ISO 45001 OH&SMS Charles Corrie Secretary to ISO/PC 283
History In 1979 the British Standards Institution (BSI) published BS 5750, which became the basis for ISO 9001; In 1992 BSI published BS 7750, which became the basis for ISO 14001; However, in 1992 there was no agreement in the UK to proceed with BS 8750 for OH&S, and instead a guidance standard BS 8800 was produced in 1996.
History In 1996 ISO held a workshop that decided against starting work on OH&S MSS; In 1997 there were discussions between ISO and the International Labour Organization (ILO) about the development of a guidance standard on OH&SMS; BSI proposed this should be based on BS 8800, but this was opposed by the ILO. The following ballot was not approved due to the level of negative votes supporting the ILO (29 votes in favour, with 20 against); The OHSAS Project Group was established in 1998 and produced OHSAS 18001 in 1999.
History In 2001 the ILO published its ILO-OSH Guidelines; In 2004 BS 8800 was revised. In 2005 ISO invited BSI to submit it as a new work item proposal, but requested that BSI discuss it with the ILO first; After much delay, in 2007 the ILO rejected the proposal; ISO conducted a survey, which showed only 60:40 support for such a project, so decided again not to proceed; The OHSAS Project Group published the 2007 edition of OHSAS 18001.
History By 2011, the certificates data for OHSAS 18001 showed that there were more than 90000 certificates in 127 countries; In 2012 BSI agreed to support a proposal from the OHSAS Project Group to ISO for the development of ISO 45001; The ILO opposed this project, but it was approved; ISO s Project Committee ISO/PC 283 was established in 2013; The ILO was given a special liaison status in the work.
Key perspectives This new standard is being developed to: Help organizations minimize the risk of harm to all those working under their control; Provide a platform for continual improvement in occupational health and safety performance; Integrate OH&S within an organization s overall business management system; Be aligned with other ISO MSS, particularly ISO 14001.
Benefits for users The evidence shows that users of formal OH&SMS benefit from: Improving their ability to respond to regulatory compliance issues; Reducing the overall costs of incidents; Reducing downtime and the costs of disruption to operations; Reducing the cost of insurance premiums; Reducing absenteeism and employee turnover rates; Recognition for having achieved an international benchmark (which may in turn influence customers who are concerned about their social responsibilities).
Main focus The draft standard puts emphasis on: Top management : - Being accountable for OH&S management; - Needing to demonstrate leadership; Worker participation in: - The identification of hazards and risks; -The development and operation of the OH&S management system, and indicates these are essential for success.
Main focus The draft standard puts emphasis on: The need to prevent ill-health (including mental ill-health), as well as injuries; The need to recognize that the causes of ill-health and injuries can be through with: Immediate impacts (e.g. accidents or epidemics); Longer term impacts (such as repeated exposure to radiation or carcinogenic chemicals, or to a constantly stressful working environment).
High level structure A new common format has been developed by ISO for use in all its management system standards, and is being used by ISO 45001. This is often referred to as Annex SL or the High Level Structure, and gives: a common top level clause structure (or sequence) standardized core text standardized core definitions It is intended to enable organizations to achieve easier implementation and better integration of multiple management systems (e.g. quality, environmental, information security) The high level structure and common text is public information and can be found in Annex SL of the ISO Supplement to the ISO/IEC Directives Part 1, see: www.iso.org/directives
Structure of ISO 45001 1 Scope (yellow text is from the High Level Structure) 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Context of the organization 4.1 Understanding the organization and its context 4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of workers and other interested parties 4.3 Determining the scope of OH&S management system 4.4 OH&S management system and its processes 5 Leadership and worker participation 5.1 Leadership and commitment 5.2 Policy 5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities 5.4 Consultation and participation 6 Planning 6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities 6.2 OH&S objectives and planning to achieve them
Structure of ISO 45001 7 Support 8 Operation 7.1 Resources 7.2 Competence 7.3 Awareness 7.4 Communication 7.5 Documented information 8.1 Operational planning and control 8.1.1 General 8.1.2 Eliminating hazards and reducing OH&S risks 8.1.3 Management of change 8.1.4 Outsourcing 8.1.5 Procurement 8.1.6 Contractors 8.2 Emergency preparedness and response
Structure of ISO 45001 9 Performance evaluation 10 Improvement 9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation 9.2 Internal audit 9.3 Management review 10.1 General 10.2 Incident, non-conformity and corrective action 10.3 Continual improvement Annex A - Guidance on using ISO 45001
Structure of ISO 45001 (The numbers given in brackets refer to the clause numbers in ISO 45001)
Development issues Legal compliance The ILO and some NSBs are demanding that the standard requires compliance with legal requirements; ISO C/S has rejected this, on the basis that legal compliance is an expectation with all standards, which are in any case used voluntarily; Note also, ISO/IEC 17021-1 for certification bodies states that their assessments shall not be used for evaluating legal compliance.
Development issues Legal and other requirements ISO 19600 Compliance obligations has been published; ISO 14001:2015 now uses the term compliance obligations ; ISO 45001 is using legal requirements and other requirements (as per ISO 14001:2004).
Development issues Risk OH&S management traditionally uses a risk-based approach to evaluate and address the risk of harm; ISO s (Annex SL) format for management system standards now requires organizations to also consider the risk that the OH&S management system itself may not be effective, and to look for opportunities for improvement; The requirements for risks and opportunities in Annex SL clause 6.1 have been adapted in ISO 45001 for both OH&S hazards and for the OH&S management system itself.
Development issues Risk continued ISO/DIS 45001.2 uses the terms: - OH&S risk and OH&S opportunities when it is referring specifically to the control of hazards; - Risk and opportunities when referring to the OH&S management system.
Development issues Risk continued ISO/DIS 45001.2 uses the following Hierarchy of controls : a) Eliminate the hazard; b) Substitute with less hazardous materials, processes, operations or equipment; c) Use engineering controls; d) Use administrative controls including safety signs, markings, warning devices and safe system of work; e) Use personal protective equipment
Development issues People The focus of OHSAS 18001 and ISO 14001 is people working for or on behalf of the organization. OHSAS 18001 referred specifically to workers as necessary. The ILO and some NSBs demanded this be changed to just workers. Initially they failed to recognize that the standard has to apply to managers, directors etc., as well as workers. By continuing to refer to workers, it is causing confusion when reference is made manager/ worker negotiations and to provisions for contractors.
Development issues People 2 There are issues with people not directly employed by the organization and how they should be treated by the system, e.g.: Contractors Visitors Customers Neighbours occupational. Organizations may have a duty of care towards such people, but this is not
Development issues Workplace Many people perform activities on behalf of their organization that are in locations that are not under the control of the organization, e.g. visiting customers, attending conferences, or travelling to them. How can their safety be ensured? How can the workplace be defined?
Development issues Consultation and Participation The ILO and some NSBs are demanding that the workers, and their (union) appointed representatives, be given full rights to participate in every aspect of the OH&SMS; Initially they failed to recognize that many Small Enterprises do not have representatives.
Development issues Occupational disease The draft currently seeks to prevent ill health ; The ILO and some NSBs are demanding that the standard also requires prevention of occupational disease.
Development issues Wellness/ wellbeing OHSAS 18001 states it explicitly does not address wellness or wellbeing initiatives (e.g. trying to stop people smoking or drinking, or encouraging them to eat less and do more exercise); The ISO 45001 draft now says it does not address these issues, but that an organization s OH&SMS can be used to cover them.
Development issues Training versus Competence The ILO and some NSBs have tried to make the provision of training mandatory for organizations in many places in the draft; This fails to recognize that management system standards moved their focus from training to competence 15 years ago, as training does not guarantee competence.
Development issues Outsourcing Some countries are extremely concerned that outsourcing is an easy way for companies to substitute full time employees by cheap labour. They have raised issues against both the ISO 45001 text and the Annex SL text on outsourcing.
Development issues The right of workers to refuse dangerous work The draft allows workers to refuse to do dangerous work, and also requires mechanisms to allow workers to report safety issues to responsible authorities (whistleblowing), without suffering any consequences.
Development issues No reference to behaviour The draft makes no reference to a worker s behaviour, whereas the definition of hazard in OHSAS 18001 referred to act ; The ILO has stated publicly that this would result in workers being blamed.
ISO 45001 development process Stage Timeline New Work item proposal Agreed June 2013 Working Draft Issued January 2014. Received c. 1300 comments suggesting improvements. Committee Draft Issued July 2014. Not approved. Received c. 2500 comments. 2 nd Committee Draft Issued March 2015. Approved June 2015. Received c. 2500 comments Draft International Standard Issued February 2016 Not approved Received c. 3000 comments
ISO 45001 development process Stage Timeline 2 nd Draft International Standard To be issued 19 May 2017 (Optional) Final Draft To be determined International Standard Publication To be determined
ISO 45001 development process ISO/PC 283 initially agreed a 3 year development timeframe for ISO 45001; This targeted publication of ISO 45001 was for October 2016, but this has had to be extended; If the second DIS is approved, then: 1) If the PC is able to complete the review of comments at its meeting planned for September, and no FDIS is needed, then following editing and translation, the standard could be published before the end of 2017
ISO 45001 development process If the second DIS is approved, then: 2) If the PC is able to complete the review of comments at its meeting planned for September, and an FDIS is needed, then following editing and translation, the FDIS would have to be balloted during December to February and the standard could be published around March/April 2018; 3) if the PC is not able to complete the review of comments in September, and a further meeting is required, it will delay both options 1) and 2) by several months.
ISO 45001 development process If the second DIS is not approved, then ISO/PC 283 will have to decide: 1) To seek exceptional permission from the ISO Technical Management Board to continue the project beyond the maximum deadline for standardization projects (4 years and 9 months) and to issue another DIS OR 2) To publish the document as a Technical Specification
Transition from OHSAS 18001 The OHSAS Project Group will be developing Migration planning advice on moving from using OHSAS 18001 to ISO 45001; It will be recommending a 3 year migration period for any accredited certification; The migration planning is more complex than for ISO 9001 or ISO 14001, as some countries have adopted OHSAS 18001 in their legal requirements
Obrigado pela Vossa atenção Charles Corrie charles.corrie@bsigroup.com