THE LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS OF WHEAT. Elisabeth Vachon agronome Les Moulins de Soulanges et La Milanaise
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1 THE LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS OF WHEAT Elisabeth Vachon agronome Les Moulins de Soulanges et La Milanaise
2 Historic of our pesticide free program with premium Since 2007 (Agrinature = certification) Since 2011 (Agriculture Raisonnée =trade mark) Starting 2017 (Bonus for transitional wheat)
3 Sustainable agriculture aproach
4 Social aspect
5 On farm research a win win aproach Learn from experience Volunteer aproach Tools to get results and more pesticide free wheat
6 Comparative plots on farm with herbicide without herbicide
7 Test with COOP s without herbicide with herbicide
8 I. LIFE CYCLE SINCE MARGINS $/HA 2. ENVIRONMENTAL FOOT PRINT
9 1. Profitability of the production 4 systems Organic Agriculture Raisonnée Conventionnel Intensive Cost analysis on variable expenses.
10 3 years of results 30 farms 12 agronomist 7 régions Contribution from a governement programme pour le soutien aux statégies sectorielles de développement (PSSSD) only in 2013 Life cycle analysis in 2013 by l Institue de recherche et de développement en agroenvironnement (IRDA) Contribution de $ par La Milanaise since 2013 Contribution $ par les Moulins de Soulanges since 2013
11 Farm distribution Région Agriculture Raisonnée Organic farms Montérégie ouest 2 1 Montérégie Est 1 1 Mauricie 2 2 Lanaudière 3 1 Bas St-laurent 2 2 Lac St-Jean 4 2 Estrie 4 2 Temiscamingue 2 0
12 Méthodology- participants choice Conventionnel Organic Christian Taillon, producteur bio du Lac-St-Jean
13 Protocol conventionnel system BLOC 1 BLOC 2 Régie: Agriculture Raisonnée Conventionnel Intensive 90 pieds 27,4m
14 Treatments by systems Organic Agriculture Raisonnée Conventional Intensive Fertilizer manure 120 N 120 N 120 N and 150 N Weed control aucun aucun 1 Herbicide 1 or 2 Herbicides Leaf fongicide Growth regulator 1 Fongicide 1 Fusarium head blight control 1 fongicide 1 fongicide
15 Pre-harvest evaluation
16 Yields GPS or Weight Manual CÉROM)
17 Ex: OPERATION COSTS Opérations $/ha Bio Agriculture Raisonnée Conventionnelle Intensive Chisel 50,00 $ Labour 100,00 $ Lemken 80,00 $ Rouler 13,91 $ Vibroculteur 20,00 $ Fauchage 30,00 $ Épandage d'engrais granulaire 28,00 $ Sarclage léger 10,79 $ EV dans céréales 10,79 $ Semoir semis direct 86,00 $ Semoir céréales 41,68 $ Battage 110,00 $ Pressage de la paille 50,00 $ Pulvérisation 25,00 $ Coûts des Opérations 342 $ 370 $ 448 $ 551 $
18 AVERAGE YIELDS FOR SPRING WHEAT ORGANIC AGRICULTURE RAISONNÉE CONVENTIONAL INTENSIVE Prix ($/t) 525 à à à à 255 Rendement (T/HA) 2,38 3,68 4,25 4,33
19 Graphic 1. AVERAGE MARGINS FOR SPRING WHEAT ( ) 2000 Biologique Raisonnée Conventionnelle Intensive Marge nette ($/ha) Rendements (t/ha) 7 8
20 Quality for spring wheat
21 Quality organic spring wheat Average toxins: 1,2 ppm Average proteins: 11,9%
22 Average yields for winter wheat ORGANIC Agriculture Raisonnée CONVENTIONAL INTENSIVE Prix ($/t) 525 à à à à 255 Rendement (T/HA) 3,21 3,71 4,34 4,46
23 Graphic 2. AVERAGE MARGINS FOR WINTER WHEAT ( ) 2000 Biologique Raisonnée Conventionnelle Intensive 1500 Marge nette ($/ha) Rendements (t/ha)
24 QUALITY FOR WINTER WHEAT
25 Quality for organic winter wheat Average toxins: 0,4ppm Average proteins: 10,5%
26 GHG for each systems(kg CO 2 /t) 2013 Systèm Soil work Fertlizer Spaying Seddi ng Harves t Transpor tation Green manure Bio 43, ,0 43,7 17,3 3,8-39,5 629 Total AR 24, ,8 35,1 15,2 3,8 938 Conv. 14, ,8 30,9 12,6 3,8 852 Intensif 10, ,7 26,9 10,8 3,8 793 Réf: IRDA
27 Environnemental and health impact of pesticides from IRPEQ Irs and IRe
28
29
30 Analysis of the results The mínimum yield for organic equivalent is 2,0 t/ha. Better margins for winter wheat. Intensive crop system has the lowest margins. The difference between Agriculture Raisonnée and conventionnal is small in regards to GHG but organic is the lowest.
31 Project impact on the farms 4 larges scale farms switch to organic systems after the first year. The majority of the farms did not continue intensive farming methods. The premium and the market for Agriculture Raisonnée is an advantage for wheat producers. The project helped to demystify myths about organic production.
32 Objection to change Feeling of belonging Way of living Time for activities Resistance to uncertainty Marketing abilities
33 The project objective was not to convert farmers to organic but to put real number under each system.
34 Thank you!
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