Together we farm for the future

Transcription

1 Together we farm for the future 36893_Pan_Catalogue Cover_2014_Eng_02.indd 2 1/15/14 9:20 AM

2 INDEX Maize 6 Dryland Eastern Production Region 8 Dryland Western Production Region 10 Irrigation Hybrids 12 Silage Hybrids 14 Complete Crop Protection 16 Management of Genetically Modified Hybrids 18 Plant the Correct Refuge Area for Maize 20 White Hybrids Agronomic Characteristics 21 Yellow Hybrids Agronomic Characteristics 22 Plant Population Recommendations 23 Maize and Sunflower Seed Spacing Guide Other Crops 26 Sunflower 28 Soybeans 30 Dry Beans 32 Grain Sorghum 34 Wheat Forage Crops 41 Lucerne 41 Intensive Grasses and Mixtures 42 Dryland Winter Crops 42 Annual Sub-tropical Crops 42 Perennial Sub-tropical Crops Sales Team 43 Sales Representatives Contact Details 1

3 Dear PANNAR Customer The long awaited partnership with DuPont Pioneer commenced on 31 July 2013, propelling PANNAR towards an exciting new future, where enhanced research capabilities and technologies will be leveraged to build on our already solid foundation. It is important to remember that PANNAR s commercial activities will remain independent. You will continue to be serviced by your PANNAR sales representative and your product needs will continue to be met by PANNAR s exclusive and highly competitive product range. We are excited about the opportunities this partnership will yield for our business, employees and customers. While we have always strived to deliver top quality products and service, the world-class technologies and genetics that PANNAR will now be able to access, means even better performing products for our farmers in South Africa. There is already a host of exciting new products and technologies introduced to you in this seed catalogue. Thank you for your continued and loyal support. We wish you every success on your farm this year. Andrew Jarvie Managing Director Together we farm for the future 2

4 PANNAR THE FOUNDATION OF YOUR SUCCESS PANNAR is committed to making our customers farming operations more efficient and profitable. Our five point plan is summarised briefly as follows: 1. Ultra-modern research and technology: Access to greater research capacity: With an ultra-modern, world-class technology hub at our disposal, we are at the forefront of innovation in seed research and breeding. Our breeding programmes combine advanced breeding technologies and bioinformatics, ensuring high yielding varieties with improved disease, drought and insect resistance. 2. Exceptional products and crop packages: PANNAR products are characterised by exceptional performance, stability and area adaptability. Diversification is a good risk management strategy. It is achieved by compiling a cultivar package of various growth classes and agronomic characteristics. It is one of the main sources of return on investment and key to a thriving farming operation. 3. Pre-plant care: Highest quality standards are maintained by our fully certified and accredited laboratories. Top quality chemical products and polymers are identified by the PANACEA complete plant health initiative for our seed treatment programmes. This ensures good plantability and seedling vigour. This way, seed and seedlings get off to a great start, protected against early-season insect infestation and seed- and soil-borne diseases. 4. Precision planting: The PANAGRI practical on-farm research provides guidelines on optimising cultivation practices and plant populations for each particular area. Accurate seed spacing, depth and seed-to-soil contact fosters uniform emergence and is the foundation for the best possible yield potential. 5. Crop protection practices: First class seed and expert advice ensure a successful crop. By integrating top products, practical farming solutions and innovative crop care, PANNAR offers farmers a comprehensive, cost-effective risk management package to boost the profit potential of their farming business. 3

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6 You can rely on PANNAR to assist you in feeding our growing population for future generations. Harvest success with our cultivars and technical expertise. GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY LOCAL PERFORMANCE Together we farm for the future 5

7 Legend Cool Region Moderate Region Mist Belt MAIZE - DRYLAND EASTERN PRODUCTION REGION WHITE HYBRID PACKAGE The sterling performance of PANNAR s maize hybrids in the ARC national trials over the past five years underpins PANNAR s excellent germplasm and outstanding trial programme. The detailed hybrid agronomic information is provided on Page 20. PANNAR s maize package comprises various growth classes and includes conventional, stalk borer resistant, glyphosate herbicide tolerant and stacked gene hybrids that incorporate both genes. These hybrids are recommended for grain and silage production as well as maize foggage. The high potential eastern production region, which includes the West Rand, eastern Highveld, KwaZulu-Natal and cool parts of the Eastern Cape, is humid, potentially leading to a higher incidence of disease. In these production areas, it is advisable to inspect plantings regularly for plant diseases and spray if necessary. PANNAR s YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is a cost-effective management system that can considerably increase the yield potential of certain hybrids in these areas. A package of hybrids compiled out of the various growth classes is recommended for good risk diversification. Growth Class Hybrid Plant Population per ha ( 000s) Cool Temperate Mist Belt PAN 4A-111 Early PAN 4R-511R PAN 4B-311B BG 5285 BG 5485B BG 5685R Medium BG 5785BR* Early PAN 5Q-751BR PAN 5R-693R* PAN 5R-993BR* PAN 6Q-245 Medium PAN 6Q-345CB PAN 6R-665R* PAN 6R-845CBGT Medium Late PAN Main planting, highly recommended Strategic hybrid, supplementary planting *EXPERIMENTAL VARIETY/CULTIVAR Subject to registration. Early Package: PAN 4A-111, PAN 4R-511R and PAN 4B-311B (NEW): This package is recommended for all the eastern production areas. Excellent performance in the mist belt region. These hybrids have good standability, grain quality and hectolitre mass. A fungicide spray programme will benefit this package. Medium Early Package: BG 5285, BG 5485B, BG 5685R and BG 5785BR: This group of BIOGENE hybrids offers good stability, high prolificacy and is recommended for all eastern production regions. The hybrids have an attractive plant type, are agronomically well balanced and show good tolerance to Head and Tassel Smut, Northern Corn Leaf Blight and Diplodia Ear Rot. PAN 5Q-751BR: This stacked gene hybrid performed superbly in the eastern production region last season. It has good standability and is highly prolific, with good stability and an ability to compensate for varying growing conditions. It exhibits good agronomic characteristics, including good tolerance to Northern Corn Leaf Blight, Rust and Diplodia Ear Rot. PAN 5R-693R and PAN 5R-993BR (NEW): These two hybrids are versatile and perform very well in all production regions. They are highly prolific and agronomically well balanced. Medium Package: PAN 6Q-245, PAN 6Q-345CB, PAN 6R-665R and PAN 6R-845CBGT (NEW): These hybrids are similar to PAN 6Q-445B, the top performer in national trials for five consecutive years. They provide stable yields and have an ability to compensate for varying growing conditions. These hybrids dry down relatively quickly and boast good standability and high prolificacy. They are recommended as part of the main planting and display good tolerance to Diplodia Ear Rot and Grey Leaf Spot. PAN 6Q-345CB, PAN 4B-304CB, PAN 4B-312CB, PAN 6Q-408CB and PAN 6R-880CBGT incorporate the AGRISURE Corn Traits CB (Corn Borer) and GT (Glyphosate Tolerance) genes, respectively. AGRISURE Corn Traits is a registered trademark of a Syngenta Group Company. BIOGENE is a registered trademark of Pioneer. BIOGENE brand seed is distributed by PANNAR SEED (Pty) Ltd. YIELDGARD and ROUNDUP READY are registered trademarks used under licence from Monsanto Company. 6

8 MAIZE - DRYLAND EASTERN PRODUCTION REGION YELLOW HYBRID PACKAGE This formidable yellow maize package of ultra early, early and medium hybrids offers a good long-term risk diversification strategy. The YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is recommended for a selected range of hybrids. More information is provided on Page 14. The detailed hybrid agronomic information is provided on Page 21 Growth Class Ultra Early Early Medium Hybrid Plant Population per ha ( 000s) Cool Temperate Mist Belt BG 3292 BG 3492B BG 3592R BG 3792BR* PAN 3Q-240 PAN 3P-502R PAN 3Q-740BR BG 4296 PAN 3Q PAN 4B-304CB PAN 4B-312CB PAN 4R-576R* PAN 4R-776BR* PAN 4P PAN 6P-110 PAN 6Q-408CB PAN 6R-664R* PAN 6R-680R PAN 6R-880CBGT Main planting, highly recommended Strategic hybrid, supplementary planting Ultra Early Package: BG 3292, BG 3492B, BG 3592R and BG 3792BR: This group of hybrids is well adapted to the eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal. BG 3492B performed particularly well under irrigation in the eastern dryland production regions. These hybrids usually produce very few tillers and have very good standability and grain quality. They display good Diplodia Ear Rot tolerance. The recommended plant population is at least 20% higher than that for typical medium growers. The YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is recommended for optimal production. PAN 3Q-240, PAN 3P-502R and PAN 3Q-740BR: This group of hybrids is well adapted to the eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal. These hybrids usually produce very few tillers and have very good standability. The recommended plant population is at least 20% higher than that for typical medium growers. The YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is recommended for optimal production. Early Package: BG 4296, PAN 3Q-222 and PAN 4P-228: This early package performs well across the eastern Highveld, KwaZulu-Natal and especially the cool production regions such as the eastern Free State. This range of hybrids complements the medium package for good risk diversification. The YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is recommended for optimal production. The hybrids usually produce very few tillers and exhibit good standability. These hybrids should be planted at a considerably higher plant population than the medium hybrids. PAN 4B-304CB and PAN 4B-312CB (NEW): Both hybrids are recommended for the temperate and cool eastern production regions. The hybrids stalk borer resistance is provided by the Bt11 gene from the Syngenta stable. The YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is recommended for optimal production. The hybrids usually produce very few tillers and have good standability. These hybrids should be planted at a considerably higher plant population than the medium hybrids. PAN 4R-576R and PAN 4R-776BR (NEW): Both hybrids are recommended for all the eastern production regions. Medium Package: The medium class hybrids all perform well in the eastern production regions and are also suitable for silage or maize foggage. It is important to plant this range of medium hybrids at the recommended plant population for the respective production region. PAN 6P-110: This hybrid produces very good results in the eastern production region with good stability. It displays good standability and general disease resistance. Prolificacy is exceptional. Recommended as refuge for PAN 6Q-408CB. PAN 6Q-408CB: The stalk borer resistance in this hybrid is provided by the Bt11 gene. This hybrid descends from PAN 6Q-308B and has an excellent record of performance in the eastern production region. Quick dry down to harvest, very widely adapted with good stability. PAN 6Q-408CB is recommended for the main planting. It is strong agronomically, with good standability, high prolificacy and general disease tolerance. PAN 6R-680R (NEW): This glyphosate herbicide tolerant hybrid has had exceptionally stable performance over various seasons and across the entire eastern production region. A good choice where high weed pressure is observed, as well as for the refuge for PAN 6R-880CBGT. PAN 6R-880CBGT (NEW): This stacked gene hybrid offers the benefits of stalk borer resistance and tolerance to glyphosate herbicide. It is similar to the above hybrids and is well adapted to the eastern production region. NB! The management of possible insect resistance to the Bt gene is legally binding. The planting of a refuge according to regulations is required where any Bt hybrids are used (B, CB, BR or CBGT). Refer to the schematic guidelines on Page 18. 7

9 Legend North Eastern Free State North West Far North West, South Western Free State and Limpopo North Western Free State MAIZE - DRYLAND WESTERN PRODUCTION REGION WHITE HYBRID PACKAGE The white hybrid package is distinguished by its exceptional performance and stability. Hybrids in this range differ in terms of growth class and plant type and complement each other well as part of the main planting. The detailed hybrid agronomic information is provided on Page 20. The PANNAR white maize package comprises an excellent range of medium early and medium hybrids while the medium range of yellow hybrids is a formidable package. The hybrids offer outstanding performance and stability across all western dryland production regions. The western production region includes the North West, the western Free State and Limpopo. Good risk diversification in the western region is achieved by management of the planting date and good moisture conservation practices. An important requirement for hybrids in this region is high prolificacy, in order to maximise production when optimal conditions occur and minimise risk under sub-optimal conditions. Growth Class Early Medium Early Medium Hybrid PAN 4A-111 PAN 4R-511R PAN 4B-311B BG 5285 BG 5485B BG 5685R BG 5785BR PAN 5Q-749BR PAN 5Q-751BR PAN 5R-693R PAN 5R-993BR PAN 6Q-245 PAN 6Q-345CB PAN 6R-665R PAN 6R-845CBGT PAN 6479 North Western Free State Plant Population per ha ( 000s) North Eastern Free State North West Low Rainfall ** Main planting, highly recommended Strategic hybrid, supplementary planting **South western Free State, western parts of the North West and Limpopo. Early Package: PAN 4A-111, PAN 4R-511R and PAN 4B-311B: This package is recommended in the north eastern Free State production area. The hybrids demonstrate good standability, grain quality and hectolitre mass. A fungicide spray programme benefits this package. Medium Early Package: BG 5285, BG 5485B, BG 5685R and BG 5785BR (NEW): These BIOGENE hybrids achieved very good, stable performance in PANNAR s national trials. They are recommended as part of the main planting for all the western production regions (north western Free State, north eastern Free State and North West). These hybrids perform very well on the sandy soils of the north western Free State. The hybrids have an attractive plant type, are highly prolific and agronomically well balanced. They display good tolerance to Head and Tassel Smut, Northern Corn Leaf Blight and Diplodia Ear Rot. PAN 5Q-749BR: This hybrid is distinguished by its top performance and stability in the north western Free State and North West area. It exhibits very good standability and high prolificacy and usually produces very few tillers. BG 5685R and PAN 5R-693R are suitable as refuge for the BR hybrids. PAN 5Q-751BR: This hybrid is characterised by its top performance, high prolificacy and good agronomic characteristics. This stacked gene hybrid performs very well in the north western Free State, north eastern Free State and North West production regions. It is stable, usually produces very few tillers and performs exceptionally well on sandy soils. PAN 5R-693R and PAN 5R-993BR (NEW): These two hybrids are versatile and perform particularly well in the drier production regions. They are highly prolific and agronomically well balanced. Medium Package: PAN 6Q-245, PAN 6Q-345CB, PAN 6R-665R and PAN 6R-845CBGT (NEW): These hybrids are similar to PAN 6Q-445B, which has been the overall top performer in South Africa for the past five seasons. They are recommended as part of the main planting in the north eastern Free State, north western Free State and North West production regions. These hybrids are all highly prolific and exhibit excellent yield performance and stability. They dry down quickly and display good Diplodia tolerance. 8

10 MAIZE - DRYLAND WESTERN PRODUCTION REGION YELLOW HYBRID PACKAGE The medium class hybrids are a formidable package and are also particularly suitable as maize foggage or silage. The detailed hybrid agronomic information is provided on Page 21. Growth Class Ultra Early Early Medium Hybrid North Western Free State Plant Population per ha ( 000s) North Eastern Free State North West Low Rainfall ** BG 3292 BG 3492B BG 3592R BG 3792BR PAN 3Q-240 PAN 3P-502R PAN 3Q-740BR BG 4296 PAN 3Q PAN 4B-304CB PAN 4B-312CB PAN 4R-576R PAN 4R-776BR PAN 4P PAN 6P-110 PAN 6Q-408CB PAN 6R-664R PAN 6R-680R PAN 6R-880CBGT PAN 4B-304CB and PAN 4B-312CB (NEW): Both hybrids are recommended for the north eastern Free State. The stalk borer resistance in these hybrids is provided by the Bt11 gene from the Syngenta stable. PAN 4R-576R and PAN 4R-776BR (NEW): Both hybrids are recommended for the north eastern Free State. Medium Package: This medium range of hybrids performs well in the western production regions and is also suitable for silage production or maize foggage. PAN 6P-110: This hybrid delivers good results across the entire western production region. It has good standability and general disease resistance. Prolificacy is exceptional. It is recommended as refuge for PAN 6Q-408CB. PAN 6Q-408CB: This hybrid has an excellent performance record and is stalk borer resistant. It is widely adapted, highly prolific with good stability and standability. It is recommended for the main planting. PAN 6R-680R (NEW): This glyphosate herbicide tolerant hybrid provides excellent, stable performance across all production regions. A good choice where high weed pressure is observed, as well as for the refuge for PAN 6R-880CBGT. PAN 6R-880CBGT (NEW): This stacked gene hybrid offers the benefits of stalk borer protection and tolerance to glyphosate herbicide. It is similar to PAN 6Q-408CB and PAN 6R-680R. Main planting, highly recommended Strategic hybrid, supplementary planting **South western Free State, western parts of the North West and Limpopo. Ultra Early Package: BG 3292, BG 3492B, BG 3592R, BG 3792BR, PAN 3Q-240, PAN 3P-502R and PAN 3Q-740BR: This group of hybrids is well adapted to the high potential soils of the north western Free State and north eastern Free State. These hybrids are not genetically prone to tiller and display very good standability. The BG hybrids exhibit good grain quality. The plant population should be increased by at least 20% more than that of the typical medium growers. The YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is recommended for optimal production. Early Package: BG 4296, PAN 3Q-222 and PAN 4P-228: This group of hybrids is well adapted to the north eastern Free State. This range complements the medium package for good risk diversification. The YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is recommended for optimal production. These hybrids exhibit good standability, usually produce very few tillers and are recommended at a higher plant population. NB! The management of possible insect resistance to the Bt gene is legally binding. The planting of a refuge according to regulations is required where any Bt hybrids are used (B, CB, BR or CBGT). Refer to schematic guidelines on Page 18. PAN 6Q-345CB, PAN 4B-304CB, PAN 4B-312CB, PAN 6Q-408CB and PAN 6R-880CBGT incorporate the AGRISURE Corn Traits CB (Corn Borer) and GT (Glyphosate Tolerance) genes, respectively. AGRISURE Corn Traits is a registered trademark of a Syngenta Group Company. BIOGENE is a registered trademark of Pioneer. BIOGENE brand seed is distributed by PANNAR SEED (Pty) Ltd. YIELDGARD and ROUNDUP READY are registered trademarks used under licence from Monsanto Company. 9

11 THE BEST UNDER IRRIGATION YELLOW HYBRID PACKAGE The ultra early hybrids provide top yield results when best management practices are applied, including irrigation scheduling. Under these conditions, PANNAR s ultra early hybrids have produced exceptional yields in excess of twenty tonnes per hectare. The detailed hybrid agronomic information is provided on Page 21. The ultra early hybrids typically have a single stem, an upright growth habit, tend to be single cobbing and have excellent standability. The foundation for a high potential grain yield is accurate planting: spacing plants uniformly within the row and planting at the same depth. Uniform seedling emergence creates the opportunity for optimal production per plant. The ultra early hybrids are recommended at a high plant population and it is therefore advisable to reduce planting speed to ensure the best possible intra-row plant spacing (six kilometres per hour is ideal). If cultivations take place under less intensive management conditions, the medium growth class hybrids may be considered for planting under irrigation. Yield results in excess of 12 tonnes per hectare are realistic for this type of hybrid. PANNAR s ultra early yellow hybrid package is an industry leader. PANNAR s irrigation package comprises conventional, stalk borer resistant, glyphosate herbicide tolerant and stacked gene hybrids. Cultivar choice is very important, with the emphasis on stability. The package can be utilised in a single or double cropping system, where, for example, maize follows wheat cultivation. The ultra early growth class hybrids are the obvious choice in a wheat-maize rotation system. Leaf disease management is a top priority for farmers in the eastern production region. The YIELDBOOST fungicide and insecticide spray programmes (specifically chemical stalk borer control on conventional and glyphosate tolerant hybrids) are recommended for improved production efficiency of selected maize hybrids. Control of disease ensures optimal production with the additional benefits of good standability and grain quality. The hybrids identified for this programme are revised annually for the new planting season. More information on which hybrids benefit from the fungicide and/or insecticide spray programme is available from PANNAR representatives. Growth Class Ultra Early Early Medium Hybrid Plant Population per ha ( 000s) Eastern Highveld and KwaZulu- Natal Warm western Highveld, Limpopo and Eastern Cape Northern Cape BG 3292 BG 3492B BG 3592R BG 3792BR PAN 6126 PAN 3Q-240 PAN 3D-736BR PAN 3P-502R PAN 3Q-740BR BG PAN 4B-304CB PAN 4B-312CB PAN 4P PAN 3Q PAN 6P-110 PAN 6Q-408CB PAN 6R-680R PAN 6R-880CBGT Ultra Early Package: PAN 6126: This hybrid is a top performer, especially in the warm irrigation regions. PAN 6126 is renowned for its good yield performance and stability. It competes favourably with the Bt and BR hybrids when good stalk borer control is achieved. Under the YIELDBOOST initiative, PANNAR offers a subsidy on a stalk borer spray programme for a selected group of conventional and glyphosate tolerant hybrids. Farmers are encouraged to regularly inspect crops for stalk borer infestation to ensure timely and effective control. PAN 3Q-240: This conventional hybrid is a good teammate for PAN It performs very well and is adapted to all production regions. It competes favourably with the Bt and BR hybrids when good stalk borer control is achieved. Regular inspection of crops for stalk borer infestation is essential. BG 3292, BG 3492B, BG 3592R and BG 3792BR: The complete range of hybrids performed very well under commercial conditions and in PANNAR s multiseason irrigation trials over the past three years. They have good stability and are recommended for all production areas. The hybrids are agronomically well balanced with good standability and show good tolerance to Rust and Diplodia Ear Rot, producing high quality grain. Where the ultra early hybrids are grown in the eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal, the YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme is recommended for best results. PAN 3D-736BR: This hybrid is a solid performer. It is a versatile stacked gene hybrid similar to the well-known PAN 6236B and is an excellent replacement with the additional benefit of glyphosate herbicide tolerance. It is a leading hybrid under irrigation. PAN 3P-502R: This hybrid with glyphosate herbicide tolerance produced good results in the ARC multi-season irrigation trials. It is well adapted to all production regions and is a good choice where high weed pressure is observed, as well as for the refuge for PAN 3D-736BR and PAN 3Q-740BR. PAN 3Q-740BR: This stacked gene hybrid has been a top performer under irrigation in all production regions. It shows excellent performance in the ARC irrigation trials and has good grain quality. Early Package: BG 4296: This conventional hybrid performs very well and is suited to the eastern production regions. With effective stalk borer control, this hybrid performs on par with Bt and BR hybrids. The ideal hybrid to plant as a refuge for Bt hybrids. PAN 3Q-222: This conventional hybrid performs favourably and is adapted to all production regions. It produces high quality grain with a reddish colour. PAN 4B-304CB and PAN 4B-312CB (NEW): Both hybrids are characterised by outstanding performance. The stalk borer resistance in these hybrids is provided by the Bt11 gene from the Syngenta stable. PAN 4P-228: This conventional hybrid performs very well and is adapted to the eastern production region. Very attractive plant type with few tillers. Medium Package: PAN 6P-110, PAN 6Q-408CB, PAN 6R-680R and PAN 6R-880CBGT (NEW): These hybrids are well suited to irrigated single-cropping systems. They display good standability and general disease resistance. Stable hybrids suitable for grain or silage production. Main planting, highly recommended Strategic hybrid, supplementary planting 10

12 THE BEST UNDER IRRIGATION WHITE HYBRID PACKAGE Where later maturity hybrids are used under irrigation, the following hybrids fit in well. The white range includes South Africa s most popular green mealie SC 701. It is sold exclusively by PANNAR SEED in South Africa and Namibia. Growth Class Early Medium Early Medium Medium Late Green Mealie Main planting, highly recommended Strategic hybrid, supplementary planting Early Package: Hybrid PAN 4A-111 PAN 4R-511R PAN 4B-311B BG 5285 BG 5485B BG 5685R BG 5785BR PAN 6Q-245 PAN 6Q-345CB PAN 6R-665R PAN 6R-845CBGT Plant Population per ha ( 000s) Eastern Highveld and KwaZulu- Natal Warm western Highveld, Limpopo and Eastern Cape Northern Cape PAN SC PAN 4A-111, PAN 4R-511R and PAN 4B-311B (NEW): The package performs particularly well in the eastern production areas. The hybrids have good standability, grain quality and hectolitre mass. The package benefits from a fungicide spray programme. Medium Early Package: BG 5285, BG 5485B, BG 5685R and BG 5785BR: These BIOGENE hybrids are well suited to single-cropping systems under supplementary irrigation. The hybrids have an attractive plant type with good agronomic balance and show good tolerance to Head and Tassel Smut, Northern Corn Leaf Blight and Diplodia Ear Rot. Medium Package: PAN 6Q-245, PAN 6Q-345CB, PAN 6R-665R and PAN 6R-845CBGT (NEW): These hybrids are well suited to single-cropping systems under supplementary irrigation. Medium Late Package: PAN 6777: This hybrid displays good standability and leaf disease tolerance. It offers very good Grey Leaf Spot resistance. PAN 6777 performs particularly well in the eastern region. It is also an excellent choice for silage making. Good aluminium tolerance. Green Mealie: SC 701: With its big, tasty kernels, large cob and exceptional shelf life, SC 701 is undoubtedly the current leader in the green and roasting mealie industry in South Africa. It is also suitable for the production of baby corn. As it falls in the medium late growth class, SC 701 dries down slowly. It is also an excellent silage cultivar. SC 701, which has good tolerance to Maize Streak Virus, is recommended at a population of between and plants per hectare. A population of plants per hectare in the high season, when green mealies are readily available, will ensure the bigger marketable cobs preferred by street vendors (hawkers). Farmers are advised to take preventative measures against Grey Leaf Spot. NB! The management of possible insect resistance to the Bt gene is legally binding. The planting of a refuge according to regulations is required where any Bt hybrids (B, CB, BR or CBGT) are used. Refer to schematic guidelines on Page 18. PAN 6Q-345CB, PAN 4B-304CB, PAN 4B-312CB, PAN 6Q-408CB and PAN 6R-880CBGT incorporate the AGRISURE Corn Traits CB (Corn Borer) and GT (Glyphosate Tolerance) genes, respectively. AGRISURE Corn Traits is a registered trademark of a Syngenta Group Company. BIOGENE is a registered trademark of Pioneer. BIOGENE brand seed is distributed by PANNAR SEED (Pty) Ltd. SC 701 Developed by SEED CO sold under exclusive licence by PANNAR SEED (Pty) Ltd in South Africa and Namibia. YIELDGARD and ROUNDUP READY are registered trademarks used under licence from Monsanto Company. 11

13 MAIZE MAIZE HYBRIDS FOR SILAGE Good maize silage is an integral component of feedlots, dairies and other intensive livestock production systems in South Africa. PANNAR provides a complete package of maize silage hybrids to satisfy the requirements of these systems. Hybrid Selection The energy value of silage depends on the amount of grain it contains. The best grain-producing hybrids in a particular area are usually the best adapted to local growing conditions and therefore also likely the best silage-producing hybrids. The following aspects should be taken into consideration when selecting a hybrid: adaptability; disease pressure; targeted date for cutting; whether a contractor will be hired to harvest the crop; as well as yield and quality desired. Each of these factors affects the ultimate yield and the quality of the silage obtained. PANNAR markets a range of maize hybrids for use as silage hybrids. Medium season hybrids should make up the bulk of silage plantings, due to their consistent and reliable yield performance. Depending on heat units, medium season hybrids are ready for cutting after approximately 105 to 150 days. This growth class generally offers good disease resistance and an extended cutting window of 10 to 20 days. A plant population 10 to 20% higher than normal is recommended for silage production. The PANNAR medium maturity yellow hybrid package is deemed the best by producers on the Highveld. MILK LINE The ideal time to cut your silage is at 50% milk line when the moisture content of the plant as a whole is about 65% and grain moisture is around 37%. If a large area of maize is to be cut for silage, it is important to ensure that the latter part of the harvest is not too dry. The moisture content is most accurately determined by weighing a representative sample and drying it in an oven for 24 hours at 105 C. Ultra early, early and medium early hybrids can complement the medium package. The primary advantage of these quicker maturing hybrids (varying from 90 to 120 days from planting to cutting) is earlier establishment of subsequent crops such as ryegrass and wheat. In regions with sufficient heat units, two silage crops can be harvested in a single season under irrigation. This class of hybrids also has excellent feed value due to its high grain-to-leaf and -stalk ratio. An important consideration is the inherently short cutting window of these hybrids, due to their quick maturity. This may be a risk factor, as timing is of the essence for cutting silage. As the ultra early and medium early hybrids are generally more susceptible to disease, a preventative fungicide spray programme is recommended, especially in the eastern production regions. It is recommended that these hybrids be planted at a 40% higher plant population than hybrids in the other growth classes, as the ultra early hybrids have fewer leaves and a shorter plant type. Please select hybrids from the range as categorised by production region or consult your PANNAR representative. 12

14 MAIZE SILAGE - CALCULATIONS Our silage calculations are aimed at making silage as cost effective as possible. To ensure the best results, PANNAR recommends using the best lands for silage production, in order to keep to a minimum the area that is required to meet the silage needs. General Questions: What is the optimum cutting period? The optimum cutting period is a main consideration for silage making. Continuous monitoring of the moisture content or maturity of the maize is necessary from about four weeks after pollination. Moisture content at harvest should be between 65 and 70%. Although there are sophisticated procedures available to determine the moisture content of maize, the milk line of the kernel provides a good indication of the maturity of the maize plants. The milk line is the border where the fluid and solid portions of the kernel meet. How much silage can be produced? The following formulas may be used to calculate the approximate amount of silage that could be harvested per cutting per hectare. The formulas provide a reasonably good indication of the amount (Crafford & Nott). a. ( Rainfall (mm) x Soil depth (cm) ) X 1,09 = Wet silage yield in t/ha 88,90 x 15,24 b. Dry material (DM) silage yield in t/ha = (Grain yield (t) x 1,14) + 1,97 (DM 0,3 = Wet silage) What is the production cost of silage? Producing silage is not cheap. It involves exactly the same input costs as maize for grain production; however silage production requires a higher plant population than grain production. The objective is to make silage as cost effectively as possible. Like any intensive grazing system, it is only recommended for high-producing animals. For best results, use the best lands for silage production, in order to keep to a minimum the area required to meet the silage needs. How much do the animals need? The figures below are approximate quantities and serve only as a guideline for the quantity of feed required. However, also keep in mind that wastage occurs when removing the silage from the bunker and at the troughs when animals feed. This wastage may amount to as much as 15% and must be brought into consideration when calculating the amount of silage that will be required to meet the animals roughage needs. Moreover, roughage does not adequately meet the daily nutrient requirements of the animal and supplementation is necessary. Supplementation systems encompass energy- and/or protein-rich licks or supplementary feeding. A simple way is to calculate the feed needs in terms of livestock units per month. Approximate feed requirements of livestock unit per month (LSU/M): Tonnes / Month (wet) Dry cow (450 kg) 1,0 Cow with calf (450 kg) 1,0 Heifer (320 kg) 0,7 Heifer in calf 1,0 Steer (320 kg) 0,7 Steer (400 kg) 0,9 Weaner (270 kg) 0,6 Ewe with or without lamb 0,2 Approximate livestock units per tonne of feed: LSU / Month in tonnes Silage (wet) 1,0-1,5 (30 kg wet silage/(lsu/day) X 30 days in a month = roughly 1 tonne wet silage) Lucerne or grass hay (dry) 2,0-3,0 The above mentioned guidelines can also be expressed as follows: Sheep: A fully-grown sheep requires 4,5 kg wet silage (1,5 kg dry material) per day. A large sheep needs 1,7 kg of dry silage per day, meaning 0,62 tons of dry silage per year. Cattle: A fully-grown cow requires 30 kg of wet silage (10 kg dry material) per day. A fully-grown cow needs 3,65 to 4,7 tonnes of dry silage per year, depending on its frame size. High quality silage fed ad-lib may make animals over-fat. 13

15 MAIZE COMPLETE CROP PROTECTION PANNAR is committed to supporting farmers by providing first-class products and expertise. We strive to deliver tailored advice and service through our team of experienced sales representatives and agronomists. The trademark PANACEA represents PANNAR s complete plant health initiative. It includes the advice and seed treatment products that add value to our seed. The initiative involves a complete risk management package for crop farmers and our seed-producing partners: First-class advice on diseases, pests and pathogens that occur on the farmer s crops from time-to-time. Advice on possible control measures of such threats. PANNAR identifies the best-suited seed treatments for the various crop seeds. For your convenience, some standard seed treatments are applied in PANNAR s factories - the farmer receives seed that is ready to plant. PANNAR undertakes to continuously identify new products on behalf of the farmer and to scientifically evaluate each to determine whether it will add value to the company s seed products. PANNAR evaluates new fungicides and insecticides from various respected agrochemical companies on an annual basis, in order to advise its seed production partners and commercial farmers. Spray programmes are developed and established for PANNAR to identify the most economically efficient combinations and advise the farmer during his/her decision-making process. YIELDBOOST The YIELDBOOST fungicide and insecticide spray programmes are the fruit of the PANACEA initiative that enable the farmer to benefit from the value of PANNAR s research in this discipline firsthand, under commercial planting conditions. YIELDBOOST fungicide spray programme: In PANNAR s extensive research programme, it is recognised that certain high potential maize hybrids are more susceptible to disease. All of PANNAR s hybrids are tested every season in various environments for their fungicide response. A series of unique fungicide spray programmes is developed from the findings. Although the primary aim of fungicide application is to control disease to foster a better yield, an additional advantage is that plants usually remain green and healthy for a longer period of time, which is advantageous for standability and the grain quality of the harvest. Results indicate that there are significant differences between hybrid responses to various spray programmes. The risk profiles of certain hybrids indicate that some may need two or even three sprays, depending on the seasonal conditions, where others may require only one or even no spraying at all. The YIELDBOOST fungicide programme also highlights the fact that fungicide applications should be a cost-effective management tool in maize production and supports responsible rather than indiscriminate spraying. The most significant improvements in production efficiency are discernible among the ultra early and medium early maize hybrids and the most effective spray programme comprises a combination of various tested fungicides. More information regarding hybrid sensitivities and the fungicide spray programme is available from PANNAR s representatives. Fungicide spray programmes: The most effective fungicide spray programme comprises two sprays during the growing period. PANNAR research found that the best results are obtained with a preventative spray programme. The recommendation is that the first application takes place at the five to eight leaf stage, with the second spray 21 to 28 days later. For each spray, the farmer may select either of the recommended options according to his/her own preference. Time of Spraying (timing is of the essence) First Spray 5-8 Leaf stage (Preferably applied with a self-propelled or tractor spray rig. If not practical, an aerial application.) Second Spray Days later (ground or aerial application) *Select one of the proposed options for each spray. **Important: Refer to and use only as indicated on the label. Option* Fungicide Dose/ha** 1 AmistarTop 500 ml/ha 2 Abacus 1,6 litres/ha 3 Nativo 1 litre/ha 4 Acanto Plus 280 SC 700 ml/ha 1 Artea 500 ml/ha PunchXtra ml BP Crop ml/ha Oil (Optional) PunchC ml BP Crop 500 ml/ha Oil (Optional) 4 Duett 1-1,2 litres/ha Abacus: L8048; 62,5 g/l Pyraclostrobin (strobilurin), 62,5 g/l Epoxiconazole (triazole) (BASF) Acanto Plus 280SC: L9149; 200 g/l Picoxystrobin (strobilurin), 80 g/l Cyproconazole (triazole) (DuPont) Amistar Top: L7897; 200 g/l Azoxystrobin (strobilurin), 125 g/l Difenoconazole (triazole) (Syngenta) Nativo: L8942; 100 g/l Trifloxystrobin (strobilurin), 200 g/l Tebuconazole (triazole) (Bayer) Artea: L6820; 80 g/l Cyproconazole (triazole), 250 g/l Propiconazole (triazole) (Syngenta) Duett: L5791; 125 g/l Epoxiconazole (triazole), 125 g/l Carbendazim (benzimidazole) (BASF) PunchC: L3626; 250 g/l Flusilazole (silicone triazole), 125 g/l Carbendazim (benzimidazole) (DuPont) PunchXtra: L4243; 125 g/l Flusilazole (silicone triazole), 250 g/l Carbendazim (benzimidazole) (DuPont) 14

16 MAIZE COMPLETE CROP PROTECTION PANNAR s combination of exceptional products and innovative pre-plant seed and post-plant crop care offers a complete risk management package for crop producers. Stalk borer spray programme: The YIELDBOOST stalk borer spray programme is a PANNAR initiative to increase the productivity of selected maize hybrids. The spray programme provides excellent stalk borer control in maize with quick knockdown and residual action. It controls all stages in the stalk borer life cycle. The YIELDBOOST insecticide strategy focuses on the non-bt hybrids. The proactive stalk borer spray programme maximises the yield potential of specific top-performing maize hybrids. A subsidy is available for the stalk borer programme on selected conventional and glyphosate tolerant hybrids. The stalk borer spray programme specifically targets the Lepidopteran insects. After ingestion of the product, larvae stop feeding almost immediately and subsequently die. These insecticide products have egg sterilising properties and control larvae. Consequently, it is active on the entire life cycle of stalk borer. It is environmentally friendly and safe for other insects. It reduces the chance of red spider mite outbreak. The products are registered for application by centre pivot, tractor and highboy sprayer. Under normal conditions they should provide control for 14 days. Best practice would be to monitor moth populations and spray preventatively when moth flights peak or at the first signs of damage (holes in plants), or alternatively if 10% egg infestation is observed in the leaf sheath. Stalk borer spray programmes: A choice of two insecticides is available on the subsidy programme: Option 1 Insecticide STEWARD 150 EC Dose/ha** Ground Application Aerial Application 300 ml/ha or 250 ml/ ha + Pyrethroid for centre pivot 2 Ampligo 120 ml/ha in 90 cm 1,08 ml/100 m row or rows **Important: Refer to and use only as indicated on the label litre water/ha litre water/ha STEWARD 150 EC; 150 g/l Indoxacarb. Use only as indicated on the label. STEWARD is the registered trademark of DuPont. Ampligo ; L8685; 100 g/l Chlorantraniliprole and 50 g/l Lambda-cyhalothrin. Ampligo is the registered trademark of a Syngenta Group Company. For more information regarding these initatives, please contact your PANNAR representative or agronomist. CROP DISEASE POCKET GUIDES ( BAKKIE BUDDIES ) PANNAR s exclusive maize and sunflower diagnostic disease field guides are available in a handy pocket size. The series will in future also be extended to soybeans, wheat, sorghum and dry beans. The pocket guides are ideal for the identification of the most important crop diseases. The pocket guides include all the important and well-known diseases and some pests and disorders of our range of agronomic crops in South Africa. They include colour photos that clearly show the noted problems and also provide information on diseases causative organisms (or the cause of disorders), briefly describe the symptoms thereof and provide general notes on each topic. Most diseases were selected on the basis of their economic significance to the industry. The crop disease pocket guides are compiled by PANNAR s plant pathology team, Dr Rikus Kloppers and Ms Vicky Knight, in consultation with various local and international crop specialists. The comprehensive maize disease fact sheets (available on PANNAR s website), focus primarily on Southern Africa and often refer to local case studies of diseases that have occurred over the past decade, but also show some of the diseases, disorders and pests that have not yet occurred here, but farmers should look out for. It includes aspects such as new control measures, disease resistance (see agronomic tables) and agrochemical recommendations. The crop disease pocket guides are available on PANNAR s website and at landbou.com/hulpmiddels. You can download the PANNAR Grain Crop Disease app free of charge from the Apple App Store, Google Play Store (for Android devices) or BlackBerry App World. Just search for PANNAR or follow the link from our mobisite PANNAR encourages farmers to convey their personal plant disease experiences, both typical and exceptional cases, to the editors for inclusion in updated versions. 15

17 MANAGEMENT OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED MAIZE HYBRIDS GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT HYBRIDS Hybrids with glyphosate tolerance offer effective crop management with unsurpassed broad-spectrum weed control and excellent crop protection. Use of this technology simplifies management considerably, has no residual effect in the soil and is environmentally friendly. It is essential to use a glyphosate tolerant hybrid as refuge for the stacked gene hybrids. The use of genetically modified hybrids has made a significant impact on the management requirements and yield of maize. Glyphosate tolerance simplifies weed control and the Bt gene reduces the impact of stalk borer damage. Both of these features minimise the potential yield loss of the crop. PANNAR s superior genetics are available in stalk borer resistant, glyphosate tolerant or stacked form, where both traits are combined in one hybrid. Grain producers may only cultivate hybrids containing any of the Genetically Modified (GM) genes if they have signed a valid Technology and Product Stewardship Agreement, thereby accepting the strict conditions and responsibilities regarding the planting and cultivation of the seed. Farmers are required to acquaint themselves with the GMO user guidelines and adhere to the requirements regarding the planting of suitable refuge areas in the case of Bt hybrids, and the prescribed herbicide dosage and time of application for glyphosate tolerant hybrids. If there is any risk of crosspollination from GM-maize to non-gm-maize cultivated for non-transgenic contracts, please take the necessary isolation precautions to minimise it. PANNAR markets maize hybrids with the glyphosate tolerance gene under licence from Monsanto (ROUNDUP READY maize) and from Syngenta (AGRISURE GT (GA21)). Only ROUNDUP POWERMAX (L7769) herbicide is recommended by the registration holder for post-emergence use on ROUNDUP READY maize. For maize hybrids with the Syngenta AGRISURE GT gene, only TOUCHDOWN Forte HITECH (L7305) or HALEX (L8415) is recommended by the registration holder for post-emergence use. Glyphosate herbicide may be applied in combination with certain residual pre- and post-emergence herbicides, independently or as tank mixtures. This provides additional flexibility and better weed control. Please consult your PANNAR or chemical representative for guidelines for safe and optimal use of the glyphosate tolerant cultivars. Management Guidelines: Broadcast (over the top) glyphosate herbicide application can only take place from the GROUND CRACKING STAGE UP TO THE V8 STAGE of the maize plant. The V8 stage is reached when the first plants in the field have eight leaves with closed collars around the main stem. The actual number of visible leaves may be more. Do not make broadcast applications if mechanical crop damage will occur due to the passage of the spray rig. BROADCAST APPLICATION AFTER THE V8 STAGE MAY RESULT IN YIELD LOSS OR DELAYED MATURITY. For best results, use flat fan or twin jet nozzles that are suitable for low water volume deliveries. Where sequential applications are necessary to control specific weed species (e.g. Cyperus esculentus), the second application should not occur within 10 days of the first application. If by this time the maize is beyond the V8 stage, a post directed application (see below) will be necessary. Directed glyphosate applications between the rows can be made after the V8 stage, where row spacing permits the passage of the application equipment without causing mechanical damage to the maize crop. AGRISURE GT (GA21) and the Syngenta logo are trademarks of, and used under licence from, a Syngenta Group Company. ROUNDUP READY is a registered trademark used under licence from Monsanto Company. 16

18 MANAGEMENT OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED MAIZE HYBRIDS STALK BORER RESISTANT HYBRIDS The stalk borer resistance gene in the PANNAR stalk borer resistant hybrids offers protection against first and second instar stalk borers and affords the crop the opportunity to develop to its full potential. The Bt gene will only control small, immature larvae and not adult larvae. Refer to schematic guidelines on Page18. Insect Resistance Management Strategy: The purpose of the strategy is the protection of the technology extending its shelf life and ensuring its long-term usability. The insect resistance management strategy comprises the following elements and is legally binding: Knowledge of pest biology and ecology. Refugia to support the development of Bt susceptible insects. Monitoring and reporting of incidents of insect resistance development. Implementation of integrated pest management practices. Communication and education. The refuge area is a legal requirement and an integral component of Bt maize (B, CB, BR and CBGT) production. It must be planted in strict accordance with the applicable laws and rules. Please take the necessary precautions to protect the Bt technology. The refuge is also important if farmers encounter problems of any sort with Bt plantings. Continuous monitoring of maize plantings and stalk borer populations is important. Regular inspection will enable farmers to intervene and apply insecticides if it appears that the stalk borer population is not being controlled by the Bt technology. Please consult your PANNAR representative for guidelines for the safe and optimal use of the Bt technology. The farmer can select one of the following options to plant a refuge: Option A: 5% non-bt maize refuge that may not be treated with an insecticide. In practice, this means that for every 95 hectares of stalk borer resistant maize, the farmer must plant five hectares of non-bt maize (i.e. maize without any Bt genes). This non-bt maize may not be treated with any insecticide registered for control of maize stalk borers. Option B: 20% non-bt maize refuge that may be sprayed with a non-bt protein-containing insecticide/biopesticide. In practice, this means that for every 80 hectares of stalk borer resistant maize, the farmer must plant 20 hectares of non-bt maize (i.e. maize without any Bt genes). This non-bt maize can be treated with registered insecticides, but not with insecticides that contain Bt proteins. In addition to planting a refuge according to Option A or B, the grower must also adhere to certain important requirements when planting the refuge. AGRISURE CB (Bt11) and the Syngenta logo are trademarks of, and used under licence from, a Syngenta Group Company. YIELDGARD is a registered trademark used under licence from Monsanto Company. Refuge: The non-bt maize (i.e. refuge) must - - have a similar maturity to the Bt maize; - be planted within seven days of planting the Bt maize; - be planted on the same farm as the Bt maize; and - be planted under the same cultivation techniques and growing conditions applicable to the Bt maize. Thus, if the Bt maize is planted under irrigation, the refuge maize must also be planted under irrigation. That being said, bear in mind that less water may be distributed at the outer edge of the irrigated field than in the centre. Every farmer must plant his/her own refuge maize. In other words, neighbouring farmers non-bt maize lands cannot serve as refuge. Refuge strip areas must be at least six rows wide with no crossover of Bt and non-bt rows. Refuge areas must be positioned in such a manner that some refuge is planted on the outside borders of the Bt maize. Mixing of Bt maize seed and non-bt maize (refuge) seed is not permissible. Refuge maize must be planted in such a manner that no Bt plant is more than 400 m away from a refuge maize plant. Farmers must regularly monitor and inspect (weekly) their lands and immediately contact their seed representative/agent if stalk borer infestation exceeds the threshold values in the Bt maize. In the case of Monsanto, the threshold is 10% or more plants damaged, in the case of Syngenta, it is 5% or more plants. Compliance with the insect resistance management strategy and particularly with the refuge requirements will be monitored as follows: On-farm compliance monitoring by an independent third party; and General compliance monitoring at individual seed company level during farmer visits. The representative is required to advise the farmer to ensure on-farm compliance with the refuge planting provisions. It is of the utmost importance that the necessary technology stewardship requirements are observed. In instances where farmers do not comply with these requirements, it will be seen in a very serious light. Detailed guidelines for Bt maize production are available from the PANNAR representative. 17

19 MAIZE PLANT THE CORRECT REFUGE AREA FOR MAIZE STEP 1: Choose the option best suited to your farm. OPTION A: 95% Bt, 5% non-bt No chemical control of stalk borer in refuge. OPTION B: 80% Bt, 20% non-bt Chemical control of stalk borer in refuge allowed. 800 m 800 m STEP 2: Depending on the option chosen above, your refuge must be planted in the following manner: Similar hybrid (growth season) Plant within 7 days May not cross Bt rows Don t mix with Bt seed REFUGE Same agronomic conditions Strips a minimum of 6 rows Plant your own refuge Plant within 400 m of all Bt plants Cover outside borders STEP 3: Regularly monitor and inspect (weekly) your Bt crop and immediately contact your seed representative/agent if stalk borer infestation exceeds the threshold values in the Bt maize. In the case of Monsanto, the threshold is 10% or more plants damaged; in the case of Syngenta, it is 5% or more plants. 18

20 MAIZE Bt maize CORRECT LAYOUT OF THE REFUGE AREA REFUGE MAIZE 400 m 400 m REFUGE MAIZE BLOCK POSITIONING STRIP POSITIONING Bt maize Bt maize Bt maize REFUGE MAIZE 400 m 400 m REFUGE MAIZE REFUGE MAIZE 400 m 400 m REFUGE MAIZE 400 m 400 m REFUGE MAIZE PERIMETER POSITIONING PIVOT POSITIONING Bt maize REFUGE MAIZE REFUGE MAIZE 400 m REFUGE MAIZE Bt maize 400 m 400 m REFUGE MAIZE REFUGE MAIZE Bt maize REFUGE MAIZE 400 m 400 m REFUGE MAIZE 400 m REFUGE MAIZE Bt maize REFUGE MAIZE REFUGE MAIZE REFUGE MAIZE Bt maize 400 m 400 m 400 m 400 m REFUGE MAIZE REFUGE MAIZE BORDERING OF PIVOT REFUGE MAIZE 400 m 400 m Bt maize Pivot Size Minimum number of rows required per row width in m (5% refuge) Radius (m) ha 0,60 m 0,75 m 0,91 m 1,00 m 1,20 m 1,50 m * * * * * * * * * User must also plant at least 6 rows in the centre of the pivot, in addition to the rows on the outside. 19

21 WHITE HYBRIDS AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS BG 4201 BG 4401B PAN 4A-111 PAN 4R-511R PAN 4B-311B BG 5285 BG 5485B BG 5685R BG 5785BR PAN 5Q-749BR PAN 5Q-751BR PAN 5R-693R PAN 5R-993BR PAN 6479 Growing Season Class Early Medium Early Medium PAN 6Q-245 PAN 6Q-345CB PAN 6R-665R PAN 6R-845CBGT *Relative number of days Warmer Areas to 50% tassle Cooler Areas *Relative number of HU to 50% tassle *Relative number of days Warmer Areas to physiological maturity Cooler Areas Approximate days to Warmer Areas harvest (<15% moisture) (Influenced by prevailing Cooler Areas humidity) Yield Irrigation Eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal Western Highveld, Limpopo and Eastern Cape Northern Cape Yield Dryland (1) Cool Eastern Production Regions (2) Temperate Eastern Production Regions (3) Mist Belt (4) North Western Free State (5) North West (6) North Eastern Free State (7) Far North West, South Western Free State and Limpopo General Characteristics Drying Rate Tillering Prolificacy Standability Eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal Western Highveld, Limpopo and Eastern Cape Northern Cape Disease Risk** Northern Corn Leaf Blight Grey Leaf Spot Common Rust Phaeosphaeria Leaf Spot*** Diplodia Cob Rot Cob and Tassel Smut Herbicide Sensitivity Sulfonylurea PAN 6777 Medium Late 7 5 Map exclusive copyright of PANNAR SEED (Pty) Ltd Coastal Tropical 1 - Cool Eastern Production Regions 2 - Temperate Eastern Production Regions 3 - Mist Belt 4 - North Western Free State 5 - North West 6 - North Eastern Free State 7 - Far North West, South Western Free State and Limpopo 8 - Sub-tropical Regional Recommendations: 6 Our regional recommendations are based on the climatic conditions in each particular area as a whole and the ability of the various hybrids to adapt to these conditions. As conditions may vary from farm to farm, and even from land to land within each area, adjustments may be necessary, based on local conditions or for any particular priorities that may exist. To minimise or spread farming risk, it is recommended that instead of planting just one or two hybrids, a hybrid package be planted and that planting times be staggered in such a way that the maize does not all tassel simultaneously *NB: Is influenced by planting date and the daily heat units during the growing season. *Heat units determined from emergence to flowering. **Ratings are not absolute, environmental conditions play the greatest role. *** These diseases do not necessarily affect the yield in a significant manner. Note: Where a history of pre-germination occurs, a molybdenum foliar spray is recommended. 20

22 YELLOW HYBRIDS AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS BG 3292 BG 3492B BG 3592R BG 3792BR PAN 6126 PAN 3Q-240 PAN 3P-502R PAN 3D-736BR PAN 3Q-740BR BG 4296 PAN 4B-304CB PAN 4B-312CB PAN 3Q-222 PAN 4R-576R PAN 4R-776BR PAN 4P-228 PAN 6616 PAN 6P-110 PAN 6Q-408CB Growing Season Class Ultra Early Early Medium *Relative number of days to 50% tassle Warmer Areas Cooler Areas *Relative number of HU to 50% tassle *Relative number of days to physiological maturity Approximate days to harvest (<15% moisture) (Influenced by prevailing humidity) Yield Irrigation Eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal Western Highveld, Limpopo and Eastern Cape Northern Cape Yield Dryland (1) Cool Eastern Production Regions (2) Temperate Eastern Production Regions (3) Mist Belt (4) North Western Free State (5) North West (6) North Eastern Free State (7) Far North West, South Western Free State and Limpopo General Characteristics Drying Rate Tillering Prolificacy Standability Eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal Western Highveld, Limpopo and Eastern Cape Northern Cape Disease Risk** Northern Corn Leaf Blight Grey Leaf Spot Common Rust Phaeosphaeria Leaf Spot*** Diplodia Cob Rot Cob and Tassel Smut Herbicide Sensitivity Sulfonylurea Warmer Areas Cooler Areas Warmer Areas Cooler Areas PAN 6R-680R PAN 6R-880CBGT PAN 6R-664R ( ) HU = Heat Units Max. Temp (ºC) + Min. Temp (ºC) Daily HU = 2-10 The above information is based on long-term results of PANNAR cultivars. It is given in good faith. Yield Potential High Average Low Standability and Prolificacy Good Average Poor Tillering and Disease Risk Low Average High Soil Acidity / Aluminium Tolerance Good Moderate Poor Herbicide Sensitivity Low High 21

23 MAIZE HYBRIDS - PLANT POPULATION RECOMMENDATIONS PER REGION WHITE HYBRIDS Growth Class Eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal Dryland Western Highveld Dryland Irrigation Cool Temperate Mist Belt North Western Free State North Eastern Free State North West Low Rainfall** Eastern Highveld and KwaZulu-Natal Western Highveld, Limpopo and Eastern Cape BG 4201 Early BG 4401B Early Northern Cape PAN 4A-111 Early PAN 4B-311B Early PAN 4R-511R Early BG 5285 Medium Early BG 5485B Medium Early BG 5685R Medium Early BG 5785BR Medium Early PAN 5Q-749BR Medium Early PAN 5Q-751BR Medium Early PAN 5R-693R Medium Early PAN 5R-993BR Medium Early PAN 6479 Medium PAN 6Q-245 Medium PAN 6Q-345CB Medium PAN 6R-665R Medium PAN 6R-845CBGT Medium PAN 6777 Medium Late SC 701 Green Mealie YELLOW HYBRIDS BG 3292 Ultra Early * BG 3492B Ultra Early * BG 3592R Ultra Early * BG 3792BR Ultra Early * PAN 6126 Ultra Early * PAN 3Q-240 Ultra Early * PAN 3P-502R Ultra Early * PAN 3D-736BR Ultra Early * PAN 3Q-740BR Ultra Early * BG 4296 Early * PAN 4B-304CB Early PAN 4B-312CB Early PAN 4P-228 Early * PAN 3Q-222 Early * PAN 4R-576R Early PAN 4R-776BR Early PAN 6616 Medium PAN 6P-110 Medium PAN 6Q-408CB Medium PAN 6R-664R Medium PAN 6R-680R Medium PAN 6R-880CBGT Medium * Only high potential soils, ** South western Free State, far western North West and Limpopo. 22

24 _Pan_Catalogue_2014_Eng_Sec 2.indd 23 1/16/14 5:38 PM 43,5 3,8 2,1 1, ,7 2,7 3,0 3,3 3,6 4,2 4,8 5,4 6,0 7,2 8,4 9,6 10,8 9,3 7,4 2,7 3,2 3,6 4,1 4,5 5,0 5,4 6,3 7,2 8,1 9,0 10,8 12,6 14,4 16,2 1,8 43,5 37,0 33,3 29,4 26,3 24,4 22,2 18,9 16,7 14,7 13,3 11,1 9,5 8,3 55,6 45,5 37,0 31,3 27,8 24,4 22,2 20,0 18,5 15,9 13,9 12,3 11,1 9,3 7,9 6,9 6,2 Distance between seed (cm) 180 cm Seed per metre 2,2 2,3 2,7 3,0 3,4 3,8 4,1 4,5 5,3 6,0 6,8 7,5 9,0 10,5 12,0 13,5 Distance between seed (cm) ,5 41,7 37,0 33,3 30,3 27,8 23,8 20,8 18,5 16,7 13,9 11,9 10,4 Seed per metre 150 cm ,2 50,0 43,5 40,0 37,0 31,3 27,8 24,4 22,2 18,5 15,9 13,9 12,3 Distance between seed (cm) 120 cm Seed per metre ,0 2,3 2,5 2,7 3,2 3,6 4,1 4,5 5,4 6,3 7,2 8,1 Distance between seed (cm) 2,4 52,6 47,6 43,5 38,5 33,3 29,4 26,3 22,2 18,9 16,7 Seed per metre 90 cm , , ,0 4,5 5,3 2,6 2,3 2, ,0 31,3 3,0 2, ,0 6, , ,8 24,4 Distance between seed (cm) 75 cm Seed per metre ,1 3, Distance between seed (cm) 45 cm Seed per metre Plant Population per ha Row Width (cm) MAIZE AND SUNFLOWER SEED SPACING GUIDE 2,1 2,5 3,2 3,8 4,2 4,7 5,3 5,8 6,3 7,4 8,4 9,5 10,5 12,6 14,7 16,8 18,9 Seed per metre 47,6 40,0 31,3 26,3 23,8 21,3 18,9 17,2 15,9 13,5 11,9 10,5 9,5 7,9 6,8 6,0 5,3 Distance between seed (cm) 210 cm 2,3 2,8 3,5 4,1 4,6 5,2 5,8 6,3 6,9 8,1 9,2 10,4 11,5 13,8 16,1 18,4 20,7 Seed per metre 43,5 35,7 28,6 24,4 21,7 19,2 17,2 15,9 14,5 12,3 10,9 9,6 8,7 7,2 6,2 5,4 4,8 Distance between seed (cm) 230 cm

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26 By integrating top products, practical farming solutions and innovative pre-plant seed and post-plant crop care, PANNAR offers farmers a complete risk management package. Speak to us about our exceptional PANAGRI, PANACEA and YIELDBOOST programmes. GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY LOCAL PERFORMANCE Together we farm for the future infoserve@pannar.co.za 25

27 SUNFLOWER BEAUTY, BRAINS AND BRAWN OUR SUNFLOWERS HAVE IT ALL PANNAR SEED s sunflower researchers have made a breakthrough with PAN 7095CL. This hybrid with the CLEARFIELD trait achieved first place in the 2012/13 ARC national cultivar trials! PANNAR s new range of hybrids with the CLEARFIELD trait compete head to head with the conventional hybrids, setting a totally new precedent for crop rotation. The CLEARFIELD production system provides effective post-emergence control of a variety of broadleaf weeds and grasses. The inherent herbicide resistance is a natural mutation; the hybrids are not genetically modified. PANNAR maintains an outstanding performance record in the ARC national trials. The conventional sunflower package performs exceptionally well and all products have excellent Common Rust resistance. In addition to these hybrids, PANNAR now also markets four high yielding CLEARFIELD hybrids, including the first CLEARFIELD -PLUS hybrid. The CLEARFIELD -PLUS gene is an improvement on CLEARFIELD. The PANNAR package also features a hybrid high in oleic acid and monounsaturated fatty acids. High oleic sunflower oil is addressing the trend for healthier deep frying oils. PANNAR has engaged in sunflower research for the past 39 years. PANNAR hybrids are marketed in Africa, South America and Europe. The South African farmer can plant PANNAR s sunflower range with peace of mind, in the knowledge that these hybrids incorporate the best technology on the market. Medium Late Growth Class PAN 7031CL - Weed control with the CLEARFIELD Production System (NEW): This full season PANNAR CLEARFIELD sunflower hybrid has the same fantastic yield potential as the conventional hybrids. It provides an alternative weed control system in the production of sunflowers and is an economically viable alternative in a crop rotation system. The Euro-Lightning herbicide (L8436, active ingredients: Imazapyr and Imazamox) provides post-emergence control of a variety of broadleaf weeds and grasses. PAN 7095CL - A breakthrough: first place in ARC cultivar trials! (NEW): This CLEARFIELD hybrid is a breakthrough for sunflower production in South Africa. This full season hybrid has a yield potential similar or even slightly better than the conventional hybrids on the market. It provides the benefit of the CLEARFIELD Production System for effective post-emergence control of a variety of broadleaf weeds and grasses. PAN 7101CL - A hybrid similar to PAN 7095CL (NEW): This CLEARFIELD sunflower hybrid offers the same good yield potential as the conventional hybrids. It is a full season hybrid. It allows for the implementation of an integrated weed management plan utilising CLEARFIELD sunflower within a crop rotation. PAN 7102CLP - A CLEARFIELD -PLUS hybrid for even better weed control (NEW): This hybrid contains the new CLEARFIELD gene, CLEARFIELD -PLUS, with the benefit of improved weed control. This full season CLEARFIELD sunflower hybrid has the same good yield potential as the conventional hybrids. This hybrid has Common Rust tolerance. PAN Champion with resistance to Common Rust: A mainstay in the sunflower industry for over a decade. A stable hybrid with a good track record. A good choice in a package, suitable for all production regions. Slower drying. Recommended in areas with high Common Rust pressure. PAN Consistent top performer in the ARC national cultivar trials: A top performer in PANNAR and ARC cultivar trials over the past three years. Performs well in both strip and statistical trials (PANNAR and ARC) year after year, proving its outstanding stability. Uniform, full-season hybrid with Common Rust resistance. Recommended as part of the main planting in all sunflower-producing regions. PAN Similar to PAN 7057 (NEW): It offers excellent yield potential combined with good adaptability across all production areas. Recommended as part of the main planting for all sunflower production areas. A full season hybrid with Common Rust resistance. PAN Excellent stability across all production regions (NEW): A full season hybrid that displayed the best stability and adaptability in the PANNAR range last season. Good yield potential and excellent oil content. Recommended as part of the main planting for all sunflower production regions. Resistant to all current races of Common Rust. PAN A top performer in the ARC and PANNAR national trials: The bestseller in the PANNAR sunflower range. Wide adaptability across all production regions with excellent oil content. A formidable package combined with PAN 7080, PAN 7049, PAN 7098 and PAN 7100 and is recommended for the main planting. Resistant to all current races of Common Rust. 26

28 SUNFLOWER SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS - AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS PAN This hybrid maintains a very good track record in trials: This hybrid has been one of the top performers in PANNAR s national trials over the past five years. It was also the top performer in the 2011/12 ARC cultivar trials. The hybrid combines excellent yield potential with wide adaptability. Recommended for all sunflower production regions. Resistant to all current races of Common Rust. Medium Growth Class PAN 7086HO - High oleic acid hybrid: A medium season hybrid, well adapted to all sunflower production regions. Uniform plant type. Oleic acid content of 80% and higher. Unique white/light-grey seed colour simplifies identification at the silo. CLEARFIELD is the registered trademark of BASF. General Characteristics PAN 7086HO PAN 7031CL Growing season Medium Medium Late ± Days to 50% flowering ± Days to physiological maturity ± Days to harvest Uniformity (1 = Excellent; 9 = Poor) 1 1 Standability (1 = Excellent; 9 = Poor) 2 2 Plant height (cm) Average oil content 40% 45% General Characteristics Growing season PAN 7095CL PAN 7102CLP PAN 7033 PAN 7049 PAN 7098 PAN 7100 PAN 7057 PAN 7080 Medium late ± Days to 50% flowering ± Days to physiological maturity PAN 7101CL ± Days to harvest Uniformity (1 = Excellent; 9 = Poor) Standability (1 = Excellent; 9 = Poor) Plant height (cm) Average oil content 40% 43% 41% 41% 40% 43% 43% 40% 41% 27

29 SOYBEANS SOYBEANS, A WIDE CHOICE FROM A SINGLE SOURCE The PANNAR SEED soybean breeding programme started in 1977 and is currently the market-leading programme in South Africa. PANNAR has access to the best commercial soybean cultivars and pre-commercial lines from countries across the world, as well as lines bred locally. PANNAR s policy is to release the best varieties possible into the South African market, regardless of where they originate. For the past four years, PANNAR s cultivars have held the top performance position across all regions. PANNAR s versatile package of various maturity class cultivars offers the optimal cultivar for each planting date in all production areas. The package also includes speciality cultivars with an upright growth habit, suitable for narrow inter-row spacing under irrigation. Soybeans are an ideal rotation crop with maize and wheat. The number of new crushing plants for soybeans is a good incentive to stimulate growth of the soybean industry. The potential capacity of the new crushing plants is approximately double the current local production. Many other factors are driving the increase in soybean production, with a combination of good yields and high grain prices as the strongest drivers. An increase in the use of no-till practices (in which crop rotation is a cornerstone) and general risk diversification is also influencing the expansion of soybean plantings. The three most important aspects for successful soybean production are: Plant population, planting date and the growth class of suitable cultivars for each production region. Soybean cultivars are classified into 12 growth classes (growth class 00, very early, to growth class 9, late). Cultivars in growth classes 5 and 6 are generally the best suited to general production in South Africa, with the classes 4 and 7 catering for certain niche markets. Only the WB74 strain of Rhizobia inoculant has been tested and approved for use on the PANNAR soybean cultivar range. If you use other strains of Rhizobia inoculant, it is at your own risk. ROUNDUP READY * CULTIVARS Early Maturity Class: Cool regions and later planting in temperate regions PAN 1454R - First across the finish line: A quick-maturing cultivar for regions with a restricted growing season. Robust cultivar ideally suited to the cooler eastern Highveld. First choice for wheat-soybean rotation. High oil content. Not recommended for warm production regions. PAN 1583R - Widely adapted to cool and temperate regions: A good teammate for PAN 1664R in cool and temperate production regions. Very good, stable performance across all production areas - very popular. Short plant type, speciality soybean adapted to high plant populations and narrow inter-row spacing. Very good standability. Medium Maturity Class: Temperate regions and later planting in warm regions (irrigation) PAN 1664R - Top performer in ARC national trials!: The best overall performer in the cool, temperate and warm production regions. Exceptional yield stability - PANNAR s most popular cultivar. Attractive plant type stimulates wide area adaptability. A versatile cultivar that is agronomically well balanced. PAN 1521R - New kid on the block (NEW): Exciting new cultivar that looks to replace PAN 1583R in time. PAN 1623R - Incomparable! (NEW): Has consistently beaten our top commercial variety (PAN 1664R) in trials; imagine what it can do on your farm. Excellent standability, good pod height and high resistance to shattering. PAN 1666R - Show-off!: A popular cultivar, this soybean s very attractive plant type is striking. An excellent choice for cool and temperate production regions - not recommended for warm production regions. Excellent standability, good pod height and high resistance to shattering. PAN 1614R - Failsafe choice (NEW): This attractive new cultivar has impressive yield stability across all environments. Looks set to replace PAN 1666R. 28

30 SOYBEANS SOYBEAN CULTIVARS - AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS Late Maturity Class: Early planting in temperate areas and main planting in warm dryland areas 3 3 PAN 1729R - Drought tolerant! (NEW): The first PANNAR cultivar bred for the drier western Highveld. This incredibly hardy variety performs well where moisture stress restricts yield potentials. Strong indeterminate growth with upright growth habit; could double as a forage variety in the higher potential areas *Roundup Ready is a registered trademark used under licence from Monsanto Technology LLC. Soybean Production Map 1. Cool Production Region 2. Moderate Production Regions 3. Warm Production Region General Characteristics PAN 1454R PAN 1583R PAN 1664R PAN 1521R PAN 1623R PAN 1666R PAN 1614R Growing season (MG) 4,3 5,2 5,3 5,7 6,1 6,1 6,4 7,3 Growth type* Ind Det Det Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind ± Average number of days to flowering** ± Average number of days to maturity** Plant height** (cm) Pod height (1 = High, 9 = Low) Standability (1 = Excellent, 9 = Poor) Shattering resistance (1 = Excellent, 9 = Poor) Average seed count*** (seeds/kg) Recommended plant population PAN 1729R Early planting Late planting date or narrow row widths * Indeterminate (Ind) or Determinate (Det), ** Varies according to planting date and temperatures during growing season, *** Seed mass may vary between seasons, Maturity Group (MG). 29

31 DRY BEANS THE BEST DRY BEANS PANNAR SEED has been marketing dry bean varieties in South Africa since the early 90s. PAN 148 has been one of the mainstays of South African dry bean production for over 15 years, with accumulated sales in excess of half a million units. This is a remarkable achievement with a massive impact. South Africa has to breed and develop red speckled bean cultivars locally, as there is little opportunity to import cultivars from anywhere else in the world. PANNAR is unique in being involved in cultivar development and seed production of a crop that has not traditionally attracted the attention of large commercial breeding concerns. PANNAR markets high yielding dry bean cultivars, selected specifically for yield stability across a wide range of environmental conditions. This comprehensive package reduces the risks traditionally associated with this high risk, high reward crop. PANNAR s newer varieties characteristically have good resistance to diseases such as Rust and Angular Leaf Spot. PAN 123 is a relatively new role-player in the commercial small white canning bean market and is the preferred cultivar in the eastern Highveld. It is set to make an enormous contribution to the canning industry. PANNAR has been at the forefront of the drive to mechanise dry bean production and focuses on the transfer of technology to assist farmers in mechanising their harvesting process. Red Speckled Beans A top-performing red speckled bean package that offers exceptional yield performance and stability. The package provides a cultivar for all production systems, from the high input, mechanised operation to the low input, subsistence setup. PAN A proven performer: The most popular cultivar in the PANNAR dry bean package. An integral part of dry bean production in South Africa. Maintains excellent performance in multi-season national strip trials in Mpumalanga and the eastern Free State. Well adapted to all production regions and still the cultivar of choice in Mpumalanga and the eastern Free State. PAN Bigger is better: A large-seeded cultivar. Once farmers have tried it, they never look back. It is also very popular with packers. Excellent yield stability in high disease pressure regions. Well adapted to all dry bean production regions. Performs particularly well in the eastern Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and North West production regions. Good general disease resistance including Rust, Angular Leaf Spot and BCMV resistance. PAN The best in the west: A cultivar similar to PAN 116 with an upright growth habit, but with some significant improvements. PAN 9292 is especially well suited to the North West production regions. It displays good general disease resistance, wide area adaptability and increased yield stability. Grain quality is good. The smaller, rounder bean reduces potential for mechanical damage. PAN The replacement for PAN 128: Consistently better yield performance than the old PAN 128 in all production areas. Set to become the most popular multipurpose dry bean in the PANNAR package. PAN Red flower, indeterminate growth habit (NEW): Good performance in national dry bean statistical trials. Potential for direct mechanical harvesting with a combine harvester. Important agronomic traits: upright plant type; indeterminate growth habit; excellent standability; large seeded. Unique red flower makes it recognisable anywhere in the world. Excellent general disease resistance, including Rust, Angular Leaf Spot and BCMV resistance. Small White Canning Bean A winning combination of exceptional yield, disease resistance and grain quality. PAN A top performer: The top canning bean in ARC multi-season trials ( ). Good yield potential and rust resistance make for a widely adapted cultivar. Cultivar of choice in the eastern Highveld. Excellent performance in all major canning bean production regions. 30

32 DRY BEANS DRY BEAN CULTIVARS - AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS General Characteristics PAN 148 PAN 9249 PAN 9292 PAN 9213 PAN 9216 PAN 123 Bean type Red speckled Red speckled Red speckled Red speckled Red speckled Small white canning Growth habit* Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Det ± Days to 50% flower ± Days to maturity Planting date - Cool areas Nov / Dec Nov / Dec Nov / Dec Nov / Dec Nov / Dec Nov / Dec Planting date - Temperate Areas Dec / mid-jan Dec / mid-jan Dec / mid-jan Dec / mid-jan Dec / mid-jan Dec / mid-jan Diseases** Angular Leaf Spot (ALS) S R R MR R R Rust MR MR MR MR MR R BCMV R R R R R R Seed size: seeds/kg*** Recommended planting rate (kg/ha) 90 cm rows x 7.5 cm ( seeds/ha) cm rows x 5 cm ( seeds/ha) cm rows x 7.5 cm ( seeds/ha) * Indeterminate (Ind) / Determinate (Det). ** Diseases: S - Susceptible, MS - Moderately susceptible, MR - Moderately resistant, R - Good resistance. *** Seed mass may vary between seasons. 31

33 GRAIN SORGHUM INCOMPARABLE GRAIN SORGHUM PACKAGE PANNAR hybrids are the backbone of grain sorghum production in South Africa. PANNAR SEED s sorghum breeding programme has been running for more than 30 years and is one of the oldest in the world. Locally developed hybrids are also planted in the rest of Africa, South America, Mexico and Australia. The inception date for the mandatory mixing of ethanol into fuel was announced in the Government Gazette as 1 October, Under these regulations, a minimum of 5% biodiesel and 2 to 10% bioethanol must be mixed into the country s mineral fuel reserve. If all goes according to plan, by October 2015 the Bothaville plant (owned by Mabele Fuels) should require more than twice as much as this year s national grain sorghum harvest ( tons). The plant at Cradock is a joint project between the Industrial Development Corporation, the Central Energy Fund and the Eastern Cape government. If both plants are in production, about tonnes of sorghum, representing a 2% mix of ethanol, will be required. The PANNAR sorghum package maintains an excellent record of performance in the ARC trials. PAN 8906 and PAN 8816 are recommended for all grain sorghum production regions. PAN 8906 is especially suited to the milling industry. PAN 8816 has excellent yield stability and area adaptability and is a malting hybrid also suitable for the milling industry. Medium Late Growing Season Class PAN The best hybrid in the PANNAR package: Excellent yield potential and stability. Very uniform growth habit and good standability. Large-seeded grain, high bushel weight and good threshability. Classified GM; good malt quality. Good general leaf disease resistance. Good Head Smut resistance. Plant where Head Smut problems have occurred in the past. PAN Good milling quality with excellent yield potential and stability (NEW): Excellent yield potential and stability - second in PANNAR and ARC national trials over the past two seasons. Uniform growth habit. Classified GL with good milling characteristics. Good threshability. Large-seeded with high bushel weight. Good standability and general leaf disease resistance. Good Head Smut resistance. Late Growing Season Class PAN Speciality bitter sorghum: Outstanding yield performance and agronomic characteristics. Bitter grain type; classified GH. Good malt quality approved by the ARC. Medium plant height with good standability. Good tolerance to Head Smut. 32

34 GRAIN SORGHUM GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRIDS - AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS General Characteristics PAN 8816 PAN 8906 PAN 8625 Growing season Medium Late Late ± Days to 50% flowering ± Days to harvest Plant height (cm) Uniformity (1 = Excellent, 9 = Poor) Standability (1 = Excellent, 9 = Poor) Threshability (1 = Excellent, 9 = Poor) Head smut (1 = Excellent, 9 = Poor) Plant colour Purple Purple Purple Grading GM GL GH Seed colour Red Red Brown Seed size* (seeds/kg) Class Class * Estimated seed mass may vary between seasons. 33

35 WHEAT WE VE DONE THE RESEARCH - NOW REAP THE REWARDS PANNAR s wheat breeding programme is more than 20 years old and continues to make a major contribution to wheat production in the Free State and in the irrigation areas. PANNAR cultivars maintain an excellent track record in the ARC national trials. PAN 3161 is the highlight of the dryland package with its good aluminium tolerance and Russian Wheat Aphid resistance. In order to offer farmers a wider selection for irrigated cultivation, two new cultivars, PAN 3471 and PAN 3478, were developed. With its slightly longer growing season, PAN 3471 is suitable for early plantings and performed exceptionally well in the 2012 national ARC-Small Grain Institute s trials. PAN 3400, with its short growing season has excellent yield potential and is suitable for later plantings. A must for the irrigation farmer. PANNAR s wheat programme focuses on improving the yield potential of wheat production in South Africa, as well as the development of cultivars with new sources of resistance to Russian Wheat Aphid and Rust, in order to cope with ever-changing biotypes, pathotypes and races. Breeding technologies like marker assisted selection are being used to track and transfer targeted genes into locally adapted germplasm for even better cultivars with reduced production risk. Wheat cultivars are classified as true winter, winter, intermediate or spring types according to their vernalisation (cold) requirement. True winter and winter types must be planted early to meet their vernalisation requirement. True winter types stool more readily and can therefore be planted at lower plant populations than the intermediate types, which should be planted later, but at a higher seeding rate. Spring types for planting under irrigation, however, have no vernalisation requirement and will flower about 95 to 113 days after planting. Farmers who order PAN 3400, PAN 3471 and PAN 3497 will receive the seed factory treated with the GALMANO PLUS seed treatment (L8524) from Bayer CropScience. It is applied under the auspices of the PANACEA Complete Seed and Crop Protection initiative. GALMANO PLUS is a seed treatment fungicide registered for the control of Take-all and Leaf Rust. In PANNAR s evaluation trials, GALMANO PLUS provided a 6% yield increase. In a trail at Greytown, GALMANO PLUS and two subsequent PROSARO (L8510) applications provided a yield increase of approximately 22% as well as very effective control of Yellow Rust. PROSARO a broad-spectrum fungicide is also a Bayer CropScience product and is registered for the control of Septoria Leaf and Glume Blotch, Leaf Rust and Powdery Mildew. Wheat cultivars classified as resistant to Rust and Russian Wheat Aphid must, as with susceptible cultivars, still be monitored for the occurrence of these pests, since new races/biotypes which have the ability to overcome the resistance may develop. Factors such as disease pressure, appearance of symptoms at the seedling stage and prevailing climatic conditions may also affect the effectiveness or expression of resistance. 34

36 WHEAT WHEAT CULTIVARS Cultivars differ in characteristics such as adaptability, yield potential, stability and agronomic characteristics. A package of different cultivars provides good risk management. Growth Class Cultivar Area Adaptability and Characteristics True Winter Types Intermediate Types Spring Types PAN 3118 PAN 3120 PAN 3161 PAN 3195 (NEW) PAN 3368 PAN 3379 PAN 3471 PAN 3497 (NEW) PAN 3400 (NEW) Exceptionally wide adaptability across environments; top performer, especially in the western dryland production regions of the Free State. Well adapted to the high potential dryland regions of the Free State; top performer at early planting dates. Strong seedling vigour, shorter stem length providing excellent standability and high yield potential. Wide area adaptability, aluminium tolerance and resistant to the Russian Wheat Aphid. New winter type with excellent stem strength and standability. Suitable for early planting on high potential soils. A top performer in the eastern Free State. Resistant to both biotypes of the Russian Wheat Aphid and particularly suitable for cultivation in the central and eastern Free State. A short stem, high-potential cultivar that offers resistance to both Russian Wheat Aphid biotypes. It has strong seedling vigour, a short growth period and excellent hectolitre mass. Shows moderate susceptibility to Stripe Rust. Excellent yield potential with wide area adaptability. Top performer in commercial plantings and in the ARC-Small Grain Institute s irrigation trials over the past few years at various planting dates and areas. PAN 3471 has good stem strength and standability. Displays good resistance to Stripe and Leaf Rust pathotypes. Achieved top results in the 2012 ARC-Small Grain Institute s trials. Has a slightly longer growing period with excellent yield potential, stooling capacity and grading characteristics. Top performing quick grower in the 2012 national trials. Excellent standability and best suited to medium and later planting under irrigation. 35

37 Thabazimbi Brits 14 Frankfort 12 10b Bethlehem 10a 11 5 Wheat Production Map Mpumalanga / Gauteng Limpopo (Springbokvlakte) Eastern Cape Central Free State Eastern Free State North Western Free State South Western Free State WHEAT WHEAT CULTIVARS - OPTIMUM PLANTING DATE AND SEEDING RATE RECOMMENDATIONS DRYLAND Region 10a North Western Free State Cultivar Planting Date Seeding Rate kg/ha PAN /5-30/ PAN /5-10/ PAN /4-31/ PAN /4-25/ PAN /4-20/ Region 10b South Western Free State Cultivar Planting Date Seeding Rate kg/ha PAN /5-30/ PAN /5-31/ PAN /4-25/ PAN /4-20/ PAN /4-15/ Region 11 Central Free State Cultivar Planting Date Seeding Rate kg/ha PAN /5-7/ PAN /5-30/ PAN /5-15/ PAN /5-7/ PAN /5-7/ PAN /4-31/ Region 12 Eastern Free State Cultivar Planting Date Seeding Rate kg/ha PAN /6-7/ PAN /6-7/ PAN /6-20/ PAN /6-10/ PAN /6-30/ IRRIGATION More accurate area planting recommendations are provided on PANNAR s website and in the ARC-SGI Wheat Production Guide. The information below provides broad guidelines. Cooler Central Irrigation Areas (Lower Vaal and Orange Rivers) Cultivar Planting Date Seeding Rate kg/ha Plants/m 2 PAN /6-31/ PAN /6-25/ PAN /6-20/ Warmer Irrigation Areas Cultivar Planting Date Seeding Rate kg/ha Plants/m 2 PAN /5-15/ PAN /5-5/ PAN /5-25/ Eastern Highveld Cultivar Planting Date Seeding Rate kg/ha Plants/m 2 PAN /7-5/ PAN /6-31/ PAN /6-25/ KwaZulu-Natal Cultivar Planting Date Seeding Rate kg/ha Plants/m 2 PAN /6-10/ PAN /6-5/ PAN /6-30/

38 WHEAT WHEAT CULTIVARS - AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS General Characteristics PAN 3400 PAN 3471 PAN 3497 PAN 3379 PAN 3368 PAN 3161 PAN 3118 PAN 3195 PAN 3120 ± Days to 50% Warm Flowering* Cool ± Days to Physiological Warm Maturity* Cool ± Days to Harvest Warm (<15% moisture)* Cool Yield Potential and Adaptability Irrigation Dryland Eastern Free State Central Free State North Western Free State South Western Free State Irrigation Agronomic/Quality Characteristics Hectolitre Mass Pre-harvest Sprouting Tolerance** Aluminium Tolerance** Coleoptile Length Russian Wheat Aphid Resistance# Leaf Rust*** Stem Rust*** Stripe Rust*** Standability *Planting date/climate may influence data. Suited to supplementary irrigation in winter dryland region. **Data obtained from ARC-Small Grains Institute. #Biotype info: PAN 3161, PAN 3368 and PAN 3379 are resistant RWASA1 & 2 and PAN 3195 against RWASA1. ***Screened for reaction to prevailing pathotypes. Spring Type (Irrigation) Intermediate Type True Winter Type 1 Excellent/Quick 9 Poor/Slow 37

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40 Feed with high carrying capacity and palatability for sustainable animal production. Suitable for a wide range of needs, from dairy cow to beef cattle and sheep grazing. GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY LOCAL PERFORMANCE Together we farm for the future infoserve@pannar.co.za 39

41 FORAGE CROPS FORAGE CROPS PANNAR SEED is a leader in the certified pasture seed industry and complies with the quality standards (genetic, physical, physiological and phytosanitary) required by the Seed Certification Scheme and SANSOR (South African National Seed Organisation). PANNAR s forage crops are synonymous with quality and are thoroughly tested under local growing conditions for high carrying capacity and palatability for sustainable animal production. We have a wealth of expertise in planted pasture and a wide variety of versatile cultivars to meet your unique requirements. LUCERNE Dormancy classes 7 to 9, grazing and hay types INTENSIVE GRASSES Annual Ryegrass Kikuyu Perennial Ryegrass Clovers Tall Fescue Cocksfoot DRYLAND WINTER CROPS Oats Stooling Rye Triticale Japanese Radish ANNUAL SUBTROPICAL CROPS Forage Sorghum Hybrid Pearl Millet Teff PERENNIAL SUBTROPICAL CROPS Weeping Love Grass Smuts Finger Grass Rhodes Grass Guinea Grass Foxtail Buffalo Grass 40

42 FORAGE CROPS LUCERNE The king of forage crops is a high quality feed with 18 to 20% crude protein and high digestibility. Lucerne can be successfully cultivated both as an intensive high production crop under irrigation and less intensively as a dryland crop. It is a true perennial and will yield consistently for approximately six years and longer. PANNAR markets grazing and hay types. Crop Planting time Seeding rate (kg/ha) Rainfall (mm) Broadcast Rows Description Lucerne Cool areas: Feb - Apr Warm areas: Mar - Jun <700 mm mm Irrigation The greatest advantage of the king of forage crops is the quality of the hay produced. With astute management it can also be grazed. INTENSIVE GRASSES AND MIXTURES This crop category is distinguished from the others by the livestock unit in question. The input costs associated with these crops are high. They MUST be well fertilised and planted under irrigation to reach their genetic potential. To recover the high input costs, the pastures should be utilised by high producing animals such as dairy cows, weaners or in a ewe and lamb system. Crop Perennial Ryegrass Diploid Perennial Ryegrass Tetraploid Italian Ryegrass Types Diploid Italian Ryegrass Types Tetraploid Westerwold Ryegrass Types Diploid Westerwold Ryegrass Types Tetraploid Tall Fescue Cocksfoot White Clover Red Clover Planting time Feb - May Aug Feb - May Aug Feb - May Aug Feb - May Aug Seeding rate (kg/ha) Rainfall (mm) Broadcast Rows Irrigation Irrigation Description Ryegrass is suitable for intensive animal production, very high quality, digestibility and palatability. Establish under irrigation and use during autumn, winter and spring months. Excellent pasture when clover is included in the mixture. This ryegrass type is not strongly perennial and should be re-established every three to four years. Irrigation Italian types can be established in early autumn or alternatively early spring after the major frosts (August/September), Irrigation whereafter it should provide pasture for about 15 months. Feb - May Irrigation Plant Westerwold types in early autumn (February/March) and use from April/May to October/December. Westerwold types provide better midwinter production, while Italian types give Feb - May Irrigation better late spring production. Feb - Jul Feb - Jul Feb - May Feb - May >900 mm or Irrig. >900 mm or Irrig. >900 mm or Irrig. >900 mm or Irrig In Mixtures 2-3 In Mixtures 2-3 Clean Stand 6 Clean Stand 6 Kikuyu Oct - Jan Irrigation Well adapted to a wide range of climatic zones and soil types, including vlei and heavy soils. Strongly perennial. A soft, palatable and nutritious grass with outstanding feed value. More drought tolerant than perennial ryegrass, although primarily grown under irrigation. White and red clovers are sown together. Slower to establish than red clover, but strongly perennial. Always inoculate seed with fresh inoculant before planting. Ideal in mixtures with annual ryegrass, fescue or cocksfoot. Establishes quicker than white clover, but only lasts 18 to 24 months. Always inoculate seed with fresh inoculant before planting. Ideal in mixtures with annual ryegrass, fescue or cocksfoot. Strongly perennial summer-growing grass that spreads by means of thick underground roots and aboveground runners. Kikuyu is primarily suitable for summer grazing. Surplus summer production may be used in autumn and winter as foggage. 41

43 FORAGE CROPS DRYLAND WINTER CROPS These crops can fill all the gaps in a fodder flow system. Japanese Radish and all the forage cereals (rye, triticale and black and white oats) fall into this category. PANNAR supplies high potential oats, triticale and stooling rye cultivars, offering a cultivar package that delivers top quality forage cereals in the critical late autumn, winter and spring months. The right cultivar selection ensures sufficient grazing at the right time. Forage cereal cultivars are classified, like wheat, according to their growth habit as spring, intermediate and winter types. Each of these types has its own application in a fodder flow programme. It is therefore important to consider the main characteristics of each type to use it to your best advantage. Crop Japanese Radish Oats Triticale Stooling Rye Planting time Dec - Jan/ Feb Feb - Mar Feb - Apr Mar - Apr Seeding rate (kg/ha) Rainfall (mm) Broadcast Rows Supl. Irrig./ Dryland Supl. Irrig./ Dryland Supl. Irrig./ Dryland Supl. Irrig./ Dryland - 2-3, Description Good pasture for sheep and cattle. Highly digestible. For cattle, it is pulled or ploughed out and fed whole. It is not cold or frost sensitive. Requires at least 350 mm rainfall over the four month growing period. Very palatable with high yield potential. Good drought and cold tolerance Good yield potential and cold tolerance High yield potential, however not as palatable as oats. Very good cold tolerance. ANNUAL SUB-TROPICAL CROPS These crops are quick to establish and produce high yields. PANNAR offers hybrid pearl millet and forage sorghum hybrids that are suitable for grazing, silage, foggage and/or green chop. PANNAR runs its own forage sorghum breeding programme to ensure that hybrids demonstrate the same characteristics year in and year out. PANNAR s teff cultivars are not merely a commodity, but developed to give the farmer a competitive edge. Teff is an excellent hay crop and provides an average of two cuttings per season. Crop Planting time Seeding rate (kg/ha) Rainfall (mm) Broadcast Rows Teff Oct - Dec >600 mm Forage Sorghum Hybrid Pearl Millet End Oct - Jan End Oct - Jan <600 mm >600 mm <600 mm >600 mm Description An excellent annual summer hay crop. Typical yields are about four tons per hectare and two tons DM for the first and second cutting respectively. Cut before the crop is in full bloom, when ±10% in flower. Annual summer forage crop for grazing or silage. Sweet type also ideal as foggage. Annual summer crop for grazing. No prussic acid poisoning risk. Suitable for sheep and safe for horses. Very drought tolerant. PERENNIAL SUB-TROPICAL CROPS These pastures are grown under semi-intensive conditions. This group of pastures is summer growing and dormant during winter. During the autumn months these pastures translocate nutrients from their leaves and stems to their roots, enabling these grass species to tiller in spring and develop quickly. Despite the fact that each of these species has preferences regarding soil, crop management and rainfall, each has characteristics that tailor it perfectly to your particular system. Both the preferences and characteristics of the crops must be considered before a selection is made. Crop Planting time Dec - mid-feb Seeding rate (kg/ha) Rainfall (mm) Broadcast Rows Description Foxtail Buffalo Grass >350 mm Adapted to warm, low rainfall areas. Widely adapted except for light sandy soils. Excellent as grazing and foggage. Suited to both sub-tropical and tropical areas. Guinea grass cannot tolerate very low temperatures. Does not grow well on very sandy soils. Smuts Finger is a very palatable perennial grass adapted to most soil types in the summer rainfall areas. Smuts Finger is drought and cold tolerant. Excellent as grazing and foggage. Adapted to sub-tropical and temperate climates. It is also an excellent ley crop. Because it establishes quickly, it is ideal for controlling erosion. However, it cannot tolerate heavy grazing. A perennial tufted grass suitable for spring grazing and hay production. Adapted to a wide range of soil types and climatic conditions. The grass loses palatability if allowed to grow out. Guinea Grass Dec - mid-feb >500 mm Smuts Finger Grass Oct - begin Feb >500 mm Rhodes Grass Oct - begin Feb >600 mm Weeping Lovegrass Oct - Nov or Jan - Feb >650 mm Consult your representative regarding cultivars. The PANNAR Forage Crop Production Guide at provides more information regarding the cultivation of the different forage crops. 42

44 SALES TEAM HEAD OFFICE PO Box 19, Greytown 3250 GPS: S E Tel: Fax: National Sales Manager Flip Botha National Marketing Manager John Odendaal Product Manager Pieter Rademeyer Product Manager Pastures Jan Coetzer Pastures Agronomist Dirk Coetzee Developing Market Manager Harry Matebese International Enquiries Pierre Steyn +27 (0) PO Box 508, Greytown 3250 NORTH WEST PO Box 1980, Klerksdorp 2570 GPS: S E Area Sales Manager Jannie Blignaut Agronomist Corné van der Westhuizen Sales Representatives Jannie van Aswegen Coligny Cornel Ferreira Delareyville El le Grange Koster Ben Dunhin Lichtenburg Hendrik Mokoto Mafikeng Pokkenos Otto Sannieshof Dawie Prinsloo Schweizer-Reneke Bertie Heyns Vryburg Gert Pretorius Wolmaransstad WESTERN FREE STATE / NORTHERN CAPE PO Box 426, Kroonstad 9500 GPS: S E Area Sales Manager Tiaan Fourie Agronomist AK Geldenhuys Western Free State Andries Zandberg Northern Cape Sales Representatives Charl van der Merwe Bloemfontein Robbie Prehn (Robvil) Bothaville Stefan Prehn (Robvil) Bothaville Henri Grovè Douglas Eugène Marais Goldfield Johannes Fourie Groblershoop Klaas van Wyk Hartswater Vacant Hoopstad Fanie Schoeman Jacobsdal Dawie Human Kimberley Niel Snyders Kroonstad Rossouw Grobbelaar Senekal Ben Zengerink (Robvil) Viljoenskroon Martin Maartens Wesselsbron KWAZULU-NATAL / CAPE PO Box 19, Greytown 3250 GPS: S E Area Sales Manager Petrus van Rooyen Agronomist Grant Pringle Reggie Mchunu Sales Representatives Vacant Ciskei/Eastern Cape Angus Stanford East Griekwaland Vincent van der Merwe East London Duwal Edwards East London Ian Blakeway North Eastern Cape Andrew du Plessis Pietermaritzburg Darryl Lloyd Port Elizabeth Jannie de Bruyn Swellendam Frik Moolman Vryheid Gavin Robinson Winterton Welcome Zulu Zululand EASTERN HIGHVELD / LIMPOPO PO Box 439, Delmas 2210 GPS: S E Area Sales Manager André du Randt Agronomist Hanlie Geldenhuys Sales Representatives Nico Bouwer Bela-Bela Jaco Naudé Bethal Martin Bullock Delmas Enrico van Sittert Ermelo Dawie Jacobs Lydenburg Fanie Roux Middelburg Jacobus Durr Middelburg Karabo Puswe Mpumalanga/ Limpopo Alex Watt Pretoria GAUTENG, SOUTHERN MPUMALANGA / EASTERN FREE STATE PO Box 1123, Heidelberg 1438 GPS: S E Area Sales Manager Carl Otto Agronomist Joe Payne Sales Representatives Loftie van den Berg Bethlehem Gert Naudé Frankfort Tinus van Rensburg Heidelberg Roger Hele Parys/Heilbron Ras Meintjes Reitz Jan Saaiman Standerton Paul Herbst Ventersdorp Stephan le Roux Vereeniging

45 RSA REGIONAL OFFICES KWAZULU-NATAL AND CAPE PO Box 19, Greytown 3250 Tel: (033) GPS: S E SALES MANAGER: Petrus van Rooyen Cell no: AGRONOMIST: Grant Pringle Cell no: Reggie Mchunu Cell no: GAUTENG, SOUTHERN MPUMALANGA AND EASTERN FREE STATE PO Box 1123, Heidelberg 1438 Tel: (016) / GPS: S E SALES MANAGER: Carl Otto Cell no: AGRONOMIST: Joe Payne Cell no: WESTERN FREE STATE AND NORTHERN CAPE PO Box 426, Kroonstad 9500 Tel: (056) GPS: S E SALES MANAGER: Tiaan Fourie Cell no: AGRONOMIST: AK Geldenhuys Cell no: Andries Zandberg Cell no: EASTERN HIGHVELD AND LIMPOPO PO Box 439, Delmas 2210 Tel: (013) GPS: S E SALES MANAGER: André du Randt Cell no: AGRONOMIST: Hanlie Geldenhuys Cell no: NATIONAL SALES MANAGER Flip Botha Tel: (033) NATIONAL MARKETING MANAGER John Odendaal Tel: (033) DEVELOPING MARKET MANAGER Harry Matebese Cell no: HEAD OFFICE PO Box 19, Greytown 3250 GPS: S E PRODUCT MANAGER Pieter Rademeyer Tel: (056) Cell no: PRODUCT MANAGER PASTURES Jan Coetzer Tel: (033) Cell no: PASTURES AGRONOMIST Dirk Coetzee Cell no: INTERNATIONAL ENQUIRIES Contact: Pierre Steyn PO Box 508, Greytown 3250 Tel: +27 (0) international@pannar.co.za NORTH WEST PO Box 1980, Klerksdorp 2570 Tel: (018) GPS: S E SALES MANAGER: Jannie Blignaut Cell no: AGRONOMIST: Corné van der Westhuizen Cell no: Registration No. 1986/002148/07 Website: infoserve@pannar.co.za Registered trademark of PANNAR LTD, Greytown, KwaZulu-Natal, RSA. LETSITELE KOMATIPOORT KEMPTON PARK DELMAS HEIDELBERG MANZINI HOOGEKRAAL SWAZILAND KLERKSDORP KROONSTAD KIMBERLEY GREYTOWN BAINSVLEI MASERU LESOTHO DURBAN MTATA PORT ST JOHNS EAST LONDON OUDSHOORN PORT ELIZABETH Research Centre Regional Office: Marketing Packing Plant 44

46 HEAD OFFICE PO Box 19, Greytown, 3250 Tel: (033) Registered trademarks of PANNAR LTD, Greytown, KwaZulu-Natal, RSA _Pan_Catalogue Cover_2014_Eng_02.indd 1 1/15/14 9:20 AM