder in Europe Dehydration: definition, features, advantages Monograph on European production by country Conclusion 2
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THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS If you are looking for: Alfalfa guaranteed not to contain GMOs Alfalfa with a by-pass effect Alfalfa with demanding contractual standards Alfalfa with high quality production standards European dehydrated alfalfa is for you Experienced professionals in animal feed will be your long-term partners 4
The EUROPEAN UNION Background Features Key figures 5
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Stages in the expansion of the European Union 7
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IN VARIETATE CONCORDIA United in diversity 28 Member States + 5 Candidate States 24 languages 7 th largest political area in the world: 4,493,000 km 2 (water 6.75%) 3 rd largest population worldwide (508 M inhabitants) Highest GDP worldwide $33,800/inhabitant Anthem: Ode to Joy by Beethoven 9
HIGH QUALITY STANDARDS WHITE PAPER OF THE EUROPEAN COMMISION of January 2000 on food safety 1. Establishing an independent European food authority, responsible for assessing risks in the field of food safety, management of rapid alert systems and communication and dialogue with consumers; 2. Reorganising all the food laws in order to improve all the aspects related to food products and make them more coherent, from farm to fork, 3. Harmonising and extending the controls throughout the whole food chain in all the Member States and for importation, 4. Making suppliers, producers and plant owners responsible for supplies 11
HIGH QUALITY STANDARDS Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 is one of the five community regulations included in the Hygiene Package that determines the requirements for food and animal feed hygiene This regulation, still called the Food Law, determines the general principles and general specifications in food legislation, was imposed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and determines the procedures for food and animal feed safety, in particular with a rapid alert system and the obligation for notification, making the operators responsible for this. It was completed in 2004 and 2005 with three regulations applicable to the operators _ Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 of 29 April 2004 defining the general hygiene standards for all foodstuffs, Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 of 29 April 2004 defining the specific hygiene standards for foodstuffs from animal sources, Regulation (EC) No 183/2005 of 12 January 2005 defining the specific hygiene standards for animal feed.and two other regulations related to control services 12
HIGH QUALITY STANDARDS Regulation(EC) No 183/2005 of 12 January 2005 defines the general hygiene standards for animal feed along with the conditions and methods for its traceability and approval or registration of establishments 13
Objectives: HIGHT QUALITY STANDARDS Objectives and scope of application General hygiene standards for animal feed Conditions and methods to ensure traceability of animal feed Scope of application: All the activities, from the primary production to the marketing process of feed for productive livestock and pets Fodder for animals bred to produce food Imports from third countries 14
Registration and/or approval of all the operators depending on the sensitivity of the products treated; Implementing risk control systems based on the HACCP (apart from primary production) Application of GBP, if need be Specific hygiene standards, microbiological criteria Financial guarantees so that the costs can be covered for market recall, treatment or destruction of animal feed and foodstuffs - applicable to everyone 15
HIGHT QUALITY STANDARDS Related to hygiene: Preventing, eliminating or reducing the hazards that could jeopardise animal feed safety, Protecting products from any contamination Keeping the premises, equipment, containers, crates and vehicles clean and, if necessary, disinfected after use Using clean water Protecting the feed from pests and harmful organisms Separating the feed from waste and hazardous substances Taking into account the results from all the relevant analysis of samples taken 16
Contents of records HIGHT QUALITY STANDARDS OBLIGATIONS Documents related to the measures adopted to control hazards available to the competent authorities Use of phytosanitary products and biocides Any harmful organisms detected The results from analysis Incoming and outgoing animal feed 17
ALFALFA & GREEN FODDER IN EUROPE 18
Medicago sativa in the EU Perennial leguminous plant (2 to 7 years) 2,000 to 2,700 kg of protein per hectare No GMOs Main outlets: dairy production, cattle/meat, rabbits, horses Practically no insecticides or fungicides Very positive environmental impact on: Combating soil erosion Soil structure Protection of the quality of water Positive impact on biodiversity 19
A LITTLE HISTORY 1957: The CIDE was set up 1962: The Common Agricultural Policy was created 1973: Consideration of dependence on imports (importation of almost 75% of all proteins consumed) 1989: The Council intended to cut off the aid 1995-2006: Stable COM 2005: 1 st reform 2008: 2 nd reform Since 2012: No aid granted to the sector 20
2015/2020 Period 2015/2020 CAP: greener more agronomy less agrochemistry Concerns about the quality of water, biodiversity and land development Leguminous plants authorised on Ecological Focus Areas (5% of arable land) Boost for proteins in Europe 21
STRUCTURAL ISSUES FOR THE FUTURE Which challenges raised by cultivation and animal production systems can alfalfa help overcome? We must again think of alfalfa as an input for cultivation and animal production systems, without overlooking the preservation process and the structure of farms where alfalfa is grown and used. 22
The environmental benefits of alfalfa Water Air Biodiversity Climate Countryside No nitrogen Purifying capacity Pesticides - - Butterflies X 15 Birds X 2 Bees X 2 Positive carbon footprint 600,000 t of CO 2 avoided in 5 years Erucic methane One of the only pluriannual plants in regions with large crops 23
DEHYDRATION DEFINITION FEATURES ADVANTAGES 24
Definition Dehydration allows all the nutritional properties of the product to be retained on site by quickly drying the alfalfa after it is harvested. The logistics used by dehydrators enable standardised quality batches to be produced that are then used to meet contractual demands (protein levels, cellulose levels, etc.) It provides a perfectly regulated finished product from a heterogeneous raw material 25
Advantages Dehydrated alfalfa has proteins that are naturally tanned by heat (positive polygastric effect) The heat sterilises any possible poor quality grains harvested Alfalfa provides a contribution to support rumination (fibre) without dispersing the ration as cereal straw Due to its strong buffering power, alfalfa helps combat sub-acute acidosis problems (=> better bodily condition for the purpose of lactation, very good supplement of sugar-rich acid-generating portions) No GMOs 26
Features Protein rate dilution curve after each harvest 27
Etape 1 Du carreau au tambour sécheur 28
Etape 2 Tambour sécheur et ventilation 29
Etape 3 Du cyclonage au broyage 30
Etape 4 De la mélangeuse au pressage 31
Etape 5 Refroidissement et pesage 32
Etape 6 Recyclage des fines et conditionnement 33
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MONOGRAPH OF EUROPEAN PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY Spain France Italy Germany Holland The United-Kingdom 35
THE SITUATION IN EUROPE 36
DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTION OF THE MAIN COUNTRIES 2500 2000 1500 1000 Espagne France Allemagne Italie 500 0 2014/15 2013/14 2012/13 2011/12 2010/11 2009/10 2008/09 2007/08 2006/07 2005/06 2004/05 2003/04 2002/03 2001/02 2000/01 1999/00 1998/99 37
DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTION BASE 100 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 Espagne France Allemagne Italie 40 20 0 38
30000 25000 EU: Development of Protein-Rich Products (EU with 12 members until 1993/94, 15 in 2003/04, 27 in 2007/08 and 2012/13, then 28) Proteins (1000 t) 2007/08 2003/04 2013/14 2012/13 Proté agineux 20000 1993/94 Colza et tournesol 15000 10000 1980/81 1973/74 69% 76% 73% 69% déficit 67% Fourrages dé shydraté s Soja Farines viande et poisson 5000 81% 78% Divers* 0 Sources : UNIP/Terres Univia (estimate) * Without grain husks 39
Spain 72 production sites, 85% in the Ebro Basin, 100% dehydrated: no sun-dried production 141,000 hectares (2014), 90% alfalfa, 118,000 hectares of which are irrigated, Extensive pre-wilting (70% dry material entering the plant) Production: 1.47 Mt (2014) 1.4 Mt (2015) 80% in bales Very important exporter since 2007, currently 70% of its production is exported At the end of 2014, 33 sites were exporting to the PRC 40
In KT 2500 SPAIN: DEVELOPMENT OF DRIED FODDER PRODUCTION 2000 1500 1000 500 0 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/2006 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 41
France 29 production sites, 97% of which are cooperatives 300,000 hectares (2014) of alfalfa, of which 65,000 are used for dehydrated production, Development of pre-wilting in the fields (35% dry material entering the plant) Production: 800 Kt (2014) 670 Kt (2015) 80% in Champagne- Ardenne 40% in bales Very high potential for EU exports Related production in the plants: beetroot pulp, corn, wood pellets The plant provides: farming advice, harvesting, transport from the fields to the plant, in addition to its industrial work. 42
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In KT 1600 France: DEVELOPMENT OF DRIED FODDER PRODUCTION 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1998/991999/002000/012001/022002/032003/042004/052005/062006/072007/082008/092009/102010/112011/122012/132013/142014/15 44
Italy 50 production sites, 60% in the region Emilia-Romagna 90 000 hectares (2014), 90% alfalfa Pre-wilting in the field (70% dry matter entering the plant) Production : over 1 000 000 tons of processed forage, 90% bales 80% dehydrated forage and 20% suncured forage 70% alfalfa and 30% Italian Spring grass No irrigation and no use of fertilizers Major exporter since 2005, currently 65% of the production is exported 45
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In KT 1200 Italy: DEVELOPMENT OF DRIED FODDER PRODUCTION 1000 800 600 400 200 0 47
Germany 38 production sites, mainly cooperatives, 20,000 producers/farmers Production: 250 Kt (2014), alfalfa 70% T, grass 180 Kt 220 Kt (2015) 16% in bales 70% of production is returned to the farmer (self-consumption) 30% of production is sold locally. Strong pressure of the environmental regulations on the plants for complete product traceability 48
In KT 400 GERMANY: DEVELOPMENT OF DRIED FODDER PRODUCTION 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 49
The Netherlands 6 production sites, 2 with special production for horses and bio-production for livestock Production: 108 Kt (2014) 100 Kt (2015) 70% alfalfa 30% of production is for self-consumption (grass), 12% of production is bio, 45% of production is in bales and 65% in 6 mm pellets The Dutch industry is focussed on Western European and Asian markets. Production is for supplies to the dairy cow market 50
THE NETHERLANDS: DEVELOPMENT OF DRIED FODDER PRODUCTION 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/2006 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/20142014/2015 51
The United Kingdom 9 production sites, from 300 T to 15,000 T 1 cooperative Production: 40 Kt (2014) 40Kt (2015), 40% in bales All the production is sold on the domestic horse and pet food markets with very high added value 52
THE UNITED KINGDOM: DEVELOPMENT OF DRIED FODDER PRODUCTION 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/2006 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/2014 2014/2015 53
CONCLUSION 54
CONCLUSION If you are looking for: alfalfa guaranteed not to contain GMOs alfalfa with a by-pass effect alfalfa with demanding contractual standards alfalfa with high-quality production standards European dehydrated alfalfa is for you Animal feed professionals will be your long-term partners 55