Report on Minnesota Farm Finances. April, 2015
|
|
- Sabrina Bryant
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 2014 Report on Minnesota Farm Finances April, 2015
2 Acknowledgements: Contributing Minnesota producers Minnesota State Colleges and Universities Farm Business Management Education Program Southwestern Minnesota Farm Business Management Association Copyright 2015, Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced without the written permission of the Center for Farm Financial Management, University of Minnesota. The University of Minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, age, marital status, disability, public assistance status, veteran status, or sexual orientation. This project was partially funded by a National Farm Business Management and Benchmarking Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
3 2014 FINBIN Report on Minnesota Farm Finances Dale Nordquist Center for Farm Financial Management The 2,183 Minnesota farms included in the FINBIN database represent a broad cross-section of Minnesota production agriculture. While there is no typical Minnesota farm, these farms include a large enough sample to provide a good barometer of commercial farming in Minnesota. FINBIN data is provided by farms that participate in MnSCU Farm Business Management Education programs and the Southwestern Minnesota Farm Business Management Association. These farms represent about 3 percent of the farms in the state and 10% of commercial farms with sales of over $250, Highlights Median net farm income per farm changed very little, increasing by 3%. The median farm earned $43,129, up from $41,923 in But this small change hides major changes in the earnings of crop and livestock farms. Crop farms suffered a major decrease in earnings, while dairy, pork and beef operations all had very profitable years. Crop farm earnings dropped by 65%, a second consecutive year of major earnings decline. The median crop farm earned $17,003, down from $48,120 in Lower profits resulted from a combination of lower prices, somewhat lower than average yields, and decreased inventory values. Dairy farm earnings were up by almost 200%. The median dairy farm earned $138,027 compared to $46,795 in The average price received for milk was $24.43 per hundredweight, up from $20.36 in Profits for the median hog farm were also up sharply. The median hog farm earned $201,996, up from $79,850 in 2013.! Beef farms earnings were also improved. The median beef farm earned $40,950 in 2014, up from a very disappointing $7,717 in The average farm earned a rate of return on assets (ROA) of 3.9%, up slightly from 2.6% in 2013 (based on adjusted cost or book valuation of assets). Government payments per farm totaled $8,526, 1% of gross revenue and 9% of net farm income. Government payments were down 57% from crop support payments resulting from the new farm bill will not be received until late in The average farm s net worth increased by over $93,000, with slightly more than half of that increase resulting from earnings and the rest from increases in the estimated market value of assets. The average debt to asset ratio remained at 41%. Earnings were down in Southwestern and Northwestern Minnesota. Earnings were up in all other regions of the state where livestock production is more prevalent. Southwestern Minnesota still had the highest median earnings, at just over $58,000 per farm. Profits generally increased with farm size. The largest farms, those with sales of over $2 million, had the highest ROA at 7%. This, however, was probably more a factor of enterprise (large livestock operations) than farm size. The average family spent $64,000 on family living expenditures. Living expenses decreased by 2% over the previous year. Below are financial trends for these farms over the past three years Census of Agriculture, Preliminary Report, U.S. and State Data, National Agricultural Statistics Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 2013.
4 Highlights (MN Average) Gross revenue ($) 1,014, , ,164 Total expense ($) 712, , ,023 Average net farm income ($) 302,721 73,798 99,141 Median net farm income ($) 189,679 41,923 43,129 Rate of return on assets (%) Rate of return on equity (%) Corn yield (bu.) Soybean yield (bu.) Spring wheat yield (bu.) Corn price received (bu.) $6.08 $6.28 $4.37 Soybean price received (bu.) $13.09 $13.59 $11.67 Spring wheat price received (bu.) $8.19 $7.66 $6.33 Milk cows per dairy farm Production per cow (lbs) 22,434 22,905 23,556 Milk price received (cwt) $19.63 $20.36 $24.43 Market hog price / cwt. sold $63.33 $66.31 $75.00 Wean pig price paid / head $37.08 $43.44 $46.06 Finished beef price / cwt. sold $ $ $ Feeder calf price paid / cwt. $ $ $ Table 1: FINBIN Farm Financial Database Highlights, Profitability Crop farms and livestock farms had very different years in 2014, based on analysis of the farms that participate in Minnesota Farm Business Management programs. The median income for all farms was $43,129, up 3% over 2013 (Figure 1). But this small change in earnings for all farms hides major differences in the earnings of the diverse sectors of Minnesota s farm economy. Crop farmers, for the second consecutive year, suffered a steep decline in earnings, while many livestock producers had one of their best years ever. The major driver for the decline in profitability of crops farms was the continued decline in prices received for major commodities. The growing season did not do Minnesota producers many favors either, with much of the state producing lower than average yields, particularly for corn. 2
5 The story was different for livestock farms. At some point in 2014, milk, beef, and hog prices all hit record highs. Coupled with lower feed prices, dairy, beef and pork producers all had very profitable years. The average of all participating farms earned a net income of $99,141, substantially higher than the income for the median (middle) farm. This indicates that the most profitable farms were profitable enough to increase the average for all farms. In 2014, it was primarily the earnings of large pork and dairy farms that inflated the average for all farms. Looking only at averages disguises the wide variation in profitability across farms. The median farm income for the most profitable 20% of these farms was $292,015; the median income for the least profitable 20% was a loss of $-61,926. Government payments were down 57% from The average farm received $8,526 in total government payments in 2014 compared to $19,528 in Government payments represented 1% of gross farm revenue and 9% of net farm income. Payments were down due to the elimination of direct supports payments under the 2014 Farm Bill. Some crop producers who had enrolled in the ACRE program received price support payments in Eventually, many producers will receive price support payments for the 2014 cropping year under the 2014 Farm Bill but those payments will not be recognized until fall of Figure 1: Median Net Farm Income 3
6 The average farm earned a 3.9% rate of return on assets (assets valued at adjusted cost basis 2 ). Returns were up only slightly from the FINBIN record low of 2.6% in The average return on equity was also 3.9%. Figure 2 shows the relationship between rate of return on assets (ROA) and rate of return on equity (ROE) over this period. This relationship is a good barometer of sector profitability. Years when the ROE is higher than ROA are good years for agriculture. When this is the case, borrowed capital earned more than its cost (ROA was higher than the average interest rate paid on borrowed capital). In a way, we can think of 2014 as a breakeven year in that, after paying for borrowed capital, there were no additional returns to compensate for the investment of equity capital. Asset valuation is a major factor in measuring rates of return. Figure 2 is based on the adjusted cost or book value of assets. This provides the best picture of returns on funds actually invested by business owners. When assets are valued at estimated market value, ROA and ROE were somewhat higher, at 4.3% and 5.4%, respectively. This includes the capitalized estimated increases in asset values during the year in addition to actual farm earnings. Figure 2: Rates of Return on Assets and Equity 2 FINBIN includes assets valued at cost (book) and at their estimated market value. Cost valuation of capital assets is based on economic depreciation which depreciates assets at a rate generally slower than allowed by tax law. The profitability measures displayed here are based on the cost value of assets. 4
7 Liquidity After three very profitable years from 2010 to 2012, these Minnesota farms have suffered reductions in liquidity in each of the past two years. The average farm had a current ratio of 1:82:1 (Figure 3) at the end of 2014 ($1.82 of current assets to cover each dollar of current debt). Even with this decline, the average farm was still in a relatively strong liquidity position at the end of 2014, but another year of low earnings requiring producers to use working capital to meet financial obligations will almost certainly expose some major financial problems. In 2013, current ratios declined primarily because of the decreased value of crop inventories. In 2014, the larger factor was an increase in current liabilities, and in particular, an increase in current notes payable. Current loans increased by over $30,000 for the average farm in Working capital to gross revenue is perhaps a better measure of liquidity in that it relates the level of liquidity to business size. Figure 4 shows the relationship between working capital (current assets - current liabilities) and gross revenue for these farms by type of farm. All of the major Minnesota types of farm lost liquidity in 2014 by this measure. The average crop farm still had 46% of a year s gross revenue available in working capital at the end of 2014, down from a peak of 53% in However, this measure underestimates the deterioration of working capital on these farms as gross revenue has also declined over this period. In fact, participating crop farms have lost over 40% of their working capital in the past two years. Figure 3: Current Ratio 5
8 Dairy farms ended the year with only 17 cents worth of working capital per dollar of gross revenue. Dairy farms have never carried as much liquidity as other types of farms. While their working capital to gross revenue decreased slightly in 2014, their current ratio improved, indicating that the decline in working capital to gross was driven by increasing gross revenue. Yet, as dairy farms enter a year of reduced prices, their systemic lack of liquidity is a concern. With continued declines in liquidity over the past two years, there are certain types of operation that are in weaker liquidity positions and are more vulnerable to a financial downturn than the average farm: The youngest farmers, those 30 years old or younger, saw their working capital to gross decrease from 24% to 15% by the end of Highly leveraged farms, those with debt to asset ratios over 60%, saw their working capital to gross decrease from 10% to 6% in The average of the 152 highly leveraged crop farms in the group ended the year with negative working capital. Figure 4: Working Capital to Gross Revenue 6
9 Solvency The debt-to-asset ratios shown in Figure 5 are based on the estimated market value of all assets, farm and non-farm. Debts include deferred liabilities, an estimate of taxes payable if assets were liquidated. The solvency position of these farms was unchanged in 2014 after weakening in 2103 for the first time since At 41%, including deferred liabilities, the average farm is still in a strong solvency position. Figure 5: Debt to Asset Ratio S Table 2 shows the impact of financial leverage (or debt-to-asset position) on the financial performance for these farms. This table shows the risk/reward position of highly leveraged farms. While they were actually more profitable, based on ROA, than those farms carrying less debt, their liquidity and repayment capacity positons make them very vulnerable to any kind of financial disruption. Debt to Asset Ratio Under 40% Over 60% Number of farms Rate of return on assets 4.2 % 4.8 % Rate of return on equity 4.3 % 7.1 % Current ratio 3.4:1 1.1:1 Working capital to revenue 55 % 6 % Term debt coverage 2:1 1.2:1 Table 2: Impact of Financial Leverage,
10 Figure 6: Balance Sheets at Market in Constant 2014 Dollars While debt-to-asset ratios have not changed a great deal in recent years, there have been major changes on the balance sheets of these Minnesota farms (Figure 6). The average farm is growing rapidly and grew again in In constant dollars, total assets have increased by over $1.8 million over this period. Total debt increased by over $700,000 over the same period. As a result, the average farm has gained over $1.1 million of real net worth over the past nineteen years. This equates to 10% growth in net worth per year. Net worth increases can have two sources those resulting from earnings, either farm or non-farm, and those resulting from asset appreciation. The producers who contribute to FINBIN FINBIN track both cost and market values of their assets so it is possible to separate these components. Over this nineteen year period, 78% of the net worth growth was earned. Retained earnings result when farm and non-farm income exceed the amount consumed by family expenditures and income taxes. The remaining 22% of net worth growth resulted from asset appreciation. It should be noted that the individual farms included in FINBIN change somewhat each year, as some farms exit and new farms join the contributing educational programs. 8
11 Debt Repayment Capacity Debt coverage is a primary measure lenders monitor when extending credit to any business. The term debt coverage ratio (TDCR) compares dollars available for debt repayment after family living and income taxes versus scheduled debt repayment on term (non-current) debt. A TDCR of 1:1 indicates that income available for debt repayment exactly equaled scheduled payments. While other measures of business soundness, such as current ratio and debt to asset ratio, tend to change very little from year to year, TDCR shows much more variation. Therefore, it is probably a better indicator of year-to-year financial stress. In 2014, the average of these Minnesota farms generated a TDCR of 1.33:1, much improved from a historically low 1.02:1 in While improved, most lenders would still consider a farm with 1.3:1 debt coverage to be quite vulnerable to financial risks. Here again, looking only at the average conceals the underlying disparities across these Minnesota farms. Crop farms generated a TDCR of only 0.45: 1, meaning that the average crop producer generated less than half the amount needed to make term debt payments out of current year earnings. The rest had to come from liquidating working capital retained from previous years. Dairy and hog producers, on the other hand, generated a TDCR of over 2.5:1. Most crop producers came into the year with enough working capital to cover payments without any difficulty. But this contributed to the reduction in working capital reported by crop producers. Figure 7: Term Debt Coverage Ratio 9
12 Regional Profitability Regionally, farm incomes were up slightly in areas of the state with substantial livestock production and down in regions dominated by crop production. That generally translated to incomes up in the East and down in the West. Even though their incomes were down, producers in the Southwest region had the highest earnings for the second consecutive year. Incomes were lowest in the South Central region. Coupled with low crop prices, participating producers in the South Central region also produced their lowest corn yield since Profits were also down by 44% in the Northwest. Incomes for Red River Valley and West Central farms were reduced by a second consecutive year of low sugar beet prices. Figure 8: Median Net Farm Income by Region 10
13 Type of Farm was a year of divergence for Minnesota s crop and livestock farms. Crop farms profits were down for a second consecutive year and many crop farmers experienced losses. On the other hand, most livestock farms, whether they were dairy, pork or beef farms, had one of their most profitable years. Crop Farms The 955 crop farms in the 2014 group earned a median net farm income of only $17,003, down 65% from As Figure 3 shows, this is a huge decrease from the financial performance of these farms in the previous three years. The average crop farm earned a negative return on equity capital (Table 3). Prices for Minnesota s principal commodities continued to decline in The price of corn in January, 2014 was $4.40 per bushel. By December, corn sold for an average of Soybeans fell from $12.50 to $ The dramatic price reduction for corn and soybeans, along with corresponding reductions for other crops pushed ending inventory values down, a major reason crop farms were less profitable in The average prices received for sales of corn and soybeans by were $4.37 and $11.67 respectively, indicating that many farmers did a good job of marketing their crop. Sugar beets brought $42/ton, down from $66 two years earlier. Figure 9, Median Net Farm Income, Crop Farms 3 Farms were categorized based on 70% of gross receipts from the respective enterprise. For this report, hog, dairy and beef farms were categorized based on 70% of gross receipts from the livestock enterprise or a combination of that enterprise plus crop sales. 4 Minnesota Ag News Monthly Prices, USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service 11
14 Crop Farms Rate of return on assets 17.1% 2.3% 0.0% Rate of return on equity 25.2% 1.3% -2.2% Working capital to gross rev. 53% 51% 46% Term debt coverage ratio 4.9:1 0.96:1 0.45:1 Net worth change $349,425 $102,460 $28,696 Table 3: Crop Farm Returns Corn yields averaged 158 bushe1s per acre, 9 bushels under the ten year average for participating farms. Soybeans averaged 43, a bushel over the ten year trend. Crops got off to a very slow start in most parts of the state with very cold and wet conditions through May and June. Minnesota had more prevent plant acres than any other state, with several South Central and Northwestern counties hit hardest. 5 The average crop farm received almost $52,000 of crop insurance income. Small grains did better under the cool temps. Spring wheat averaged 65 bushels per acre, 10 bushels over the ten year average. Production costs leveled out after climbing for several years. For corn, seed expense was up 5% but fertilizer was down 11%. Cash rent was up 6%. In total, the average cost per acre was virtually unchanged from Soybean costs increased by $16 per acre, an increase of 3%. om Corn Yield (bu.) Price received / bu. $6.08 $6.28 $4.37 Cost of production / bu. $4.52 $4.80 $4.57 Cost per acre $752 $821 $820 Soybeans Yield (bu.) Price received / bu $13.09 $13.59 $11.67 Cost of production / bu. $9.59 $11.06 $10.71 Cost per acre $430 $457 $473 Spring Wheat Yield (bu.) Price received / bu. $8.19 $7.66 $6.33 Cost of production / bu. $6.47 $5.98 $6.13 Cost per acre $385 $392 $389 Table 4: Crop Yields, Prices and Cost of Production for Major Minnesota Crops 5 The Farmer, Novermber, 2014, page
15 Dairy Farms Minnesota dairy farms had one of their most profitable years in history in After a year of reduced earnings in 2013 caused by high feed costs and the decreased value of feed inventories, dairy farmers earnings soared as they continued to ride a financial roller-coaster. Milk prices hit record levels of over $25 per hundredweight. The median net farm income for all dairy farms was $138,027, up almost 200% from The average dairy farm earned a 15.6% return on equity. Profits increased consistently with herd size. The largest herds size group, those with over 500 cows, averaged a 21% ROE. However, as in previous years, larger dairy farms had less of a financial cushion. Their liquidity position was much tighter than smaller dairies at 15% working capital to gross. The average price received for milk increased from $20.36 per hundredweight (cwt) in 2013 to $24.43 in On average, it cost $20.10 per cwt to produce milk, up from $19.94, resulting in net income of over $4.00 per cwt. Dairy producers had another factor in their favor in 2014 the high value of beef. Cull cow income increased by 28% per cow and calf sales income increased by 62%. Even though the price of feeds decreased from the previous year, feed costs per cow actually increased slightly as decreases in corn and hay were offset by increasing protein costs. Total production costs per cow increased by an average of 6%. A big part of that increase was labor cost, which increased by 13%. Figure 10, Median Net Farm Income, Dairy Farms 13
16 Dairy Farms Rate of return on assets 10.6% 3.3% 10.9% Rate of return on equity 15.6% 2.4% 15.8% Working capital to gross rev. 23% 18% 17% Term debt coverage ratio 2.5:1 1.1:1 2.5:1 Net worth change $171,543 $84,956 $211,005 Table 5: Dairy Farm Returns Milk production per cow increased by 3% to 23,556 pounds. Production per cow increased with herd size. Herds of over 500 cows averaged 26,497 pounds per cow. Herds of fewer than 100 cows averaged 19,358 pounds per cow. Large herds also had higher costs on a per cow basis, with higher feed costs and significantly higher labor costs. Costs per cow trended from $3,171 for the smallest herds (1 50 cows), up to $4,832 for those with over 500 cows. But on a per hundredweight basis, given higher production per cow, large herds produced milk at lower cost than any other herd size. Average herd size was 181 cows, up only 2% after increasing by over 30% in the previous three years. This number of dairy herds included in the database also declined by 2%. The number of herds has decreased by 134 herds since 2010, reflecting the continued retirement of dairy herds across the state as many older producers converted to cash crop production during the period of high crop prices. Over the years, organic dairy herds have typically netted higher returns per cow than conventional herds. That pattern was reversed in 2014 as organic herds netted $630 per cow while conventional herds netted $1,249 per cow. The average price received for organic milk was $31.25 per hundredweight. The record profits earned by many Minnesota dairy farms will not be repeated in Prices have already retreated under cost of production and futures prices for Class III milk remain under cost of production for the entire year. Dairy Farm Highlights Number of dairy enterprises Average number of cows Production per cow (lb) 22,434 22,905 23,556 Price received / cwt $19.63 $20.36 $24.43 Cost of production / cwt $19.20 $19.94 $20.10 Cost per cow $3,934 $4,104 $4,347 Table 6: Dairy Farm Highlights 14
17 Pork Farms The pork industry was dominated in 2014 by uncertainty related to the PED virus epidemic. With concern that pork supplies might be limited by baby pig death loss, buyers scrambled to lock in supplies and bid up the price of pork to record levels. Producers also ramped up production to try to make sure their barns stayed full. In the end, disease problems did not spread to the extent feared and pork production was down by only 2%. 6 For most Minnesota pork producers, all of that market uncertainty created a formula for strong profits. The median of the 84 participating hog producers made $201,996 from farm operations in 2014, higher than any other major farm type (Figure 11). The average hog producer earned 12.5% on equity capital (Table 7). No other sector of Minnesota s farm economy has changed as much as the pork industry over the past two decades. There are a lot less pork producers than there used to be. Those remaining tend to be larger than other farm types. When they are profitable, their profitability is magnified by the size of their operations. When they are not profitable, their losses are also magnified was a profitable year. Figure 11, Median Net Farm Income, Hog Farms 6 Hurt, Chris, Pork s Boom and Bust Price Pattern, farmdocdaily.illinois.edu, March 2,
18 Hog Farms Rate of return on assets 14.3% 3.3% 8.5% Rate of return on equity 21.1% 3.0% 12.5% Working capital to gross rev. 35% 30% 26% Term debt coverage 3.9:1 1.2:1 2.6:1 Net worth change $484,379 $102,422 $246,982 Table 7: Hog Farm Returns Farrow to finish operators made $425 on every litter farrowed in 2014, far more than they have ever made in the nineteen year FINBIN time series. The average price received was a record $104 per hundredweight carcass. With feed prices down and prices up, pig producers had a very profitable year. We noted above that participating hog producers are, on average, larger than other types of farm. That is not true of these farrowing operations. In fact, most are small compared to their peers. Therefore they are not a good barometer for industry trends. Participating wean to finish operators operate on a much larger scale. The average wean to finish farm finished over 16,000 pigs. In 2014 these operations made $33 per pig after losing $3 per head the previous year. Their price received per hundredweight carcass was $101.22, up from $88.90 in Feed costs were down 16% while the cost to purchase weaned pigs increased by only 6%, resulting in a total cost of production of $88.91 compared to $93.22 the previous year. It is easy to see the hog cycle in Figure 11 for most of the past two decades. The cycle has been disrupted by disease and highly variable feed costs in the past several years looks to be an aberration. It is impossible to know how the picture would have changed had there not been a PEDV scare. What is clear is that 2015 will not be as profitable as Producers built up their herds in 2014 to keep their barns full. Now those pigs are coming to market. Prices have already fallen to breakeven levels and futures prices suggest only limited improvement the rest of the year. s Hog Farm Highlights No. farrow-to-finish ents Average number of sows Pigs weaned per sow Price received / cwt (carcass) $94.52 $97.18 $ Cost of production / cwt $96.63 $97.49 $97.47 No. pig finishing enterprises Number of pigs finished 8,847 12,543 10,445 Price received / cwt (carcass) $84.51 $89.06 $ Cost of production / cwt $85.84 $92.58 $87.70 Table 8: Hog Farm Highlights 16
19 Beef Farms Across all previous years included in the FINBIN database, cow-calf producers had never netted more than $160 per cow. In 2014 they made over $450. In all previous years, cattle finishers had never netted more than 120 per head. In 2014, they made $400. Yet, 2014 was not the most profitable year for Minnesota beef farms in the FINBIN time series. That is because these farms rely on crop production for much of their income, and in 2014, crop returns (or losses) weighed them down. There were 171 beef operations in the farm management programs in The median beef farm earned $40,950 in 2014, up from $7,047 in 2013 (Figure 12). The average rate of return on equity was 8.7% for all beef operations (Table 9). For the fifth consecutive year, cow-calf operations produced beef calves at a profit after losses in the previous three years. In 2014, they netted $458 per cow. However, with only 68 cows per farm, the average cow-calf operator netted only $31,000 from their cattle operation. Like milk and pork, beef prices reached record highs in The average price received for beef calves was $217 per hundredweight, up from $156 in 2013 and 70% higher than the ten year average for these farms. Figure 12: Median Net Farm Income, Beef Farms 17
20 Beef Farms Rate of return on assets 11.1% 2.4% 6.2% Rate of return on equity 17.5% 0.8% 8.7% Working capital to gross rev. 38% 37% 29% Term debt coverage ratio 3.3:1 1.1:1 1.9:1 Net worth change $177,460 $55,631 $111,733 Table 9: Beef Farm Returns For the fifth consecutive year, total cost per cow increased. In 2014, costs increased by 11%. Cost increases were spread across several nonfeed items. Feed costs increased by only 2%. Including labor and management charges, it cost $131 to produce a hundred pounds of feeder calf on a live-weight basis. Cattle finishers earned large profits per head even though they had to pay record high costs to purchase feeder cattle. They responded to high beef prices by finishing 40% more cattle than they had in each of the past two years. The average price received for market weight cattle was $150.60, up from $ However, the price paid for feeder cattle increased from $ to $ As beef prices increased, feed costs decreased by $165 per head, a 29% reduction. Even with lower feed costs, the cost to produce 100 pounds of beef increased to $125 per cwt, up $3, largely due to the higher cost of feeder calves. Beef production is the one bright spot in the 2015 outlook for Minnesota agriculture. Cattle supply is still restricted as the industry struggles to regain capacity lost to herd liquidations following the 2012 drought. It takes a long time to rebuild cattle inventories. And to do so, heifers have to be retained for breeding rather than going to market. Cow-calf producers should have another very profitable year in Cattle finishers, on the other hand, have to live on the margin between feeder cattle and market cattle prices. It remains to be seen if profitable margins will result in Beef Farm Highlights No. of cow-calf enterprises Number of cows Calf weaning percentage Calf sales price / cwt $ $ $ Calf cost of production / cwt $ $ $ No. beef finishing enterprises Number of head finished Average daily gain Purchase cost per cwt. $ $ $ Finished beef price / cwt $ $ $ Finishing cost of production / cwt $ $ $ Table 10: Beef Farm Highlights 18
21 Size of Farm Figure 13 shows the disparity between the average earnings of the smallest farms and the largest participating farms. While this graph shows that larger farms were far more profitable than smaller farms in 2014, this may be more due to enterprise than business size, as large hog and dairy farms, who had very strong earnings in 2014, fell into this group. Two-hundred (200) of the 2183 farms grossed over $2,000,000. The median farm in this group netted $418,976. It is important to note that the largest farms often support multiple families. Farms that grossed under $500,000 supported 1.1 operators per farm, on average, while those that grossed over $2,000,000 had 1.8 operators. Consistent with previous years, the smallest farms had very low or negative earnings. There were 195 farms that grossed $100,000 or less in These farms generally include beginning farmers who may be farming with the help of parents, exiting farmers who are maintaining a connection to the farm, and part-time operators. The median farm in this group earned a net farm income of $1,335 in The smallest farms generally rely on non-farm sources for most of their income. The average farm that grossed under $100,000 earned over $52,000 in non-farm income in Figure 13: Net Farm Income by Farm Size 19
22 While larger farms earned higher net incomes than their smaller neighbors, they also had high investments in land, machinery and other capital. Figure 14 compares the rates of return on assets for these different size groups. Here, the results are not as consistent. The largest farms had far higher returns than any other size group, but beyond that, there is no distinct pattern. This picture is a little different than it has been in recent years. Generally, there has been a consistent, but smaller, advantage to farm size. Again, it is likely that the largest livestock operations pushed up the returns of larger farms in In fact, this pattern did not hold for crop farms. Crop farms that grossed over $2 million generated an ROA of only 0.1%. But it did hold for all livestock farms. It should be noted that the ROAs for all size groups were much lower than in the boom years of In 2012, these rates ranged from 3.1% for the smallest farms to 16.4% for the largest farms. This year, with rates of 3% and under, virtually all sizes of farms except the largest farms earned lower rates than they paid on borrowed capital. In profitable years, large farms incomes are always multiplied by volume. As might be expected, large dairy, hog and beef farms were very profitable in But size was not an advantage for crop farms, many of whom lost money on rented cropland. It is not expected that returns to scale will be as large in 2015, as per unit returns weaken in milk and pork production. Figure 14: Rate of Return on Assets by Farm Size 20
23 Family Expenses For the first time since 1998, family living expenses declined for Minnesota producers who tracked detail living expenses. Approximately one-quarter of the families included in the Minnesota FINBIN database keep detailed family living records in addition to their farm financial records. The average of these farms spent over $64,000 on family living expenses in 2014 (Figure 15), a decrease of 3% from 2013 in real dollars. Medical care and health insurance, when added together, were the highest single expenditure at $10,195, followed by food and meal expenses at $8,031. In addition, the average family paid income and social security taxes of $25,153 and another $4,795 on household furnishing, non-farm vehicles, and other non-farm, non-real-estate capital purchases. Most categories of family expense decreased somewhat from the previous year. Medical and health insurance was down 5%. Food and meals were down 4%. It appears that many families farmers responded to reduced earnings by tightening their purse strings. another Figure 15: Family Living Expense 21
24 Data Sources The Minnesota data included in FINBIN is provided by producers who are participants in farm business management education programs throughout the state. The majority of the farms included (2,036) are participants in the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (MnSCU) Farm Business Management programs. More information is available on these programs at S Another 105 farms are members of the Southwest Minnesota Farm Business Management Association. More information is available on SWMFBMA at: h/farmbusinessmanagement. Forty-two farms were contributed by other affiliated groups. Sales Class Total Minnesota Farms Number of Farms in FINBIN Percent in FINBIN < 250,000 57, % $250,001 1,000,000 11,727 1,089 9% > $1,000,000 5, % Table 11: Size of Farms included in FINBIN vs. Minnesota Farm Population FINBIN data is not survey data. Participating producers complete a comprehensive whole farm and enterprise analysis of their operation at the end of each year, with the help of a farm management educator. The farm financial data is processed through several levels of screening for accuracy and completeness. While it is impossible to verify accuracy of every data point, every effort is made to verify the integrity of each set of farm financial data included in the database. The FINBIN database includes a substantial share of Minnesota commercial farms. Table 11 Bibliography 2012 Census of Agriculture, Preliminary Report, U.S. and State Data, United States Department of Agriculture, AC-12-A-PR, February, 2015, /Preliminary_Report/Full_Report.pdf. Farmdoc, University of Illinois, compares the farms included in FINBIN to all Minnesota farms based on preliminary data from the 2012 Census of Agriculture. Based on these figures, FINBIN includes 10% of Minnesota farms that grossed over $250,000 and a smaller percentage of smaller Minnesota farms. It must be stressed, however, that this is not a random sample of Minnesota farms. These farms choose to be involved in Farm Management programs and there may be characteristics of farms that participate in these educational programs that make them different from other farms in the state. FINBIN Farm Financial Database, Center For Farm Financial Management, University of Minnesota, Minnesota Ag News Monthly Prices, United States Department of Agriculture/National Agricultural Statistics Service, Washington, D.C. The Farmer, November,
Report on Minnesota Farm Finances. April, 2010
2009 Report on Minnesota Farm Finances April, 2010 Acknowledgements: Contributing Minnesota producers Minnesota State Colleges and Universities Farm Business Management Education Program Southwestern Minnesota
More informationReport on Minnesota Farm Finances. August, 2009
2008 Report on Minnesota Farm Finances August, 2009 Acknowledgements: Contributing Minnesota producers Minnesota State Colleges and Universities Farm Business Management Education Program Southwestern
More information2017 FINBIN Report on Minnesota Farm Finances
Acknowledgements: Contributing Minnesota producers Minnesota Farm Business Management Education, Minnesota State Southwestern Minnesota Farm Business Management Association Thank you to Brittni Lamoreux
More informationReport on Minnesota Farm Finances. May, 2017
2016 Report on Minnesota Farm Finances May, 2017 Acknowledgements: Contributing Minnesota producers Minnesota Farm Business Management Education, Minnesota State Southwestern Minnesota Farm Business Management
More informationTHE BENEFITS OF FINANCIAL BENCHMARKING TO FARMERS IN THE UNITED STATES
THE BENEFITS OF FINANCIAL BENCHMARKING TO FARMERS IN THE UNITED STATES Robert Craven, Dale Nordquist and Kevin Klair Center for Farm Financial Management, University of Minnesota Abstract Benchmarking
More information2006 Iowa Farm Costs. and Returns File C1-10. Ag Decision Maker. Definition of Terms Used
2006 Iowa Farm Costs Ag Decision Maker and Returns File C1-10 The farm record data utilized in this report were obtained from the Iowa Farm Business Associations. The average of all farms in each table
More information2009 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf. Staff Paper December, 2010
2009 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf Staff Paper 2010-04 December, 2010 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
More information2004 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg Christopher Wolf. Staff Paper September 2005
Staff Paper 2004 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg Christopher Wolf Staff Paper 2005-10 September 2005 Department of Agricultural Economics MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY East Lansing,
More information2008 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Stephen Harsh. Staff Paper November, 2009
2008 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Stephen Harsh Staff Paper 2009-11 November, 2009 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
More information2011 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher A. Wolf. Staff Paper October, 2012
2011 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher A. Wolf Staff Paper 2012-09 October, 2012 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE
More information2014 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf. Staff Paper December, 2015
2014 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf Staff Paper 2015-08 December, 2015 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
More information2015 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf. Staff Paper November, 2016
2015 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf Staff Paper 2016-01 November, 2016 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
More information2007 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Stephen Harsh. Staff Paper December, 2008
2007 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Stephen Harsh Staff Paper 2008-07 December, 2008 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
More information2015 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher A. Wolf. Staff Paper November, 2016
2015 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher A. Wolf Staff Paper 2016-02 November, 2016 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE
More informationFARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 2009 Annual Report Central and West Central Minnesota April, 2010 A Management Education Program Minnesota State Colleges and Universities Ridgewater College VISIT OUR WEBSITE
More information2007 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf. Staff Paper December, 2008
2007 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf Staff Paper 2008-04 December, 2008 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
More informationEconomics 330 Fall 2005 Exam 1. Strategic Planning and Budgeting
Economics 330 Fall 2005 Exam 1 K E Y Strategic Planning and Budgeting Circle the letter of the best answer. You may put a square around the letter of your second choice. If your second choice is right,
More information2014 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher A. Wolf. Staff Paper December, 2015
2014 Michigan Cash Grain Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher A. Wolf Staff Paper 2015-07 December, 2015 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE
More informationFinancial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms
Agribusiness & Applied Economics Report No. 744 September 2015 Financial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms 2005- Andrew L. Swenson Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics Agricultural Experiment
More informationFinancial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms
Agribusiness & Applied Economics Report No. 756 September 2016 Financial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms 2006- Andrew L. Swenson Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics Agricultural Experiment
More informationFinancial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms
Agribusiness & Applied Economics Report No. 778 August 2017 Financial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms 2007- Andrew L. Swenson Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics Agricultural Experiment
More information2006 Michigan Dairy Grazing Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf. Staff Paper November, 2007
2006 Michigan Dairy Grazing Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf Staff Paper 2007-09 November, 2007 Department of Agricultural Economics MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY East Lansing,
More informationFinancial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms
g Agricultural Economics Report No. 379 August 1997 Financial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms 1994-1996 Andrew L. Swenson Cole R. Gustafson Department of Agricultural Economics North Dakota State
More information2007 Michigan Dairy Grazing Farm Business Analysis Summary. Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf. Staff Paper December, 2008
2007 Michigan Dairy Grazing Farm Business Analysis Summary Eric Wittenberg And Christopher Wolf Staff Paper 2008-5 December, 2008 Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics MICHIGAN STATE
More informationHighlights from the 2007 North Dakota Region 4 Averages
Highlights from the 2007 North Dakota Region 4 Averages Overview for Region 4 The western part of North Dakota had a good year for crop production with an overall increase in yields and increases in prices.
More informationHog Enterprise Summary
1990-98 Hog Enterprise Summary KENTUCKY FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAM Agricultural Economics Extension No. 2000-01 February 2000 By: GREGG IBENDAHL, RICK COSTIN, RICHARD COFFEY, AND RON FLEMING University
More informationCATTLE MAY HAVE A DECENT, BUT VOLATILE YEAR
CATTLE MAY HAVE A DECENT, BUT VOLATILE YEAR FEBRUARY 2004 Chris Hurt 2004 NO. 2 Summary Early indications are that 2004 will not be as difficult for the cattle industry as many producers had feared in
More informationAnnual Summary Data Kentucky Beef Farms 2013
Cooperative Extension Service, University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment. Agricultural Economics - Extension No. 2014-04 Kentucky Farm Business Management Program Annual Summary
More information2011 STATE FFA FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TEST PART 2. Financial Statements (FINPACK Balance Sheets found in the resource information)
2011 STATE FFA FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TEST PART 2 Financial Statements (FINPACK Balance Sheets found in the resource information) Please use the Market Value when making the calculations for the Zimmerman
More information2012 STATE FFA FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TEST PART 2. Financial Statements (FINPACK Balance Sheets found in the resource information)
2012 STATE FFA FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TEST PART 2 Financial Statements (FINPACK Balance Sheets found in the resource information) Please use the Market Value when making the calculations for the Zimmerman
More informationA. Circle the best answer. Put a square around your second choice, if you want. If your second choice is correct you get half credit.
Economics 330 Exam 1 Fall 2007 Farm Budgeting and Planning K E Y A. Circle the best answer. Put a square around your second choice, if you want. If your second choice is correct you get half credit. (4
More informationAnnual Summary Data Kentucky Beef Farms
Cooperative Extension Service, University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment. Agricultural Economics - Extension No. 2013-13 Kentucky Farm Business Management Program Annual Summary
More informationWisconsin Agricultural Economics Outlook Forum
Wisconsin Agricultural Economics Outlook Forum January 21, 2015 Executive Summary Status of the Wisconsin Farm Economy This document was prepared by the Renk Agribusiness Institute in January, 2015. Wisconsin
More informationMILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 1998 on Selected WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS
MILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 1998 on Selected WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS by Gary Frank and Jenny Vanderlin 1 July 23, 1999 Introduction Total cost of production per hundredweight equivalent of milk ($14.90) was
More informationTIMELY INFORMATION. Agriculture & Natural Resources AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND RURAL SOCIOLOGY, AUBURN UNIVERSITY, AL
AG ECONOMIC SERIES TIMELY INFORMATION Agriculture & Natural Resources AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND RURAL SOCIOLOGY, AUBURN UNIVERSITY, AL 36849-5639 DAERS 08-5 September 2008 U. S. Beef Cattle Situation
More informationOhio Farm Financial Conditions and Outlook: Farm Income and Assets, Land Values and Rent, and Farm Financial Stress
Ohio Farm Financial Conditions and Outlook: Farm Income and Assets, Land Values and Rent, and Farm Financial Stress Ani Katchova Associate Professor Farm Income Enhancement Chair Department of Agricultural,
More informationFinancial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms
Agricultural Economics Report No. 358 August 1996 Financial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms 1993-1995 Andrew L. Swenson Cole R. Gustafson Department of Agricultural Economics North Dakota State University
More informationPork Industry Makes Turn for the Better
Pork Industry Makes Turn for the Better July 2004 Chris Hurt After a period of grave concern regarding depressed hog prices and rising feed prices in the spring, markets have turned positive for hog producers.
More informationAgriculture: expansions highlighted developments
Agriculture: expansions highlighted developments A broad-based expansion in livestock production and another bumper grain harvest highlighted agricultural developments in 1976. Meat production rose 9 percent
More informationAgricultural Economics
Ag Econ 341 Agricultural Economics Financial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms 1992-1994 Andrew Swenson and Cole Gustafson DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION NORTH
More informationU.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC RESEARCH SERVICE August 1972 FCR-83 cooperating with New Mexico State University COSTS NOV
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC RESEARCH SERVICE August 1972 FCR-83 cooperating with New Mexico State University COSTS NOV 2 1872 and RETURNS FARM COSTS AND RETURNS STUDIES This report is part
More informationAppendix I Whole Farm Analysis Procedures and Measures
Appendix I Whole Farm Analysis Procedures and Measures The whole-farm reports (except for the balance sheets) include the same number of farms, which were all of the farms whose records were judged to
More information2008 Organic Farm Performance in Minnesota
This document is made available electronically by the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library as part of an ongoing digital archiving project. http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/lrl.asp 2008 Organic Farm Performance
More information2009 Organic Farm Performance
This document is made available electronically by the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library as part of an ongoing digital archiving project. http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/lrl.asp 2009 Organic Farm Performance
More informationFarm Financial Outlook
Farm Financial Outlook Alejandro Plastina, PhD Assistant Professor, Economics NACM Heartland - National Agriculture Retail Credit Exchange Group Ankeny, IA March 2, 2017 Main topics Farm Financial Situation
More informationA Study into Dairy Profitability MSC Business Services during
A Study into Dairy Profitability MSC Business Services during 2006-2009 July 2010 Authors: Michael Evanish, Manager Wayne Brubaker, Consultant Lee Wenger, Consultant Page 1 of 43 Page 2 of 43 Index Part
More informationFAPRI-UMC Report December 8, 2005
FAPRI-UMC Report 17-05 December 8, 2005 FAPRI 2006 Outlook for Missouri Agriculture Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources University
More informationFocus. Panhandle Model Farms 2018 Case Studies of Texas. High Plains Agriculture
FARM Assistance Focus Panhandle Model Farms 2018 Case Studies of Texas High Plains Agriculture DeDe Jones Steven Klose Will Keeling Farm Assistance Focus 2019-1 January 2019 Department of Agricultural
More informationJason Henderson Vice President and Branch Executive Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Omaha Branch April 25, 2012
Jason Henderson Vice President and Branch Executive April 25, 2012 The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City or
More informationMILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 2008 On Selected WISONSIN DAIRY FARMS
MILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 2008 On Selected WISONSIN DAIRY FARMS By Ken Bolton and Jenny Vanderlin 1 October 2009 Introduction The Basic Cost of Production increased in 2008 by $0.35/cwt equivalent (CWT
More informationIowa Farm Outlook. December 2015 Ames, Iowa Econ. Info Replacement Quality Heifer Prices Supported by Latest Data
Iowa Farm Outlook 0BDepartment of Economics December 2015 Ames, Iowa Econ. Info. 2068 Replacement Quality Heifer Prices Supported by Latest Data Beef cow herd expansion started briskly in 2014 with a 2.1%
More informationMILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 2009 on Selected WISONSIN DAIRY FARMS
MILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 2009 on Selected WISONSIN DAIRY FARMS By Ken Bolton and Jenny Vanderlin 1 Introduction January 2011 The good news is that Wisconsin dairy farmers lowered their basic cost of production
More informationLivestock Enterprise. Budgets for Iowa 2016 File B1-21. Ag Decision Maker
Livestock Enterprise Ag Decision Maker Budgets for Iowa 2016 File B1-21 This publication contains estimates of production costs for common livestock enterprises in Iowa. Estimates are intended to reflect
More informationFocus. Panhandle Model Farms 2016 Case Studies of Texas. High Plains Agriculture. DeDe Jones Steven Klose
FARM Assistance Focus Panhandle Model Farms 2016 Case Studies of Texas High Plains Agriculture DeDe Jones Steven Klose Farm Assistance Focus 2016-3 November 2016 Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas
More informationMILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 2001 on Selected WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS
MILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 2001 on Selected WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS By Gary Frank and Jenny Vanderlin 1 July 22, 2002 Introduction The good news is that higher milk prices in 2001 caused an increased of almost
More informationCosts to Produce Milk in Illinois 2003
Costs to Produce Milk in Illinois 2003 University of Illinois Farm Business Management Resources FBM-0160 Costs to Produce Milk in Illinois 2003 Dale H. Lattz Extension Specialist, Farm Management Department
More informationThe entire report is available at:
The University of Minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin,
More informationMILK PRODUCTION COSTS and SELECTED FINANCIAL BENCHMARKS FROM 978 WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS
1996 1 MILK PRODUCTION COSTS and SELECTED FINANCIAL BENCHMARKS FROM 978 WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS by Gary Frank and Jenny Vanderlin 2 August 27, 1997 Introduction In this study of 1996 records, 978 dairy farms
More informationJohn Deere s Outlook on Cattle Economics
John Deere s Outlook on Cattle Economics U.S. Drought having serious impact on livestock Drought impacting large cattle/dairy states Pushing feed prices higher Forced to feed hay earlier, haul water to
More informationCow-Calf Enterprise Standardized Performance Analysis
Cow-Calf Enterprise Standardized Performance Analysis Overview Cattlemen are challenged to reduce production costs, be more competitive, and increase market share and profits. The first step to lowering
More informationFINPACK. Livestock Budgets. Based on 2015 FINBIN Database Reports
July, 2016 FINPACK Livestock Budgets Based on 2015 FINBIN Database Reports Data Source: Minnesota Farm Business Management, Minnesota State Colleges and Universities, University of Minnesota Dale Nordquist
More informationHog Producers Show Little Sign of Retreat
Hog Producers Show Little Sign of Retreat April 2007 Chris Hurt 2007-No2 Hog producers reported they are continuing to increase the size of the breeding herd by one percent in the latest USDA update. This
More informationBenchmarking Your Herd s Economic Facts
Managing for Today s Cattle Market and Beyond March 2002 Benchmarking s Economic Facts By Harlan Hughes, North Dakota State University Dwight Aakre, North Dakota State University Introduction Benchmarking
More informationThe entire report is available at:
2005 Annual Report Staff Paper P06-5 Department of Applied Economics University of Minnesota St. Paul, MN 55108 March 2006 The University of Minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall
More informationProduction Economics of Ohio Dairy Farms
Production Economics of Ohio Dairy Farms 1996-2005 Donald J. Breece Ph.D. Farm Management Specialist Ohio State University Extension October, 2006 For the past ten years financial and production data was
More informationHog Producers Near the End of Losses
Hog Producers Near the End of Losses January 2003 Chris Hurt Last year was another tough one for many hog producers unless they had contracts that kept the prices they received much above the average spot
More informationThe data for this report were collected by Iowa Farm Business Association consultants and compiled by Iowa State University Extension and Outreach.
2016 Cash Iowa Rental Farm Rates Costs for Iowa Ag Decision Maker Returns 2015 Survey File C1-10 The farm record data utilized in this report were obtained from the Iowa Farm Business Association. The
More informationTIMELY INFORMATION Agriculture & Natural Resources
AG ECONOMIC SERIES TIMELY INFORMATION Agriculture & Natural Resources DAERS 2010 4 September 2010 U. S. Beef Cattle Situation and Price Outlook Walt Prevatt, Ph.D. Extension Economist and Professor Auburn
More informationHOG PRODUCERS SHOW LITTLE SIGN OF RETREAT
HOG PRODUCERS SHOW LITTLE SIGN OF RETREAT APRIL 2007 Chris Hurt 2007 NO. 2 Hog producers reported in the latest USDA update that they increased the size of the breeding herd by 1 percent. This means pork
More informationNEBRASKA FFA FARM MANAGEMENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT CONTEST 2016 Farm Business Management Practice Contest Examination
NEBRASKA FFA FARM MANAGEMENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT CONTEST 2016 Farm Business Management Practice Contest Examination 1. A farm business operation which is highly financially leveraged is best described as
More informationOntario Swine Farms. Ontario Data Analysis Project
Ontario Swine Farms Ontario Data Analysis Project 1995-1998 by Ken McEwan and Lynn Marchand Ridgetown College, University of Guelph Prepared For Policy Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Ottawa May
More informationEvaluating Drought Forced Culling Decisions. Larry Falconer and David Anderson Texas AgriLife Extension Service. May 10, 2011
Evaluating Drought Forced Culling Decisions Larry Falconer and David Anderson Texas AgriLife Extension Service May 10, 2011 The extremely dry conditions that we are experiencing in most of Texas are forcing
More informationOctober 20, 1998 Ames, Iowa Econ. Info U.S., WORLD CROP ESTIMATES TIGHTEN SOYBEAN SUPPLY- DEMAND:
October 20, 1998 Ames, Iowa Econ. Info. 1752 U.S., WORLD CROP ESTIMATES TIGHTEN SOYBEAN SUPPLY- DEMAND: USDA's domestic and world crop estimates show a less burdensome world supply-demand balance for soybeans
More informationThe Iowa Pork Industry 2008: Patterns and Economic Importance by Daniel Otto and John Lawrence 1
The Iowa Pork Industry 2008: Patterns and Economic Importance by Daniel Otto and John Lawrence 1 Introduction The Iowa pork industry represents a significant value-added activity in the agricultural economy
More informationNortheast Dairy Farm Summary
Northeast Dairy Farm Summary 2016 Northeast Dairy Farm Summary 2016 Prepared by: Chris Laughton, Editor Farm Credit East May 2017 This report is a collaboration of Farm Credit East and Yankee Farm Credit.
More informationFocus. Panhandle Model Farms 2012 Case Studies of Texas. High Plains Agriculture
FARM Assistance Focus Panhandle Model Farms 2012 Case Studies of Texas High Plains Agriculture DeDe Jones Steven Klose Doug Mayfield Farm Assistance Focus 2012-2 August 2012 Department of Agricultural
More informationCattle Feeder's Planning Guide
rjrj -~ S-o I J (, e:--' FARM MANAGEMENT SERIES FM-01 REV. 1/ /1.e1 LI. o..:> Cattle Feeder's Planning Guide Should I Feed Cattle The average Minnesota cattle feeder lost money feeding cattle during the
More informationRevenue Components. Yield Government Programs Crop Insurance
Farm Financial Conditions 25th Annual Crop Insurance Conference January 22, 2018 Fargo, ND Andrew Swenson Extension Farm Management Specialist Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics North Dakota
More informationFocus. Panhandle Model Farms Case Studies of Texas High. Plains Agriculture
FARM Assistance Focus Panhandle Model Farms Case Studies of Texas High Plains Agriculture Diana Jones Patrick Warminski Jonathan Baros Steven Klose Farm Assistance Focus 2010-1 March 2010 Department of
More informationTIMELY INFORMATION. DAERS 08-4 August Making Adjustments To The Cattle Herd Due To Higher Production Costs
AG ECONOMIC SERIES TIMELY INFORMATION Agriculture & Natural Resources DAERS 08-4 August 2008 Making Adjustments To The Cattle Herd Due To Higher Production Costs J. Walter Prevatt, Ph.D. Auburn University
More informationCosts to Produce Milk in Illinois 2016
Costs to Produce Milk in Illinois 2016 Costs to Produce Milk in Illinois 2016 University of Illinois Farm Business Management Resources FBM-0160 Brandy M. Krapf, Dwight D. Raab, and Bradley L. Zwilling
More information1979 Food and Agricultural Outlook
1979 Food and Agricultural Outlook NEIL A. STEVENS and CLIFTON B, LUTTRELL ~HE 1979 forecast of U.S. food and agricultural developments by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) points to larger food
More informationDairy Replacement Programs: Costs & Analysis 3 rd Quarter 2012
February 2014 EB 2014-02 Dairy Replacement Programs: Costs & Analysis 3 rd Quarter 2012 Jason Karszes PRO-DAIRY Department of Animal Science Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management
More informationLIVESTOCK FEEDING ENTERPRISES PROFITABLE IN 1996
January 15, 1997 Ames, Iowa Econ. Info. 1709 LIVESTOCK FEEDING ENTERPRISES PROFITABLE IN 1996 In spite of record high corn prices, 1996 will go into the books as a profitable year for livestock feeding
More informationThe entire report is available at:
The University of Minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin,
More informationAn Economic Comparison of Organic and Conventional Dairy Production, and Estimations on the Cost of Transitioning to Organic Production
An Economic Comparison of Organic and Conventional Dairy Production, and Estimations on the Cost of Transitioning to Organic Production Produced by: the Northeast Organic Farming Association of Vermont
More informationU.S. Dairy Products, Cash Receipts
Statement of Dr. Scott Brown Before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Agriculture Rural Economic Outlook: Setting the Stage for the Next Farm Bill February 15, 2017 Chairman Conaway, Ranking
More informationThe entire report is available at:
The University of Minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin,
More informationMILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 2000 on Selected WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS
MILK PRODUCTION COSTS in 2000 on Selected WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS By Gary Frank 1 July 27, 2001 Introduction In 2000, the U.S. Average Milk Price ($12.33) was less than the study farms' total economic cost
More informationAgriculture: issues of the past resurface
Agriculture: issues of the past resurface The past year marked a return to conditions in the agricultural sector that closely parallel those prior to 1973. Agricultural production rose to a record high,
More informationHOGS VS. ETHANOL: ETHANOL WINS!
HOGS VS. ETHANOL: ETHANOL WINS! OCTOBER 2006 Chris Hurt 2006 NO. 6 The pork industry s concerns about higher corn prices from the extraordinary growth in corn demand for ethanol appears to be moving from
More informationCommodity Market Outlook
Commodity Market Outlook Jim Hilker Professor and MSU Extension Economist Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics Michigan State University Market Outlook Reports for January 6, 2015 (Written
More informationRevised Estimated Returns Series Beginning in 2007
Revised Estimated Returns Series Beginning in 2007 The Economics Department at Iowa State University has prepared monthly Estimated Returns to Feeding Livestock in Iowa since the 1960s. Each month the
More informationMeasuring Farm Financial Performance
1 MF-2148 Financial Management Farm financial managers use financial performance measures to assess the profitability, liquidity, solvency, and financial efficiency of their businesses. These performance
More informationFocus. Analyzing the Impact of Drought Conditions on Texas High Plains Agriculture
FARM Assistance Focus Analyzing the Impact of Drought Conditions on Texas High Plains Agriculture DeDe Jones Gid Mayfield Steven L. Klose Farm Assistance Focus 2012-1 March 2012 Department of Agricultural
More informationUS ranchers face a big challenge in the years
Evaluating Strategies for Ranching in the 21st Century: Ranching in the Ethanol Era By James Mintert US ranchers face a big challenge in the years ahead. Feed grain prices have increased dramatically in
More informationBUSINESS SUMMARY DAIRY FARM NEW YORK SMALL HERD FARMS, 120 COWS OR FEWER, 2011 JULY 2012 E.B
DAIRY FARM BUSINESS SUMMARY JULY 2012 E.B. 2012-04 NEW YORK SMALL HERD FARMS, 120 COWS OR FEWER, 2011 Wayne A. Knoblauch Linda D. Putnam Jason Karszes Mariane Kiraly Cathryn Dymond Charles H. Dyson School
More informationFarm Credit Canada Annual Report
16 17 2016-17 Annual Report Annual Report 2016-17 19 Agriculture industry overview FCC advances the business of agriculture by lending money to all agriculture sectors, including primary producers, agribusinesses
More information& Policy Update. October 28, 2016 Volume 16, Issue 10. Edited by Will Snell & Phyllis Mattox. Dairy Market Continues to Struggle
Graphic owner: UKZN SAEES: school website & Policy Update October 28, 2016 Volume 16, Issue 10 Edited by Will Snell & Phyllis Mattox Dairy Market Continues to Struggle Like many agricultural sectors, 2016
More informationDetermining Your Unit Costs of Producing A Hundred Weight of Calf
Managing for Today s Cattle Market and Beyond Determining Your Unit Costs of Producing A Hundred Weight of Calf By Harlan Hughes North Dakota State University Unit Costs of Production Astute beef cow producers
More information