All India Coordinated Research Project on Weed Management

Transcription

1 All India Coordinated Research Project on Weed Management APPROVED TECHNICAL PROGRAMME ( & ) AICRP-WM Coordinating Centres ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur (M.P.)

2 WP 1 Development of sustainable weed management practices in diversified cropping systems WP 1.1 Weed management in conservation agriculture systems To monitor weed dynamics, crop productivity and herbicide residues under long-term tillage and residue management practices To evaluate the effect on crop productivity and resource-use efficiency To study C-sequestration and changes in physico-chemical and biological properties of soil Treatment: Given below centre-wise i. Weed emergence - population (species-wise) and dry matter accumulation (category-wise sedge, grasses, BLW, total) at 30, 60 DAS/T and harvest and base year observations. ii. Crop growth parameters (plant height, dry matter production and no. of effective tillers,) at 30, 60 DAS/T, and at harvest and yield (grain and straw) at harvest iii. iv. Continuous monitoring of shift in weed species as compared to base year Weed seed bank studies (The germination of the weed seeds in soil samples collected after harvesting of the previous crop will be recorded in petri-pots in both Rabi and Kharif seasons). v. Energetics and economics of tillage and weed management practices vi. C-sequestration, physico-chemical and biological properties of soil initial and after end of each cycle vii. Monitoring of herbicide residues viii. Effect on soil micro-flora (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) due to tillage and weed management practices ix. Instead of estimating microbial populations only estimation of beneficial microorganisms such as: Total free nitrogen fixers Total P- solubilizing microorganisms Per cent root colonization by AM fungi at 50 DAS Soil microbial activity Microbial biomass carbon Soil respiration/urease, dehydrogenase and phosphatase activity x. Observation on nodule number and nodule dry weight to be recorded at 50 DAS in legume crop WP Rice-based cropping systems Bengaluru WP Weed management in rice-greengram-rice cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2014 at VC farm, Mandya) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Treatment Kharif (rice) *Rabi (Greengram) *Summer (rice) 1 CT (Transplanted) CT - 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT 3 CT (Direct -seeded) CT ZT 4 ZT (Direct -seeded) ZT ZT 5 ZT(Direct -seeded) + R ZT + R ZT 1

3 B. Weed management (sub plot) 1. Recommended herbicides (pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 20 WP 25 g/ha 3 DAP/S for rice, pendimethalin 750 g/ha for greengram 3 DAS). 2. Integrated weed management (pyrazosulfuron ethyl 25 g/ha 3 DAP/S for rice, pendimethalin 750 g/ha for greengram 3 DAS fb mechanical weeding- passing cono weeder 45 DAS/P in paddy and cycle weeder - 30 DAS in green gram) 3. Unweeded Design: Strip plot Replications: 3 Plot size: 9 x 5.8 m = 52.2 m 2 Bhubaneswar WP Weed management in rice-maize-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of Commencement: Kharif- 2013) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Tillage (main plot): Kharif (rice) Rabi (maize) Summer(greengram) T 1 CT(Transplanted) CT - T 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT T 3 CT (Direct-seeded) CT ZT T 4 ZT (Direct-seeded) ZT ZT T 5 ZT (Direct-seeded) +R ZT+R ZT B. Weed control (subplot) H 1 Rice: Butachlor 1.5 kg/ha; Maize: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ ha H 2 IWM (Rice: Mechanical weeding with herbicide butachlor 1.5 kg/ha; Maize: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ ha with one manual weeding) H 3 One hand weeding/hoeing Design : Strip plot Replication : Two Plot size : 10 5 m 2 Dapoli WP Weed management in rice-mustard-cowpea cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif ) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Kharif ( Rice) *Rabi (Mustard) *Summer (cowpea) 1 : T 1 :: CT (Transplanted) CT - 2 : T 2 :: CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT 3 : T 3 :: CT (Direct -seeded) CT ZT 4 : T 4 :: ZT (Direct -seeded) ZT ZT 5 : T 5 :: ZT (Direct -seeded) ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (sub plot) 2

4 1 : W 1 : Oxadiargyl 0.1kg/ha (PE) W 1 : Oxadiazon 2.0 kg/ha PE) 2 : W 2 : Oxadiargyl 0.1kg/ha PE) W 2 : Oxadiazon 2.0 kg/ha + HW at 40 DAS/DAT PE)+ 1hoeing at 20 DAS & 1 HW at DAS 3 : W 3 : One hand weeding/hoeing W 3 : One hand weeding/hoeing Plot size : Gross : 8.10 x 4.20 m = m 2 W 1 :Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha PE) W 2 : Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha PE) 1hoeing at 20 DAS & HW at 30 DAS W 3 : One hand weeding/hoeing Replications Design : Three : Strip plot Faizabad WP Weed management in rice-wheat-sesbaina cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif ) A: Tillage and residue management (main plot) Treatment Kharif (Rice) Rabi (Wheat) Summer Sesbania (GM) 1 CT (Transplanted) CT - 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT 3 CT (Direct-seeded) CT ZT 4 ZT (Direct-seeded) ZT +R ZT 5 ZT (Direct-seeded) + R ZT +R ZT B.: Weed management (sub plot) T 1 Bispyribac-Na 25 g/ha at 30 DAS/T Clodinafop + metsulfuron (RM) Pendimethalin 1000 at 60+4 g/ha at 30 DAS g/ha PE T 2 Bispyribac -Na 25 g/ha at 30 DAS/T + fb hoeing at 45 DAS/T Clodinafop + metsulfuron (RM) (60+4 g/ha) at 30 DAS fb 1 HW Pendimethalin 1000 g/ha PE + T 3 Weedy check Weedy check Weedy check Design: Strip plot, Replication: 3, Plot size: 9m 8m Hisar WP Weed management in rice-wheat-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2015) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Treatment Kharif (Rice) Rabi (Wheat) Summer (Greengram) 1 CT (Transplanted) CT - 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT 3 CT (Direct -seeded) CT ZT 4 ZT (Direct -seeded) ZT+R ZT 5 ZT (Direct -seeded) + R ZT + R ZT 3

5 B. Weed management (sub plot) 1. Recommended herbicides (DSR: pendimethalin 1000 g/ha and bispyribac 25g/ha CTPR: pretilachlor 1000 g/ha, butachlor 1500 g/ha or anilofos 400 g/ha; wheat: clodinafop 60 g/ha, pinoxaden 50 g/ha, sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha, meso+iodosulfuron 14.4 g/ha) 2. Integrated weed management (recommended herbicide + mechanical weeding) 3. Unweeded Design: Split/Strip plot Replications: 3 Plot size: 20 x 10 m = 200 m 2 Hyderabad WP Weed management in rice-maize-green manure cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2014 ) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Kharif (Rice) Rabi (Maize) Summer (Greengram) T 1 CT (Transplanted) CT - T 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT T 3 CT (Direct -seeded) CT ZT T 4 ZT (Direct -seeded) ZT + R ZT T 5 ZT(Direct -seeded) + R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (sub plot) W 1 Pendimethalin PE 1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha as PoE at DAS (2-3 weed leaf stage) fb 2,4-D sodium -salt 1000 g/ha at 60 DAS (Aerobic rice) Bensulfuron (0.6%) + pretilachlor (6%) 6.6% GR 10 kg/ha as PE at 3-5 DAT fb bispyribac -sodium 25 g/ha as PoE at DAS ( 2-3 weed leaf stage) (Transplanted rice) Atrazine 1000 g/ha + paraquat 600 g/ha PE fb 2-4D 1000 g/ha at DAS as PoE - W 2 Bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha as early PoE at 15 DAT ( 2-3 weed leaf stage) fb HW at 40 DAT and 60 DAS (Aerobic and transplanted rice) Atrazine 1000 g/ha + paraquat 600 g/ha PE fb HW at 40 DAS (IWM) - W 3 One hand weeding One hand weeding One hand weeding Design: Split-plot; Replications: 3; Main plot size: 4.2 m x 36 m; Sub plot size: 4.2m x 12m 4

6 Jammu WP Weed management in rice-wheat-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2016 ) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Kharif (Rice) Rabi (Wheat) Summer (Greengram) 1 CT (Transplanted) CT - 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT 3 CT (Direct -seeded) CT ZT 4 ZT (Direct -seeded) ZT+R ZT 5 ZT (Direct -seeded) + R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (sub plot) Treatment Kharif (Rice) Rabi (Wheat) Summer (Greengram) 1 Recommended 1 HW at 20 herbicides DAS 2 Integrated weed management (herbicide + hand weeding) DSR: Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha as PE fb bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha CT -Transplanted: Bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha DSR: Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha as PE fb bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha at 25 DAS fb HW at 45 DAS CT Transplanted: bispyribacsodium 25 g/ha + 1 HW Sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (30+2 g/ha) at 30 DAS Sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (30+2 g/ha) at 30 DAS fb HW at 45 DAS 3 Unweeded HW at 20 DAS Design: Split plot Replications: 3 (Randomization will be compromised) Collaboration: Division of Agricultural engineering, SKUAST-J. Jorhat WP Weed management in rice-mustard-green manure cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2016 ) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Treatment Kharif (rice) Rabi (mustard) Summer (green manure) 1 CT (Transplanted) CT CT 2 CT (Transplanted) MT MT 3 CT (Direct -seeded) CT MT 4 MT (Direct -seeded) MT+R MT 5 MT(Direct -seeded) + R MT + R MT 5

7 B. Weed management (sub plot) Recommended herbicides (Pretilachlor kg/ha pre-em in rice, pendimethalin kg/ha pre-em in rapeseed, pendimethalin kg/ha pre-em in dhaincha) Integrated weed management (Pretilachlor kg/ha pre-em in rice, pendimethalin kg/ha pre-em in rapeseed, pendimethalin kg/ha pre-em in dhaincha + mechanical weeding + intercrop) One hand weeding/hoeing Design: Split/Strip plot Replications: 3 Plot size: 20 x 10 m = 200 m 2 Ludhiana WP Weed management in rice-wheat-green manure cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of Commencement: Rabi 2014 ) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Treatment Kharif (Rice) *Rabi (Wheat) *Summer (Green manure) 1 CT (Transplanted) CT - 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT 3 CT (Direct -seeded) CT ZT 4 ZT (Direct -seeded) ZT+R ZT 5 ZT(Direct -seeded) + R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (sub plot) 1. Recommended herbicides (Rice: pendimethalin at 750 g/ha was applied as pre-em fb bispyribacsodium at 25 g/ha at 25 DAS/T; wheat: metribuzin + fenoxaprop was applied at 275 g/ha 30 DAS) 2. Integrated weed management (Recommended herbicide + hand weeding) 3. One hand weeding Design: Strip plot Replications: 3 Plot size: 20 x 10 m = 200 m 2 Pantnagar WP Weed management in rice-wheat-sesbania cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif- 2012) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Treatment Kharif (Rice) Rabi (Wheat) *Summer (Sesbania) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) 1 Transplanted (CT) CT - 2 Transplanted (CT) ZT ZT 3 Direct seeded (CT) CT ZT 4 Direct seeded (ZT) ZT ZT 5 Direct seeded (ZT)+ R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (sub plot) 1. Recommended herbicides (Rice: bispyribac-na 20 g ; wheat: clodinafop-propargyl (60 g/ha)+ metsulfuron methyl (4 g/ha)(ready-mix product 400 g/ha) 6

8 2. Integrated weed management (herbicide + manual weeding) 3. One hand weeding/hoeing Design: Strip plot Replications: 3 Plot size: 20 x 10 m = 200 m 2 Pusa WP Weed management in rice-wheat-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2012 ) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Kharif (Rice) Rabi (Wheat) Summer (Greengram) T 1 CT (Transplanted) CT - T 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT T 3 CT (Direct-seeded) CT ZT T 4 ZT (Direct-seeded) ZT ZT T 5 ZT (Direct-seeded) + R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (sub plot) W 1 W 2 W 3 Recommended herbicides (pretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha in rice; sulfosulfuron+metsulfuron 16+4 g/ha in wheat; pendimethalin 1 kg/ha in greengram) Integrated weed management (pretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha + hand weeding at 20 DAS in rice; sulfosulfuron+metsulfuron 16+4 g/ha and hand weeding at 40 DAS in wheat; pendimethalin 1 kg/ha in greengram + hand weeding at 20 DAS ) One hand weeding/hoeing Plot size 20 m x 10 m, Design- Strip plot, Replications- 3 Raichur WP Weed management in dry direct-seeded rice-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2016) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Kharif (rice) Rabi /summer (Black gram) Tillage and residue 1 Transplanted rice CT 2 CT (Dry-Direct -seeded) ZT 3 ZT (Dry-Direct -seeded) ZT + Rice residue 4 ZT (Dry-Direct -seeded) + blackgram residue ZT 5 ZT (Dry-Direct -seeded) + blackgram residue ZT + Rice residue Weed management 1 Pretilachlor* fb bispyribac Pendimethalin fb imazethapyr 2 Pretilachlor * fb hand weeding Pendimetahlin fb hand weeding 3 One hand weeding One hand wedding 7

9 Experimental details: Design: Split plot, Replications: Three, Plot size: 20 x 10 m = 200 m 2 Note - CT Conventional tillage (2-3 tillage followed by planking) ZT No tillage, opening a small furrow for placing seed and fertilizer leaving inter-row areas undisturbed R Crop residues all residues produced to be retained in situ on soil surface Must apply glyphosate before sowing under zero-till conditions. Raipur WP Weed management in rice-wheat-cowpea fodder cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2014 ) A. Tillage and residue management ( Main plot) Treatment Kharif ( Rice) Rabi ( Wheat) Summer (Cowpea fodder) 1 CT ( Transplanted) CT CT 2 CT (Transplanted) ZT ZT 3 CT (Direct Seeded) CT ZT 4 ZT (Direct Seeded) ZT + R ZT 5 ZT (Direct Seeded)+ R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management ( Sub-plot) 1. Recommended herbicide ( Rice: pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha fb penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha POE; wheat: clodinafop-propargyl (60 g/ha)+ metsulfuron methyl (4 g/ha)(ready-mix product 400 g/ha) 2. Integrated weed management (oxadiargyl 80 g PRE fb hand weeding at 25 DAT/S) 3. One hand weeding Design: Split plot Replication: 03 Plot size: 12 x 12 m = 144 m 2 Thrissur WP Weed management in rice-greengram/sesamum-green manure cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2014) A. Tillage and residue management Treatment Kharif (Rice) Rabi (greengram/sesamum) 1 CT (Direct seeded) CT - 2 CT (Direct seeded) ZT ZT 3 CT (Direct seeded) CT ZT 4 ZT (Direct seeded) ZT + R ZT 5 ZT (Direct seeded) + R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (sub plot) 8 Summer (Green manure) 1. Recommended herbicides (cyhalofop-butyl 100 g/ha in rice fb almix 4 g/ha in rice; pendimethalin 1kg/ha pre-emergence in greengram/sesamum; pendimethalin 1 kg/ha pre em in green manuring; 2. Integrated weed management (cyhalofop-butyl 100 g/ha in rice fb almix 4 g/ha in rice + one hand weeding at 45 DAS; pendimethalin 1 kg/ha pre-em.+ one hand weeding at DAS in

10 greengram/sesamum; pendimethalin 1 kg/ha pre-em.+ one hand weeding at DAS in green manuring) 3. Unweeded Design : Split plot Replications : 2 Plot size : 15m x 6m =90 m 2 WP : Maize-based cropping system Coimbatore WP : Weed management in maize-sunflower-dhaincha cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif ) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Kharif (Maize) Rabi (Sunflower) Summer (dhaincha) T 1 Conventional tillage Conventional tillage Zero tillage T 2 Conventional tillage Zero tillage Zero tillage T 3 Zero tillage + Residue Zero tillage Zero tillage T 4 Zero tillage Zero tillage + Residue Zero tillage T 5 Zero tillage + Residue Zero tillage + Residue Zero tillage B. Weed management (sub plot) W 1 Atrazine 0.5 kg/ha fb tembotrione 100 g/ha) Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha) Hand weeding DAS W 2 Atrazine 0.5 kg /ha + HW on 45 DAS Pendimethalin 1.0 kg /ha + HW on 45 DAS Hand weeding DAS W 3 One hand weeding on 45 DAS One hand weeding on 45 DAS Hand weeding DAS Design : Strip plot Replication : Three Palampur WP Weed management in maize-wheat-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif ) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Treatment Kharif (Maize) Rabi (Wheat) Summer (Greengram) 1 CT CT - 2 CT ZT ZT 3 ZT ZT ZT 4 ZT ZT+ R ZT 5 ZT + R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (sub plot) 1.Recommended herbicides (atrazine 1.5 kg/ha in maize; isoproturon 1.25 kg/ha in wheat) 2.Integrated weed management (atrazine/alachlor 1.5 kg/ha + hand weeding DAS in maize ; pendimethalin 1 kg/ha in wheat + hand weeding DAS) 3.One hand weeding 9

11 Design: Strip plot Replications: 3 Plot size: 5.5m x3.0 m Ranchi WP Weed management in maize-wheat cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of Commencement: Kharif ) A. Tillage and residue management (Main plot) Weed management Treatment Kharif (maize) Rabi (wheat) 1 CT CT 2 CT ZT 3 ZT ZT 4 ZT ZT+ R 5 ZT + R ZT + R 1. Recommended herbicides ( Maize: atrazine 0.75 kg/ha; wheat: 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha) 2. Integrated weed management (Maize: pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + hand weeding+ blackgram intercrop; wheat: 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha + one hand weeding) 3. One hand weeding Design: Strip plot Replications: 3 Plot size: 20 x 10 m = 200 m 2 Udaipur WP Weed management in maize-wheat-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of Commencement: Kharif- 2015) A. Tillage and residue management (main plot) Kharif (Maize) Rabi (Wheat) *Summer (Greengram) 1 CT CT - 2 CT ZT ZT 3 ZT ZT ZT 4 ZT ZT + R ZT 5 ZT + R ZT + R ZT B. Weed management (Sub-plot) Maize 1. Atrazine 0.50 kg/ha PE fb tembotrione kg/ha PoE 2. Atrazine 0.50 kg/ha + hand weeding at DAS 3. Weedy check Wheat 1. Sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (Total) - 32 g/ha at 30 DAS 2. Sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (Total) - 32 g/ha at 30 DAS + hand weeding at 50-55DAS 3. Weedy check Greengram 1. Imazethapyr + imazamox (Pre mix) 80 g/ha PoE 2. Pendimethalin 1000 g/ha as PE + 1 HW at DAS 3. Weedy check 10

12 Design: Strip plot Replications: 3 Plot size: 20 x 10 m = 200 m 2 WP Pearlmillet-based cropping system Gwalior WP Weed management in pearl millet-mustard-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2014 ) A: Tillage and residue management (main plot) Kharif (Pearlmillet) Rabi (Mustard) Summer (Greengram) C1 CT CT - C2 CT ZT ZT C3 ZT ZT ZT C4 ZT ZT + R ZT C5 ZT + R ZT + R ZT B.: Weed management (sub plot) W1 Atrazine 0.5 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha W2 Atrazine 0.5 kg/ha + HW at 30 DAS (IWM) W3 One hand weeding/hoeing Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha as PE Oxyflourfen kg/ha as PE + 1 HW at DAS (IWM) One hand weeding/hoeing Design : Strip plot Replications : 3 Plot size : 20 x 10 m = 200 m 2 Imazethapyr + imazamox (Pre mix) 80 g/ha PoE Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr 1.0 g/ha as PE + 1 HW at DAS One hand weeding/hoeing WP Soybean-based cropping system Akola WP Weed management in soybean-chickpea cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2016) A. Tillage and crop residue management (Main plot) Kharif (Soybean) Rabi (Chickpea) T1 CTZ 2 Harrowings by tyne cultivator + 1 harrowing by Blade harrow + Planking Zero till T2 CTZR 2 Harrowings by tyne cultivator + 1 harrowing by blade harrow + planking + residue Zero till + residue T3 MTZ 1 Rototill Zero till T4 MTZR 1 Rototill + residue Zero till + residue T5 ZTZ Zero till Zero till T6 ZTZR Zero till + residue Zero till + residue B. Weed management (Sub plot) Kharif (Soybean) Rabi (Chickpea) H1 RH Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE or Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE diclosulam 30 g/ha PE imazethapyr + Quizalofop-ethyl 75 g/ha POE 11

13 H2 HHW Imazomox 100 g/ha POE OR imazethapyr g/ha POE Integrated weed management (Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE or diclosulam 30 g/ha PE imazethapyr + Imazomox 100 g/ha POE or imazethapyr g/ha POE + fb 1 hoeing + 1 HW 20DAS) Integrated weed management (Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE + 1 Hoeing + 1 HW 20DAS) H3 UW One hand weeding/hoeing One hand weeding/hoeing Design : Strip Plot design : 18 No. of Replications : 03 WP Cotton-based cropping system Anand WP Weed management in cotton-greengram cropping system under conservation agriculture (Year of commencement: Kharif 2016) Treatment A. Tillage and crop residue management (Main plot) 1 st Crop 2 nd Crop Kharif (Cotton) Rabi (Cotton) Summer (Greengram) T 1 CT CT T 2 CT ZT T 3 ZT ZT T 4 ZT ZT + R T 5 ZT + R ZT + R B. Weed management (Sub plot) W 1 IWM (Pendimethalin 0.90 IWM (Pendimethalin 0.50 kg/ha PE fb IC+HW at 30 & 60 DAS) - kg/ha PE fb IC+HW at 30 DAS) W 2 IWM (Quizalofop -ethyl 0.05 kg/ha PoE fb IC+HW at 30 DAS) Interculture fb hand weeding W 3 Plot size : Replications : Three Design : Strip plot Per strip 11 m x 22 m = 242 m 2 Gross: 10.8 m x 7.2 m : Net: 10.8 m x 5.4 m - - IWM (Imazethapyr 75 g/ha fb IC+HW at 30 DAS) Interculture fb hand weeding 12

14 WP 1.2 Weed management in organic farming systems Anand WP Weed management under organic farming system in fennel and its residual effect on succeeding summer greengram To monitor weed dynamics and crop productivity by weed management practices under organic fennel-greengram system To study the effect of organic sources and weed management practices on quality of produce To study changes in physico-chemical and biological properties of soil A. Organic manure (Main plot) 1. Farm yard manure 20 t/ha 2. Vermicompost 8.0 t/ha B. Weed management practices 1. Paddy straw mulch 5 t/ha fb HW at 30, 60 DAS 2. Paddy straw mulch 10 t/ha fb HW at 30, 60 DAS 3. IC + HW at 30 and 60 DAP fb earthing-up at 75 DAP 4. Pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha pre-transplant fb IC + HW at 40 DAS 5. Weedy check Experimental 1. Season : Kharif & Rabi Summer 2. Crop : Fennel Greengram 3. Variety : GF-2/GF-12 GAM-5 4. Seed rate : 1.5 kg/ha 20 kg/ha 5. Spacing : 90 cm x 60 cm 45 cm 6. Method of sowing : Transplanting Drilling 7. Fertilizer : As per treatments As per treatments 8. Design : Split plot Split plot 9. Replication : Three Three 10. Plot Size Gross : 3.6 m x 4.8 m 3.6 m x 4.8 m Net : 3.6 m x 3.6 m 2.7 m x 4.0 m Fennel i. Weed emergence - population and dry matter accumulation (category-wise sedge, grasses, BLW, total) at 45 & 90 DAP and harvest ii. Crop growth parameters at 45 & 90 DAP and at harvest iii. Seed yield of fennel (kg/ha) Greengram i. Weed emergence - population (species-wise) and dry matter accumulation (category-wise sedge, grasses, BLW, total) at 30, 60, 90 DAS and harvest ii. Crop growth parameters and yield attributes at 30, 60, DAS and at harvest iii. Nodule dry weight at DAS iv. Seed and haulm yield (kg/ha) 13

15 Bhubaneswar WP Weed management in rice-tomato-okra system under organic farming T 6 Recommended herbicide Recommended herbicide Recommended herbicide Design : RBD; Replication: 4 i. Weed dynamics ii. Crop growth and productivity iii. Weed shifts iv. Weed seed bank studies v. Soil physio chemical and microbiological studies vi. Economics and system analysis Coimbatore To study the effect of weed control measures on weeds, crop growth, yield and economics in organic rice-tomato-lady s finger Kharif (Rice) Rabi (Tomato) Summer (Okra) T 1 50% RDF+ 50 % as FYM 50% RDF+ 50 % as FYM 50% RDF+ 50 % as FYM T 2 50% FYM+ 50 % 50% FYM+ 50% (oil 50% FYM+ 50% (oil cake) Dhaincha cake) T 3 T3+Azospirillum+PSB T3+Azotobacter+PSB T3+Azotobacter+PSB T 4 T2+manual weed control+ bio pesticides Toria T2+manual weed control+ bio pesticides T 5 T2+residue recycling T2+residue recycling WP (i) Non-chemical weed management in organically grown okra + leaf coriander - maize + cowpea cropping system To monitor weed dynamics, crop productivity in okra due to non-chemical weed management 1. Hand weeding twice on 20 and 45 DAS 2. Power weeder weeding on 20 DAS followed by hand weeding on 45 DAS 3. Twin wheel hoe weeder weeding on 20 DAS followed by hand weeding on 45 DAS 4. Hand weeding on 20 DAS + crop residue mulching 5 t/ha 5. Power weeder weeding on 20 DAS + crop residue mulching 5 t/ha 6. Twin wheel hoe weeder weeding on 20 DAS + crop residue mulching 5 t/ha 7. Crop residue mulching 5 t/ha 8. Recommended herbicides 9. Unweeded control Crops : Organically grown okra, leaf coriander, maize and cowpea Design : Randomized Block Design Replication : Three T2+manual weed control+ bio pesticides T2+residue recycling 14

16 i. Weed flora at 20 and 45 DAS ii. Weed density and dry weight at 20 and 45 DAS iii. Crop growth parameters on 20, 45 and 60 DAS iv. Yield and yield components of the crops v. Soil physico chemical and biological properties WP 1.2.3(ii) Non-chemical weed management in organically grown green manure - beetroot maize cropping system To monitor weed dynamics, crop productivity in beetroot due to non chemical weed management 1. Hand weeding twice on 20 and 45 DAS 2. Power weeder weeding on 20 DAS followed by hand weeding on 45 DAS 3. Twin wheel hoe weeder weeding on 20 DAS followed by Hand weeding on 45 DAS 4. Hand weeding on 20 DAS + crop residue mulching 5 t/ha 5. Power weeder weeding on 20 DAS + crop residue mulching5 t/ha 6. Twin wheel hoe weeder weeding on 20 DAS + crop residue mulching 5 t/ha 7. Crop residue 5 t/ha 8. Recommended herbicides 9. Unweeded control Crops : Sunhemp/dhaincha, beetroot and maize Design : Randomized Block Design Replication : Three 1. Weed flora at 20 and 45 DAS 2. Weed density and dry weight at 20 and 45 DAS 3. Crop growth parameters on 20, 45 and 60 DAS 4. Yield and yield components of the crops 5. Soil physico chemical and biological properties 15

17 Dapoli WP Management of complex weed flora in organically cultivated rice - groundnut cropping system. Objective To study the effect of organic weed control measures on weed dynamics, weed growth and productivity of rice - groundnut cropping system. A) Main plot treatments : Green manuring M 1 : Green manuring (Sesbania rostrata) M 2 : Without Green manuring B) Sub plot treatments : Weed control measures Rice (Kharif) : Groundnut (Rabi) T 1 : : Mulching with G. maculate (5 t/ha) 20 DAT : Mulching with black polythene (7 micron) T 2 : : Mulching with G. maculate (5 : Mulching with silver polythene t/ha) 20 DAT fb 1 HW 40 DAT T 3 : : Mulching with G. maculate (5 t/ha) 20 DAT fb 1 hoeing with conoweeder 40 DAT T 4 : T 5 : Weed free check (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAS) Oxadiargyl 0.1 kg/ha PE fb 2-4 D 1.0 kg/ha POE T 6 : Weedy check : Weedy check Plot size : Gross: 5 m X 5 M (7 micron) : Mulching with paddy straw (5 t/ha) 20 DAS fb 1 HW 40 DAS : Weed free check (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAS) Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha PE fb imazethapyr kg/ha POE Replications : Three Design : Strip Plot Season and crop : Kharif rice Rabi- groundnut Variety : R- 24 Konkan Tapora Spacing : 20 x 15 cm 30 x 10 cm for flat bed and 20 x 20 cm for raised Manures : RDN (100 kg/ha N) through RDN(25 kg/ha N) through vermicompost vermicompost Observation i. Weed density and weed growth at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest ii. Yield attributes and yield of rice and groundnut iii. Physico- chemical properties of soil before and after experimentation 16

18 Faizabad WP Weed management in turmeric based organic farming system To develop the organic nutrient management package for turmeric-greengram cropping system Effect of mulch on weed dynamics and crop productivity of turmeric-greengram cropping system To monitor the weed dynamics, crop productivity and herbicide residues under long-term cropping system. To study the changes in physico-chemical and biological properties of soil A. Weed management practices W 1 - Recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) W 2 Rice straw mulch 5.0 t/ha W 3 - Rice straw mulch 10t/ha. W 4 - Manual weeding at 30, 60, 90 and 120 DAP in turmeric and at 20 & 40 DAS in green gram W 5 - Weedy check B. Organic sources Kharif & Rabi (Turmeric) Summer (Green gram) M 1 FYM 20 t/ha M 2 50% of the total N by press mud + 50% by poultry Only Rhizobium inoculation will be done manure or vermin-compost No. of treatment combinations 5 2= 10 Design RBD, Rep. 3 Plot, Size: 6.0 mx4.0m Note: FYM: 0.5, 0.25, 0.5(%) NPK, Vermi-compost: 2.5, 1.5, 1.5(%) NPK, Press mud; 1.07, 2.62, 1.75(%) NPK, Poultry manure; 3.03, 2.63, 1.4 (%) NPK, and Press mud; 1.25, 2.0, 1.5 (%) NPK. Recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) 120kg N, 80kg P 2 O 5 & 80 kg K 2 O/ha i. Weed population (no/m 2 ) and dry matter (g/m 2 ) at 60 DAS ii. Weed control efficiency (% at 60 DAS) iii. Crop growth parameters iv. Yield attributes and yield v. Physico-chemical and biological properties of the soil vi. Economics Note: There is an active collaboration of weed management Project with AICRP- Farming System and AICRP- Spices at university level. 17

19 Gwalior WP Weed management in chili - potato cropping system under organic farming To work out the best weed management practice in chili - potato cropping system under organic farming 1. White plastic mulch 2. Black plastic mulch 3. Straw mulching at 5 DAS (5 t/ha) 4. 1 HW at 20 DAS + Straw mulching at 25 DAS (5 t/ha) 5. Two hand hoeing at 20 & 40 DAT 6. Two hand weeding at 20 & 40 DAT 7. HW at 20 DAS + hoeing at 40 DAS 8. Recommended herbicide 9. Recommended herbicide + 1 HW at 40 DAS 10. Weedy Check Design: RBD; Replications : 3 : Weed population and dry weight at 30, 60 days after planting; crop growth and yield parameters and yield at harvest Hisar WP Non-chemical weed management in turmeric and it residual carry over effect on succeeding green gram To monitor weed dynamics and crop productivity by weed management practices under organic farming. To study the non-chemical methods of weed control turmeric. To study their effect on growth and yield of turmeric To study residual carry over effect of weed control treatments on succeeding green gram crop Sr. No. Turmeric Green gram Treatment Quantity (t/ha) Application time Only seed 1 Straw mulch 6 JAS* inoculation with 2 Straw mulch 8 JAS Rhizobium culture 3 Straw mulch 10 JAS 4 Straw mulch 12 JAS 5 Straw mulch fb 1 hand 6 JAS fb 50 DAS weeding 6 Straw mulch fb 1 hand 8 JAS fb 50 DAS weeding 7 Straw mulch fb 1 hand 10 JAS fb 50 DAS weeding 8 Straw mulch fb 1 hand 12 JAS fb 50 DAS 18

20 weeding 9 Hoeing (2) 25 & 50 DAS 10 Hoeing (3) 25, 50 &, 75 DAS 11 Pendimethalin fb mulching 1000/10 JAS 12. Weed free - 13 Weedy check *JAS: Just after sowing Design: RBD Replications: 3 A. (Turmeric) i. Weed population (no./m 2 ) and dry matter (g/m 2 ) at 60 and 90 DAS. ii. Crop growth parameters iii. Yield attributes and yield iv. Economic analysis B. (Green gram) i. Weed density( no./m 2 ) at 30 DAS ii. Seed yield and yield attributes Hyderabad WP Organic weed management practices in okra-carrot organic cropping system To monitor weed dynamics, crop productivity in okra and carrot due to non chemical weed management To monitor physical and chemical properties To work out economics. S. No. Kharif (Okra) Rabi (carrot) 1. Live mulch with dhaincha 50 kg/ha Hand weeding at 21 DAS 2. Live mulch with horsegram 50 kg/ha Hand weeding at 30 DAS 3. Live mulch with pillipesara 15 kg/ha Straw mulch 3 t/ha immediately after sowing 4. Straw mulch 5 t/ha Hand weeding at 15 DAS fb straw mulch 3 t/ha 5. Weeding with power weeder twice Hoeing/(twice) at 15DAS &30 DAS 6. Cultural practice (HW 20 and 45 DAS) Cultural practice (HW 15 and 45 DAS) 7. Pendimethalin 1000 g/ha fb HW at 30 DAS Pendimethalin 1000 g/ha fb HW at 30 DAS 8. Weedy check Weedy check Design: RBD: Replications: 3 1. Weed population and dry matter at 30, 60 DAS 2. Weed control efficiency (%) 60 DAS 3. Crop growth parameters 4. Yield attributes and yield 5. Nutrient depletion by weeds (uptake kg/ha) at harvest 6. Economic analysis 7. Soil physico chemical and enzyme activity 19

21 Jammu WP Weed management options in high value basmati rice-potato-french bean cropping system under organic farming To find out suitable organic weed management practices for basmati rice based cropping system Basmati rice-potato-french bean 1. Rice bran (2.5 t/ha) 10 DBT/DBS* 2. Rice bran (2.5 t/ha) 10 DBT/DBS + 1 HW 30 DAT 3. Mustard seed meal (2.5 t/ha) 10 DBT/DBS 4. Mustard seed meal (2.5 t/ha) 10 DBT/DBS + 1 HW at 30 DAT 5. Rice husk extract 5 DBT/DBS 6. Mustard plant extract 5 DBT/DBS 7. Rice husk extract 5 DBT/DBS+ 1 HW at 30 DAT 8. Mustard plant extract 5 DBT/DBS+ 1 HW at 30 DAT 9. Recommended herbicide (for rice, potato and French bean) 10. Weed free 11. Weedy check *DBT/DBS= Days before transplanting/sowing Design: RBD Replication: 3 1. Weed density (species composition and number) 2. Weed dry weight 3. Crop yield attributes and yield 4. Economics of treatments Jorhat WP (i) Weed management in organic chili Objective To develop weed management practice for chili under organic cultivation i. Compostable plastic film mulching ii. Rice straw mulching iii. Rice straw mulching fb one hand weeding iv. Stale seedbed v. Stale seedbed fb one hand weeding vi. Mechanical weeding twice vii. Mechanical weeding thrice viii. Recommended herbicide ix. Weedy Design: RBD; Replications:3 20

22 i. Periodic monitoring of weed density and dry weight ii. Crop growth and yield iii. Soil physico-chemical and biological parameters WP (ii) Weed management in organic tea in collaboration with Department of Tea Husbandry & Technology, AAU, Jorhat (proposed) Ludhiana WP Weed management in organic based basmati rice-durum wheat cropping system. Objective To develop effective weed management approaches for organic based basmati rice-durum wheatgreen manure cropping system Basmati rice (puddle transplanted) Durum wheat 1 GM 50 kg/ha + unweeded Unweeded 2 GM 50 kg/ha + Weed free Weed free 3 GM 50kg /ha + 25 % higher plant density + 50% higher plant density + one hoeing one hand pulling 4 DT + GM 50 kg/ha + 25% higher plant density + one hand pulling 50% higher plant density+ Straw mulch (6 t/ha) 5 GM 75 kg/ha + 25% high plant density + one hand pulling DT + 50% higher plant density + one hoeing 6 DT + GM 75 kg /ha + 25% higher plant density + one hand pulling DT+ 50% higher plant density + Straw mulch (6 t/ha) 7 GM 100 kg/ha + 25% higher plant density + one hand pulling ZT with residues + 50% higher plant density 8 DT + GM 100 kg /ha + 25% higher plant density + one hand pulling ZT with residues +50% higher plant density + seed coating with natural HydroGel Bed planting + 25% higher plant density + One hoeing 9 DT + GM 100 kg/ha + normal plant density + one hand pulling 10 Recommended herbicide Recommended herbicide GM = Green manuring (with Sesbania aculeata/crotalaria juncea) DT= Deep tillage; ZT-Zero tillage : 9; Design: RBD; Replications: 3 : Weed population and biomass at 30, 60 days after sowing; crop growth and yield parameters and grain yield; weed seed bank studies. 21

23 Palampur WP Weed management in high value organic crop production system (maize-garlic) Objective To evolve remunerative/economically viable weed management practice in organic production system Kharif (maize -green cobs) Rabi (garlic) 1. One hoeing fb earthing up at knee high stage Hoeing/(twice) at 15DAS & 45DAS 2. Stale seed bed+ hoeing+ earthing up Stale seed bed+ hoeing+ HW 3. Raised stale seed bed+ hoeing+earthing up Stale seed bed+hoeing+hw 4. Mulch(Lantana) 5t/ha Mulch(Lantana) 5t/ha 5. Stale seed bed + mulch 5t/ha Stale seed bed + mulch 5t/ha 6. Raised Stale seed bed+ mulch 5t/ha Stale seed bed+ mulch 5t/ha 7. Intercropping (soybean) + hoeing Intercropping (pea) + hoeing 8. *Maize/soybean + hoeing +earthing up *Garlic/pea + hoeing+hw 9. Maize+ mulch +manual weeding fb autumn crop Garlic +manual weeding fb summer crop of green manure of coriander 10 Herbicide check Herbicide check *In kharif, maize/ soybean and in Rabi garlic/pea as alternate crop Common organic practices will be followed for raising of crops along with imposed treatments. Design: RBD Replications: 3 i. Weed population and dry matter at 60 DAS ii. Weed control efficiency at 60 DAS iii. Crop growth parameters iv. Yield attributes and yield iv. Phytotoxicity on crop v. Economics analysis vi. Physico-chemical and biological properties of soil initial and after end of each cycle vii. Effect on soil micro-flora (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) viii. Effect on beneficial microorganisms such as: Total free nitrogen fixers Total P- solubilizing microorganisms Per cent root colonization by AM fungi at 50 DAS Soil microbial activity Microbial biomass carbon Soil respiration/urease activity Soil dehydrogenase activity Soil phosphatase activity 22

24 Pantnagar WP Weed management options in rice-wheat cropping system under organic mode of cultivation Objective To evolve remunerative/economically viable weed management practice in organic production system Rice (Basmati) T1 Summer ploughing+ stale bed +TPR (10 days standing water) + one MW (20 DAT) + one HW (40 DAT) T2 Stale bed + TPR (AWD) + one Mechanical Weeding (20 DAT)+ one HW (40DAT) T3 Soil Solarization + TPR( 10 days standing water) + one HW (40 DAT) T4 Stale seed bed+ FIRB DSR (Two rows of rice in furrows & one row of soybean on bed) + 1 Hoeing at 20 DAS + 1 HW at 40 DAS T5 DSR + Sesbania + one MW (25 DAS) + one HW (40 DAS) Wheat Stale bed + CTW + one MW (30 DAS) Stale bed + CTW + one HW (30 DAS) ZTW with rice straw + one HW (30 DAS) FIRB two rows wheat on bed + two rows of mentha in furrows + one HW (30 DAS) Stale bed + CTW + one HW (30 DAS) T6 Soil solarization + DSR + one HW (25 DAS) ZTW with rice straw + one HW (30 DAS) T7 Conventional TPR+ Pre-em fb Po-em herbicide Conventional wheat+ Po-Em (Control) Herbicide(Control) T8 Conventional DSR + Pre-em fb Po-em herbicide Zero tillage wheat + Po-Em (Control) Herbicide(Control) Rice row spacing- 25 cm Wheat spacing 20cm Rice Variety- Pusa 1509 TPR- Transplanted rice, DSR- Direct seeded rice, MW- Mechanical weeding, HW- Hand weeding, FIRB- Furrow irrigated raised bed, CTW- Conventional tillage wheat, ZTW- Zero tillage wheat, AWD-Alternate wetting and drying i. Weed density and biomass at 20, 40 and 60 DAT/DAS and harvest ii. Weed control efficiency (%) at 40 and 60 DAT/DAS iii. Crop growth parameters iv. Yield attributes and yield v. N,P,K and organic carbon content in soil at initial and at harvest vi. N,P,K uptake by crop and weeds at 30, 60 and 90 DAT/DAS vii. Soil microbial study viii. Dehydrogenase activity ix. Micro nutrient Fe, Zn, Cu, B x. Economics Note: A uniform dose of FYM 10t/ha followed by vermi-compost 5 t/ha at DAS/DAT will be applied in all the treatments. 23

25 Raichur WP Weed management in organic farming system (brinjal /chili) Objective To study the effect of different organic options for weed management in chili/brinjal T 1 : Cover crops: Green gram/dhaincha T 2 : Residue mulch T 3 :Plastic mulch T 4: Prosopis juliflora leaf leachates 20 % T 5 : Cassia tora leaf leachates 20 % T 6 : Eucalyptus leaf leachates 20 % T 7 : Lantana camara leaf leachates 20 % 8. Two inter-cultivation at 20 and 40 DAS/DAT 9. Recommended herbicide Design : RBD Replications: Three i. Weed population (no./m 2 ) and dry matter (g/m 2 ) at 60 DAS. ii. Weed control efficiency (%) at 60 DAS iii. Crop growth parameters iv. Yield attributes and yield. v. Economic analysis Raipur WP Weed management in organically grown direct seeded aromatic rice- sweet corn cropping system To find out suitable combination of organic sources for nutrient requirement. To assess the non-chemical weed management practices. To study the effect of different nutrient sources and weed management practices on physicochemical and biological properties of soil in organic agriculture. Kharif- Aromatic rice Seed rate: 40 kg/ha Design: Factorial RBD Nutrient management 1. FYM (supplied 50% N)+ vermicompost (supplied 50% N)+ PSB + azospirrilum 2. FYM (supplied 50% N)+ poultry manure (supplied 50% N) + PSB + azospirrilum 3. FYM (supplied 50% N)+ vermicompost (supplied 25% N)+poultry manure (supplied 25% N) + PSB + azospirrilum 24

26 Weed management 1. Hand weeding twice 2. Motorized weeder 3. Recommended herbicides 4. Control Rabi- Sweet corn Design: Split plot Main plot: (Residual study of kharif treatments) Sub plot: Weed management 1. Straw mulch (approx 5 ton) 2. Plastic mulch 3. Recommended herbicides 4. Control Observation Shall be taken periodically as per standard protocols on crop, weed and soil Ranchi WP Weed management in organic vegetable production in okra-onion cropping system Okra Onion T1 Plastic mulch Plastic mulch T2 Available weeds mulch Available weeds mulch T3 Straw mulch Straw mulch T4 Cover crops (cowpea) Cover crops (Berseem/coriander) T5 Mechanical weeding (Dutch hoe) Mechanical weeding (Dutch hoe) T6 Hand weeding (20, 40, 60 DAS) Hand weeding (20, 40, 60 DAS) T7 Oxyfluorfen 0.5g/ha PE Oxyfluorfen 0.5g/ha PE T8 Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha PE Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha PE T9 Weedy Weedy Weed mulches of locally available sources will be applied in crops during Kharif and Rabi seasons 10 t/ha. Design: RBD; Replications: 3 Study on weed 1. Major weed flora 2. Weed seed bank 3. Weed density at 60 DAS. 4. Weed dry matter at 60 DAS 5. NPK content in weeds Study on okra and onion 1. Yield attributes and yield of okra and onion 2. Economics 25

27 Thrissur WP (i) Organic farming methods to manage weeds in pineapple To study the effect of mulch, intercropping on weed management in organic pineapple 1. Coir pith mulching 2. Paper mulching 3. Cowpea intercropping 4. Coconut leaf mulching 5. Plastic mulching 6. Hand / spade weeding 7. Diuron spray will be applied in the area between trenches and hand weeding will be done inside the trenches between plants for all treatments except plastic mulching. Design - RBD 7 Replications- 3 This will be compared with herbicide treated plot : Weed count, weed dry matter and weed control efficiency Plant observations i. Leaf characters ii. Days to flowering iii. Fruit size iv. Fruit weight WP (ii) Effect of different mulches on weed management and productivity in brinjal To study the effect of mulch on weed management in organic brinjal 1. Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha 2. Dried leaves mulch 3. Polythene mulch 4. Coir pith mulch 5. Un weeded control 6. Hand weeded 7. Spade weeded Design - RBD 7 Replications- 3 Plant observation: Estimation of plant height, fruit length and fruit yield per plant. Soil observations under theme 4 Udaipur WP Organic weed management in fennel /sweet corn To study the non-chemical methods of weed control fennel /sweet corn 26

28 To study their effect on growth and yield of fennel /sweet corn Treatment 1 Summer ploughing + 1 hand weeding at 20 DAS 2 Summer ploughing + straw mulch (10 t/ha) at 20 DAS+1 hand weeding at 40 DAS 3 Summer ploughing + plastic mulch at sowing 4 Stale seed bed preparation + 1 Hand weeding at 20DAS 5 Stale seed bed preparation straw mulch (10 t/ha) at 20 DAS+1 hand weeding at 40 DAS 6 Stale seed bed preparation + + plastic mulch at sowing 7 Soil solarization + 1 hand weeding 8 Soil solarization + straw mulch (10 t/ha) at 20 DAS+1 hand weeding at 40 DAS 9 Soil solarization + + plastic mulch at sowing 10 Sesbania as smothering crop in between rows and used same Sesbaina as mulch after 30 days with tillage + 1 HW at 40 DAS 11 Pendimethalin 1000 ml /atrazine 500 g/ha fb straw mulching (10 t/ha) at 20 DAS 12 Weedy check : 3 Des ign: RB D Rep licat ions i. Weed density species wise (no./m 2 ) and dry matter (g/m 2 ) at 45 and 75 DAS. ii. Crop growth parameters iii. Yield attributes and yield iv. Economic analysis WP 1.3 Herbicidal control of weeds in crops and cropping systems WP Weed management in rice, and rice-based cropping systems Bengaluru WP (i) Herbicides combinations for control of complex weed flora in transplanted rice To study the bio-efficiency of combination of herbicides against complex weed flora, and their effect on growth and yield of transplanted rice. To study the phytotoxicity effect of combination of herbicides if any on transplanted rice To find out most profitable weed management practice in transplanted rice. Treatment Dose (g/ha) Time (DAT) T 1 Bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor fb / 25 passing of cono weeder T 2 Oxadiargyl fb passing of cono / 25 weeder T 3 Bispyribac-Na fb passing of conoweeder /

29 T 4 Triafamone+ ethoxysulfuron fb passing of cono-weeder / T 5 Bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor fb fb / bispyribac-na T 6 Oxadiargyl fb bispyribac-na 100 fb / T 7 Bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor fb fb / triafamone+ ethoxysulfuron T 8 Oxadiargyl fb triafamone fb / ethoxysulfuron T 9 Hand weeding at 25 and 45 DAS T 10 Weedy check Spray volume: 750 L/ha for pre-emergence and 500 L/ha for post-emergence herbicides, RBD, Replications:3, Plot size : 3.6 m X 3m = 10.8 m 2 Location: V.C. Farm, Mandya Design: i. Weed population and dry matter at 60 DAT ii. Weed control efficiency (%) at 60 DAT iii. Crop growth parameters iv. Yield attributes and yield v. Phytotoxicity on crop vi. Economics analysis WP (ii) Herbicides combinations for control of complex weed flora in dry directseeded rice To study the bio-efficiency of combination of herbicides against weed complex; and their effect on growth and yield of direct-seeded rice To study the phytotoxicity effect of combination of herbicides if any on direct seeded rice To study the weed flora and economics of different weed management practices Treatment Dose (g/ha) Time of application (DAS) T 1 Bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor fb / 0-3 fb 25 triafamone+ ethoxysulfuron (RM) 60 T 2 Oxadiargyl fb triafamone+ ethoxysulfuron 100 / fb 25 (RM) T 3 Pendimethalin fb triafamone+ ethoxysulfuron 1000 / fb 25 (RM) T 4 Pyrazosulfuron fb triafamone+ ethoxysulfuron 20 / fb 25 (RM) T 5 Bensulfuron- methyl + pretilachlor fb / 0-3 fb 25 bispyribac 25 T 6 Oxadiargyl fb bispyribac 100 / fb 25 T 7 Pendimethalin* fb bispyribac 1000 fb fb 25 T 8 Pyrazosulfuron fb bispyribac 20/ fb 25 T 9 Pendimethalin* fb penoxsulam+ cyhalofop 1000 fb 0-3 fb 25 (RM) 135 T 10 Three mechanical weedings (cono / rotary - 20,40,60 DAS weeder) T 11 Hand weedings - 20, 40, 60 DAS 28

30 T 12 Weedy check - - *Pendimethalin (Stomp Xtra 38.7% CS) Spray volume: 750 L/ha for pre-emergence and 500 L/ha for post-emergence herbicides, RBD, Replications:3, Plot size : 3.6 m X 3m = 10.8 m 2 Location : MRS, Hebbal, Bengaluru Design: i. Weed population and dry matter at 60 DAT ii. Weed control efficiency (%) at 60 DAT iii. Crop growth parameters iv. Yield attributes and yield v. Phytotoxicity on crop vi. Economics analysis Coimbatore WP Long term herbicide trial in transplanted lowland rice-rice cropping system To study the influence of weed management on weed shift, productivity and economics in transplanted rice-rice cropping system To assess the persistent and residue (soil, grain and straw) of herbicides To study the effect of weed management on rhizosphere microbial community Treatment Dose (g/ha) DAT T 1 : PE pyrazosulfuron- ethyl fb hand weeding (K & R) 20 3 fb 30 T 2 : PE pyrazosulfuron -ethyl fb hand weeding (K) + PE bensulfuron 3 fb methyl + pretilachlor fb hand weeding (R) (K and R) T 3 : PE pyrazosulfuron -ethyl fb POE bispyribac -sodium (K & R) 20 fb 25 3 fb 30 T 4 : PE pyrazosulfuron- ethyl fb POE bispyribac -sodium EC) (K) + PE 20 fb fb 30 Bensulfuron- methyl + pretilachlor fb POE bispyribac sodium (R) 660 fb 25 (K and R) T 5 : Hand weeding twice - 15 and 30 T 6 : Unweeded check - - K kharif; R -Rabi, DAT: Days after transplanting Design: RBD; Replications: Non-replicated Crops : Rice Seasons : K Kharif; R -Rabi Design : Randomized Block Design Replication : Non replicated i. Weed flora at 20 and 45 DAS ii. Weed density and dry weight at 20 and 45 DAS iii. Crop growth parameters on 20, 45 and 60 DAS iv. Yield and yield components of the rice v. Soil physico chemical and biological properties 29

31 Faizabad WP Weed management studies in aerobic rice-wheat cropping system Objective To study the bio-efficacy of combination of herbicides against complex weed flora and their effect on growth and yield of direct seeded-rice (dry) under rice- wheat cropping system. To study the phototoxic effect on the crop, if any Kharif (DSR) Rabi (Wheat) Treatment Dose Time Dose Time Treatment (g/ha) (DAS) (g/ha) (DAS) Bispyribac- Na Sulfosulfuron Pendimethalin fb Clodinafop fb /25 bispyribac-na metsulfuron (RM) Oxadiargyl fb Fenoxaprop P-ethyl fb /25 bispyribac metribuzin (RM) Mesosulfuron methyl Pretilachlor fb 750 fb /25 + iodosulfuron bispyribac-na methyl (RM) Pendimethalin fb Sulfosulfuron fb /25 bispyribac metsulfuron (RM) Pendimethalin fb 1000 fb Pendimethalin + 2, /30 HW(30 DAS) HW D Na , 30 Bispyribac + almix Metribuzin Hand weeding (3) _ 20,40&60 Hand weeding (2) _ 30 & 50 Weedy check Weedy check Design; RBD, Replication: 3, Plot size: 24 m 2 Observation i. Weed population and dry matter i. WCE (%) ii. Growth parameters (Plant height) iii. Yield attributes and yield iv. Phyto-toxicity v. Economics Summer (Sesbania) Sesbania for green manuring Hyderabad WP Weed management in rice-zero till maize cropping system To evaluate different weed management practices in rice maize cropping system. To find out the impact of long term herbicidal effect on soil and crop Treatment Rice Maize 1. Pretilachlor 750 g/ha as PE at 3-5 DAT fb HW at DAT Atrazine 1000 g + paraquat 600 g/ha as PE 2. Bispyribac-sodium as PoE at DAT 25 g/ha fb HW at DAT Oxyfluorfen 150 g/ha + paraquat.600 g/ha as PE 3. Pretilachlor fb ethoxysulfuron 750/18.75 g/ha at 25 Atrazine EPoE 1000 g/ha at DAS 30

32 DAT (3-4 leaf stage) 4. Farmers practice (20, 40 DAT HW) Farmers practice (HW at 20, 40 DAS) 5. Unweeded check Unweeded check Design : RBD Replications : Four Plot size : 7.2m x 7.5m Observation i. Weed population and dry matter ii. WCE (%) iii. Growth parameters (plant height) iv. Yield attributes and yield v. Phyto-toxicity vi. Economics Jorhat WP (i) Integrated weed management in upland direct-seeded rice Objective To develop an effective and profitable integrated weed management practice for upland directseeded rice A. Microbial seed treatment(m) 1. Trichoderma 2. ABT microbial culture 3. Consortium (M 1 + M 2 ) B. Weed management practice(w) 1. Pretilachlor 0.75 kg/ha fb one hand weeding 2. Mechanical weeding twice 15 and 45 DAS 3. Weedy Design: RBD with 3 replications a. Weed density and dry weight b. Germination percentage and seedling growth c. Crop growth and yield d. Population of the microbes in soil as affected by the treatments WP (ii) Long-term herbicidal trial in rice-rice cropping sequence Objective: To study the long-term effects of herbicides in rice-rice cropping sequence. i. Farmers practice (pretilachlor kg/ha + NPK fertilizers) ii. Recommended practice (pyrazosulfuron 25 g/ha + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha rotated with pretilachlor kg/ha and 25 % nutrient through organic source) iii. Pyrazosulfuron 25 g/ha + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha (75 % nutrient through fertilizers + 25 % nutrient through organic source) iv. Pyrazosulfuron 25 g/ha + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha rotated with pretilachlor kg/ha and 75 % nutrient through fertilizers+25 % nutrient through organic source v. Pyrazosulfuron 25 g/ha + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha rotated with pretilachlor kg/ha and 100 % nutrient through fertilizers 31