Moe Finke. Proprietary Product Manager VM, Forestry & Aquatics Loveland Products

Transcription

1 Moe Finke Proprietary Product Manager VM, Forestry & Aquatics Loveland Products

2 Characteristics and Use of Surfactants

3 Adjuvant Anything that modifies the spray tank characteristics

4 Adjuvant Considerations Adjuvants are not pesticides Tools to assists in management of pesticide performance Adjuvants not all alike Differ greatly in properties (chemistry) Function of adjuvant (Spreader, Uptake, Drift Control) Dose requirement (ounces to gallon)

5 Adjuvant Considerations Performance of pesticides is highly interactive with numerous factors Method of application (Back Pack, Air Boat) Environmental conditions (Hot & Dry or Wet) Target Pest (Weeds, Brush, Waxy Cuticle) Important to identify factors that constrain performance of pesticides ph of spray solution Water hardness

6 Adjuvant Considerations Know the adjuvants you use Properties they have (adhesion, uptake, drift control) Dose required to achieve optimum results Reliable, creditable suppliers who can supply information you require or refer you to someone who can

7 Adjuvant Classification Wetting/Spreading Surfactants Penetrating Surfactants Organosilicone (Super Wetters) Stickers

8 Adjuvant Classification (con t) Water Conditioning Agents Droplet Size Management Acidification Agents

9 Benefits of Surfactants Surfactancy Adhesion Atomization Control Penetration/Uptake

10 Structure of a Surfactant Molecule The Head of the Molecule is the Hydrophilic or Water Loving portion, also called Lipophobic or Oil hating The Tail of the Molecule is the Hydrophobic or Water Hating portion, also called Lipophilic or Oil Loving

11 Water Molecules at a surface Water molecules at a surface have forces of attraction that are stronger than those below the surface Surface Tension 72 dynes / cm

12 Water Molecules at the Surface of a Droplet Surface Tension of pure water is 72 dynes / 25 o C. Non-wettable surface

13 Water Droplet on the Surface of a Weed Leaf Surface Tension 72 dynes / cm Chenopodium album Spherical shape caused by surface tension of the water and the waxy nature of the leaf surface

14 Surface Seeking Effect of Surfactant Molecules Surfactant molecules disrupt surface forces and reduce surface tension Surface Tension 32 dynes / cm

15 Lateral View of Droplets on Brassica (Cabbage) Leaf Left to Right: 0%,.01%, 0.1% Non-Ionic Surfactant Courtesy Bukovac - Michigan State University

16 MOST 90% NIS CONTAIN THE CO-SOLVENT GLYCOL Glycols are heavy molecular weight alcohols

17 THE BIG ISSUES Co-Solvent Types Glycols or Alcohols

18 FLAMMABILITY Isopropyl & Butyl Alcohol Require a Flammability Statement on the Label. ISSUES Storage & Handling Transportation Insurance

19 FLAMMABILITY Glycol Based Adjuvants "NOT AN ISSUE"

20 RAPID DROPLET DRYING Spray Droplets Containing Isopropyl or Butyl Alcohol Evaporate Quickly. Rapid Drying Reduces Uptake.

21 SLOW EVAPORATION Glycols Dry More Slowly and Extends the Herbicide Uptake Time.

22 EXTREME ATOMIZATION Isopropyl and Butyl Alcohol Produce More Fines and Increase Drift.

23 GLYCOL IS BETTER Glycol-Based Co-Solvents Reduce the Production of Very Small Droplets.

24 Adjuvants

25 Not all Adjuvants are the Same One adjuvant will not work equally with all different chemistry Choose adjuvant to match chemistry Correct adjuvant will increase performance of chemistry Choose adjuvant based on objective of task Adhesion to plant surface Spreading Ability Uptake into plant Hot and Dry (Stress Conditions)

26 NPDES Requirement NPDES requires using the lowest rates of chemical to achieve your objective The proper use of surfactants can help achieve this requirement

27 Adjuvant effect is inversely related to pesticide dose. Greater effect will be observed at lower rates.

28 Wetting/Spreading Surfactants Referred to as wetting agents or spreaders Improves coverage and penetration of chemical Enhances performance of chemical These type Surfactants work with most chemistry, but environmental conditions and type of plants need to be considered to achieve desired results of control

29 Penetrating Surfactants Methylated Seed Oils: Referred to as Methyl Esters Specific in their adjuvant effect Function well with many herbicide chemistries Methyl Ester = Fatty Acids are esterified w/ Methyl Alcohol Results: New properties of solvency and water affinity

30 Penetrating Surfactants Emulsified Petroleum based oils: Crop Oils 17% Emulsifier/83% Petroleum Oil

31 Green Foxtail Wax Solubility Exposure interval (min) hrs Distilled Water Petroleum Oil Sunflower Oil Methylated Seed Oil Evaluation scale: 0 = No solubility; 10 = Was totally dissolved Manthey, F.A. and J.D. Nalewaja, NSDU - Fargo, ND

32 Organosilicone Super Wetters Dramatically reduce surface tension Through coverage Maximum wetting and spreading properties on nearly all plant surfaces (20X) Use with low carrier volumes Types of Organosilicone Products 100% Silicone Silicone/Non-Ionic Surfactant Silicone/MSO

33 Organosilicone Surfactant Water Organosilicone Surfactant N Non-Ionic Surfactant

34 Effect of the Surfactant tail upon Spreading Direction of Spread Organosilicone Conventional Which Hydrophobic tail (Red) would offer the most resistance to the movement in the direction of spread?

35 Stickers Designates an adjuvant that primarily imparts the property of adhesion of spray solution: Improved deposition of spray droplet Improved retention of spray droplet

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37 Water Conditioning Agents Chemicals affected by Hard Water: Glyphosate, Sulfonylurea and Phenoxy Negative charges in herbicides molecules attract the positive ions in water Calcium, Magnesium and Iron

38 Water Conditioning Agents Herbicide and cations form a strong complex Prevent or hinder uptake of herbicide into plant Effectively reduces herbicide performance Water Conditioners sequester and chelate cations freeing herbicide molecules to perform more effectively

39 U.S. Water Hardness Map

40 Drift Reduction Adjuvants Polymers: Viscoelastic: (Having both viscous and elastic properties) Reduce production of fine particles in spray solution (150 microns in diameter) Increases size and weight of droplets Reduces off-target application

41 Drift Reduction Adjuvants Soybean-Based: Will not suffer degradation or loss of function following circulation through typical spraying machinery (Typical of polymers) Will not negatively alter the functionality of spray nozzles (Typical of polymers) Flow Rate Nozzle pattern angle

42 Drift Reduction Adjuvants Manages Droplet Size: (keeps droplets in the 250 to 350 micron size) Improves spray pattern and reduces drift: Flow Rate Nozzle pattern angle

43 Teejet 40 psi Adjuvant Effects on Fan Angle Patternator Results Polymer based Non Polymer Soybean-Based Roundup UltraMax 2% v/v + Polyacrylamide at 9lbs/100 gal Roundup UltraMax 2 % v/v + Leci-Tech product at 0.25% v/v Wills, Hank & Jones, Mississippi State Univ., 2001

44 Acidification Agents Lower ph of spray solution Improves stability of certain pesticides Prevents certain incompatibilities Weak acid chemistry works better at lower ph (5 to 5.5 ph) Glyphosate Phenoxies Tricolpyr Dicamba

45 Aquatic Adjuvants Have been designed to work with aquatic chemistry Will not affect aquatic species Make sure you are using an Aquatic Adjuvant when spraying aquatic chemistry Jury still out on using surfactants when controlling underwater aquatic plants Not all adjuvants are Aquatic labeled

46 Correct Mixing Order W-A-L-E-S method W - wettable powders or dry formulations A - agitation L - liquids and flowables E -emulsifiable concentrates (EC) S -surfactants and adjuvants *When conditioning hard water always add Water Conditioner FIRST!!!

47 Contact Information Cell Number: Address:

48 THANK YOU QUESTIONS!!!