JATROPHA CULTIVATION INITIATIVES NAMIBIAN EXPERIENCE

Transcription

1 JATROPHA CULTIVATION INITIATIVES NAMIBIAN EXPERIENCE By LAMECK MWEWA & ANGELICA BERGMANN Slide 1

2 CONTENTS Some geographic facts on Namibia Reaction to bio-diesel demand Jatropha cultivation initiatives MTCT: Org and objectives Current Activities Challenges Recommendations Slide 2

3 Geography of Namibia Slide 3

4 SATELLITE IMAGE SHOWING LAND COVER Slide 4

5 Regions and tenure by name Open communal areas Slide 5

6 Average annual rainfall Slide 6

7 Average annual rainfall Slide 7

8 BIO DIESEL PRODUCTION Slide 8

9 Slide 9

10 REACTIONS TO MEET DEMAND FOR FEEDSTOCK Convert more food crops to energy Selling food crops for energy Creates imbalance in food supply Results in high food prices Affects the poor most Switch from growing food crops to energy crops Replacing food production with energy crops like Jatropha Causes food insecurity Leads to high food prices Slide 10

11 REACTIONS TO MEET DEMAND FOR FEEDSTOCK Clear more land for energy crops Causes deforestation Loss of bio-diversity Possibility of land degradation and eventual desertification Utilize waste or abandoned land for energy crops Increases farm income Meets demand for feedstock Prevents land degradation Improves soil conservation Slide 11

12 WHY JATROPHA IN NAMIBIA? Slide 12

13 WHY JATROPHA IN NAMIBIA? VISION 2030: Namibia s development vision BIOFUEL ROADMAP 2006 MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS LOOMING ENERGY CRISIS HARSH AGRO ENVIRONMENT PLANT EXISTS IN THE COUNTRY Slide 13

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17 JATROPHA IMPLEMENTATION MODELS IN NAMIBIA Slide 17

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19 PRIVATE FARMER/INDIVIDUAL INITIATIVES OWN LAND OWN PLANTS FINANCE MANAGEMENT HARVESTS MARKET? RISKS OWN USE INTEGRATION EXPERIMENTAL Slide 19

20 INVESTOR DRIVEN LEASE/BUY LAND OWN PLANTS FINANCE & TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT HARVESTS MARKET RISKS EXPORT LOW LEVEL JOBS PROFITS? Slide 20

21 OUTGROWER SCHEMES INVESTOR FINANCE TECHNOLOGY FARMERS OWN PLANTS MANAGEMENT RISKS LABOUR SUPPLY CONTRACT HARVESTS LOW PROFITS PRE-PROCESSING PROCESSING MARKET Slide 21

22 FARMERS COOPERATIVES FARMER 1 OWN LAND LOW RISKS FARMER 2 OWNERSHIP INTERCROPPING QUALITY JOBS FARMER N MANAGEMENT PROFIT SHARING PRE-PROCESSING PROCESSING UTILISE & MARKET Slide 22

23 MTCT MODEL INVESTOR FINANCE FARMERS OWN LAND LOW RISKS TECHNOLOGY MTCT INTERCROPPING WITH FOOD CROPS QUALITY JOBS PROFIT SHARING PRE-PROCESSING PROCESSING MEET NEED & MARKET Slide 23

24 MTCT GOVT ACADEMIA COMMUNITY FUNDING MTCT Fund mobilization Community mobilization and training Negotiates on behalf of the community Project management & monitoring ACADEME Mentor Training Research Monitoring WEL Community Land Nursery establishment Jatropha cultivation Harvesting Local utilization Slide 24

25 MUKWAMHALANGA TUKONDJENI COMMUNITY TRUST Slide 25

26 What is MTCT? MTCT is a registered non-profit NGO Founded in 2005 by the First Lady of Namibia MTCT is a voluntary organisation The main aim is to facilitate community sustainability Focused on facilitation, support and economic empowerment of women Slide 26

27 Slide 27

28 Main Objectives of the Trust Improve agriculture productivity through timely support for agric input Seeds and organic fertilizers, irrigation facilities, land utilisation Creating local self-employment opportunities Mentoring Skills training Organise awareness campaigns for women Promote local products in urban market Slide 28

29 CURRENT ACTIVITIES Fund raising Community mobilization in 6 regions Community training Nurseries establishment in the community Brokering suitable land utilization Brokering best business arrangements Seed procurement Coordination Slide 29

30 CURRENT ACTIVITIES Slide 30

31 CURRENT ACTIVITIES Slide 31

32 CURRENT ACTIVITIES Slide 32

33 CURRENT ACTIVITIES Slide 33

34 CHALLENGES LAND TENURE AWARENESS APPROPRIATE POLICY LIMITED CAPACITY WITHIN COMMUNITIES FUNDING (NO SUBSIDY, TAX INCETIVES) UNCERTAIN FUTURE MARKETS COMPETING PROJECTS EMPIRICAL DATA MULTI LEGAL FRAMEWORKS Slide 34

35 RECOMMENDATIONS Tax incentives Land tenure management Govt development grants Policy and regulatory framework Scalable subsidies Down stream marketing Community awareness Life cycle analysis Slide 35

36 What to consider when choosing energy crops CHOICE OF CROP TYPE FOR STOCKFEED IS CRUCIAL QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER: Is it a food crop or non-food crop? Is it perennial or annual crop? Is it Irrigated or rain-fed crop? Can it grow on marginal lands? Has it got a high energy balance crop? Can it be done with low management and labour cost? Has it got high oil content % per yield/ha? Any potential for multiple use? Any land use, land tenure problems? Slide 36

37 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING Slide 37