SMART POULTRY FARMING

Transcription

1 e-issn Volume 3 Issue 3, March 2017 pp Scientific Journal Impact Factor : SMART POULTRY FARMING Mr.P.Rajkumar,M.E. 1, A.Kathiresan 2, M.Moulishankkar 3, N.Prabhakaran 4, S.Vignesh 5 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, V.S.B Engineering College, Karur Abstract The climate in poultry houses influences the wellbeing and health of humans as well as the birds. Respiratory, digestive and behavioural disorders are more likely to occur in houses in which the climatic conditions are not up to standard. Animals that are not healthy cannot be expected to perform optimally. The younger the animals are or the higher their production level, the more sensitive they become to the climatic conditions in the house. Climate can be defined as the sum of environmental factors which influence the functioning of animal. Keywords Thermistor (Sensor), Stepper motor, Microprocessor I. INTRODUCTION The main objective of this project component is to contribute to sustainable poultry meat production, Where farmer income and animal health is increased and environmental burden is decreased. The poultry raising business, most egg-chicken farms in Taiwan incorporate significant levels of automation into their feeding, harvesting, environmental control and waste management activities. Some farms purchase expensive integration control and monitor systems from overseas, but usually do not have the technical skills and financial resources to adequately maintain and upgrade these systems. Meat-chicken farms have a medium level of automation, which requires more automation such as integration of their independent equipment and/or customized equipment such as automatic chicken growth weighted device for their management. However, country-chicken farms are less automated than other types of poultry farms. II. PROPOSED SYSTEM Without a need of manpower, maintain the farm in smart manner. To reduce the wastage of food for chick and to feed food and water in correct time with the help of motor mechanism. Birds cannot control body temperature, So maintenance of temperature in a important thing for chick welfare by sensing current temperature of farm based upon them, We adjust the temperature. The system software was developed in the Microsoft environment using C comprising several modules with functions including control operations, management decision-making, data storage, image handling, sensor manipulation, and network operation. The sensor network system of the farm associated with if-then-else rules and control mechanisms provides a convenient Internet platform for developing a remote smart All rights Reserved 17

2 Sensors The system of the FS, together with driver and application programs developed in] C and/or VB, can perform automatic and continuous multimedia data collection, environment and process monitoring and equipment control, via either the Internet or some other modern communication media. Benefits such as higher incomes, environmental protection and high quality products can be achieved as these autonomous farming systems can provide better animal, feed and nutrient utilisation opportunities (Hocquette and Chatellier, 2011). Precision livestock farming can transform livestock production through utilisation of nutrients, early health risk warning and reduction in pollutant emissions. According to Wathes (2007) and Berckmans (2008) the current focus of PLF is the monitoring of farm animals through development and validation of various techniques, with the aim of having a system which provides real-time information on the animals and their environment, which acts as a vital aid for farmers in management of their All rights Reserved 18

3 According to Banhazi et al. (2011), for the PLF system to be adopted the process of collecting, processing and analysing data must be simplified such that it presents producers with solutions, not problems. The system must incorporate the following: Thermistor -in automatic control systems for system adjustments. Thermistors, derived from the term thermally sensitive resistors, are a very accurate and cost effective method for measuring temperature. Thermistors are usually two-terminal semiconductor devices made from semi-conductor materials that have an electrical resistance that varies non-linearly with temperature. Some materials provide better stability while others have higher resistance ranges and are fabricated into smaller thermistors. Each specific thermistor has its own unique resistance versus temperature characteristic. Thermistor resistance is determined by the manufacturer by applying a constant current through the thermistor and then measuring the voltage drop that occurs across the thermistor. By applying Ohm s Law, R = V/I (resistance is equal to voltage divided by current), the resistance is determined. Then the Steinhart-Hart equation (see below) is used to calculate the temperature. Although this approach is very flexible, limitations arise at both low and high temperatures. Thermistor All rights Reserved 19

4 The display used is 16x2 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display); which means 16 appeals per line by 2 lines. The standard is referred as HD44780U, which refers to the controller chip which receives data from an external source (Here Atmega328) and transfers directly with the LCD. Here 8-bit mode of LCD is used, i.e., using 8-bit data bus. i.e., using 8-bit data bus. The LCD's used exclusively in watches, calculators and measuring instruments are the simple seven-segment displays, having a limited amount of numeric data. The recent advances in technology have resulted in better legibility, more information displaying capability and a wider temperature range. These have resulted in the LCD's being extensively used in telecommunications and entertainment electronics. III. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Note 1: Unless otherwise noted, these specifications apply: 55 C TJ +150 C for the LM35 and LM35A; 40 TJ +110 C for the LM35C and LM35CA; and 0 TJ +100 C for the LM35D. VS=+5Vdc and ILOAD=50 μa, in the circuit of Figure 2. These specifications also apply from +2 C to TMAX. Specifications in boldface apply over the full rated temperature range. Note 2: Thermal resistance of the TO-46 package is 400 C/W, junction to ambient, and 24 C/W junction to case. Thermal resistance of the TO-92 package is 180 C/W junction to ambient. Thermal resistance of the small outline molded package is 220 C/W junction to ambient. Thermal resistance of the TO-220 package is 90 C/W junction to ambient. For additional thermal resistance information see table in the Applications section. Note 3: Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output due to heating effects can be computed by multiplying the internal dissipation by the thermal resistance. Note 4: Tested Limits are guaranteed and 100% tested in production. Note 5: Design Limits are guaranteed (but not 100% production tested) over the indicated temperature and supply voltage ranges. These limits are not used to calculate outgoing quality levels. Note 6: Specifications in boldface apply over the full rated temperature range. Note 7: Accuracy is defined as the error between the output voltage and 10mv/ C times the device s case temperature, at specified conditions of voltage, current, and temperature (expressed in All rights Reserved 20

5 Note 8: Nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of the output-voltage-versus-temperature curve from the best-fit straight line, over the device s rated temperature range. Note 9: Quiescent current is defined in the circuit of Figure 1. Note 10: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device beyond its rated operating conditions. See Note 1. IV. IC PROGRAM //Program to make a digital thermometer with display in centigrade scale #include<reg51.h> #define port P3 #define adc_input P1 #define dataport P0 sbit rs = port^0; sbit rw = port^1; sbit e = port^2; sbit wr= port^3; sbit rd= port^4; sbit intr= All rights Reserved 21

6 int test_intermediate3=0, test_final=0,test_intermediate1[10],test_intermediate2[3]=0,0,0; void delay(unsigned int msec ) int i,j ; for(i=0;i<msec;i++) for(j=0; j<1275; j++); void lcd_cmd(unsigned char item) //Function to send command to LCD dataport = item; rs= 0; rw=0; e=1; e=0; return; void lcd_data(unsigned char item) //Function to send data to LCD dataport = item; rs= 1; rw=0; e=1; e=0; //delay(100); return; void lcd_data_string(unsigned char *str) // Function to send string to LCD int i=0; while(str[i]!='\0') lcd_data(str[i]); i++; delay(10); return; void shape() lcd_cmd(64); lcd_data(2); lcd_data(5); lcd_data(2); // Function to create the shape of All rights Reserved 22

7 void convert() // Function to convert the values of ADC into numeric value to be sent to LCD int s; test_final=test_intermediate3; lcd_cmd(0xc1); delay(2); lcd_data_string("temp:"); s=test_final/100; test_final=test_final%100; lcd_cmd(0xc8); if(s!=0) lcd_data(s+48); else lcd_cmd(0x06); s=test_final/10; test_final=test_final%10; lcd_data(s+48); lcd_data(test_final+48); lcd_data('c'); lcd_data(' '); delay(2); void main() int i,j; adc_input=0xff; lcd_cmd(0x38); lcd_cmd(0x0c); //Display On, Cursor Blinking delay(2); lcd_cmd(0x01); // Clear Screen delay(2); while(1) for(j=0;j<3;j++) for(i=0;i<10;i++) rd=1; All rights Reserved 23

8 wr=1; while(intr==1); rd=0; lcd_cmd(0x88); test_intermediate1[i]=adc_input/10; intr=1; for(i=0;i<10;i++) test_intermediate2[j]=test_intermediate1[i]+test_intermediate2[j]; test_intermediate2[0]=test_intermediate2[0]/3; test_intermediate2[1]=test_intermediate2[1]/3; test_intermediate2[2]=test_intermediate2[2]/3; test_intermediate3=test_intermediate2[0]+test_intermediate2[1]+test_intermediate2[2]; shape(); convert(); V. FUTURE SCOPE There have been various survey s that have been carried out in places like Saudi Arabia and Japan and it was inferred that most of the chickens were usually affected by the avian influenza virus. Poultry farms usually provide plenty of animal waste and by using that, goober gas can be developed and can be used for daily energy requirements. Hence, it s very important to maintain the proper environment for the chickens. The health of the chicken at an early age is something to be taken care of as there is chance of chicks competing with each other for survival. Air inflow to the poultry farm also is important so while constructing the farm itself proper care should be taken. Studies have shown that, the effective growth of the chickens depends on the amount of ammonia present in the surroundings. Hence this also provides a scope for future study. VI. CONCLUSION Monitoring environmental parameters in a real time industry are crucial. In this paper, various environmental parameters for effective growth of chickens have been identified and defined. It also explains the method to switch on either sprinkler or water motor based on threshold values of temperature and water level. As well as remote monitoring is done and with the help of this facility, the person in-charge can observe the situation and can react quickly if anything wrong happens. REFERENCES [1] Food and Water Level Control Mechanism for Smart Chicken Poultry Farming, (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 4, Issue 8, August [2] Smart Farm: Extending Automation To The Farm Level, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 3, ISSUE 7, JULY [3] The Life of: Broiler chickens, Farm Animal Welfare Compendium Updated [4] The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW). Scientific Opinion on the welfare of animals during transport. EFSA Journal (2011) 9(1): [5] The European food Safety Authority (EFSA). Scientific Opinion on the influence of genetic parameters on the welfare and the resistance to stress of commercial broilers. EFSA Journal (2010b) 8(7): [6] (Facts and Figures). Accessed 7 March [7] EFSA Journal (2010b), op. cit. [8] Fukatsu T., M. Hirafuji, T. Kiura, A. Imada and S. Ninomiya Long-term monitoring system using field monitoring servers. Proc. All rights Reserved 24