DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PANICLE SEPARATOR PROJECT REFERENCE NO.: 38S1484

Transcription

1 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PANICLE SEPARATOR PROJECT REFERENCE NO.: 38S1484 COLLEGE : K.V.G. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA BRANCH : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING GUIDE : MR. SANDESH K J STUDENTS : MR. ANKITH Y. A MR. PRASADA B. S MR. BALACHANDRA T. SHASTRI MR. RAKESHA RAI K ABSTRACT Paddy is the most important and extensively grown food crop in the World. It is the staple food of more than 60 percent of the world population. Rice is mainly produced and consumed in the Asian region. India has the largest area under paddy in the world and ranks second in the production after China. Country has also emerged as a major rice consumer. Threshing and dust removal is an integral part of postharvest activities for cereal and legume crops. In many developing countries, threshing and dust separation is carried out manually by farmers that lead to low quality of paddy rice and grain loss. When the rice production increases, consequently the manual threshing and dust separation becomes arduous. In order to mechanize this process, a machine named as "Panicle separator", was designed with threshing, major dust removal and fine dust removal chambers and tested. The machine was modified after testing to enhance threshing and dust removal quality. Also, in place of welding the whole machine is joined by bolts, nuts and rivets for easy assembling and disassembling. Output capacity from the performance test on the machine was 150 kg/hr. The overall results are impressive and it will help improve drudgery and threshing and dust removal challenges with small scale farmers. INTRODUCTION

2 India is the second most populous country with more than billion head count. The daily growing population necessarily increase the demand for food. India s food security depends on producing cereal crops, as well as vegetables to meet the demand.rice is by far the most economically important food crop in many developing countries, providing two thirds of the calorie intake of more than 3 billion people in Asia. India is one of the world s largest producers of rice, Accounting for 20% of all world rice production. It is the one of the principle food crops and this country has the biggest area under rice cultivation. It is the staple food of the people of eastern and southern part of India. Although the rice is India s pre-eminent crop, the cultivation process faces lot of problems, due to which the production lags behind. The examples for problems are Decreasing in agricultural area Increasing labour cost Non availability of agricultural labour High costs of rice production Social and economic problems Decline in investments for increased rice production Water problems Land constraints such as marginal lands, change in soil characteristics, mining effects and fertility change etc Environmental problems Land ownership problems Traditional and old methods Lack of new technologies These above mentioned constraints limits the productivity and results in the lack of production. To ensure that agriculture growth responds to food security needs, raising agriculture productivity per unit of land is necessary The cost of production of rice increasing due to several factors. Small and effective machines are to be developed by which manual labour can be replaced effectively. Also the time required for processing reduces. Production cost can be controlled and reduced by use of machines.

3 OBJECTIVES To reduce the human effort required for the paddy separation process by using machine. To reduce the overall cost associated with the paddy separation process. To reduce the time consumption for the separation process. To encourage farmers to go for more paddy farming. METHODOOGY Paddy separation from the straw or "panicle" is done by some external vibrational force or by some impact force with the air of our machine "Panicle Splitter", the process of paddy separation is made very easy over the conventional method. After the harvesting of paddy crops they are to be stacked in a particular area near to the machine. The Machine's impacting drum is made to rotate at low speed. A bunch of paddy crops are held over the rotating drum, which will undergoes impact force and vibrational force which makes the paddy to split or separate from the panicle. Since the impacting force will not affects the paddy crop to cut down. Separated paddy is made to fall over a vibrating sieve. This vibrating sieve takes important part as it separates the major dust particles such as straws; grasses etc...from the sieve, paddy falls down to a paddy collecting tray which takes the major dust removed paddy to the fine dust removal blower chamber. Since this chamber is connected to an blower setup, air is passed continuously through the pipe. The fine dust particles associated with paddy are moves out of the chamber, from where the required paddies are collected from the machine outlet port at the lower surface. The Panicle Splitter machine constitutes the main functions as separation of paddy, major dust removal and the removal fine dust particles. All these functions are done at a time in a single machine. In order to obtain high efficiency, all the parts of the machine are to be worked in correct manner. The main parts of the machine are:

4 Rotating drum with V pins on surface Vibrating sieve for major waste separation Paddy collecting tray Fine dust particle removal chamber ½ HP Motor & blower setup Belt drives and pulley Supporting frames COMPLETED DESIGN:

5 RESULT AND DISCUSSION MACHINE TESTING AT SULLIA AND PUTTUR TALUK: To test the performance of the Panicle Splitter, the machine has taken to paddy forms at Sullia and Puttur taluk.panicle Splitting machine compared with conventional techniques and is found better.the capacity of the present machine is 400 to 500 kg of paddy per hour with the working of 3 persons. From the testing, it is shown that the replacement of 3-4 times dust separation as in conventional method. And following results are found: Paddy separation - 90% working output Major dust separation - 90% working output Minor dust separation - 90% working output ADVANTAGES: This is a new machine on paddy separation field, for the first time which was most attracted by the formers of Sullia and Puttur Taluk at present. Paddy separation from the panicle, major dust separation, and small amount of minor dust separation can be done at a time continuously, which replaces several steps of manual method. Easy to operate, 3 persons are required for the working process. Paddy separation for heavy stock of crops. Suitable for purchasing as it worth low cost. Can be worked without skilled labor. Since paddy separation from the panicle is difficult which faces labor problem at present. Replaces 3-4 times dust separation as in manual method. Compact in size with only 2 working mechanisms. Can be worked even in RAINY season and for this reason highly attracted by the formers. Since small amount of electricity consumption than other fuels.

6 DISADVANTAGES: Since only 2 persons can work at time which makes slow work progress. 100% effective output result cannot be obtained. Continuous electricity supply is needed. CONCLUSION Paddy obtained by the Panicle Splitter machine which replaces 3-4 times dust separation as in manual method. Since there are several machines on the paddy field for the separation process. All these machines costs more than 4 lakh, which cannot be purchased by the formers. For all these reasons this panicle splitter machine developed with low cost around 30000/-. This machine can perform operations of paddy separation, major dust separation, and the minor dust separation from the work. This machine has high capacity of working, which can obtain output of kg of paddy per day which is larger than manual method.