The IR-4 Program: Our Mission, Our Success, Our Future. Cristi L Palmer IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Manager

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1 The IR-4 Program: Our Mission, Our Success, Our Future Cristi L Palmer IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Manager

2 What is IR-4? A USDA-NIFA granted program to address specialty crop growers needs and minor uses of major crops IR-4 sponsors efficacy and phytotoxicity research so that new pathogens/pests and crops can be added to product labels IR-4 compiles this information in a format manufacturers can easily turn into a submission to EPA

3 IR-4 HQ, Rutgers University Study Directors, QA Manager, HQ Staff Four Geographical Regions North Central - Michigan State University North Eastern - Cornell University Southern - University of Florida, Gainesville Western - University of California, Davis USDA-ARS, Beltsville ARS Labs & Field Stations All units work together under the umbrella of the Project Management Committee

4 Ornamental Horticulture Program: The Four Steps of IR-4 Step 1: Identify grower needs Step 2: Establish research priorities Step 3: Establish research program Step 4: Communicate research results

5 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 1: Identify Grower Needs Grower & Extension Survey Project Requests

6 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 2: Establish Research Priorities Biennial Workshop October 6-8, 2009 in Cleveland, OH Plant Growth Regulator Society Meeting

7 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 2: Establish Research Priorities Discuss major pathogen, pest, weed, pgr issues Decide High Priority Projects A = not registered B = registered but not commercialized C = registered and commercialized

8 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 2: Establish Research Priorities Midcycle Review of Priorities NCSU Ornamental Workshop NEWSS Plant Growth Regulator Society Meeting

9 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 2: Establish Research Priorities 2009 High Priority Projects Continue Downy Mildew Continue Bacteria Continue Borers Continue Armored Scale Explore Snails Explore Root Mealybugs Herbicide Crop Safety Early Post Emergence 2010 High Priority Projects Continue Bacteria Pythium Efficacy Continue Scale & Mealybug Continue Thrips Crop Safety Beneficials Mite Efficacy Herbicide Crop Safety Early Post Emergence Liverwort Efficacy

10 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 3: Establish Research Program Coordinated approach based on High Priority Projects Additional focus on invasive species Phytophthora ramorum Chili thrips Bemisia Q biotype Japanese beetle

11 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 3: Establish Research Program National Research Planning Meeting

12 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 3: Establish Research Program Photo by Ron Oetting Photo by Cristi Palmer

13 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 4: Communicate Research Results Researcher Reports Summaries Protocols Workshop information Survey Project request form

14 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 4: Communicate Research Results

15 Ornamental Horticulture Program: Step 4: Communicate Research Results Post Research Reports to Website Research Project Summaries Scientific Meeting Presentations Trade & other Grower Meetings Trade Journal Publications Facebook Horticulture-Program/ Or search for IR-4

16 Photo by Nik Grunwald, USDA-ARS

17 Highlights of Program Activities

18 High Priority Project: Thrips Thrips Efficacy became a high priority project in Chili thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) was added in Chili Thrips Thrips simplex on Gladiolus Western Flower Thrips L. Osborne, UFL T. Davis, MSU Weeping Laurel Thrips

19 IR-4 Research Program for Thrips ( ) IR-4 sponsored 328 trials in 29 experiments from 2005 through 2009 looking at 56 different products on 4 different thrips species IR-4 definition: trial is unique combination of crop, pest, product, production site Caveat: not all products were tested on all thrips Researchers Luis Canas Yan Chen Raymond Cloyd Whitney Cranshaw Terry Davis Dan Gilrein Meng-Meng Gu David Held Scott Ludwig Ron Oetting Mike Parrella Mike Reding John Sanderson Doug Walsh

20 Western Flower and Chili Thrips Summary Best Products for Chili Thrips Aria (flonicamid) Avid (abamectin) Conserve (spinosad) Flagship (thiamethoxam) Best Products for WFT Kontos (spirotetramat) Overture (pyridalyl) Pylon (chlorfenapyr) Tolfenpyrad Marathon (imidacloprid) Orthene (acephate) Overture (pyridalyl) Pylon (chlorfenapyr) Safari (dinotefuron) TriStar (acetamiprid) Chili Thrips L. Osborne, UFL Western Flower Thrips

21 Gladiolus Thrips (Thrips simplex) All but 2 of the 24 products tested as bulb dip applications worked well. Orthene TTO (acephate) 24(c) registration in MI for bulb dip application T. Davis, MSU

22 Thrips Product Registrations in 2008 Overture (pyridalyl) was registered with EPA in April Conserve (spinosad) was amended to include Chili thrips in August Kontos (spirotetramat) was registered with EPA in August Tolfenpyrad received reduced risk status for ornamental horticulture uses

23 High Priority Project: Phytophthora Phytophthora Efficacy was established as a high priority project starting with the 2003 IR-4 Workshop Limited testing the first year Phytophthora diseases remain a major concern, but as of 2008 IR-4 had tested the available new active ingredients for this set of pathogens P. ramorum

24 IR-4 Research Program for Phytophthora ( ) IR-4 sponsored 799 trials in 68 experiments from 2004 through 2009 looking at 54 different products on 10 different species IR-4 definition: trial is unique combination of crop, pathogen, product, production site Researchers Chris Becker Mike Benson Victoria Brooks * Gary Chastagner Janice Elmhirst * Kent Evans Don Ferrin Ann Gould Nik Grunwald Mary Hausbeck Alan Henn Heidi Kratsch Bob Linderman Dave Norman Aaron Palmateer AnnaMarie Pennucci M.S. Reddy Rich Regan Jim Strandberg Doug Walsh * Cooperative Research with Canada

25 Phytophthora species Phytophthora cactorum Phytophthora cinnamomi Phytophthora citricola Phytophthora cryptogea Phytophthora dreschleri Phytophthora nicotianae/parasitica Phytophthora palmivora Phytophthora ramorum Phytophthora syringae Phytophthora tropicalis

26 Efficacy across Phytophthora species Product P. cinnamomi P. cryptogea P. drechslera P. nicotianae P. palmivora P. tropicalis Adorn n Y Y Y Y Y Aliette Y n Y Y - n Alude Y n Y n - n Biophos Y n Y Y - - Disarm n n n Y - Y Fenstop Y Y Y Y - Y Heritage - n - n Y Y Insignia Y n n n - n Magellan Y n - n - n NOA Y n - Y n n Segway Y Y Y n Y Y Stature DM/SC Y Y Y Y - Y Subdue Maxx n Y n Y Y Y Vital Y n n Y - n

27 Phytophthora Conclusions Every Phytophthora and crop combination are different Not every product will work equally as well for all Phytophthora species If you have difficulties managing Phytophthora, Get help Get it identified Rotate to different products

28 Phytophthora Product Registrations Adorn (fluopicolide) Fenstop (fenamidone) Insignia (pyraclostrobin) Pageant (boscalid + pyraclostrobin) Segway (cyzofamid) Stature SC (dimethomorph)

29 IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Registration Successes Since 2003 Herbicide (8) Broadstar 0.2G (flumioxazin) * Dimension 2EW (dithiopyr) Freehand G (dimethenamid-p +pendimethalin)* Outlook* (dimethenamid-p) Pendulum 2G (pendimethalin)* Rout Herbicide (oryzalin +oxyflurfen) SureGuard (flumioxazin)* Tower EC (dimethenamid-p)* Fungicide (12) Adorn (fluopicolide) Cease Biofungicide (Bacillus subtilis) * Compass (trifloxystrobin) Compass 0 50WDG (trifloxystrobin) Endorse (polyoxin D) * Fenstop (fenamidone) * Heritage (azoxystrobin) Insignia 20SG (pyraclostrobin)* Pageant 35WG (boscalid + pyraclostrobin) Segway (cyazofamid) * Stature SC (dimethomorph) Subdue MAXX (mefonaxam) Insecticide (13) Aria 50SG (flonicamid) Celero 16WSG (clothianadin) * Kontos (spirotetramat) Conserve SC (spinosad) DPX-E2Y45 (chlorantraniliprole) Flagship (thiamethoxam)* Judo (spiromesifen) Orthene TTO (acephate)* Overture 35WP (pyridalyl) Safari 20SG (dinotefuron)* Sanmite (pyridaben)* TriStar 70WSP (acetamiprid) Ultiflora (milbemectin)* Plant Growth Regulators (2) Cycocel (chlormequat chloride) Tiburon (cyclanalide) * IR 4 data also used in CA and/or NY registration packages

30

31 Acknowledgements & Info Cooperative Research Efforts: All the fine researchers throughout the US Ely Vea & Lori Harrison Regional Coordinators North Central Satoru Miyazaki ( ) North East Edith Lurvey ( ) Southern Michelle Foo ( ) Western Becky Sisco ( ) USDA-ARS Paul Schwartz ( ) IR-4 Website:

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