Production and Utilization of Green Hydrogen. Mathias Mostertz GAFOE Meeting, April 27, PDF Free Download

Production and Utilization of Green Hydrogen Mathias Mostertz GAFOE Meeting, April 27, 2013

Agenda 1. The Linde Group General Overview Clean Energy Technology Biomass Program 2. Utilization of Green Hydrogen Existing markets and applications New and emerging markets and applications 3. Production of Green Hydrogen Glycerine Pyroreforming Biomethane reforming Biomass gasification 4. Conclusion 2

The Linde Group Structured in two main divisions ( 15.3 billion revenue in 2012) Linde Gas Linde Gas Linde Engineering Linde Engineering Linde Gas Linde Engineering (Headquarter Munich, Germany) 3

Clean Energy Technology Biomass Program Overview of different pathways Land-based Biomass / Waste Water-based Biomass Artificial photosynthesis Combustion Anaerobic digestion Pyrolysis/ Torrefaction Gasification Pyroreforming Hydrolysis/ Fractionation Microbial electrolysis Hydrothermal Conversion Excretion Extraction Water splitting CH4 H2 Bio-oil Syngas Lignin Sugars H2 CH4 H2 Bio-oil H2 Purification Shift/Rectisol /PSA Steam boiler SMR Hydrogenati on Upgrade/ Synthesis Fermentation Separation/ Concentration Trans- Esterification Upgrade/ Synthesis Energy: Electricity / Power Heat Platform chemicals Alcohols Syngas (Acetic acid, MeOH) Phenols Bio-ethylene Olefins Drop-in fuels: Gasoline Diesel Jet Other fuels: Hydrogen CH4 (SNG) Ethanol Butanol 4/15/2013 Fußzeile 4

Clean Energy Technology Biomass Program Industrial Gas opportunities CO2 in O2 in CO2 in CH4 out CO2 out H2 out CO2 out CO2 in H2 out H2 out H2 out H2 in H2 out CH4 out H2 out 4/15/2013 Fußzeile 5

Hydrogen Market Existing markets and applications Ca. 500 Mrd. Nm3/yr worldwide ~ 1500 TWh/yr or ~ 300 Mill. Fuel cell vehicles Hydrogen Refineries 31% Chemical Industry 63% Metal Processing 6% liquified after Liquefaction hydrogen <1% Hydrocracking Ammonia 53% (Urea, Fertilizers ) Direct Reduction of Iron Ore Rocket Fuel Hydrotreating Methanol 8% Forming & Blanketing Gas Semiconductor Industry (incl. Photovoltaic) Polymers 2%(Caprolactam, Adipic Acid Nylon) Polyurethanes (MDI and TDI as Precursor) for ) Automotive Fuel Quellen: DOE, Fair-PR Further applications (<1000 Nm 3 /h): glas production, food (hydrogenation of fats), cooling of electric generators Only appr. 5% of produced H 2 is transported 7

Hydrogen Market New and emerging markets and applications Mobility Conditioning (Rectisol, PSA, liquefaction etc.) Logistic Front End: H 2 -filling station Automotive appl. Combustion engine fuel cell thermochemical H 2 generation electrochemical H 2 generation fossile feedstock renewable feedstock wind, hydro or solar power 8

Why Hydrogen as fuel? New and emerging markets and applications Hydrogen offers CO2 reduction potentials Diversification of primary energy sources Zero emissions at the tailpipe Multiple application usages * Especially compared to electricity based transportation..just like batteries 9

Linde s experience Linde s experience Application areas for Hydrogen as fuel and Linde s fuelling experience Today s focus Passenger Cars Public Transport Material Handling Backup Power > 50 stations delivered > 80.000 fuellings > 10 stations delivered > 20.000 fuellings > 10 stations delivered > 300.000 fuellings > 10 units delivered Maritime / ships Aviation H2 Based CHP private homes Portable Applications 2 stations delivered ferry and submarines Supply of pilot projects Market studies Market studies Market studies 10

Decentralization Linde covers the whole value added chain Hydrogen mobility applications Production Supply/Storage Compression/Transfer Dispenser CGH 2 storage Conventional (e.g. SMR) LH 2 storage Ionic compressor 350 bar Onsite SMR 700 bar Green (e.g., BtH*) Onsite Electrolysis Cryo pump * Biomass to Hydrogen 11

total fuelling station capacity [bn m 3 (STP)/yr] Hydrogen Market New and emerging markets and applications Mobility 25% FCEV penetration in 2050 (hydrogen retail network covers 75% of EU29, giving local access to 97% of all cars) 100 80 60 Small Medium Large 40 20 0 2020 2030 2040 2050 Note Small stations have maximum capacity of 400 kg H 2 /day, medium have 1 tonne H 2 /day and large have 2.5 tonnes H 2 /day SOURCE: EU coalition study 12

Production of Green Hydrogen Glycerine Pyroreforming Linde pilot plant in Leuna (1) GL50 steam reformer 2 raw glycerine - tank glycerine - conditioning salts, residues clean glycerine pyrolysis reformer CO - shift PSA Worldwide first plant for green hydrogen production from Glycerine (By-product of biodiesel production) Start of operation: 2011 Capacity: 50 Nm³/h NIP-funding process steam hydrogen Pyro-Reforming Unit Glycerol Purification Unit 14

Production of Green Hydrogen Biomethane reforming Linde steam methane reformer in Leuna low pressure steam DEIONAT heat recovery medium pressure steam process steam condensate biomethane pre conditioning steam reformer tail gas CO shift, cooling PSA product hydrogen H 2 recycle Total biomethane feeding into NG grid, Germany, 2010*: 30,650 m 3 (CH 4, STP)/h (0.27 % of NG consumption Germany) it corresponds roughly to the NG consumption of both Leuna-SMR s Steamreformer I (35.000 Nm 3 /h hydrogen capacity) Steamreformer II (35.000 Nm 3 /h hydrogen capacity) * Biogas monitoring report 2011, Federal Network Agency Germany 16

Production of Green Hydrogen Gasification of solid cellulosic Biomass Multi-feed solid biomass Hybrid biomass gasification Gas processing Process gas Purification unit Purified synthesis gas Heat Biomass H 2 CO CO 2 CH 4 Steam O 2 Applications Goals: Cost competitiveness compared to conventional small SMR Utilization of biomass that is not used for food or feed Versatile, decentralized technology Electricity H 2 Fuel 18

Conclusions High amounts of conventional H 2 are already used in industry today Substitution by green hydrogen helps for reduction of emissions Today the chances/added value for companies consists in strengthening of its green image/perception and saving of CO 2 -certificates A harmonization of the costs can be achieved by further development of the technologies price increase of fossil fuels favorable political conditions and regulations Linde is active on: worldwide first glycerine plant, biomass gasification, biomethane reforming, hydrogen by electrolysis demonstration projects for various H 2 energy platform technologies 20

Thank you very much for your attention! 21

Production and Utilization of Green Hydrogen. Mathias Mostertz GAFOE Meeting, April 27, 2013