GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BRANCH NAME: Mechanical Engineering SUBJECT NAME: Power Plant Engineering SUBJECT CODE: 2171910 B.E. 7 th SEMESTER Type of course: Applied Engineering Prerequisite: Engineering Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer Rationale: The course is designed to give fundamental knowledge of construction and working of various types of thermal power plants i.e. steam turbine, gas turbine, nuclear etc. Teaching and Examination Scheme: Teaching Scheme Credits Examination Marks Total L T P C Theory Marks Practical Marks Marks ESE PA (M) ESE (V) PA (E) PA ALA ESE OEP (I) 4 0 2 6 70 20 10 20 10 20 150 L- Lectures; T- Tutorial/Teacher Guided Student Activity; P- Practical; C- Credit; ESE- End Semester Examination; PA- Progressive Assessment; OEP-Open Ended problem; AL-Active learning; Content: Sr. No. Content 1 Thermal Power Plant: General layout of modern thermal power plant, Site selection, Presents status of power generation in India 2 High Pressure Boilers: (Unique features and advantages of high pressure boilers, La-Mont; Benson; Velox, Loeffler and Schmidt-Hartmann boilers)*, supercritical boilers, Supercharged and fluidized bed combustion, Methods of superheat control, Corrosion in boilers and its prevention 3 Coal and Ash Handling Systems: Coal storage, Burning systems, Types of stokers and their working, Pulverized fuel handling systems, Unit and central systems, Pulverized mills- ball mill, Bowl mill, Ball & race mill, Impact or hammer mill, Pulverized coal burners, Oil burners, Necessity of ash disposal, mechanical; hydraulic; pneumatic and steam jet ash handling system, Dust collection and its disposal, Mechanical dust collector, Electrostatic precipitator 4 Draught System: Natural draught estimation of height of chimney, Maximum discharge condition, Forced; induced and balanced draught, Power requirement by fans 5 Steam Nozzles: Types of nozzles, velocity of steam, discharge through nozzle, critical pressure ratio and condition for maximum discharge, physical significance of critical pressure ratio, nozzle efficiency 6 Steam turbine: (Principle of operation, types of steam turbines, compounding of steam turbines, impulse turbine velocity diagram)*, calculation of work, power and efficiency, condition for maximum efficiency, Reaction turbines velocity diagram, degree of reaction, reheat factor, (governing of steam turbine throttle, nozzle and bypass governing)*, Methods of attachment of blades to turbine rotor, Labyrinth packing, Losses in steam turbine 7 Condensers and Cooling Towers: Types of condensers, sources of air in condenser, Effects of air leakage, Methods of obtaining maximum vacuum in condenser, vacuum & condenser efficiency, Mass of cooling water required, Total Hrs % Weigh tage 2 4 4 7 7 13 3 5 5 9 7 13 6 10
Edward air pump, Necessity of cooling ponds and cooling towers, Condenser water cooling systems, Types of cooling towers and cooling ponds 8 Feed Water Treatment: Necessity of feed water treatment, Different impurities found in feed water, Effect of impurities, ph & its role in corrosion and scale formation, Internal & external water treatment systems Hot lime soda process, Zeolite ion exchange process, Demineralization plants, Reverse osmosis process, Sea water treatment using reverse osmosis, De-aeration 9 Gas turbine: Classification, open and closed cycle, gas turbine fuels, actual Brayton cycle, optimum pressure ratio for maximum thermal efficiency, work ratio, air rate, effect of operating variables on the thermal efficiency and work ratio and air rate, combined steam and gas turbine plant, gas turbine blade cooling 10 Nuclear Power Plant: Nuclear fusion and fission, Chain reaction, Nuclear fuels, Components of nuclear reactor, Classification of reactors, Pressurized water reactor, Boiling water reactor, Gas cooled reactor, CANDU reactor, Fast breeder reactor, Nuclear waste and its disposal, Nuclear power plants in India 11 Jet Propulsion: Turbojet Engine*, thrust, thrust power, propulsive efficiency, thermal efficiency, (Turboprop, Ramjet and Pulsejet engines, Rocket engines)* 12 Economics of Power Generation: Load curves, Load duration curves, Connected load, Maximum load, Peak load, Base load and peak load power plants, Load factor, Plant capacity factor, Plant use factor, Demand factor, Diversity factor, Cost of power plant, Performance and operating characteristics of power plant, Tariff for electric energy * This topic should be covered during laboratory sessions 5 9 8 14 5 9 2 5 4 8 Suggested Specification table with Marks (Theory): Distribution of Theory Marks R Level U Level A Level N Level E Level C Level 7 10 17 18 11 7 Legends: R: Remembrance; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C: Create and above Levels (Revised Bloom s Taxonomy) Note: This specification table shall be treated as a general guideline for students and teachers. The actual distribution of marks in the question paper may vary slightly from above table. Reference Books: 1. Power Plant Engineering, P.K. Nag, McGraw-Hill Education 2. Power Plant Technology, M.M. El-Wakil, McGraw-Hill Education 3. Thermal Engineering, R.K.Rajput, Laxmi Publication 4. Gas Turbines by V Ganeshan, McGraw Hill Education 5. Steam Turbine Theory and Practice, William J. Kearton, CBS Publication Course Outcome: After learning the course the students should be able to: Understand the different power generation methods, its economics and global energy situation Apply the basic thermodynamics and fluid flow principles to different power generation methods Analyze thermodynamic cycles of steam power plant and understand construction, working and significance of its various systems Analyze thermodynamic cycles of gas turbine power plant, nuclear power plant and jet propulsion systems
List of Experiments: (any ten experiments to be performed) 1. Study of Modern Steam Power Plant. 2. Study of Steam Turbines. (Impulse, Reaction and governing). 3. Study of Gas and Steam Turbine Combined Cycles. 4. Study of Nuclear Power Plant. 5. Study of various draught system. 6. Study of different feed water treatment plants. 7. Study of different types of steam nozzle and design a nozzle 8. Comparative study of different types of high pressure boilers 9. Study of Coal and Ash handling system. 10. Study of condenser and cooling tower. 11. Study of Jet Propulsion systems. Design based Problems (DP)/Open Ended Problem: 1. Develop a working draught system. 2. Develop a working model of any water treatment system. 3. Develop a working model of cooling tower. List of Open Source Software/learning website: 1. http://nptel.ac.in/ 2. http://npti.in/default.aspx ACTIVE LEARNING ASSIGNMENTS: Preparation of power-point slides, which include videos, animations, pictures, graphics for better understanding theory and practical work The faculty will allocate chapters/ parts of chapters to groups of students so that the entire syllabus to be covered. The power-point slides should be put up on the web-site of the College/ Institute, along with the names of the students of the group, the name of the faculty, Department and College on the first slide. The best three works should submit to GTU.
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER VII (NEW) - EXAMINATION SUMMER 2017 Subject Code: 2171910 Date: 11/05/2017 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 02.30 PM to 05.00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. Use of steam tables, Mollier chart and calculator is permissible. Q.1 (a) Draw a neat layout of thermal power plant and make a list of site selection criteria for the same. (b) Draw a line diagram of a Benson boiler. State the main difficulties experienced in the La Mont boiler and how it is prevented? Q.2 (a) Discuss requirements of oil burners. With neat sketch explain long flame, turbulent burners and tangential Burners. (b) Enumerate different types of Ash handling system. Explain Pneumatic ash handling system with advantages and disadvantages. (b) State the classification of Draught. Derive an expression for maximum discharge through a chimney. Q.3 (a) State and explain losses in steam turbine. (b) The Data pertaining to an impulse turbine is as : Blade speed = 300 m/s, Isenthalpic enthalpy drop in nozzle = 450 kj/kg, Nozzle efficiency = 90 %, Nozzle angle = 20º, Blade velocity co efficient = 0.85, Blade exit angle = 25º. Calculate for a mass of 1 kg/sec; (1) Inlet angle of moving blades (2) The axial thrust (3) The driving force on the wheel (4) The diagram power (5) The energy lost in blades due to friction (6) Blade efficiency Q.3 (a) Define Fill, Drift and cooling efficiency of cooling tower. Explain the methods for obtaining maximum vacuum in condenser. (b) A reaction turbine runs at 3000 RPM and steam consumption is 18000 kg/hr. The pressure of Steam at a certain pair is 2 bar, its dryness fraction is 0.94 and the power developed by the pair is 52 kw. The discharge blade angle is 20 º for both fix and moving blades and the axial flow velocity is 0.72 times the blade velocity. Find out the drum diameter and blade height. Take the tip leakage steam as 8 %. Neglect the Blade thickness. Q.4 (a) The air at p1 and T1 enters into a gas turbine cycle and compressed to p2 (R = p2/p1) and then heated to temperature T3. The air is expanded into two stages having same pressure ratio in each turbine. The air after expansion in first stage is reheated to T3 before passing to second stage of the turbine. Considering all processes ideal and intermediate pressure, Prove that, 1
Where, T = T3 / T1, K = R m and m = γ -1 / γ Also derive for the maximum specific work output, (b) A gas turbine plant is operated between 1 bar and 9 bar pressures and minimum and maximum cycle temperatures are 25 ºC and 1250 ºC. A compression is carried out in two stages with perfect intercooling. The gases coming out from H.P. turbine are heated to 1250 ºC before entering into L.P. turbine. The expansions in both turbines are arranged in such a way that each stage develops same power. Assuming compressors and turbines isentropic efficiencies as 83 %. (a) Determine the cycle efficiency assuming ideal regenerator. (b) Find the power developed by the cycle in kw if the air flow through the power plant is 16.5 kg/sec. Neglect the mass of fuel. All the components are mounted on a single shaft. Q.4 (a) Describe working of hot sodium zeolite process with neat sketch and chemical reactions. List advantages and disadvantages over ion exchange system. (b) In a closed cycle gas turbine the following data apply, Working substance is air, Cp = 1 kj/kg K and γ = 1.4; Ambient temperature = 27 ºC; Top temperature = 823 ºC; Pressure at compressor inlet = 1 bar; Pressure ratio = 4; Compressor efficiency = 80 %; Turbine efficiency = 85 %; Heating value of fuel = 41800 kj/kg; Heater loss = 10 % of heating value; Neglect mass of fuel. Find the following : (1) Specific Compressor work (2) Heat supplied per kg of air (3) Specific Turbine work (4) Specific Net work output (5) Work ratio (6) Thermal efficiency of cycle Q.5 (a) Derive the condition and then equation of maximum discharge through the nozzle, also write maximum discharge for different condition of steam. (b) Steam is expanded in nozzle from 15 bar and 350 ºC to 1 bar. Find the throat 04 and exit area if flow rate is 1 kg/sec. What should be coefficient of velocity if exit velocity is 1150 m/sec? (c) Explain the principle of jet and rocket propulsion with neat sketch. 03 Q.5 (a) Explain with neat sketch construction and working of CANDU type reactor. (b) The maximum load on thermal power plant of 70 MW capacity is 55 MW at an 04 annual load factor of 60 %. The Coal consumption is 0.96 kg per unit of energy generated and the cost of coal is Rs. 2 per kg. Find the annual revenue earned if the electric energy is sold at Rs. 2.5 per kwh. (c) Explain Demand Factor, Diversity Factor and Plant Capacity Factor. 03 ************* 2
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER VII(NEW) EXAMINATION WINTER 2016 Subject Code:2171910 Date:01/12/2016 Subject Name:Power Plant Engineering Time: 10.30 AM to 1.00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. Use of steam table and Mollier chart are allowed. Q.1 (a) Explain working of Bowl pulverizing mill with neat sketch. (b) A 200 MW thermal power plant has peak load of 130 MW. The power station supplies load to four town having their maximum demand of 30 MW, 40 MW, 25 MW and 45 MW. The annual load factor is 65%. Find: (i) Average load on the plant (ii) Energy supplied per year (iii) Diversity factor (iv) Demand factor (v) Plant capacity factor. Q.2 (a) Explain pressure-velocity compounding of impulse turbine with diagram. (b) (i) Draw general layout of modern thermal power plant. 04 (ii) State desirable to control the super heat temperature. Explain desuperheater 03 method. (b) Explain working of Schmidt-Hartmann boiler with neat sketch. Q.3 (a) Define critical pressure. Derive P 2 = ( 2 n ) ; where P2 is throat pressure, P1 is inlet pressure and n is P 1 n+1 the index of isentropic expansion of steam through the nozzle. (b) The pressure and temperature of steam entering the nozzle are 12 bar and 200 0 C and steam leave the nozzle at 1 bar. The diameter of the nozzle at throat is 10 mm. Calculate the mass flow rate of steam in a nozzle and which type of nozzle is required? Q.3 (a) Steam issues from the nozzles at angle of 18 0 at a velocity of 450 m/sec. the friction factor is 0.88. For a single stage turbine designed for maximum efficiency, determine (i) Blade velocity (ii) Moving blade angles for equi-angular blades (iii) blade efficiency (iv) stage efficiency if the nozzle efficiency is 95% (v) Power developed for a mass flow rate of steam of 4 kg/sec. (b) Distinguish between force draught and induced draught. 03 (c) Explain Unit pulverized coal handling system with neat sketch. 04 Q.4 (a) In a condenser, vacuum reads 716 mm of Hg while barometer reads 756 mm of Hg. The temperature of condensate is 25 0 C. Determine (i) The pressure of the steam and air (ii) Mass of air per kg of steam (iii) The vacuum efficiency. (b) Explain Zeolite ion exchange process for feed water treatment plant. Q.4 (a) A gas turbine operates on Brayton cycle. The temperature range is 1050 K and 288 K. Find pressure ratio for maximum power output. Also determine thermal efficiency, work ratio and power output, if the mass flow rate of air is 20 kg/sec. Take Cp = 1.005 kj/kg K and ϒ = 1.4 for compression and expansion process. (b) Explain the parameters affected on work ratio in gas turbine power plant. 1
Q.5 (a) List the nuclear reactors. Explain working of Pressurized water reactor. (b) Explain construction and working of Turbojet. Q.5 (a) Define blade efficiency and derive an expression for maximum blade efficiency for single stage impulse steam turbine. (b) Derive an expression for air standard efficiency of ideal Bryton cycle in terms of pressure ratio. State the assumption made. 2
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER V (OLD) - EXAMINATION SUMMER 2017 Subject Code: 151904 Date: 27/04/2017 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 02:30 PM to 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Use of Steam Table is permitted. Q.1 (a) Draw general layout of modern thermal power plant and label major components. Explain its main four circuits in brief. (b) Explain with neat sketch construction and working of Loeffler boiler. Q.2 (a) Explain construction and working of Electrostatic precipitator with neat sketch. (b) Explain unique features and give advantages of high pressure boilers. (b) Explain working of two pass flow surface condenser with neat sketch. Q.3 (a) Name pulverized coal burners. Explain anyone in detail with neat sketch. (b) Explain with neat sketch Diesel power plant. Explain function of each system in brief. Q.3 (a) Derive expression for chimney height in terms of air and flue gas temperature and air-fuel ratio. (b) A draught of 20mm of water column each produce in 33m high chimney. The air and flue gas temperatures are 300K and 650K. Coal used is 2000Kg/hour. Find (1) quantity of air supplied per Kg of coal (2) The draught in terms of column of hot gases. Q.4 (a) Steam enters in condenser at 308K. The condenser vacuum is 70cm of Hg when barometer reads 75.5cm of Hg. Find (1) Vacuum efficiency (2) mass of air per Kg of steam present in condenser. (b) Compare mechanical draught cooling tower with natural cooling tower. Q.4 (a) Explain working of CANDU reactor with neat sketch. (b) List Nuclear power plants in India with capacity. Give advantages and disadvantages of Nuclear power plant. Q.5 (a) Define the following terms (1) Average load (2) Load factor (3) Use factor (4) Demand factor (5) Diversity factor (6) Utilization factor (7) Plant capacity factor (b) Explain pneumatic ash handling system with neat sketch. Give its advantages and disadvantages. Q.5 (a) List different impurities found in feed water and give their effects on performance of thermal power plant. (b) Explain effect of different pollutants on human health by thermal power plants. ************* 1
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER V- EXAMINATION SUMMER 2016 Subject Code: 151904 Date: 06/05/2016 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 02:30 PM to 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. Use of steam table is allowed. Q.1 (a) (i) Draw general layout of modern thermal power plant with usual notation. 05 (ii) Explain any six factors considered in selecting a site for big thermal power 03 plant. (b) Draw a line diagram of a benson boiler. State the main difficulties experienced in the La Mont boiler and how it is prevented? 06 Q.2 (a) State requirements of good ash handling plant and explain the working of Electrostatic Precipitator with neat sketch (b) (i) Explain any two method of controlling temperature of super heated steam. 04 (ii) Differentiate between Superheater, Reheater and air Preheater. 03 (b) Steam with dryness fraction of 0.85 enter in surface condenser at an pressure of 0.013 Mpa and comes out as a water at 50 C.Cooling water enters at 30 C and leaves at 45 C. Estimate quantity of circulating water and efficiency. Q.3 (a) Derive an expression for chimney height in order to obtain a draught of h mm of water column if the boiler used m kg of air/kg of fuel. Assume, surrounding air temperature as T a and flue gas temperature as T g in degree absolute. Also derive an expression for the condition of maximum discharge of flue gases through a chimney. (b) Compare (i) Jet condenser with Surface condenser. (ii) Natural draught cooling tower and Mechanical draught cooling tower Q.3 (a) Describe Ball and Race mill with its diagram. State its merits and demerits (b) (i) A chimney is 28 meter high and temperature of hot gases inside the 04 chimney is 320 C. The temperature of outside air is 27 C and furnace is supplied with 15 kg of air per kg of coal burnt. Calculate 1. Draught in mm of water 2. Draught height in meters of hot gases (ii) Explain any one cooling pond with neat sketch. 03 Q.4 (a) Explain necessity of feed water treatment. What are the major impurities present in feed water? Explain in brief. (b) State the objective of a lubrication system. Explain working with a schematic of dry sump lubrication system. Differentiate between wet sum and dry sump lubrication system. Q.4 (a) With neat sketch explain engine lubrication system of typical diesel power plant. 04 03 (b) What is the importance of term ph value of water in feed water and explain sodium zeolite water treatment with neat sketch. 1
Q.5 (a) Explain with neat sketch construction of CANDU type reactor along with its merit and demerits. (b) (i) Define following terms: 04 Connected load, Average demand, Diversity factor, Utilization factor (ii) Discuss bad effect of acid rains. 03 Q.5 (a) Explain with neat sketch Boiling Water reactor. (b) The annual peak load on 30 MW power station is 25 MW. The power station supplies load having maximum demand of 10 MW, 8.5 MW, 5 MW and 4.5 MW. The annual load factor is 0.45. Calculate: 1. Average load 2. Energy supplied per year 3. Diversity factor 4. Demand factor ************* 2
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER V EXAMINATION WINTER 2015 Subject Code: 151904 Date:05/12/2015 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 10:30am to 1:00pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. Q.1 (a) What factors should be taken into consideration while selecting the site for steam power plant? (b) What is the function of super-heaters? Sketch and explain different super heaters briefly. Q.2 (a) Draw line diagram of Velox boiler. Indicate all part of it. How it different from the other type of high pressure boiler? (b) Explain any two from the following boiler accessories with neat sketch. (i) Air-preheater (ii) Economizer (iii) Re-heaters. (b) Describe a neat line diagram of in-plant coal handling system and explain the equipment used at different stage. Q.3 (a) Classify pulverized mill used in modern power plant. Explain any one with neat sketch. (b) Write short note on Electrostatic precipitator. Q.3 (a) Determine the height and diameter of the chimney used to produce a draught for a boiler which has an average coal consumption of 1800 kg/hr and flue gases formed per kg of coal fired are 14 kg. The pressure losses through the system are given below. Pressure loss in fuel bed = 7 mm of water, pressure loss in boiler flues = 7 mm of water, pressure loss in bends = 3 mm of water, pressure loss in chimney = 3 mm of water. Pressure head equivalent to velocity of flue gases passing through the chimney = 1.3 mm of water. The temperature of ambient air and flue gases are 35 0 C and 310 0 C respectively. Assume actual draught is 80% of theoretical. (b) Classify the condensers. Explain any one surface type condensers with neat sketch. Q.4 (a) Explain diesel engine various starting system briefly. (b) Classify the diesel engine lubrication system. Explain any one with neat sketch. Q.4 (a) What do you mean by CANDU reactor? Explain working and construction of CANDU reactor with neat sketch. (b) Describe Nuclear fuel briefly. Explain nuclear waste and its disposal methods. Q.5 (a) Explain in detail Reverse Osmosis process for water treatment. (b) Why cooling towers used in steam power plant? Compare forced draught cooling tower to induced draught cooling tower in detail. Q.5 (a) How steam power plant pollute air? What are the effects of this pollution on human health? (b) The peak load on a 50 MW power station is 39 MW. It supplies power through 1
four transformers whose connected loads are 17, 12, 9 and 10 MW. The maximum demands on these transformers are 15, 10, 8, and 9 MW respectively. if the annual load factor is 50% and plant is operating for 65% of the period in a year, find out the following: (i) Average load on the station (ii) Energy supplied per year (iii) Demand factor (iv) Diversity factor (v) Power Station use load. ************* 2
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER V EXAMINATION SUMMER 2015 Subject Code: 151904 Date: /05/2015 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 02.30pm-05.00pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. Q.1 (a) Draw a neat layout of thermal power plant and make a list of site selection criteria for the same. (b) (i) Define base load, average load and peak load for a power plant. 03 (ii)daily load of power generation plant is given in following table. 04 Time 12 AM to 6 AM 6 AM to 8 AM 8 AM to 12PM 12 PM to 2 PM Load (MW) 1270 1850 3800 2000 Time 2 PM to 4 PM 4 PM to 6 PM 6 PM to 8 PM 8 PM to 12 PM Load (MW) 3200 3900 3200 2800 Solve the following: I Draw load curve II Calculate average load and load factor for maximum demand of 5000 MW. Q.2 (a) Draw a neat sketch of once through drum less boiler. What are its advantages over conventional high pressure boilers? (b) Explain working principal of fluidized bed boiler with necessary diagram. How Sulfur and Nitrogen emissions are controlled in fluidized bed boiler. (b) Why temperature of steam needs to be controlled in thermal power plant? Name different methods to control the temperature of steam and explain any two in detail. Q.3 (a) Classify stokers and explain any one overfeed stoker with necessary diagram. (b) Make a list of advantages of pulverized coal firing system and explain any one mill in detail. Q.3 (a) Prove the following: Maximum discharge through chimney occurs when (b) Where T g and T a are gas and air temperature respectively and m a is mass of air. How impure water affects the boiler. Explain any one method to purify the water. Q.4 (a) (i)why vacuum is required in condenser? Make a list of different methods to 03 achieve it. (ii) Classify cooling tower based on location of fan in it. Explain terms drift, fill 04 and make up water with respect to cooling tower. (b) State application of Diesel power plant. Explain any two systems of Diesel power plant in detail. Q.4 (a) (i) What is de-aerator in thermal power plant? 03 (ii) Explain most common method to purify water in thermal power plant. 04 1
(b) Give comparison for the following with respect to Diesel power plant. (i) Dry sump lubrication and wet sump lubrication (ii) Air cooling and water cooling Q.5 (a) Explain with neat sketch boiling water reactor. (b) Define the following for Nuclear power plant (i) Moderator (ii) Control rod (iii) Shield Q.5 (a) Explain nuclear fusion and fission process. Make a list of nuclear power plants of India. (b) Name major pollutants of thermal power plants and their effects on environment and mankind. ************* 2
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER V EXAMINATION WINTER 2014 Subject Code: 151904 Date: 01-12-2014 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Use of steam table is permitted. Q.1 (a) Draw general layout of modern steam power plant label major components and state the function of each component. (b) Explain with neat sketch construction and working of Lamont Boiler Q.2 (a) Explain types of Super heater and state the various methods used for controlling the superheat temperature of steam. (b) Write short note on : "Bowl mill for coal pulverization (b) Explain the working of electrostatic precipitator with neat sketch. Q.3 (a) Explain the function of following in combustion of fuel. 1. Hot primary air 2. Secondary air 3.Teritary air (b) Draught produced by chimney is 3 cm of water column. Temperature of flue gas is 310º C and ambient temperature is 35ºC. The flue gases formed per kg of fuel burnt is 25 kg. Neglect the losses and take the diameter of chimney as 2.0 meter. Calculate 1. Height of chimney in meter 2. Mass of flue gas flowing through the chimney in kg/min Q.3 (a) Comparison between Mechanical draught cooling tower and Natural cooling tower. (b) Steam enters the condenser at 37º C. The condenser vacuum is 70 cm of mercury when the barometer reads 75 cm of mercury. Determine 1. Vacuum efficiency 2. Mass of air per kg of steam present in condenser Q.4 (a) Discuss the methods of meeting variable loads on power plant. (b) The annual peak load on 40 MW power station is 35 MW. The power station supplies load having maximum demand of 14 MW, 10 MW, 8 MW and 6 MW. The annual load factor is 0.44. Calculate 1. Average load 2. Energy supplied per year 3. Diversity factor 4. Demand factor Q.4 (a) State advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power plant. (b) Explain with neat sketch Boiling Water Reactor Q.5 (a) Explain with neat sketch arrangement of diesel power plant explain in brief function of each system. (b) What are the different methods of cooling diesel engine? Compare different methods. 1
Q.5 (a) Explain the effects of impurities in boiler feed water (b) With neat sketch discuss : Hot lime soda process ************* 2
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER V EXAMINATION SUMMER 2014 Subject Code: 151904 Date: 17-06-2014 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. Q.1 (a) Explain with neat sketch, construction and working of La Mont Boiler. (b) Draw a steam power plant and discuss its advantages. Q.2 (a) State general lay of modern steam power plant label major component and state function of each component. (b) Calculate the cost of generation per kwhr for a power station having following data: Installed capacity of plant =200MW; Capital cost=rs400; crores Rate of interest and depreciation =12% Annual cost of fuel, salaries and taxation=rs 5 crores; Load factor=50%. Also estimate the saving in cost per KWhr if annual factor is raised to 60%. (b) Explain the constructional difference between Low pressure and High pressure boiler Q.3 (a) What are the reasons of corrosion in a boiler and how it is control? (b) Derive an expression for maximum discharge through a chimney. Q.3 (a) Draw and explain diesel engine power plant. (b) Explain the working of Electrostatic precipitator with neat sketch. Q.4 (a) Explain with neat sketch construction and working of CANDU type reactor. (b) Discuss bad effects of acid rains. How acid rains are controlled? Q.4 (a) Write short note on sodium zeolite ion exchange process. (b) Differentiate between Jet and Surface condensers. Q.5 (a) Explain seawater treatment using reverse osmosis process. (b) Give the comparison between the following: (i) Nuclear power plant and thermal power plant (ii) Diesel power plant and thermal power plant Q.5 (a) What are fission fragment and fission product? Explain Fission Reaction with an example. (b) With neat sketch explain Pneumatic ash handling system. List its advantages and disadvantages. ************* 1
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER V EXAMINATION WINTER 2013 Subject Code: 151904 Date: 02-12-2013 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. Q.1 (a) Draw general layout of modern steam power plant, label major components and state functions of each component. (b) Explain with neat sketch, construction and working of La Mont Boiler. Q.2 (a) Write a brief note on present status of power generation in India. (b) Explain with neat sketch construction and working of Benson Boiler. (b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of Pulverized coal firing Q.3 (a) What are the reasons of corrosion in a boiler and how it is control? (b) Write a short note on Electrostatic Precipitator. Q.3 (a) Derive an expression for chimney height in order to obtain a draught of h mm of water column if the boiler used m kg of air / kg of fuel. Assume, surrounding air temperature as T a and flue gas temperature as T g in degree absolute. Also derive an expression for the condition of maximum discharge of flue gases through a chimney. (b) Find the minimum height of the chimney required to produce a draught of 16 mm of H 2 O, if 19 kg of air is required / kg of fuel burnt on the grate. The mean temperature of flue gases inside the chimney is 330 C and the atmospheric temperature is 30 C. Q.4 (a) Classify the steam condensers and describe the methods of obtaining maximum vacuum in condenser. (b) Differentiate between Jet and Surface condensers. Q.4 (a) List different impurities found in feed water and their effects on performance of thermal power plant. (b) Explain with neat sketch, arrangement of a Diesel power plant; explain in brief function of each system. Q.5 (a) Define the following terms: (i) Connected load, (ii) Maximum demand, (iii) Average demand, (iv) Load factor, (v) Diversity factor, (vi) Utilization factor, (vii) Plant capacity factor. (b) Compare the following: (i) Nuclear power plant and thermal power plant (ii) Diesel power plant and thermal power plant Q.5 (a) Write a brief note on: (i) Effect of different pollutants on human health by thermal power plants, (ii) Water pollution by thermal power plants and its control. (b) Write short notes on : (i) Fast breeder reactor (ii) Problems in disposal of nuclear waste. ************* 1
Seat No.: Enrolment No. GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER V EXAMINATION SUMMER 2013 Subject Code: 151904 Date: 20-05-2013 Subject Name: Power Plant Engineering Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. Q.1 (a) Draw a neat named general layout of modern thermal power plant. State the function of feed water heaters, economizer, deaerator, steam turbine and electric generator. (b) Dry steam is condensed at a rate of 7000 kg/h and the air leakage amounts to 14 kg/h.the air pump suction is screened off. The exhaust steam temperature is 32 C.The condensate temperature is 30 C and the temperature at the air pump suction is 25 C.Determine (i) the volume of air handled by the pump, (ii) the mass of steam condensed in the air cooler section per hour, and (iii) the mass of water vapour carried away by air. Q.2 (a) Explain Loeffler boiler with a schematic. State the difficulty experienced in La-Mont and Benson boiler. How is it solved? Mention its advantages. (b) (i)name different methods of controlling the superheat temperature of steam. Explain the operation of spray type attemperator. (ii)explain diversity factor and its importance. (b) A 12 MW capacity power plant has the input-output curve defined by the equation, I=5 10 6 (10+8L+0.4L 2 ) kj/h Where L is in MW. Find: (i) Load at which the plant has its maximum efficiency and its value (ii) Increase in input required to increase the output from 4MW to 6MW by using the input-output equation and also by incremental rate curve. 04 03 Q.3 (a) Explain Ball and Race mill with a schematic. State its merits and demerits. (b) Explain cyclone burner with a schematic. State its merits and demerits. Q.3 (a) What do you understand by nuclear fission? Give the functions and materials used for following components of nuclear reactor: Moderator, reflector, control rod, coolant, thermal shield. (b) Explain with neat sketch construction and working of CANDU type reactor. Q.4 (a) State the functions of engine cooling system. Explain with a neat schematic the working of a thermostat cooling system. (b) State the functions of lubrication system in diesel power plant. Explain with neat sketch full pressure lubrication system for diesel power plant. Q.4 (a) Discuss bad effects of acid rains. How acid rains are controlled? (b) Write requirements of a good ash handling system. Explain with a schematic pneumatic ash handling system. 1/2
Q.5 (a) Discuss the merits and demerits of mechanical draught over natural draught system. (b) Explain seawater treatment using reverse osmosis process. Q.5 (a) Discuss about different impurities found in feed water. (b) Forced draught fan discharges 1500 m 3 of air per minute through the outlet of 1.7 m diameter and maintains a static pressure of 110 mm.of water. The temperature of air is 25 C. The density of air at NTP is 1.293 kg/ m 3.Calculate power of motor to drive the FD fan if efficiency of fan is 70%. ************* 2/2