International Training Workshop 01 for National Policy Framework on Municipal Waste Management in Indonesia Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan 27-29 October 2010 OVERVIEW OF ESTABLISHMENT MATERIAL CYCLE-SOCIETY (3R) & LIFE-CYCLE OF ORGANIC WASTE (COMPOSTING) IN INDONESIA Prapti Wahyuningsih, ST Local Coordinator in Indonesia Current Status of Regulatory 02 Framework Law No.18/2008 (Solid Waste Management/ SWM--enacted 9 June 2008) Government Regulation/PP (waste reduction, waste handling, & spesific waste) Draft PP /RPP (present) Submiting RPPs to State Secretariat (Setneg) JICA (3R Project/PESAMAS) Norms, standards, procedure & criteria/nspk (Guidance to formulate organizational structure & work precedure) To conduct government affairs refer to NSPK (PP no.38/2007 on distribution of government affairs among the national, provincial, local government) Finalizing draft PP/RPP by MOEI (KLH) is a crucial issue
Brief: 3 rd Draft National 3R Strategy (Implementation of 3R National Startegies) 03 (Implementation of 3R National Startegies) Key Sector 1. MSWs m2.industrial (Agroindustry/ manufacture) 3.SMEs 4.E-waste 3 R national Principles Polluter Pays Shift of End of Pipe to 3R Approach Involvement of Manufacturers & public awareness are key factors Solid Waste are Resources Revenue generation from waste recycling Continuous Improvement 3 R Strategies Development of Institution Development of Regulation & Policy Development oftechnology & Information system Enhancement of stakeholders role Financial Arrangement Enhancement of Global Cooperation Target to be achieved Awareness, understanding, and involvement in 3R start to emerge in every stratum of society & industrial community Institution & infrastructure of 3R implementation run effectively Availability of research, expertise, technology, standard, best practice on 3R conducted by research institution, university, NGOs, and industry Map & information system regarding municipal, industrial waste, waste market, & recycling industry can be accessed by every stakeholders Regulation and policy that support 3R program at local or national level is available Increasing employment and revenue from solid waste market activity it Residential, commercial, industrial area as well as social & public facilities have sorted their solid waste Occupational health and environment at final disposal site are improved 75% of recyclable plastic waste is recycled 30 % of unrecyclable plastic waste to be utilized Composting reach 15% of municipal waste 30 % of metal, glass, and paper waste are recycled Waste to be disposed to final disposal site is reduced by 19% Business of municipal waste recycling is becoming attractive to investors 85% of recyclable plastic waste is recycled 60 % of unrecyclable plastic waste to be utilized Composting reach 30% of municipal waste 50 % of metal, glass, and paper waste are recycled Waste to be disposed to final processing site is reduced by 33% Region outside the 3R working group start to adopt 3R program into their local governmental regular activity plan Short term Mid te erm Long term 04 Brief: 3 rd Draft National 3R Strategy (Key Issues Highlighted) 3rd draft presented in October 2008 (no final version yet) UNHCRD-3 rd Consultation meeting, to obtain views and feedback from LGs: The role of municipalities must be strengthened (Chapter 4: Strategy on 3R Promotion). The roles and responsibilities for every ministerial sector in central government must be clearly specified e.g., Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Public Works, BAPPENAS (National Development Planning Agency), Ministry of Trade, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Home Affair, etc. (Chapter 4: Strategy t on 3R Promotion) Financial Mechanism should be clearly spelled out for the implementation of National 3R Strategy. Financial source/mechanism should be specified, such as government, local government, and external. CDM could also be part of the financial mechanism. (Chapter 5: Action Plan) One of key strategic area for reducing municipal solid waste: achieving 15% composting in midterm targets and 30% in long term targets, but only focus on carbon credit/cdm issue for potential opportunity (meanwhile the compost product keeps remaining in piling). Agricultural shall be included further explore as potential opportunity for composting on the final version of National 3R Strategy in Indonesia.
05 Current Constraints of Initiatives Related 3R (for Composting) National level: Limited financial support (provinsion of O&M costs) Inavailability/unclearly mechanism of market consumption (for compost product) No clearly mechanism & participation for involving LGs Less community awareness (waste separation at source & dependent d its leadear commitments) t Local level (LGs) Limited it support of legal l aspects (regulations/policies) li i for budgeting allocation (necessary in dealing with legislative body/dprd) Limited capacity on technical & managerial issues at city officers Uncertainty t market and mechanism for marketing compost Limited technical capacity to develop composting methods/technologies to produce good quality of compost which pursuant the available standard Limited organizational capacity of the community group who manage composting facilities Less community awareness (waste separation at source & dependent its leadear commitments) Establishing clearly l mechanism & the institutional for marketing the compost product is a key to develop the life-cycle of compost. 06 National Medium Term Plan (RPJM) 2010-2014: 3R & Composting Ministry of Environment (KLH) Programme for natural resources & environmental management Pollution control for domestic waste: Monitoring 54 metropolitan & big cities & 40 provincial capitals Available 12 of technical guidances for domestic waste management 15% waste reduction by promoting 3Rs for big & metropilitan cities (baseline data of 2008) Ministry of Public Works (PU) Ministry of Public Works (PU) Programme for settlement infrastructure assistance & development Management, assistance, supervision, financial source development & investament scheme, infrastructure development management for sanitation & municipal solid waste management (MSWM): Available 33 NSPK for solid waste issue 172 packages of technical assistance, technical supervising for MSWM 17 packages of training programs for waste management issue 171 monitoring & evaluation activities for waste management issue Landfill improvement in 210 regency/cities, 250 units of waste collection facility, & 3R program at 250 locations
06 National Medium Term Plan (RPJM) 2010-2014: 3R & Composting Ministry of Agriculture Programme for provinsion i & development of agricultural l facilities & infrastructures: t Establish 6.500 units of composting facility Programme for enhancing production, productivity, & quality of food crops to achieve self- suffiency & sustainable of self-suffiencysuffiency Demand for subsidized fertilizer (chemical/organic): 11,06 million tons (2010) & 12,2 million tons (2014) Programme for management of provinsion & monitoring system of food crops production facilities Establishment roadmap of fertilizer demand & supply Programme for subsidized fertilizer distribution Ministry of Cooperative & SMEs Programme for national entrepreneurship through cooperative: Establish financial scheme proper to the demand and capacity of micro business Grant provinsion for micro business/cooperative stakeholders (10.500 stakeholders) BAPPENAS Programme for national development planning Potential Compost Life-Cycle in 07 Indonesia (Agriculture) Implementation sustainable agriculture one of efforts to achieve green economy to meet Indonesian commitment for greenhouse emission reduction 26% by 2020 (launched by 2nd United Indonesia Cabinet, April 2010) Heavy reliance of nitrogen fertilizers contribute to 10-12 % of global greenhouse emissions (ISIS report, October 2008) Strategic plan of Ministry of Agriculture (2010-2014): Estimation of total organic fertilizer demand: 53.09 million tons Estimation of organic fertilizer demand for agricultural sectors: food crops (65%), plantation (13%), horticulture (8%), livestock (0%) & fishery (14%) Only less than 10% will be subsidized to promote organic fertilizer usage Provinsion o of organic fertilizer e in Indonesia: Appointed fertilizer holding companies: PT. Pupuk Sriwijaya/PUSRI (South Sumatera); PT. Pupuk Kalimantan Timur/KALTIM (East Kalimantan); PT. Pupuk Petrokimia Gresik (East Java) ), PT. Pupuk Kujang (West Java) The expected production quota: 450.000 tons per year. Waste statistic of Indonesia (KLH/JICA, 2008): Estimation of total waste generation in Indonesia: ±38.5 million tons/year (±58% organic) Potential compost production: ±4.5 million tons/year (±50% supply of total demand/year) Overcoming scarcity of organic fertilizer will be a national rising issue
Scheme of Compost Life-Cycle 08 in Indonesia (idea) Standardization di ti of Compost Quality Production of Compost: Household level Communal centers (community/market) C l t Stockof of Compost MARKET OF COMPOST Local city department Private sectors (fertilizer company, hotel, plantation, individual, etc) Technical Assistance (International Cooperation) Local/City Government (LGs) National Government Conclusion & 09 Recommendation Conclusions: Comply quota of national organic fertilizer demand creates a business and cooperation opportunities for local governmnet to promote establishment compost life-cycle in Indonesia. Organic agriculture development is a key strategy for mitigating & adapting to climate change and supporting establishment the sound material cycle society (3R) in Indonesia, especially the life-cycle of compost. Synchronize inter-sector policies/programme sthrengthen government institutional at both level of central and local to accelarate 3R implementation and achieving waste reduction target. Non-subsidiary incentives such as product standardization, creation of healthy market, protection to organic fertilizer import as well as easiness to capital access sthrengthen the non-government organizational (private, CBO, etc)
Conclusion & 10 Recommendation Recommendations: Develop business plan (portfolio) for composting development under local government basis in Indonesia Standardization of compost quality, based on the compost use: Compost for raw material of organic fertilizer (supplying fertilizer holding company) Compost use for agricultural sectors (food crops, plantation, horticulture & fishery) R&D a low cost,low technology and environmentally sounds of composting methods which pursuant to the quality standard of compost use Capacity development to establish the sound material cycle society (3R) for low carbon society development in Indonesia Finalizing policy/regulatory products to establish the sound material cycle society and life cycle of compost in Indonesia is a crusial issue