The Role of PMS in the DOTD Decision Making Process

The Role of PMS in the DOTD Decision Making Process Christophe N. Fillastre, P.E. CE Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Section 21, Management Systems and Data Collection Pavement Management Engineer 1201 Capitol Access Road P. O. Box 94245 Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9245 Telephone: (225) 242-4577 Fax: (225) 242-4595 E-mail: Christophe.Fillastre@la.gov

The Original Role of PMS To provide information on existing condition for the State Highway Network Pavements to each District. Provide recommendations for the right treatments, to the right roads at the right time. Make program and budget recommendations to the Department Directors. Provide feedback on the performance of Experimental or New treatments.

Existing condition for the State Highway Network Pavements to each District Existing condition can be generate based on: Roughness Rutting Alligator cracking Random Transverse Longitudinal Patching Performance Index Existing condition is given to the Districts in the form of maps and reports.

Example of the format of reports on existing condition for District 61 in 2014.

Example map of existing condition based on Performance Index for District 61 in 2014

Provide recommendations for the right treatments, to the right roads at the right time

Make program and budget recommendations to the Department Directors Interstate Highway System (IHS) Forecast Example map of Interstate Future Condition versus Funding Scenarios for 10, 20, and 30 year analysis periods The graph can be used to predict an average budget given an average condition goal such as 97% fair or better budget by drawing a horizontal dotted line from about 97 on the Y-axis until it intersects with analysis period of 10 years, 20 years, or 30 years. Then, draw a dotted line vertically to the X-axis to estimate the budget amount to meet goal in this case 50 Million. This can also be used to predict the percent fair or better given an annual budget by reversing the above procedure.

Example annual budget graphs shown to department directors.

ONE STOP SHOP FOR PMS INFORMATION

Screen shot of what video log looks like called from map.

Example of statewide summary report based on roughness functional classes, all pavement types, and all federal aid systems

Example of detailed report format on webpage export into excel format Route Control Section From To Pave Type Rut_Avg Faulting IRI_Avg Random Index Patch Index Rut Index Roughness Index US0080 001-01 0 2 COM 0.12 0.25 129 78.13 100 99.46 84.12 US0080 001-01 2 2.56 JCP 0.1 0.4 185-1 87.08-1 73.06 US0080 001-01 2.56 4.26 COM 0.18 0.2 138 78.13 89.31 95.32 82.45 US0080 001-01 4.26 5.97 COM 0.18 0.16 118 78.71 99.09 95.21 86.48 US0080 001-01 5.97 6.19 COM 0.33 0.17 184 80.81 100 93.26 73.22 US0080 001-01 6.6 9.3 COM 0.11 0.16 90 87.62 100 99.46 91.91 US0080 001-02 0 1.7 COM 0.1 0.01 65 99.11 98.73 99.55 96.98 US0080 001-02 1.7 2.54 JCP 0.13 0.06 178-1 97.51-1 74.5 US0080 001-02 2.54 2.92 COM 0.12 0.03 77 100 100 99.29 94.52 US0080 001-02 2.92 3.48 JCP 0.09 0.27 156-1 100-1 78.74 US0080 001-02 3.48 4.58 COM 0.13 0.05 93 99.24 100 98.6 91.31 US0080 001-02 4.58 5.48 COM 0.3 0.18 172 29 96.74 77.31 75.56 US0080 001-02 5.48 7.24 COM 0.22 0.38 198 56.36 92.97 92.1 70.32 US0080 001-02 7.24 7.8 COM 0.22 0.3 197 46.94 87.57 92.2 70.53 US0080 001-02 7.8 8.83 COM 0.16 0.39 233 39.74 96.57 96.09 63.4 US0080 001-02 8.83 9.6 COM 0.13 0.34 162 66.8 95.85 98.88 77.68 US0080 001-02 9.6 10.46 COM 0.17 0.36 273 51.75 96.12 95.73 55.33

Example of current condition report for District 02 in year 2013 on webpage

Example of index plot for a control section

Data Dictionary

Pavement Management User Group(PMUG) established for PMS The Pavement Management Users Group (PMUG) has been established and has been meeting regularly to train end users how to use PMS applications (Video viewer, web apps, and asset inventory); to show how PMS data has been used to make reports and for project or treatment selection decisions; and to receive feedback from users to gather fresh perspectives for improvements.

Diagram of the project selection process

Examples of justification Documentation Justify an alternate treatment Using maintenance management system to determine maintenance costs. Using Project Systems to determine in any future reconstruction projects are planned. By Road Superintendent visually inspecting and distress identification Using past history of treatments on the control section. Using the Guidelines on the Application of Preventive Maintenance and Rehabilitation Practices for Pavement Preservation. to determine what treatments are applicable to the specific distresses. Factors which could justify an exception or further explain engineering judgment Other funding sources included in project (safety, ER, drainage) One treatment selection vs. various recommendations from PMS along project length (project level scope may not match network level scope due to needs section recommendations) Variations in observed data vs. PMS data based on visual inspection or due to changes following the PMS collection Maintenance costs Physical constraints (curb and gutter, numerous drives, overpasses, other ) Environmental issues (geographic location, residential areas, high traffic % trucks very high, other ) Land usage

EXPANDED ROLE OF PMS The PMS role has grown larger than these 4 original roles due to the additional information now collected by PMS. For instance, GPS data is used to update basemap lines. Original Map Video Log Showed collected by PMS Corrections To Map Based On PMS 051900187203691040

Example of posted speed information sent to Highway Needs Yellow- posted speed different than PM most length speed signifying a need for highway needs to verify that the posted speed had changed. Green- posted speed same as PM most length speed signifying that posted speed is correct in Highway Needs and no review is necessary.

Example of number or lanes and lane width sent to update Highway Inventory Data Yellow- number of lanes different than PM most length speed signifying a need for highway needs to verify that the posted speed had changed. Green- number of lanes same as PM most length speed signifying that posted speed is correct in Highway Needs and no review is necessary. Road From To DISTRICT Needs Number Lanes Vendor 2xMost Length Number Lanes Vendor 2xWeight Average Number Lanes Vendor 2xMinimum Number Lanes Vendor 2xMaximum Number Lanes 001-05-1 0 0.07 04 6 4 4 4 4 001-05-1 0.07 0.19 04 6 4 4 4 4 001-05-1 0.19 0.24 04 6 4 4 4 4 001-05-1 0.24 0.4 04 6 4 4 4 4 001-05-1 0.4 0.5 04 6 4 4 4 4 001-05-1 0.5 0.52 04 6 4 4 4 4 001-05-1 0.52 0.56 04 6 4 4 4 4 001-05-1 0.56 0.59 04 4 2 2 2 2 001-05-1 0.59 0.75 04 2 2 2.3 2 4 001-05-1 0.75 1.71 04 4 4 3.8 2 4 001-05-1 1.71 1.78 04 4 2 2 2 2 001-05-1 1.78 3.12 04 2 2 2 2 2 001-05-1 3.12 3.16 04 2 2 2 2 2 001-05-1 3.16 7.50 04 2 2 2 2 2

LA DOTD Curve and friction data is used in safety models when evaluating accident data; Our highway safety section copies the Horizontal Curve data and Vertical Curve data collected by PMS in to Highway Safety Manual (HSM) predictive method using the Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (IHSDM) software located at www.ihsdm.org. The horizontal curve data needed for the HSM prediction is Type of curves Start station End station Curve radius in feet Direction of curve Radius position Deflection angle in degrees. The vertical curve data needed for the HSM prediction is Type of curves Start station End station Percent back grade Back length in feet Percent forward grade Forward length in feet.

Example of Horizontal Alignment screen in IHSDM;

Example of Vertical Alignment screen in IHSDM;

Example of bridge locations verification on control 251-01

What role may PMS play in the future? Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data collected by PM will be used in evaluating the design of pavements by reducing the number of material testing design cores collected to only where thickness and materials show a significant change. This should reduce the cost of material testing by the reduced amount. PMS is working on evaluating threshold value to indicate when to recollect friction data on a section of highway instead of collecting the whole system in a cycle to reduce annual cost. PMS is collecting data on ramps, so that districts will have a measuring stick to evaluate the performance and treatment strategies used on ramps.

What role may PMS play in the future? PMS will compare new technologies, such as 3D cameras, to determine if the cost warrants the benefits gained. The benefits to be gained from 3D cameras are as follows: Better images (higher resolution)

What role may PMS play in the future? The benefits to be gained from 3D cameras as follows: More accurate and more consistent cracking data (measures the shape and depth of cracks; not just how it looks from 2D)

What role may PMS play in the future? The benefits to be gained from 3D cameras as follows: 3D-based reporting of raveling

What role may PMS play in the future? The benefits to be gained from 3D cameras as follows: 3D-based reporting of bleeding

What role may PMS play in the future? The benefits to be gained from 3D cameras as follows: Detection of concrete joints and automatic separation from cracking (the system can tell the difference between cracks and joints)

What role may PMS play in the future? The benefits to be gained from 3D cameras as follows: Pavement markings can be automatically detected and their position used to confine distress rating

What role may PMS play in the future? Overall Distress Findings On PM Calibration Sites 11% More total cracking detected in 3D vs. 2D Separate Rating Schemes needed for 3D Composite vs. Flexible Composite Sites More cracking detected with 3D on these control sites Much more manual Intervention needed for 2D Asphalt Sites Similar amounts of cracking seen with 2D and 3D Highly distressed section (Site 13) saw some differences with rating and bins SUMMARY LRMS - 2D LCMS - 3D DIFF Total Miles 4.489 4.489 CSECTs 9 9 LRS_IDs 8 8 ALG 27,202.00 26,221.00-3.6% LNG 14,968.00 19,837.00 33% TRN 18,696.00 22,562.00 21% PATCH 6,472.44 6,307.89-3% ALL 67,338.44 74,927.89 11%

What role may PMS play in the future? Use Rolling Weight Deflectometer to calculate RWD Index (Structural Index to better select the right treatment for a section of roadway RI = average deflection (Avg. RWD) x standard deviation (SD RWD ) Thin AC<=3 Medium AC >3 & <=6 Thick AC >6 Condition RI Good <=40 Fair >40 & <=110 poor >110 Good <=39 Fair >39&<=109 poor >109 Good <=25 Fair >25 &=79 poor >79

IN CONCLUSION LA DOTD Pavement Management sections data has been used to: Verify and update outdated pavement inventory data Verify and update locations of roads, ramps, and bridge locations Make better safety decisions when using safety models through the use of Pavement Managements horizontal and vertical curve data Increase the accuracy of design decisions using ground penetrating radar to have a better idea of what is under the road.

IN CONCLUSION LA DOTD Pavement Management sections data has been used to: Pavement Management data collection in the future will make strides in the accuracy and consistency of measuring the severity of distress data through the use of new technology such as 3D Camera Technology. Agencies will use Pavement Management data to help cost effectively choose when to recollect data. Pavement Management will add a structural index based on the RWD to make triggers for right treatment on the right road at the right time more precise.