How To Start An Open Market For Second Life Batteries In Order To Lower The Costs Of Energy Storage Systems Energy Storage World Forum Oliver Weinmann Vattenfall Europe Innovation GmbH April 28, 2015
Renewable Power Generation Development in Germany Scenario 2011 A Renewable power generation [in TWh/a] Water Photovoltaic Wind onshore Geothermal Wind offshore European network Biomass Goal of the German Government 2025: 40-45% ren. el. 2035: 55-60% ren. el. Total production 2014: 614 TWh (Ren 161 TWh) 2012 2
Volatile wind integration as a challenge for transmission grids Vertical Load, Wind Energy Forecast and Wind Energy Feed-in in East Germany (01-30.06.2013, in MW) Wind Energy Forcast Wind Energy Feed-in Vertical Load 1 2 3 4 01.06. 08.06. 15.06. 22.06. 29.06. 1 Deviation from forecast 2 Calm 3 Gradient 4 Production > Load Source: 50Hertz Transmission 3
In future Production Centralized Flexibility options Consumption 2015 Network Expansion Trade & Industry sector Nuclear Fossile Flex. Power Plants Decentralized Demand Response Transport sector 2030 Power2X Wind Solar Storage Household sector Quelle: Sebastian Gerhard, Vattenfall
Transmission Grid Development Plan (Netzentwicklungsplan) Situation today Lead scenario B 2022 Scenario B 2032 5 Investment needed until 2022: 1.5-2 bn EUR p.a. Source: NEP 2012, www.netzentwicklungsplan.de
Energy Storage Solutions for the Integration of Renewables Pumped Storages Heat Hydrogen Batteries Compressed Air 6
Markets to be addressed for batteries Utility Auxiliary services - Primary control (limited size) - Secondary control - Reactive power - Inertia Progonsis error (renewable feed in) Increased availability of PP Peak shaving/avoid grid extension Industry Optmize energy purchase Peak shaving UPS Compensate flicker Residential Optmize own consumption of renewables (PV) Minimize energy purchase UPS 7
Two Main Possible Use Cases for Utility Applications: Primary Frequency Control and Energy Sale Improvement 4.2 Battery Storages 8
2nd Life Battery projects by Vattenfall 4.2 Battery Storages What is planed? Where? Brief description of the benefits 2MW-Container Huge 2 MW battery storage for Balancing Power Hamburg (2nd Life, in Q1/2016) Battery storage system which is controlled by an in place measure for frequency 2 nd Life Project together with BMW and Bosch WAS 1 Battery storage as a buffer between grid and (fast)charging station In or next to former Hot Module building on the premises of the heating plant HafenCity Battery storage as a buffer between grid and (fast)charging station is supposed to decrease the additional load due to charging processes of E-Cars Perspective a possible secondary use of battery storages should be identified SHC Telekom USV 1 USV 2 Control and marketing of free storage capacities of UPS units in Telekom network nodes First Pilot Plant in Greater Hamburg (not HafenCity) second plant planned for Greater Hamburg Due to the decreased energy demand of Telekominfrastructure the existing battery storages are oversized Free storage capacities can be charged and discharged in a controlled scheme and put on the balancing energy market SHC Bat.-PV-System Installation of Photovoltaicplant and a battery storage to increase the potential personal use Pilot Plant on the premises of the heating plant HafenCity PV-Plant on the roof of premises of heating plant Shifting consumption of PV-production from sunny hours to hours with a high energy consumption (increase personal use from 30% to 50%) Under the assumption of rising electricity prices, the consumer saves with each self-consumed kwh BESIC 2 1. 2.? E-Mobility pilot project in commercial vehicle segment near to offshore wind farms HHLA CTA (Container- Terminal Altenwerder GmbH) Integration of further B-AGV in vehicle fleets ICT-application concepts for energy management und consumer side load management Secondary use of quasi-stationary storage volume Integration of wind turbines into harbor operations 9
Cooperation Vattenfall, BMW & Bosch 4.2 Battery Storages Production of renewable energy Demand for renewable electricity for sustainable E- Mobility After end of operation in the vehicle, continuing use of resources Better grid integration of fluctuating power generation, so further expansion is supported Vattenfall and the BMW Group bundle their competences in the development of sustainable E-Mobility and the intelligent integration of renewable energies into energy markets 10
2nd life vs 1st life Advantages of 2nd life - Cost savings - Benefitting from high volume/high quality purchaser - Life time extension of batteries improvement of life cycle Disadvantages of 2nd life - Remaining battery quality (capacity, lifetime, cycles, etc.) uncertain -> test/certification of vendor - Balance of plant more costly 11
From 1 st to 2 nd Life 4.2 Battery Storages BMW System integrator Vattenfall BMS BMS BMS BMS + Storage cabinet Control cabinet BMS 12
2 nd Life Pilot Project Hamburg Hafencity 4.2 Battery Storages 13
2nd life Pilot Battery Storage in Hamburg Harbour Key figures Power/Capacity: 2MW/1.6MWh Partners: Bosch / BMW Batteries: 52 modules Start operation: Q1 2016 Market: primary frequency control 14
Conclusion Energy system - Renewable share of electricity production will further increase - Volatile feed in from wind and solar will be the dominating source in the future - Need for auxiliary services and storage will increase Batteries - Batteries will play a more significant role in our energy system - Business cases for utility applications today are only in niche markets (eg PFC) - Market rollout needs more business opportunities - 2nd life batteries are an option to reduce cost 15