IJISET - International Journal Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 3 Issue 8, August 216 ISSN (Online) 2348 7968 Impact Factor (215) - 4.332 To Study the Flexural, Tensile and Compressive Strength Reinforced Concrete by Adding & Steel Fibers in Different Proportions Nitin Verma 1, Dr. A.K. Jain 2 1 M.tech Research Scholar, Construction Technology & Management, National Institute Technical Teachers Training & Research, Bhopal, (M.P) India 2 Prssor and Head Department Civil & Environmental Engineering, National Institute Technical Teachers Training & Research, Bhopal (M.P) (under Ministry Human Resource Development, Govt. India) Email Addresses: nitingr.verma@gmail.com 1, akjain@nitttrbpl.ac.in 2 Abstract When different type fibers are added to to make it a composite mass and it gives maximum to that type is known as hybrid reinforced (HFRC). In this experimental work crimped steel fiber length 45mm with aspect ratio 5 and alkali resistance glass fiber length 12mm with aspect ratio 857.14 with different mix proportion have been used along with 53 grade ordinary Portland. M2 grade with.2%,.25%,.4%, &.45%, proportions glass fibers and.3%,.35%,.5%, &.55% proportions steel fibers have been added with. Variations in flexural, spilt tensile and compressive have been compared with M2 grade. Results indicate that & steel fibers ratio.3% &.5% gives maximum results in all the parameters compare to other different proportions ratio after 7 and 28 days curing curing. Keywords: Crimped Steel and Alkali Resistance Fibers, Flexural Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Compressive Strength 1. Introduction Construction industry plays an important role for the construction buildings, bridges, tunnels and also for developing infrastructures. Concrete is a most commonly used construction material. The utilization or based material is quite ancient. With the passage time the significance has grown and the limitation have been gradually cut, making the more durable and with a higher performance. A very important development that took place in the history was the use reinforced bars in for structural elements. This technique was quite efficient in terms resisting the macro cracks in and in imparting bending in flexural members. The reason was to somehow affect the low tensile by strategically placing the bars. However, as a material remained weak in tension and brittle. To improve the tensile, fiber reinfor was added. The introduction Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is an important achievement in technology. While the use straws in bricks and hair in mortar predates the use conventional Portland, the use advanced fibers in has provided important opportunities. The use FRC has increased over the last thirty years. Fibers are added to improve the the and also they are added to enhance the post crack behavior. In FRC, cracks are tied by fibers restrain their growth and providing post crack ductility. Fiber as reinfor is effective in binding cracks at both micro and macro levels. When a matrix is reinforced due to short fibers, the following improvement can be seen: Strengthening the matrix Fiber bonding and frictional pullout Binding fibers across the cracks and crack face stiffness Increase in the flexural, spilt tensile and compressive. Fiber Reinforced Concrete can be used for various applications. fibers can be used in thin sheet element production and steel fibers in pavements, tunnels and in variety other constructions. In recent years, researchers have realized the benefits combining fibers, in term obtaining synergy and improving the response composite material. A composite can be referred to as hybrid, if two or more types fibers are reasonably combined to produce a composite mass. 2. Materials and Methods Cement: In this experiment 53 grade ordinary Portland (OPC) with brand name Ultratech is used for all mixes. The physical properties used are as given in Table.1. 843
IJISET - International Journal Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 3 Issue 8, August 216 Table: 1 Physical Properties Cement S.No. Properties Value IS Specification and Test procedure ISSN (Online) 2348 7968 Impact Factor (215) - 4.332 Steel fiber: In this investigation crimped steel fibers have been used. Steel fibers were obtained from Bakul Wires Private Ltd. Dewas, M.P. The properties steel fibers and specification are mentioned in Table 4. 1 Specific gravity 3.15 IS:431 Table: 4 Properties steel fibers 2 Standard consistency 35% IS:431 & IS269 Properties Specifications 3 Initial setting time 35 Min. >3, IS:431 & IS 269 Types Crimped steel fiber 4 Final setting time 3 Min. <6, IS:431 & IS269 Tensile (MPa) 11 Diameter (mm).9 Fine aggregate: Locally available sand passing through 4.75mm sieve was used as fine aggregate for research work. The physical properties fine aggregate are as given in Table 2. Length (mm) 45 Aspect ratio 5 Table: 2 Physical Properties fine aggregate S.No. Properties Value 1 Specific gravity 2.65 2 Fineness modulus 3 3 Grading sand Zone II Coarse aggregate: The coarse aggregates used for the work is 2mm and 1mm size which is free from deleterious materials like silt content and chloride contamination. Table: 3 Physical Properties Coarse aggregate Fig.1 Steel Fibers Fiber: In this investigation the Alkali Resistance glass fibers with 12mm cut length and having tensile 17Mpa is used. The glass fibers were obtained from International Trade Company Mumbai, S.No. Properties Value 1 Specific gravity 2.7 2 Fineness modules 4 Water: Potable water is used for casting specimen and as well as curing specimen as per IS 456 2. Maharashtra. Fig.2 Fibers 844
IJISET - International Journal Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 3 Issue 8, August 216 Percentage variation fibers in mix and steel fibers were used in different proportions. fibers were added by weight and steel fibers were added by volume in the mix. ISSN (Online) 2348 7968 Impact Factor (215) - 4.332 Table: 5 Percentage variations fibers Table: 7 Flexural Strength Test Mix designation Concrete fibers by weight Steel fibers by volume N 1 N 2.2.4 N 3.25.45 Mix design weight Steel fiber by volume Flexural in 7 Days 2.6 Flexural in 28 Days 3.2 N 4.3.5.2.4 2.82 3.24 N 5.35.55.25.3.45.5 2.95 3.45 3.38 3.56.35.55 2.73 3.3 Concrete Mix Proportions In this study, M2 grade was used. The mix design was done as per IS 1262:29. The water - ratio adopted is.55 for the proper workability. Beams, cylinders and cubes were casted with addition glass and steel fibers in different proportions cured for 7 and 28 days. The mix proportions are shown in Table 6. Table: 6 Concrete Mix Proportions Materials Quantity Proportion Cement 386 Kg/ m 3 1 Sand 648 Kg/ m 3 1.68 Coarse Aggregate 1273 Kg/ m 3 3.3 Water 212 Kg/ m 3.55 3. Results and Discussion Beams, cylinders and cubes specimens were tested on universal testing machine capacity 2KN. The beam specimens size 5 1 1mm were tested to determine the flexural. Cylindrical specimens diameter 15mm and height 3mm were tested to determined spilt tensile and cube specimens were tested to determined compressive. An average three specimens was tested for. Fig. 3 Flexural test results It is clear from the Table 7 and Figure 3 that there is increase in the flexural with the addition glass & steel fibers. However maximum increase in was observed from glass & steel fibers proportions.3% &.5% respectively. There is also gradual increase in flexural for to design mix however for where glass and steel fibers proportions.35% &.55% respectively, increase in is less in comparison to design mix. 845
Mix design IJISET - International Journal Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 3 Issue 8, August 216 Table 8 Split Tensile Strength Test weight.2.25.3.35 Steel volume.4.45.5.55 ISSN (Online) 2348 7968 Impact Factor (215) - 4.332 Split tensile in 7 Days 1.78 1.94 2.3 2.1 1.84 Split tensile in 28 Days 2.45 2.7 2.75 2.9 2.54.2.25.3.35.4.45.5.55 23 27.91 28.58 29.6 24.65 29 32.22 37.7 4.2 3.28 Split tensile N/mm 2 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 Split tensile % glass and steel fibers Fig. 4 Split tensile test results 7 Days 28 Days It is clear from the Table 8 and Figure 4 that there is increase in the split tensile with the addition glass & steel fibers. However maximum increase in split tensile was observed from glass & steel fibers proportions.3% &.5% respectively. There is also gradual increase in spit tensile for to design mix however for where glass and steel fibers proportions.35% &.55% respectively, increase in is less in comparison to design mix. Mix weight Table 9 Compressive Strength Steel volume Compressive at 7 days Compressive at 28 days Fig. 5 Compressive test results It is clear from the Table 9 and Figure 5 that there is increase in the compressive with the addition glass & steel fibers. However maximum increase in compressive was observed from glass & steel fibers proportions.3% &.5% respectively. There is also gradual increase in compressive for to design mix however for where glass and steel fibers proportions.35% &.55% respectively, increase in is less in comparison to design mix. 4. CONCLUSIONS The highest flexural sample was found 17.88% greater than conventional mix (). Three other samples, (.2% &.4%), (.25% &.45%) and (.35% &.55%) also showed the higher flexural as compare to control. These increments are 7.28%, 11.92% and 8.27%. All results are greater than the normal mix (). The highest split tensile sample (.3% &.5%) was increased 18.36% compared with the conventional and samples, & gives split tensile slightly higher than the conventional mix (). The increasing percentage split tensile samples, 846
IJISET - International Journal Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 3 Issue 8, August 216, and are 1.2%, 12.24%, 18.36% and 3.6% respectively. The highest compressive sample was observed 38% compared with the control mix (). The increasing percentage compressive samples,, and are 11.1%, 27.87%, 38% and 4.41% respectively compared with the control mix. It was observed that the workability conventional is more compare to hybrid fiber reinforced ; it was found that % glass and steel fibers increase means there is reduced in workability. ISSN (Online) 2348 7968 Impact Factor (215) - 4.332 References [1] Praveen kumar Goud.E, Praveen K.S Optimization percentages steel and glass fiber reinforced International Journal Research in Engineering and Technology Volume 4, Issue 4, April 215. [2] SrikanthRagi A Comparative and Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties Various Steel and Fiber Reinforced High Strength Concrete International Research Journal Engineering and Technology Volume 2, Issue 4, July 215 [3] Bureau Indian Standards: IS- 456-2, Indian Standard Plain and Reinforced code practice (fourth revision), 2. [4] Vikrant S. Vairagade, Kavita S. Kene, Dr. N. V. Deshpande Investigation Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete on Compressive and Tensile Strength International Journal Engineering Research & Technology Vol. 1 Issue 3, May 212 [5] Bureau Indian Standards: IS- 1262-1982, Indian Standard Recommended Guidelines for mix design. Nitin Verma has received his Bachelor Engineering degree in Civil Engineering from Bansal Institute Science and Technology, Bhopal in the year 213. At present he is pursuing M.Tech with the specialization Construction Technology & Management in National Institute Technical Teachers Training and Research, Bhopal. Dr. A.K. Jain B.E. (Civil Engineering), M.E. (Structural Engineering), Ph. D, Pressor and Head Department Civil and Environmental Engineering in National Institute Technical Teachers Training and Research, Bhopal (M.P) (under MHRD, GOI, New Delhi). 847