Mosaic - Helping the World Grow the Food it Needs Environmental Stewardship - Subrata Bandy
Outline Click to edit Master title style Introduction Energy Water Land Nexus: System Thinking Renewable Energy Life Cycle of a Landfill Mining to finished product Environmental Stewardship Product Stewardship Benchmarking Q&A 2
Nexus System Click Thinking to edit Master title style The nexus approach means system thinking and a quest for integrated solutions to guide decision-making about resource use and development, to minimize externalities and ensure true sustainability. 3
Energy Water Click Land to edit Nexus Master title style Energy, Water, and Land are interdependent Water scarcity, variability, and uncertainty becoming more prominent, leading to vulnerabilities of the energy system Climate, technology, and decision landscape different than in the past Aging infrastructure an opportunity to make changes http://www.energy.gov/seab/downloads/presentation-water-energy-nexus 4
Energy Water Click Land to edit Nexus Master Example title style Biofuel 5
Energy Water Landscape
Global Generation Units with Water Stress - yellow, orange, and red correspond with medium, high, to extremely high stress levels France is particularly vulnerable due to high power sector water dependency from nuclear generation and recurring heat waves.
Global Generation Units with Water Stress - yellow, orange, and red correspond with medium, high, to extremely high stress levels India is highly reliant on inefficient coal-fired generation, and needs to power remaining 1/3rd of population. The country is improving coal-fired power generation efficiency and reclaiming waste water
Global Generation Units with Water Stress - yellow, orange, and red correspond with medium, high, to extremely high stress levels Hydrocarbon rich yet water poor Qatar and Australia increasingly rely on desalinated water for drinking water. Both are moving to power desalination with renewable power and waste heat.
Global Generation Units with Water Stress - yellow, orange, and red correspond with medium, high, to extremely high stress levels Coal-rich but water poor, China is adopting direct and indirect measures to reduce water intensity in coalfired power generation
Climate Change Click to edit Master title style The future of the water-energy nexus must account for increasing temperatures changes in precipitation patterns increasing climate variability more frequent extreme weather events (e.g. floods and droughts) Source: EPA (2013) 11
Water Footprint Click to edit Master title style The water footprint measures the amount of water used to produce each of the goods and services we use. http://waterfootprint.org/en/water-footprint/what-is-water-footprint/ single process, such as growing rice a product, such as a pair of jeans a gallon of fuel we put in our car a multi-national company a specific river basin a country global 12 What is your water footprint? 1552 gpd (US average 2220 gpd)
Hickory Ridge Landfill Life Cycle
Solar Cover 1MW, 224 homes http://www.hdrinc.com/portfolio/hickory-ridge-landfill-solar-energy-cover
Energy Park Click Life Cycle to edit Master title style Recycle center Waste to energy Landfill gas Solar cover Additional revenue Low maintenance Water quality of runoff Landfill mining Re-recyle Fill material Create new volume Additional revenue 15
About us
About us Click to edit Master title style World s largest combined producer of potash and phosphates Publicly traded since 2004 (NYSE: MOS), a Fortune 500 company. 22.2 million tonne capacity Largest producer of finished concentrated phosphates in the world - 11.7 million Tonnes One of the world s largest producers of potash 10.5 million Tonnes 9,000 people in 40 countries around the world Headquarter at Plymouth, MN; largest center of Phosphate operation in Central Florida, and Potash in Saskatchewan, Canada. Growing globally with JV in Saudi Arabia and in Peru, and acquisition in Brazil and Paraguay for distribution network. 17
Mine Water Recirculation System Pebble Process Overview Mine Water Recirculation System Matrix Washer Feed Fine Feed Sizing Coarse Feed Ultra Coarse Feed Field Operations Removed Clay Phosphate Rock Concentrate Flotation Reverse Flotation Tailings Sand Tailings Water and Stormwater Return Clay Settling Area NPDES Discharge To River or Stream Land Reclamation
Draglines Click to edit Master title style Weigh up to 7 million lbs. Boom length up to 325 ft. longer than a football field Empty bucket weighs ~100,000 lbs. and holds up to 65 cubic yards Electrically powered by 7,200 Volts Alternating Current Operated by two employees 19
Dredge Mining Click to edit Master title style Dredge s ladder is suspended underwater down to 90 ft. Rotating cutter frees phosphate from the ore deposit Mines phosphate ore at differing depths New dredges use less fossil fuels, LED lighting and are quieter 20
Mining Process Mining of Matrix Overburden Matrix (phosphate, sand, & clay) Overburden Unmineable (limestone or dense clay) 21
Click to edit Master title style Every drop of water is counted 22
Preserved Areas are Protected Active Mining Sensitive areas are set back from mining activity Separated by a recharge ditch and berm system Protects the hydrology of wetlands near or adjacent to mining operations Floodplain Silt Screen
Clay Settling Areas Clay settling areas act a reservoir and allow mining operations to recycle and reuse water Clay slurry from plant 24 Water return to plant
Water Quality Monitoring Any water releases must meet state and federal regulatory standards Permitted Discharge Structure (Downstream Side) Permitted Discharge Structure (Upstream Side)
Manufacturing Process Air Sulfur Sulfuric Acid Plant Heat Sulfuric Acid Cogeneration Plant Power to our mines and the grid Phos. Rock Phosphate Rock Storage Phosphoric Acid Plant Phosphoric Acid Gypsum Stack Anhydrous Ammonia NH3 Storage Granulation Plant Animal Feed Ingredients Plant Granular Crop Nutrients Merchant Grade Phosphoric Acid Defluorinated Feed Phosphates
Renewable Energy The fertilizer manufacturing process in Florida harnesses steam to generate green, carbonfree energy
Permitting FEDERAL AGENCIES Environmental Protection Agency Fish & Wildlife Service Army Corps of Engineers Multi-year, multi-agency process requires strict environmental standards to protect land, water and wildlife resources FLORIDA AGENCIES Department of Environmental Protection Department of Community Affairs Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission Division of Historical Resources U.S. Fish & Wildlife Florida DEP Florida Fish & Wildlife Florida Division of Historic Resources REGIONAL AGENCY Southwest Florida Water Management District COUNTY APPROVALS Hillsborough Manatee Hardee Polk DeSoto 28 U.S. Army Corps EPA Mine Permitting Water Management District County Gov
Since 1975 All Click Mined to Lands edit Master Are Reclaimed title style Mosaic reclaims all mined lands acre-for-acre and type-for-type Reclaimed according to approved plans: Sand is returned to mine cuts Overburden is contoured Land is vegetated Reclaimed for many uses: Land and lakes Scrub habitats Wetlands Wildlife habitats Forests Residential, agricultural and industrial uses 29
Sand Backfill Reclamation Ensures hydrology will be restored according to planned land use Land is re-vegetated
Reclaimed Streams and Wetlands
Clay Settling Area Reclamation Areas are filled and dried using a ditch system to drain the water Earth movers use overburden from the dam walls to cover and reshape the area Land is re-vegetated Dam Dam
Reclaimed Clay Settling Areas
Land and Lakes Reclamation Mine cuts are shaped into lakes with shallow outer littoral zones for fish spawning Wetlands are planted on edges and surrounding uplands are re-vegetated
Reclaimed Public Parks and Fishing Areas
Development on Formerly Mined Land
Wildlife Stewardship Click to edit Master title style Pioneered wildlife relocation techniques, created prime habitats, and funded wildlife rehab and education programs 2008 FIPR study found almost 300 species of vertebrates utilized Florida reclaimed land Relocated 3,700 gopher tortoises to suitable habitats in the last 5 years 37 37
Wildlife Stewardship Click to edit Master title style Established the largest population of scrub jays in west central Florida Successfully translocated entire colonies of burrowing owls 38 38
Mosaic Water Stewardship
Water Stewardship Click to edit Master title style Secure long term, sustainable water supply Minimize ground water withdrawal Maximize use of alternative water resources Optimize surface water discharge Demonstrate nutrient stewardship Facilitate knowledge sharing 40
Over a span of nearly 40 years, the industry has reduced its GW usage by more than 75 percent.
Regional Water Use Use Type 2001 2002 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Agriculture 318 273 199 298 273 240 291 304 Industrial / Commercial 66 69 51 61 57 57 57 50 Mining / Dewatering 65 47 46 37 45 37 31 24 Public Supply 503 497 562 522 472 492 522 441 Recreation / Aesthetic 32 32 28 37 33 30 33 48 District Total 984 918 886 955 880 857 934 867 Mining/Dewatering - as % of Total 6.6 5.1 5.2 3.9 5.1 4.3 3.3 2.8
Historical Water Use
Permitted Quantities CURRENT (CF facilities not included)
Reclaimed Water Usage at Mosaic Hillsborough County Hardee County
Water Quality - Parameters of Interest Parameter ph Dissolved Oxygen Conductivityᵻ Sulfate Turbidity Total Nitrogen*ᵻ Total Phosphorous*ᵻ Fluoride Un-ionized ammonia Radium, Combined units S.U. mg/l µmhos/cm mg/l ntu mg/l (tons) mg/l (tons) mg/l mg/l pci/l
48 Mosaic is committed to nutrient stewardship and will comply with the newly promulgated NNC.
Nutrients Unlike any other pollutant regulated by CWA Present naturally in aquatic systems Absolutely necessary for proper functioning of biological communities Typically not toxic Effects are site specific, often moderated by many natural factors Broad-based criteria development is more complicated 49
EPA s Proposed Numeric Nutrient Criteria EPA Proposed rule ONE SIZE FITS ALL 50
Image:TFI 4R Nutrient Stewardship
Benchmarking Click to edit Master title style 52
Benchmarking Click to edit Master title style 53
Q&A Click to edit Master title style THANK YOU! Subrata Bandy 13830 Circa Crossing Lithia, Florida 33547 813-500-6564 Subrata.bandy@mosaicco.com 54