Location Efficacy Experiment for Root rot infected by Fusarium oxyporum f.sp spoinacian (sherbakoff) snydar et Hansen

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1 Location Efficacy Experiment for Root rot infected by Fusarium oxyporum f.sp spoinacian (sherbakoff) snydar et Hansen Root rot of spinach, combined with symptom of leaves chlorosis or seedling death, was found at Meizi village Chenggong County on October, It is characterized by Yunnan agricultural University and diagnosed as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp spoinacian (sherbakoff) snydar et Hansen. For lack of corresponding scientific control methods, recently, root rot at west celery and spinach became more and more seriously. In order to find an efficient method to control this pathogen, promote scientific certification for model expanding and limited damage strictly, two efficacy experiments (location experiments) for root rot infected by Fusarium oxyporum f.sp spoinacian (sherbakoff) snydar et Hansen were carried out by Plant Protect and Quarantine Station. 1 Materials and methods 1.1 Indicator bacterium (pesticide) and source Vitamin-42fl : produced by Yunnan Fenghe ecological development Co., Ltd. Cai Lao Da biofertilizer: produced by Beijing AMMS Co., Ltd. Shi Le shi chemical pesticide: Xianzhengda Co., Ltd. Kang Zheng Fan chemical pesticide: Daishanggaoshi Co., Ltd. Guang Ku Ling chemical pesticide: Guida technology Co., Ltd. 1.2 Methods The plots were randomly designed for 7 treatments with 3 repeats. The plot area was 13.3m 2. And treatments are as follows: Treatment 1: drench roots with twice. 333mL/ 667m 2 once. Treatment 2: drench roots with 2000.Twice. 266mL/ 667m 2 once. Treatment 3: drench roots with Twice. 200mL/ 667m 2 once. Treatment 4: drench roots with Cai lao da once, 20 kg/ 667m 2. Treatment 5: drench roots with Shi le shi 1500 plus Kang zheng fan Once. both are 333mL/ 667m 2. Treatment 6: drench roots with Guang ku ling 750. Once. 666mL/ 667m 2. Treatment 7: CK (drench roots with water). 1.3 Basic situation of test field Test field was arranged at Meizi Village Dounan Town Chenggong County. The altitude is 1892m, and annual temperature is Soil type is vegetable soil. Having planted cabbage, spinach and west celery for several years protected by plastic greenhouse. There are diverse crops one year, but it is difficult to rotation with serious continuous cropping obstacle. Soil-borne diseases, other diseases and pests damage badly year by year which lead to difficult to control. Translated by Jiying Fan Page 1

2 1.4 Test process Fusarium oxysporum f.sp spoinacian (sherbakoff) snydar et Hansen scattered during winter in 2008 to spring in 2009, and it became serious when it came into April. On April 15, 2009, a field with serious diseases was selected to do the test. According to test design, pouring roots with fertilizers (pesticides). On the second day after roots were poured, 100 plants were kept and others were discarded. Second pouring roots with fertilizers (pesticides) were done on April 22. Seven days later (on April 29), diseased plant investigation was done when spinach harvested. When preceding crop location experiment was over, on May 8, 2009, second location experiment was carried out in spinach at the same plot location (define of location experiment: experiments with same plot, same treatment, and same experiment design.). First drench roots was done at seedling period of spinach on May 24, and second drench roots was done on June 2. Diseased plants were investigated 7 days later and 15 days later, respectively. According to record of diseased plants, control efficiency was calculated by the fomula: CK diseased plants Pt diseased plants before pesticide was used before pesticide was used Efficacy(%)= CK diseased plants Pt diseased plants after pesticide was used after pesticide was used Variant significance test was done after efficacy percentage converted into arcsine (sin-1 x). 1.5 Weather condition Weather conditions when fertilizer (pesticide) was applied were listed at table 1. Table 1 weather condition when fertilizer (pesticide) was applied Time April 15 April 22 May 24 June 2 Weather Fine Fine Cloudy, drizzle Fine Temperature ( ) Wind breeze breeze windless windless 2 Results and analysis 2.1 Control efficiency (diseased plant quantities of treatments and control efficiency saw table 2 and 3) Preceding crop location experiment was carried out at the condition of more than 10% diseased plants ratio, 100 diseased plants per plot and spread speed very fast. 7 days after repeat fertilizers (pesticides) were used, control efficiency of Guang Ku Ling 800, Vitamin-42-fl and Cai Lao Da 20 kg/ Mu is 35.3% 33.1% 31.7%, respectively. Their ranking was No.1 to No.3, respectively. There were 3 treatments which control efficiencies were lower than 30%. They were Vitamin-42-fl. 2000, Shi Le Shi 1500 plus Kang Zheng Fan 1500, and Vitamin-42-fl And the control efficiency was 28.6% 27.6% 17.8%, ranking No.4 to No.6, Translated by Jiying Fan Page 2

3 respectively. Variant analysis result showed that control efficiencies difference of 6 treatments were not. Table 2 Percentage of root rot diseased plants infected by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp spoinacian (sherbakoff) snydar et Hansen(%) Treatment 15 days after repeat used in preceding crop used in aftercrop location used in aftercrop location location experiment experiment experiment (before harvest) x t x t x x x Cai Lao Da 20kg/Mu x t Shi Le Shi 1500x + Kang Zheng Fan 1500x Guang Ku Ling 800x CK (water) Aftercrop location experiment (the second experiment) was done at plant seedling period without any root rot diseases. 7 days after fertilizers (pesticides) were used, control efficiency of 1500, Guang Ku Ling 800, Germany Root 2000 was 72.9%, 69.8% and 69.6%, respectively. And there were 3 treatments, Shi Le Shi 1500 plus Kang Zheng Fan 800, Cai Lao Da 20 kg/ Mu and Vitanmin-42fl. 2500, which their control efficiencies were lower than 60 %, and control efficiency of these three treatments was 56.2%, 52.6% and 51.8%, respectively, which was remarkable highly than preceding crop location experiment. The new multiple range test result showed that, variant difference of 1500, Guang Ku Ling 800, 2000 was not, while that of Shi Le Shi 1500 plus Kang Zheng Fan 800, Cai Lao Da 20 kg/ Mu and Vitanmin-42fl showed a great significance. When second fertilizer (pesticide) had been used for 16 days, control efficiency of 1500, Guang Ku Ling 800, 2000 was 68.3%, 59.5% and 51.2% respectively, while that of Shi Le Shi 1500 plus Kang Zheng Fan 800, Cai Lao Da 20 kg/ Mu and Vitanmin-42fl was 56.7%, 52.4% and 51.2% respectively, that is to say, control efficiencies of these three treatments were all lower than 57% and variant difference was not. Aftercrop location experiment indicated that control efficiency was optimum Translated by Jiying Fan Page 3

4 Table 3 control efficiency of treatments Treatment 15 days after repeat used in used in used in preceding crop location experiment aftercrop location experiment aftercrop location experiment (before harvest) a a A a 1500x a a b AB a 2000x a c B a 2500x Cai Lao Da a c B a 20kg/Mu Shi Le a bc AB a Shi 1500x + Kang Zheng Fan 1500x Guang Ku a ab AB a Ling 800x after the fertilizers (pesticides) was applied within 7 day, then it would decrease. 2.2 Safeties There were none badness reactions, such as burn, malformation when each fertilizer (pesticide) was applied in spinach. 3 Conclusions Two location experiments for controlling root rot infected by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp spoinacian (sherbakoff) snydar et Hansen showed that Guang Ku Ling was most effective and had a long-term effect. Control efficiencies of Vitamin 1500 and 2000 were followed with Guang Ku Ling at preceding crop experiment while was higher than Guang Ku Ling but had a short- term effect compared with Guang Ku Translated by Jiying Fan Page 4

5 Ling at aftercrop experiment due to additive effects of two location experiments. For factory production, Guang Ku Ling was a very remarkable production with effective function in control root rot in time. But, continuous fertilizing benefited to diversity of soil rhizospheric microfloras, stimulation of colony population quantity and continuous soil-borne disease damage control. Furthermore, contributed to environment safety, low chemical pesticide use, and remarkable ecological benefit. Plant Protect and Quarantine Station July 30, 2009 Translated by Jiying Fan Page 5