Green Week 2013 Hydrogen as transport fuel and its role in industry strategies Jörg Wind, Vice Chair NEW-IG transportation committee
Variation of future transport fuels today tomorrow Wind Water Solar Bio-Mass Natural Gas Crude Oil H2 Electricity 1. Gen. Bio-Fuels (Ethanol from wheat, Biodiesel from Rape) 2.Gen. Bio-Fuels (NExBTL, Synt. Diesel from Biomass ) Synthetic fuels (GTL) sulphur-free, free of aromatic compounds Natural Gas (CNG) Conventional fuels sulphur-free, free of aromatic compounds primary energy sources for car fuels fuels Potential to store the fluctuating energy and support the energy change in Germany
H2 Production Pathways with the Potential of Producing a Significant Amount of Hydrogen Natural Gas Reforming Biomass Gasification Renew. Electr. Electrolysis Nuclear Electr. Electrolysis Coal Gasification Hydrogen as a Byproduct Production capacity in petrochemistry is usable on short term Moderate CO 2 reduction CO 2 neutrality Sustainable, reduction of dependencies Competition among different applications (synthetic fuels, stationary use) Many big offshore wind parks already planned Hydrogen is a means of storage for excess electricity Good energy and CO 2 balances at the same time Good CO 2 balance Trend towards an extension of nuclear energy capacity Very unfavourable energy chain and limited resources Largest fossil energy resources Only usable if CO 2 capture and storage is technically and economically feasible In certain chemical processes (chlorine alkali electrolysis) hydrogen is produced as a by-product Short term production capacity in chemical industry Little energy input and costs, moderate CO2 reduction, limited capacity Best CO2-Balance Highest Capacity
H 2 Infrastructure world-wide in 2013 (700 bar + public accessible) Great Britain 2 FS in operation Active H2 and FC-Initiatives (UK Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association) Interest in H 2 e.g. Politics UK H2-Mobility: Developing a rollout strategy for H2 transport in the UK Scandinavia 5 FS in operation H2movesSkandinavia 2010 2012: (vehicles from Daimler, Hyundai and TH!NK), Rollout of 10 B-Class F-CELL Active H 2 and FC-Initiatives in those countries (Hydrogen Link, HyNor, Hydrogen Sweden) Japan 5 FS in operation Demonstration projects within JHFC and follower projects Build up of H 2 FS in 4 Metropolis with highway connection until 2015 (MoU between OEMs and Infrastructure operators) South-Korea USA 7 FS in operation, 2 FS planned (until the end of 2013)* Demonstration projects within CaFCP Further initiatives e.g. Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I), SunHydro FS = Fuelling Station * In Los Angeles Area build up of FS within California Fuel Cell Partnership Germany 15 FS in operation, 2 FS under construction, 20 planned (until the end of 2015) CEP Activities 2011 2016: Demonstration projects Cooperation Daimler AG & Linde Group until 2015: Build up of 20 FS H2-Mobility: Project to facilitate an areawide infrastructure in Germany 3 FS in operation According to Green Car Roadmap there should be 43 FS build until 2015 and 168 until 2020 in South- Korea Incentives for build up of FS will amount 70% until 2014 and 50% until 2018 100.000 FCEVs should be sold until 2020 Incentives for FCEVs will be implemented in 2015 China 350 bar FS were built and FCEVs operated for Olympic Games and Expo 2010 Currently there are limited activities for further development of H2 Infrastructure
Cost of hydrogen delivered at pump Source: A portfolio of power-trains for Europe (McKinsey 2011)
The Current Generation of Fuel Cell Vehicles Technical Data Vehicle Mercedes-Benz B-Class Fuel Cell PEM, 90 kw (122 hp) System Output (Cont./ Peak) 70kW / 100kW (136 Engine hp) Max. Torque: 290 Nm Fuel Compressed hydrogen (70 MPa) Range 380 km (NEDC) Top 170 km/h Speed Li-Ion Battery Output (Cont./ Peak): 24 kw / 30 kw (40 hp) Capacity: 6.8 Ah, 1.4 kwh
Technical Advancements of Daimler s Fuel Cell Vehicles Range H2 Consumption Durability Size Power Top Speed [miles] [l/100km] [hours] [cu. Ft.] [kw] [mph] GEN 1 A-Class F-CELL +135% -16% +100% -40% +30% +21% GEN 2 B-Class F-CELL Next Generation target From generation to generation great technical improvements in numerous technical areas.
Cost Potentials of the Fuel Cell Technology Costs Power Train per Vehicle Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Cost reduction through technical advances I Cost reduction through technical advances II Cost reduction through establishment of a competitive supply industry Cost reduction through scale effects Hybrid Technology Generation I A-Class F-CELL Technology Generation II B-Class F-CELL Technology Mass Market Hybrid The cost for the fuel cell power train are currently much higher than those from conventional drive systems. They can be reduced considerably through scale effects and technology advances. A reduction of the costs on the level of conventional drive trains is possible.
Applications of H2 / Fuel Cells in other modes of transport
Role of H 2 / FCEV technologies in overall strategy Long Distance Interurban City Traffic ML 250 BlueTEC 4MATIC Efficient Combustion Engine S 400 HYBRID Hybrid Drive S500 Plug-in HYBRID Plug-in Hybrid / Range Extender smart fortwo electric drive Electric Vehicle with Battery B-Class F-CELL Electric Vehicle wit Fuel Cell Combustion drive Emission free mobility
Air quality, energy savings and GHG-emissions will benefit Growing World Population & Industrialization Sustainable mobility Local emissions CO 2 regulations Mega Cities / surroundings Resource independency
Thanks for your attention!